Physical 體能

Physical Fitness Test

APFT Physical Fitness Test

Heart rate 心跳

Particularly in futsal, eight studies have investigated the physiological responses during a match. . Barbero-Alvarez et al. (2008) monitored the heart rate (HR) of 10 players during four competitive futsal matches. The HRmean was 174 ± 7 b·min−1 (range: 164–181), which represented 90 ± 2% (range 86–93) of HRmax. With HR being classified based on the percentage of time spent in different zones, players spent 0.3, 16, and 83% at intensities ≤65, 85– 65, and ≥85% of HRmax, respectively.

HRmax = 最高心跳率

HRmean = 平均心跳率

五人足球中，有8個研究了解比賽期間的生理反應，包括心跳。

西班牙研究人員在2008年，監測10名五人足球球員的4場比賽，平均心跳率為每分鐘 174 ± 7（範圍：164–181），最高心跳率為每分鐘 90 ± 2%（範圍 86–93%）。球員有83%時間最高心跳率 ≥ 85%。

意大利一個報告指，在模擬五人足球比賽期間，平均最高心跳率峰值達到98%，相當於90%跑步機最大測試值。

似乎，在正式比賽時的最高心跳率，會低於模擬訓練中取得的最高心跳率。

The mean heart rates and percentages of maximum heart rate recorded during futsal play in the present study were generally higher than those recorded for football, handball, and basketball matches. The higher heart rate in futsal is probably a result of the high load on the anaerobic metabolism, greater than that demanded in other team sports. In relative terms, the futsal player’s heart rate remains above 85% of maximum heart rate for 83.2% of actual playing time [Castagna (2009)].

References

Konstantinos Spyrou et al. Physical and Physiological Match-Play Demands and Player Characteristics in Futsal: A Systematic Review. Front. Psychol. (2020) 11:569897
Barbero-Alvarez, J. C., Soto, V. M., Barbero-Alvarez, V., and Granda-Vera, J. (2008). Match analysis and heart rate of futsal players during competition. J. Sports Sci. 26, 63–73.
Castagna, C et al (2009). Match analysis and heart rate of futsal players during competition: a case study. J. Sci. Med. Sport 12, 490–494
Milanez, V. F. et al. (2020). Relationship between number of substitutions, running performance and passing during under-17 and adult official futsal matches. Int. J. Perform. Anal. Sport 20, 470–482
Ohmuro, T. et al. (2020). Physical match performance of japanese top-level futsal players in different categories and playing positions. Biol. Sport 37
Ribeiro, J. N et al. (2020). Activity profile and physical performance of match play in elite futsal players. Front. Psychol. 11:1709

Nordic Hamstring Exercise

一項系統回顧和大型分析表明，北歐腿筋鍛煉在內的預防計劃可降低足球運動員腿筋受傷的風險。

A systematic review and meta-analysis demonstrates that injury prevention programs that include Nordic Hamstring Exercise decrease the risk of hamstring injuries among soccer players [Wesam Saleh A. Al Attar 2017], by half [Nicol van Dyk 2019]