A wiggle in time and space is a wave, while a wiggle in time is a vibration. For example you're phone vibrates and makes a sound when getting a notification or a phone call. There are different components to a wave. The top of a wave are called crests, the bottom are called troughs, and if you put a line in the middle of the wave that's called the home position. Different setting s of waves are measured differently, such as if you went to the beach, the waves are measured in meters. If you where to go to a pond the ripples are measured in centimeters. And lastly light is measured in nanometers (Billionths of a meter). Frequency is usually described as how frequent a vibration occurs. The measurement of frequency is us in hertz as in Heinrich Hertz who demonstrated radio waves in 1886. Higher frequencies can measure kilohertz, megahurtz, and gigahurtz. The speed of a wave depends on the medium in which the wave moves through. For example, sound waves move at about 330 m/s to 350 m/sin air, and four times faster through water.

If I were to drop a stone in a pond waves form and move through the water in different directions causing ripples, also the amount of water does not change from the waves, but the form does. Larger mass creates larger and longer ripples, while smaller mass crates smaller and shorter ripples throughout the pond.