AHP209: Bodajk

Bodajk: Homoki dűlő site
Of the four known Avar period burial sites around the town of Bodajk, the Homoki-dűlő site, located north of the town, can be located in a satellite image as a cemetery of at least 1,000 graves. The cemetery was in use from the last third of the 6th to the 9th centuries CE, throughout the Avar period, according to the current findings and further stratigraphic observations. 

In 2010 and 2011, the staff of the Szent István Király Museum carried out rescue excavations in the area and in 2016, together with the Early Hungarians Research Team of the RCH, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, they continued the excavation of the Avar period cemetery and the 10th century CE and La Tène cemeteries located 200-300 meters away. Over the three excavation seasons, 154 graves were uncovered in the Avar period cemetery, initially under the leadership of Péter Prander and Eszter Pásztor, and later Frigyes Szücsi. 

Of the 41 men buried, around every fifth had a decorated mounted belt. Nine graves contained belt sets with plate and pressed bronze or silver ornaments or chased iron and cast bronze belt ornaments, and two belt sets made of rare antler carvings. Weapon accessories are scarce: only one spearhead, five arrowheads in two graves and the antler stiffening plates of a bow were recovered. The seven iron knives (>18 cm blade length) and an iron ax can be interpreted as both tools and weapons. Earrings were found in 52 female graves, beads in 26 graves, bracelets in 3 graves and rings in 2 graves. Twelve graves also contained wheel-thrown pottery, half of them belonged to the so-called 'Csákberény' group. 

In terms of Germanic cultural elements (object types, decorative elements), the cemetery at Homoki-dűlő can be compared with the cemeteries at Mezőfalva-vasútállomás and Tác-Fövenypuszta, together with the large East Transdanubian Merovingian type cemeteries (Budakalász, Szekszárd-Bogyiszlói út, Kölked-Feketekapu, Zamárdi), and the nearby Csákberény- Orondpusztai cemetery[68].

AHP203 Grave 2 - Grave goods: bronze earrings with overlay decoration, iron buckle, animal bones; dated to the 8th-9th centuries CE. Anthropological and genetic sex: Female; 50+ years old. 

AHP204 Grave 4 - Grave goods: trapezoid and rectangular iron buckles, animal bone; dated to the 8th-9th centuries CE. Anthropological and genetic sex: Male; 50-54 years old. 

AHP206 Grave 19 - Grave goods: amorphous iron object, bronze strap ends, rectangular iron buckle, iron knife, bone comb, iron hoop, animal bone, boat-shaped iron plate, bronze plates, bronze hoop; dated to the middle third of the 7th century CE. Anthropological and genetic sex: Male; 30-39 years old. 

AHP207 Grave 23 - No grave goods; dated to the 8th-9th centuries CE. Anthropological and genetic sex: Male; 40-44 years old. AHP208 Grave 40 - Grave goods: Pair of earrings with disc dangles; dated to the 8th-9th centuries CE. Anthropological sex: Male; 40+ years old. Genetic sex: Female. 

AHP209 Grave 44 - Grave goods: iron buckle, iron rings, iron knife, animal bone; dated to the 8th-9th centuries CE. Anthropological and genetic sex: Male; 25-29 years old.

AHP211 Grave 117 - Grave goods: earring, bead, iron buckle, iron hoop, animal bone; last third of the 7th century CE. Anthropological and genetic sex: Female; 40-44 years old.

STUDY OVERVIEW

The study, Ancient genomes reveal Avar-Hungarian transformations in the 9th-10th centuries CE Carpathian Basin, investigates the genetic history of the Carpathian Basin from the 5th to 11th centuries CE, a period marked by major demographic and cultural shifts, including Avar rule and the Hungarian conquest. Researchers analyzed 296 ancient DNA samples from Western Hungary, with 103 genomes subjected to shotgun sequencing. 

Using identity-by-descent (IBD) analysis, the study reveals regional differences in genetic continuity, admixture, and population reorganization. The introduction highlights the complex migration history of Central Europe, shaped by various Eastern and Western influences. Following the fall of the Roman Empire, the Carpathian Basin saw the settlement of transient groups like the Suebs, Goths, and Lombards. The Avar Khaganate (568–811 CE) brought a mix of Northeast-Eurasian and Eastern European populations, later integrated into the Carolingian Empire. The 9th-century Carolingian expansion introduced Christianization and administrative reforms. 

By the late 9th century, Hungarian conquerors settled in the region, replacing ruling elites and forming the Hungarian Kingdom in the 10th century. The research aims to fill gaps in the genetic record of Transdanubia, which lacked extensive ancient DNA analysis compared to the Great Hungarian Plain. 

The study examines population continuity, genetic diversity, and the impact of the Avar and Hungarian conquests by analyzing 294 samples from key historical sites, including Zalavár, Székesfehérvár, and Visegrád. These sites reflect major transitions from the late Avar Khaganate to the Árpádian era.? 

Genetic Admixture: About half of the individuals in the study had some non-European ancestry, with East-Eurasian ancestry being notably more prevalent in the GHP (Great Hungarian Plain) compared to Transdanubia. The study suggests sporadic and regionally varied survival of East-Eurasian lineages into the post-Conequest East Eurasian (post-CEE) cluster (after the 10th century).

IBD Analysis: The analysis of IBD (identity-by-descent) segments revealed a distinct pattern of genetic connections across time and geography. Pre-Conquest East Eurasian (pre-CEE) individuals had sparser connections to CB-EUR (Carpathian Basin European) individuals, while post-CEE individuals showed more extensive connections, especially with Eastern European genetic groups. 

Community Networks: The study identified two main waves of genetic contact: The 7th century CE wave aligns with the social and demographic changes during the Avar period, possibly related to the sedentary lifestyle and exogamous practices. The 9th to 10th century CE wave coincides with the Hungarian conquest, showing increased movement and interactions across regions in the Carpathian Basin. 

Population Size and Structure: The study estimated the effective population size (Ne) of both pre- and post-CEE clusters. The pre-CEE cluster had a larger Ne, indicating more genetic diversity and internal connections, while the post-CEE cluster showed a more fragmented structure, possibly due to the smaller population size of the Hungarian conquerors. 

Chronological and Spatial Differences: The data indicated that communities in the GHP had more intersite connections during the 7th century CE, while Transdanubia showed more localized connections, particularly in the 10th century CE. This suggests differing social structures and population dynamics between these regions during the periods studied. 

Genetic Clines: The European genetic clines in the region show significant changes, particularly with the decline of European group 1 and Near-Eastern ancestry, and the gradual integration of groups 1 and 2 into cline 3. This shift becomes more pronounced by the 11th century CE. However, clinal similarities between regions don’t always reflect group identity, and the presence of some populations, like the Romanized ones around Csákberény, is seen in their genetic makeup. East-Eurasian Ancestry: The study suggests that the East-Eurasian ancestry of the early Avars, particularly their elite, is present in the pre-CEE cluster. This genetic heritage is largely replaced by Hungarian ancestry during the Hungarian conquest. The Hungarian conquerors show more genetic mixing with the local populations, whereas the Avars, especially their elite, exhibit a more isolated genetic structure. 

IBD and Social Organization: The IBD (Identity-by-Descent) analysis highlights that Avar communities had more limited inter-site connections, suggesting endogamy, particularly in the 7th to 9th centuries CE, with some evidence of female exogamy. This contrasts with Hungarian conquerors who quickly integrated with local populations after their arrival, as seen in the IBD patterns, which reflect greater genetic diversity in the post-CEE cluster. 

Microregional Trends: Genetic trends within Transdanubia show different histories even among neighboring sites. For example, Szólád’s 7th-century individuals exhibit broad connections across the region, suggesting a large, genetically successful group. In contrast, sites like Visegrád show more isolation from previous populations, supporting historical records of newly formed communities. 

Hungarian Conquest and Population Movements: The Hungarian conquest led to substantial population mixing, seen through the IBD connections between distant cemeteries and the appearance of Uralic ancestry in Transdanubia before 890 CE. These findings suggest that Hungarians were present in the region before their conquest, possibly as mercenaries. 

Limitations and Future Research: While the study provides significant insights into the genetic landscape of the Carpathian Basin, the absence of comparative datasets from other regions leaves some questions open, such as the exact origins of the Late Antique population and the full characterization of the post-CEE cluster. Further studies with expanded sampling across East-Central Europe are planned to address these gaps. In summary, the study offers a nuanced view of the Carpathian Basin’s genetic history, revealing the complex interactions between local and incoming populations, and the profound influence of the Avar and Hungarian periods on the genetic makeup of the region.

G25 SCALED

Hungary_Visegrád_Medieval:AHPS77__AD_1050__Cov_64.95%,0.127482,0.138112,0.04978,0.031331,0.034468,0.005299,-0.003995,0.001154,-0.001432,0.004191,-0.010393,-0.0003,-0.00669,0.001239,-0.003393,0.010077,0.01369,-0.002787,0.005028,0.000375,-0.004492,0.002349,0.008504,0.005302,0.000718

Hungary_Visegrád_Medieval:AHPS82__AD_1050__Cov_69.46%,0.1161,0.1046,0.038089,0.01615,0.021542,0.013666,0.00611,0.015692,0.005522,-0.00492,0.003085,-0.009142,0.004311,0.007982,-0.004207,-0.007955,-0.014081,-0.003674,-0.001383,0.004877,-0.004118,0.003462,-0.006902,-0.003856,0.005748

Hungary_Visegrád_Medieval:AHPS100__AD_1050__Cov_47.24%,0.114961,0.073118,0.046009,0.017765,0.020927,-0.003068,0.00329,0.003923,0.009613,0.003462,-0.002923,0.003447,-0.01115,0.003165,-0.002172,-0.009016,0.000391,0.003801,0.004399,0.008879,-0.003993,-0.007914,0.007765,-0.007471,-0.002155

Hungary_Visegrád_Medieval:AHPS103__AD_1050__Cov_66.67%,0.130897,0.135065,0.063733,0.043605,0.027697,0.017012,0.00047,0.010153,0.002045,-0.00492,-0.000325,-0.005095,0.015015,0.010597,-0.010586,0.000265,0.006389,0.003041,0.005782,-0.00025,-0.00025,-0.003215,0.001602,-0.005784,0.002275

Hungary_Visegrád_Medieval:AHPS104__AD_1050__Cov_43.78%,0.126344,0.126941,0.04978,0.01938,0.023081,0.008088,0.002585,0.004384,0.011249,-0.002369,-0.001949,0.007643,0.000892,0.003578,0.004614,-0.004641,-0.019818,-0.000633,0.003268,0.00025,-0.002246,0.002473,0.004437,-0.003012,0.000838

Hungary_SoutheasternTransdanubia_EarlyHungarian:AHPS117__AD_950__Cov_51.27%,0.122929,0.135065,0.047517,0.02584,0.037238,0.018128,0.003525,0.004615,0.003477,-0.000364,-0.00341,0.003597,-0.01442,-0.008395,0.000679,-0.010872,-0.017993,0.006334,0.008925,-0.003627,0.004243,0.009027,-0.006532,0.007471,0.001796

Hungary_SoutheasternTransdanubia_EarlyHungarian:AHPS124__AD_950__Cov_63.19%,0.124067,0.147252,0.042615,0.014535,0.038469,-0.000558,0.001175,-0.002308,0.009817,0.022597,0.00065,0.005695,-0.011596,-0.000826,0.001493,-0.001061,0.004955,0.005194,0.00088,-0.001376,-0.002121,-0.002473,0.002711,0.004097,-0.001197

Hungary_SoutheasternTransdanubia_EarlyHungarian:AHPS128__AD_950__Cov_40.19%,0.120652,0.159438,0.02225,-0.029393,0.034776,-0.010319,-0.00282,0.000923,0.006545,0.040456,0.006496,0.009292,-0.01665,-0.003028,0.004207,-0.022408,-0.013169,-0.0019,-0.008547,-0.006128,0.003244,0.00507,-0.001602,0.010122,-0.003712

Hungary_SoutheasternTransdanubia_EarlyHungarian:AHPS134__AD_950__Cov_42.22%,0.119514,0.156392,0.023759,-0.015827,0.034776,-0.009203,-0.00047,0.002538,0.014112,0.01549,0.003248,-0.002548,-0.010852,-0.000138,0,-0.006099,0.007432,0.003421,0.011941,0.003502,-0.002371,0.003586,-0.002218,-0.00241,-0.004191

Hungary_SoutheasternTransdanubia_EarlyHungarian:AHPS137__AD_950__Cov_35.47%,0.101303,-0.045699,0.052043,0.011305,-0.021235,-0.011713,0.00893,0.017307,-0.013294,-0.007107,-0.005359,-0.001649,-0.004014,-0.007294,-0.012351,0.012066,0.018515,0.00152,0.009427,-0.003252,-0.00836,0.008285,0.001479,0.002771,-0.010658

Hungary_SoutheasternTransdanubia_EarlyHungarian:AHPS139__AD_950__Cov_32.09%,0.119514,0.145221,0.035449,0.017765,0.027697,0.01506,-0.000705,0.011076,-0.00225,0.01385,-0.003735,0.004196,-0.008771,0.01968,-0.007736,-0.020684,-0.013821,0.005954,0.006536,-0.005253,-0.002121,-0.002844,0.005546,0.000723,-0.002155

Hungary_SoutheasternTransdanubia_EarlyHungarian:AHPS143__AD_950__Cov_33.60%,0.119514,0.117801,0.046386,0.017765,0.02739,0.004183,-0.00094,0.003461,0.001841,0.016766,-0.008769,0.002248,-0.008028,0.01156,0.013708,-0.009812,-0.016168,-0.00228,0.005531,-0.008379,-0.004742,-0.00136,0.005916,0.002892,0.000359

Hungary_SoutheasternTransdanubia_EarlyHungarian:AHPS144__AD_950__Cov_36.76%,0.119514,0.110693,0.046386,0.021318,0.033237,0.01255,0.002115,0.005307,0.00409,0.009841,-0.000974,0.004346,-0.00892,0.003165,0.005972,-0.007425,-0.011083,0,-0.000628,0.008879,-0.005116,-0.002597,-0.000986,-0.00253,-0.005389

Hungary_SoutheasternTransdanubia_EarlyHungarian:AHPS146__AD_950__Cov_44.12%,0.124067,0.125926,0.060339,0.049419,0.039392,0.020359,0.019271,0.025384,0.0045,-0.014761,-0.002761,-0.01154,0.01442,0.012661,-0.014794,0.007823,0.023469,-0.008995,-0.002514,-0.004752,-0.006239,-0.001607,0.004807,0.004338,-0.00479

Hungary_SoutheasternTransdanubia_EarlyHungarian:AHPS152__AD_950__Cov_28.04%,0.119514,0.107646,0.042615,0.01615,0.026466,0.006136,0.012456,0.006461,0.002863,0.000182,-0.002436,0.002398,-0.003122,-0.001927,-0.010722,0.019225,0.021905,-0.00076,0.005154,-0.005628,0.008735,-0.005812,0.002711,-0.004579,0.004431

Hungary_SoutheasternTransdanubia_EarlyHungarian:AHPS153__AD_950__Cov_33.50%,0.12862,0.132019,0.045254,0.022933,0.034468,0.011992,0.003995,0.002308,0.009204,-0.004009,-0.000325,0.002398,0,0.000826,0.004479,0.00411,-0.000782,0.001647,0.004399,0.009505,0.002995,-0.002226,0.005423,0.005302,-0.000958

Hungary_SoutheasternTransdanubia_EarlyHungarian:AHPS154__AD_950__Cov_53.91%,0.114961,0.07718,0.059208,0.021641,0.018465,0.00753,0.012691,0.013615,0.003068,0.005285,0.001786,0.010041,-0.005054,-0.006606,-0.008686,-0.014054,-0.014733,-0.000253,0.001006,-0.000625,-0.002995,0.001484,0.005053,-0.005904,-0.002754

Hungary_SoutheasternTransdanubia_EarlyHungarian:AHPS158__AD_950__Cov_34.77%,0.10927,0.131003,0.035826,0.015181,0.030467,0.004741,0.00611,0.01223,-0.0045,0.005467,-0.003897,0.001349,-0.010109,-0.008945,-0.001357,0.011668,0.021905,0.002407,0.007919,0.004127,0.004617,0.001113,0.000986,0.001205,-0.002634

Hungary_SoutheasternTransdanubia_EarlyHungarian:AHPS163W__AD_1000__Cov_47.21%,0.126344,0.147252,0.045632,0.02907,0.034468,0.001952,0.00094,0.002308,0.009204,0.00893,0.000162,-0.009142,-0.003122,0.003303,0.001629,-0.010077,-0.018775,0.002154,0.006788,-0.004627,-0.006364,-0.003462,0.003574,0.006266,0.003233

Hungary_SoutheasternTransdanubia_EarlyHungarian:AHPS164W__AD_1000__Cov_41.46%,0.112685,0.151314,0.033564,-0.002584,0.03416,-0.012271,-0.00235,-0.007154,0.010022,0.02278,-0.004872,-0.000599,-0.003271,0.004954,-0.005022,-0.007955,0.005998,-0.00152,0.004022,-0.005878,-0.000998,0.005812,0.000616,-0.003856,-0.004311

Hungary_SoutheasternTransdanubia_EarlyHungarian:AHPS169W__AD_1000__Cov_43.76%,0.099026,-0.040621,0.053928,0.026486,-0.018157,-0.003904,0.011751,0.01823,0.0045,-0.01549,-0.003573,-0.004046,-0.002825,-0.01101,-0.002579,-0.00716,-0.004955,0.004434,0.012193,-0.004127,-0.004367,-0.004204,0.001109,0.005663,-0.006107

Hungary_SoutheasternTransdanubia_EarlyHungarian:AHPS173W__AD_1000__Cov_48.25%,0.133173,0.144205,0.03017,0.002584,0.0397,-0.003626,-0.00564,-0.006923,0.011453,0.022597,0.005034,0.003597,-0.007433,-0.011836,-0.002714,0.003447,-0.01004,0.00266,0.005154,0.004252,0.003743,-0.002597,-0.001972,0.003615,0.000958

Hungary_SoutheasternTransdanubia_EarlyHungarian:AHPS174W__AD_1000__Cov_57.55%,0.120652,0.132019,0.056191,0.044251,0.042162,0.01255,-0.00047,0.008769,0.002045,-0.011481,-0.002923,-0.000749,0.005352,0.007982,-0.010858,0.012198,0.020079,-0.003294,0.010433,-0.000125,-0.009483,-0.009398,0.00986,-0.002651,-0.000239

Hungary_SoutheasternTransdanubia_EarlyHungarian:AHPS177W__AD_1000__Cov_42.96%,0.127482,0.125926,0.053928,0.028424,0.032006,0.019801,-0.001175,0.006692,0.005727,0.001276,0.00682,-0.008243,0.005649,0.008257,-0.013165,-0.002254,0.012647,0.007348,0.006662,-0.001,-0.006863,0.005317,0.004314,0.005181,-0.010538

Hungary_SoutheasternTransdanubia_EarlyHungarian:AHPS181W__AD_1000__Cov_43.77%,0.121791,0.155376,0.018856,-0.011951,0.035083,-0.01004,-0.001645,0.004154,0.009613,0.026971,0.003573,0.010041,-0.012487,-0.00289,0.008279,0.009414,0.012908,0.004434,-0.002891,0.010755,-0.000624,0.002226,0.002095,0.013375,-0.008861

Hungary_SoutheasternTransdanubia_EarlyHungarian:AHPS183W__AD_1000__Cov_41.46%,0.114961,0.148267,0.038466,-0.001292,0.030775,0.000279,0.00094,0.012692,0.012271,0.016948,-0.007795,0.00015,-0.011447,-0.001651,0.007465,0.001989,-0.010431,-0.004054,0.002765,-0.006128,-0.00574,-0.00136,0.001356,0.010363,-0.003832

Hungary_SoutheasternTransdanubia_EarlyHungarian:AHPS184W__AD_1000__Cov_20.40%,0.125205,0.137096,0.039975,0.017442,0.032314,0.011435,0.008225,0.014769,-0.015953,-0.007472,0.004872,-0.002248,-0.007136,0.00289,-0.002579,0.011535,0.002347,0.004054,0.012947,0.006378,-0.001622,0.004822,0.007395,0.005302,-0.001676

Hungary_SoutheasternTransdanubia_EarlyHungarian:AHPS185W__AD_1000__Cov_39.88%,0.130897,0.142174,0.047517,0.018088,0.041546,0.003347,0.008695,0.003923,0.000818,-0.00164,0.005684,-0.001798,0.005946,0.001376,0.002579,-0.000663,0.000913,0.004687,0.001885,0.005628,0.002995,0.006059,0.000246,-0.003374,-0.008981

Hungary_SoutheasternTransdanubia_EarlyHungarian:AHPS187W__AD_1000__Cov_35.26%,0.125205,0.133034,0.043369,0.030685,0.03139,0.013945,0.009165,0.011769,0.000409,0.003827,0.005684,0.003297,0.012042,0.015964,-0.007736,0.005171,0.008475,-0.001647,-0.002765,0.004752,-0.000749,-0.002844,-0.006655,-0.013255,0.006347

Hungary_SoutheasternTransdanubia_EarlyHungarian:AHPS190W__AD_950__Cov_52.48%,0.125205,0.111708,0.053174,0.040698,0.030467,0.018965,0.0094,0.010384,0.00225,-0.010205,-0.000162,-0.003297,0.005649,0.016928,-0.010043,-0.014452,-0.009518,0.002534,0.002765,-0.002876,-0.009483,-0.010387,0.006039,-0.002048,0.006826

Hungary_SoutheasternTransdanubia_EarlyHungarian:AHPS194W__AD_950__Cov_34.31%,0.133173,0.144205,0.042992,0.022933,0.041238,0.005299,-0.004465,0.002769,0.005931,0.017495,-0.001137,0.001948,-0.010109,0.003303,0.011265,-0.012463,-0.016298,0.000127,0.003017,-0.013381,0.005865,0.001978,-0.001972,-0.002892,-0.002515

Hungary_SoutheasternTransdanubia_EarlyHungarian:AHPS195W__AD_950__Cov_46.04%,0.129758,0.119832,0.047517,0.029716,0.040007,0.021475,0.006815,0.006461,0.002454,-0.005467,0.006983,-0.001199,0.007582,0.02491,-0.013979,-0.000265,0.002086,0.002027,-0.002891,0.011255,-0.005865,-0.004575,0.006779,-0.004338,0.007424

Hungary_SoutheasternTransdanubia_EarlyHungarian:AHPS196W__AD_950__Cov_55.28%,0.101303,-0.064994,0.070899,0.037468,-0.036007,-0.000279,0.004935,0.011769,-0.016771,-0.024055,0.013153,-0.005395,0.000595,-0.025185,-0.007872,-0.00769,-0.004433,-0.005448,-0.008547,-0.009755,-0.011105,0.002968,0.003451,-0.001928,0.002634

Hungary_SoutheasternTransdanubia_EarlyHungarian:AHPS199W__AD_950__Cov_45.73%,0.112685,0.054839,0.050911,0.033269,0.012002,0.001952,0.003525,0.019153,0.000818,-0.005832,-0.001949,-0.001798,0.000297,-0.004679,0.010858,0.000398,0.002217,0.011402,0.002514,-0.0005,-0.007237,-0.002844,0.008504,0.00241,-0.001437

Hungary_SoutheasternTransdanubia_EarlyHungarian:AHPS200W__AD_950__Cov_59.63%,0.129758,0.146236,0.040729,0.016473,0.0437,0.008088,0.003995,0.010153,0.014317,0.01385,-0.001299,0.004946,-0.003122,0.015689,0.004072,-0.006099,-0.00326,-0.000887,-0.000628,-0.005503,0.001497,0.004204,0.005916,-0.001687,-0.003353

Hungary_SoutheasternTransdanubia_EarlyHungarian:AHPS201W__AD_950__Cov_41.08%,0.130897,0.137096,0.050157,0.015504,0.044316,0.008646,-0.00376,0.007846,0.007363,0.015672,-0.007632,0.014687,-0.012042,-0.015276,0.009636,0.017767,0.005607,0.003801,0.003771,-0.004252,0.013975,0.001855,-0.005669,-0.003012,-0.005029

Hungary_SoutheasternTransdanubia_EarlyHungarian:AHPS202W__AD_950__Cov_57.18%,0.130897,0.147252,0.0445,0.020995,0.034468,0.012829,0.00611,0.002769,0.003886,0.004374,-0.003897,-0.002698,0.006095,0.002615,-0.008958,0.013392,0.014473,-0.00038,0.005279,0.003252,0.002745,0.00779,0.000493,0.001807,-0.003712

Hungary_SoutheasternTransdanubia_LateAvar:AHPS203W__AD_775__Cov_39.53%,0.12862,0.153345,0.028284,0.000323,0.02462,0.003068,0.00517,0.005538,0.003272,0.014397,0.005359,0.01169,-0.005203,0.007569,-0.0057,-0.015513,-0.008736,0.003041,0.003771,-0.008129,-0.005989,0.006059,-0.002095,0.004699,-0.003353

Hungary_SoutheasternTransdanubia_LateAvar:AHPS204W__AD_800__Cov_31.90%,0.119514,0.125926,0.014708,0.007429,0.026774,-0.001673,0.001645,0.009692,-0.01268,-0.000911,0.008607,0,0,-0.005918,-0.000407,0.017502,0.025555,0.007221,0.006536,0.002501,-0.006239,0.002226,-0.005176,0.007109,-0.014609

Hungary_SoutheasternTransdanubia_LateAvar:AHPS206W__AD_800__Cov_43.64%,0.120652,0.129988,0.035072,0.002261,0.031698,-0.001394,0.000235,-0.001615,-0.013294,0.00164,-0.00341,0.002248,-0.000149,-0.000275,-0.000407,0.003978,0.021644,0.00076,0.005028,0.000875,-0.012603,-0.000989,-0.001356,0.009881,-0.005628

Hungary_SoutheasternTransdanubia_LateAvar:AHPS207W__AD_800__Cov_70.69%,0.121791,0.14319,0.015085,-0.017119,0.021542,-0.011156,-0.00141,0.003,0.002045,0.020593,0.001624,-0.001349,-0.003568,-0.003853,-0.013572,0.004508,0.018906,-0.000887,-0.000503,0.007253,-0.008735,-0.01051,-0.000863,0.011447,-0.000718

Hungary_SoutheasternTransdanubia_LateAvar:AHPS208W__AD_850__Cov_48.99%,0.120652,0.142174,0.016593,-0.014535,0.020004,0.001952,0.007755,0.011076,0.001023,0.020228,0.004384,0.004496,-0.008176,0.000413,-0.012758,-0.012861,0.005737,-0.003294,-0.01081,-0.002126,-0.002496,0.000247,-0.005053,0.010363,0.007784

Hungary_SoutheasternTransdanubia_LateAvar:AHPS209W__AD_800__Cov_51.57%,0.120652,0.149283,0.012445,-0.015827,0.019696,-0.006136,0.00517,0.004154,0.001636,0.020775,0.003085,0.002847,-0.014717,0.003716,-0.012351,0.003713,0.003781,0.005068,0.007668,-0.001376,-0.006489,0.005688,-0.002588,0.01687,0.000838

Hungary_SoutheasternTransdanubia_LateAvar:AHPS211W__AD_800__Cov_23.19%,0.125205,0.144205,0.011691,-0.036176,0.025235,-0.001394,0.002585,-0.004154,0.007772,0.025149,0.006983,0.007793,-0.015163,-0.002064,-0.015201,-0.002652,0.002347,0.008868,0.005531,0.007253,0.000998,0.002844,-0.012941,0.002048,-0.00455

Hungary_SoutheasternTransdanubia_EarlyAvar:AHPS220W__AD_650__Cov_54.93%,0.130897,0.149283,0.017348,-0.033915,0.028621,-0.013387,0.00705,0.006,0.010635,0.026971,-0.000325,0.005695,-0.015907,-0.009909,-0.003257,-0.006497,-0.001956,0.00152,0.000251,-0.007379,-0.005865,-0.003091,-0.010969,0.000482,0.000599

Hungary_SoutheasternTransdanubia_LateAvar:AHPS221W__AD_750__Cov_37.76%,0.129758,0.14319,0.01961,-0.012597,0.032929,-0.014223,-0.011045,0.003692,0,0.001093,0,0.003147,0.001784,0.006331,-0.013979,0.006629,0.001825,-0.002407,0.003017,-0.009379,0.000499,-0.006306,-0.006902,-0.003133,-0.00012

Hungary_SoutheasternTransdanubia_EarlyAvar:AHPS229W__AD_600__Cov_47.84%,0.122929,0.149283,0.001131,-0.025517,0.020619,0.001952,0.000705,0,0.013499,0.026789,-0.000487,0.005845,-0.013082,0.001376,-0.008143,-0.008618,-0.014212,0.007981,0.005154,-0.002376,-0.003119,0.007048,-0.001232,-0.006386,-0.00958

Hungary_SoutheasternTransdanubia_EarlyAvar:AHPS231W__AD_650__Cov_58.41%,0.110408,0.149283,0.004903,-0.055879,0.024004,-0.021196,-0.003055,-0.004384,0.01084,0.032256,0.003573,0.004496,-0.015758,-0.010459,-0.012215,-0.005171,0.002347,0.004054,0.009679,-0.009379,-0.010482,0.000866,-0.001109,0.006145,-0.003113

Hungary_SoutheasternTransdanubia_LateAvar:AHPS235W__AD_750__Cov_59.17%,0.09675,-0.027419,0.038843,-0.007752,-0.008925,-0.020917,0.002585,0.009461,-0.000818,0.001093,0.000325,-0.001649,0.001487,0.001927,-0.006515,-0.009812,-0.018123,-0.002154,0.009804,-0.002751,-0.015098,0.001978,-0.003204,0.008676,0.006107

Hungary_SoutheasternTransdanubia_LateAvar:AHPS245W__AD_750__Cov_51.36%,0.1161,0.076165,0.026398,-0.015181,0.007386,-0.004741,0.001645,-0.002769,0.001432,0.011845,0.001949,0.00045,-0.003865,0.006055,-0.0038,-0.008751,-0.011995,0.002027,0.014707,0.000375,-0.001248,0.005812,-0.003204,-0.00012,-0.001796

Hungary_SoutheasternTransdanubia_LateAvar:AHPS249W__AD_750__Cov_61.73%,0.105855,0.030466,0.023759,-0.014212,0.002462,-0.00251,-0.00188,0.005769,-0.006749,0.006014,0.001137,0.001948,0,0.001101,-0.012622,-0.004508,-0.00013,-0.002027,-0.00088,-0.005503,-0.01123,-0.000866,-0.003821,0.000843,-0.010897

Hungary_SoutheasternTransdanubia_LateAvar:AHPS256W__AD_850__Cov_53.56%,0.126344,0.147252,0.014708,-0.022933,0.024928,-0.013108,-0.003055,0.001154,0.005727,0.019135,0.001786,0.002997,-0.013825,-0.002202,-0.006515,0.009546,0.020079,0.003294,0.00088,0.006503,-0.003619,0.00915,0.005423,-0.002651,-0.003952

Hungary_Zalavár_EarlyHungarian:AHS05__AD_950__Cov_75.60%,0.126344,0.13405,0.049403,0.026163,0.040931,0.00753,0.000235,0.006923,0.01268,0.002551,-0.00065,-0.002698,-0.007136,0.001789,0.003664,-0.007027,-0.005998,0.00038,0.006788,-0.009254,0,0.000866,-0.006902,0.005904,0.000479

Hungary_Zalavár_EarlyHungarian:AHS06__AD_950__Cov_74.63%,0.135449,0.136081,0.048271,0.027132,0.036314,0.010598,0.00517,0.001615,0.001636,0.001093,0,0.004346,0.006392,0.015276,-0.012622,-0.000265,0.01343,0.001014,0.002263,-0.005878,-0.002121,0.004699,0.00493,-0.003735,-0.001078

Hungary_Zalavár_EarlyHungarian:AHS07__AD_950__Cov_77.61%,0.117238,0.092413,0.043369,0.026809,0.024004,0.000558,-0.00047,-0.002538,0.005113,0.009294,-0.004547,0.001798,-0.000149,-0.008257,-0.000679,0.003182,0.013038,-0.008108,-0.000628,0.011506,-0.009234,-0.007296,0.002465,0.008194,-0.001796

Hungary_Zalavár_EarlyHungarian:AHS09__AD_950__Cov_78.77%,0.122929,0.127957,0.049026,0.039406,0.039084,0.017849,0.00235,0.011999,0.006545,-0.007472,0.000974,0.000749,0.009217,0.004129,-0.003257,0.00305,0.002347,-0.00152,0.00264,0.007879,-0.003244,0.004328,0.011216,0.003012,0.002994

Hungary_Zalavár_EarlyHungarian:AHS10__AD_950__Cov_75.15%,0.137726,0.137096,0.053174,0.03553,0.033237,0.023148,-0.00094,0.014769,0.002454,-0.00893,0.006333,0.004196,-0.002527,0.013487,-0.005293,0.000265,-0.004694,0.000253,0.001006,-0.000125,0.013851,-0.006677,0.009737,0.003494,-0.006586

Hungary_Zalavár_EarlyHungarian:AHS11__AD_950__Cov_73.22%,0.108132,0.053823,0.04186,0.015827,0.008925,0.00251,0.008225,0.004846,-0.002659,-0.002005,0.002436,0.001499,0.007433,0.009221,-0.002986,0.001856,0.012778,-0.005828,0.000126,-0.001126,-0.010232,-0.005935,-0.006039,0.000482,-0.003473

Hungary_Zalavár_EarlyHungarian:AHS50__AD_950__Cov_68.64%,0.134311,0.129988,0.057322,0.044897,0.035083,0.014223,0.004935,0.007615,-0.003477,-0.013303,0.00065,-0.005395,0.011001,0.015551,-0.01045,-0.00053,0.002738,-0.004307,0.002388,-0.002626,-0.012478,-0.010758,0.003697,0.009278,-0.011017

Hungary_Zalavár_LateAvar:AHS15__AD_875__Cov_74.50%,0.110408,0.013202,0.056568,0.01938,0.006463,-0.000558,0.014571,0.011769,0.001432,0.00164,-0.004547,0.002248,-0.00446,-0.005092,-0.0057,0.005701,0.020079,-0.000127,0.003897,0.011506,-0.007612,-0.004575,-0.006162,-0.006748,-0.001078

Hungary_Zalavár_LateAvar:AHS18__AD_875__Cov_70.46%,0.125205,0.132019,0.076555,0.062016,0.039392,0.019243,0.010105,0.016384,0.004295,-0.009476,-0.003085,-0.009292,0.00996,0.01445,-0.011401,-0.000663,0.016298,-0.003041,0.003017,-0.006003,-0.009733,-0.004081,0.008751,-0.008555,-0.006227

Hungary_Zalavár_LateAvar:AHS19__AD_875__Cov_71.90%,0.127482,0.131003,0.035826,0.021641,0.030159,0.006414,0.001645,0.008538,0.001636,-0.003827,0.003085,-0.005695,0.007284,0.014038,-0.012893,0.007027,0.009518,0.001774,0.006285,0.0005,-0.002246,-0.000618,0.011709,0.005302,-0.001796

Hungary_Zalavár_LateAvar:AHS21__AD_883__Cov_72.14%,0.085367,-0.114755,0.061848,0.046512,-0.05601,-0.00753,0.01081,0.011538,-0.0045,-0.019317,0.020786,-0.004196,0.008474,-0.036057,-0.004479,-0.00358,-0.005215,0.001774,0.006536,-0.005378,-0.001497,0.00272,0.009613,0.000482,-0.002155

Hungary_Zalavár_LateAvar:AHS22__AD_875__Cov_67.67%,0.126344,0.12491,0.056568,0.043928,0.038469,0.018686,0.006345,0.019153,-0.001227,-0.009294,-0.00341,0.001049,0.00669,0.026011,-0.005836,0.000398,0.003912,0.006334,0.006788,0.003252,-0.005989,-0.004451,0.004314,-0.004097,0.001317

Hungary_Zalavár_LateAvar:AHS23__AD_875__Cov_69.85%,0.127482,0.137096,0.064111,0.049742,0.041854,0.01506,0.00893,0.014076,-0.000818,-0.010023,-0.002598,-0.004046,0.005203,0.024772,-0.014386,-0.008486,-0.00352,0.001267,0.003897,-0.006378,-0.011729,0.001731,0.000246,-0.007471,0.000479

Hungary_Zalavár_LateAvar:AHS29__AD_875__Cov_70.65%,0.133173,0.138112,0.064865,0.065569,0.03693,0.023148,0.01081,0.017307,-0.008795,-0.021686,0.001786,-0.000749,0.006838,0.016239,-0.006243,-0.002254,0.008345,0.000253,0.006536,0.005628,-0.007112,0.002102,0.003697,-0.004338,-0.004071

Hungary_Zalavár_LateAvar:AHS32__AD_875__Cov_61.31%,0.124067,0.131003,0.047894,0.020995,0.032006,0.01004,0.00094,0.003,0.0045,0.00893,-0.002436,0.002398,-0.005203,-0.004679,0.006243,-0.000265,-0.007302,0.003041,0.003645,0.005503,0.00025,0.009892,-0.0053,0.003374,-0.000599

Hungary_Zalavár_Medieval:AHS41__AD_1100__Cov_73.89%,0.114961,0.106631,0.041106,0.015181,0.02462,0.005578,0.00329,0.008538,0.002863,0.002187,-0.003897,0.002997,-0.003568,0.001239,0.004072,0.007558,0.000782,-0.003801,-0.004902,-0.004502,-0.000998,-0.006183,-0.003574,0.003976,-0.002395

Hungary_Zalavár_EarlyHungarian:AHS50__AD_950__Cov_68.64%,0.134311,0.129988,0.057322,0.044897,0.035083,0.014223,0.004935,0.007615,-0.003477,-0.013303,0.00065,-0.005395,0.011001,0.015551,-0.01045,-0.00053,0.002738,-0.004307,0.002388,-0.002626,-0.012478,-0.010758,0.003697,0.009278,-0.011017

Hungary_Zalavár_Medieval:AHS54__AD_1100__Cov_76.02%,0.124067,0.128972,0.038466,0.016473,0.029236,0.003626,0.000705,0.008538,0.008999,0.00492,0.00406,-0.0003,-0.005649,0.004542,-0.002307,-0.009149,-0.007171,0.00076,-0.000126,0.003252,0.003868,0.000247,-0.003081,0.00494,-0.001078

Hungary_Zalavár_Medieval:AHS56__AD_1100__Cov_78.19%,0.129758,0.138112,0.058077,0.057817,0.03416,0.018407,0.003525,0.006692,0.000205,-0.015672,-0.002923,-0.01094,0.013379,0.01913,-0.002579,0.020419,0.027902,-0.00152,-0.00088,0.006253,0,0.000742,0.007518,-0.00494,0.002036

Hungary_Zalavár_Medieval:AHS58__AD_1100__Cov_75.03%,0.125205,0.105615,0.036204,0.013566,0.019696,0.010319,0.00141,0.000692,0.00634,0.006743,0.003897,0.004196,-0.003122,-0.003165,-0.000136,-0.007027,-0.001565,-0.000253,0.004274,-0.002251,-0.004492,-0.002349,0.000123,0.005181,0.001197

Hungary_Zalavár_Medieval:AHS68__AD_1100__Cov_71.28%,0.134311,0.132019,0.05242,0.036176,0.028928,0.01757,0.006815,0.01523,0.001841,-0.008018,-0.006658,-0.007343,0.013231,0.013349,-0.013165,0.001856,0.011604,-0.002154,0.009553,-0.002001,-0.004742,-0.001607,0.007395,-0.002048,-0.002634

Hungary_LittleHungarianPlain_LateAvar:KBS03__AD_850__Cov_79.44%,0.136588,0.123895,0.064865,0.063308,0.039392,0.026774,0.004935,0.013615,0.002863,-0.02278,-0.001786,-0.009442,0.011447,0.025185,-0.00475,-0.009679,-0.01017,0.000127,0.004274,0.000625,-0.001872,-0.012118,0.012325,-0.003735,0.000479

Hungary_LittleHungarianPlain_LateAvar:KBS04__AD_850__Cov_78.92%,0.126344,0.1046,0.039221,0.004199,0.023389,0.001952,0.000235,0.009,0.002659,-0.004009,-0.003573,-0.001349,-0.005203,0.012386,-0.008958,-0.009414,-0.002999,-0.001647,0.008045,-0.002251,-0.008735,-0.001113,0,0.001446,-0.006466

Hungary_LittleHungarianPlain_LateAvar:KBS05__AD_850__Cov_81.64%,0.129758,0.13405,0.053174,0.032946,0.038469,0.012829,-0.00329,0.006692,0.007567,-0.004374,-0.001461,-0.007044,0.001933,0.012248,-0.006379,-0.007955,-0.002999,0.002154,0.003394,-0.00075,0.000998,0.003215,0.007395,-0.000723,0.001437

Hungary_LittleHungarianPlain_LateAvar:KBS12__AD_850__Cov_10.48%,0.133173,0.129988,0.052043,0.059755,0.037545,0.028726,0.011986,-0.002538,0.008385,-0.017859,0.013803,0.005545,0.023042,0.017891,-0.000543,0.00305,0.004563,0.010515,0.009302,0.006003,-0.000998,-0.00371,0.004807,-0.006627,-0.013053

Hungary_LittleHungarianPlain_LateAvar:KBS13__AD_850__Cov_71.88%,0.126344,0.142174,0.043746,0.043282,0.037853,0.013108,0.00705,0.002769,0.014726,-0.006378,0.009419,-0.0003,0.010406,0.007844,-0.000543,-0.010607,-0.013169,-0.001014,-0.001006,-0.004877,-0.001373,0.002597,0.000616,-0.003856,-0.001317

Hungary_LittleHungarianPlain_LateAvar:KBS14__AD_850__Cov_74.27%,0.129758,0.137096,0.064865,0.047158,0.041854,0.013945,0.00094,0.006692,0.004295,-0.015855,-0.002761,-0.003147,0.013825,0.029314,-0.011265,-0.008088,-0.009388,0.002407,0.012067,-0.011255,-0.008111,-0.009274,0.002711,0.002651,-0.000479

Hungary_LittleHungarianPlain_EarlyHungarian:KBS18__AD_1000__Cov_66.51%,0.112685,0.051792,0.046763,0.029393,0.008001,0.001116,0.012456,0.006,-0.008999,-0.017312,0.002761,-0.001049,0.011447,0.000275,-0.004343,0.005967,0.004433,-0.002027,-0.000251,-0.00988,-0.004118,-0.000989,0.00037,-0.002169,-0.004071

Hungary_LittleHungarianPlain_EarlyHungarian:KBS19__AD_1000__Cov_74.53%,0.106994,0.040621,0.041483,-0.002584,0.008309,-0.004183,0.00752,0.002308,0.004295,0.005103,-0.005196,-0.002997,-0.002825,-0.004817,-0.0019,-0.011933,-0.022426,0.002407,0.003017,0.004877,-0.008859,0.003339,0,-0.011447,-0.006706

Hungary_LittleHungarianPlain_EarlyHungarian:KBS20__AD_1000__Cov_72.25%,0.118376,0.14319,0.048649,0.020026,0.0397,0.000558,0.00141,0.006,0.013703,0.020775,0.002436,0.007493,-0.011001,0.003853,0.006786,-0.00716,-0.02034,0.00228,-0.004399,-0.013131,0.001497,-0.010016,-0.003574,0.005302,-0.002874

Hungary_LittleHungarianPlain_EarlyHungarian:KBS21__AD_1000__Cov_67.43%,0.097888,0.002031,0.039598,0.01938,-0.017542,-0.002231,0.00235,0.000692,-0.018612,-0.01057,-0.002111,0.001349,-0.008028,0.004954,0.000407,-0.006895,0.002347,-0.002534,0,0.013131,-0.006738,0.002597,0.005669,-0.001807,0.000479

Hungary_LittleHungarianPlain_EarlyHungarian:KBS26__AD_1000__Cov_77.81%,0.125205,0.137096,0.038466,0.028747,0.018773,0.015339,0.003525,0.010153,-0.003681,-0.014579,0.009094,0.001798,0.005946,0.009221,-0.009365,0.014585,0.012517,-0.003041,0.003142,0.003126,-0.008735,-0.005441,-0.00037,-0.000482,-0.000838

Hungary_LittleHungarianPlain_EarlyHungarian:KBS27__AD_1000__Cov_76.08%,0.122929,0.122879,0.047517,0.028101,0.027082,0.009203,0.00094,0.008307,0.004909,-0.001276,-0.002436,-0.005395,0.000595,0.013349,-0.000814,-0.002254,0.006128,0.002914,0.002514,0.001501,0.004118,0.002226,-0.002711,-0.001928,-0.002634

Hungary_LittleHungarianPlain_EarlyHungarian:KBS28__AD_1000__Cov_83.23%,0.136588,0.126941,0.063733,0.052326,0.036007,0.022032,0.00987,0.016384,0.001636,-0.011663,-0.002923,-0.003597,0.004311,0.025185,-0.002714,-0.000796,-0.007953,-0.00038,0.001131,0,0.00287,-0.007666,0.000493,-0.002048,0.000359

Hungary_Visegrád_Medieval:LAHPS74__AD_1050__Cov_57.67%,0.12862,0.142174,0.055437,0.017765,0.042469,0.008925,-0.00658,0.007615,0.00634,0.006378,-0.010393,0.004796,-0.001933,-0.004266,0.006107,-0.015115,-0.014733,-0.000633,0.003771,0.000875,0.004617,-0.006554,-0.006286,0.004699,-0.004431

Hungary_Visegrád_Medieval:LAHPS75__AD_1050__Cov_59.87%,0.130897,0.123895,0.059962,0.062016,0.050471,0.016176,0.000235,0.004384,0.009817,-0.011481,-0.002761,-0.005545,0.009217,0.012524,-0.003936,0.00053,0.001825,-0.003041,0.004651,0.002001,-0.00262,-0.00507,0.003697,0.00241,-0.000359

Russia_KusnarenkovoKarajakupovo_Medieval:MS20/Uyelgi21__AD_850__Cov_78.57%,0.093335,-0.141159,0.081835,0.059109,-0.068628,-0.015618,0.004465,0.011538,-0.00634,-0.033349,0.023059,-0.004646,0.015461,-0.053398,-0.008415,-0.003447,0.001565,-0.010642,-0.007542,-0.012881,-0.01123,0.012984,0.001602,0.005181,-0.006107