Here is an itemised list of the resources and references that I have explored to on my Hordweard journey. I do hope they serve you as well as they have served me. Thank you to all of the creators for sharing their research! None of this would be possible without your hard work.
Elena's threads (n.d.). Washing with urine. Retrieved from https://sites.google.com/site/elenasthreads/card-weaving/tegle-recreation/washing-with-urine
Super informative and written by another SCAdian, Lady Elena Hylton. Somehow, made the entire process of collecting, aging and submerging my Christmas fleece into urine much more appealing!
Mistress Álfrún ketta of Akeru Thunder (A Wandering Elf). (2014, November 12). Experiments with cleaning wool. Retrieved from http://awanderingelf.weebly.com/blog-my-journey/experiments-with-cleaning-wool
Vidars Horde. (2020). Wool combs in the Viking Age - the evidence. Retrieved from https://vidars-horde.de/en/a-for-articles/wool-combs-in-the-viking-age-the-evidence
Comprehensive breakdown of the Viking Age wool comb finds in Scandinavia. Nice reference list but limited images for the visual learner.
Krudwig, B. (2019, January). A beginners guide to spinning on a drop spindle. Retrieved from https://schachtspindle.com/a-beginners-guide-to-spinning-on-a-drop-spindle/
Very easy to follow overview of drop spindle techniques.
Manxhall. (2015, October 7). Dressing and drafting with the hand distaff. Retrieved from https://hersheyfiberarts.wordpress.com/2015/10/07/dressing-and-drafting-with-the-hand-distaff/
Highly recommend reading through this tutorial exploring different ways to dress your hand distaff. A little bit different from my first couple of approaches but with great tips and tricks. An excellent guide from another SCAdian!
Missingspindle (2015, February 17). Handling the hand distaff. Retrieved from https://missingspindle.blogspot.com/2015/02/handling-hand-distaff-dressing-wool.html
Photo's a-plenty! A lovely walkthrough to show you one way how to dress a Oseberg style hand distaff. Very easy to follow and some great advice for those new to the splendours of distaves.
Mistress Oda Wlslagre dicta Widoeghe (2015, October 12). Tips for spinning for weaving. Retrieved form http://medievalthreads.blogspot.com/2015/10/tips-for-spinning-for-weaving.html
An amazing resource created by an elevated and incredibly talented SCAdian about spinning yarn specifically for the purpose of weaving.
Siobhan nic Dhuinnshleibhe (n.d.). "So what's the deal with this worsted vs. woolen thing?". Retrieved from http://kws.atlantia.sca.org/Woolen_vs_Worsted_Explained.pdf
Life saver of an explanation! A must read for those new to hand spinning and historical fibre crafts. Basic and highly applicable information presented in a very straightforward way.
Ewing, T. (2007). Viking Clothing. Stroud, Gloucestershire: The History Press.
An indepth look at clothing and textile traditions in Viking Age Scandinavia. Ewing discusses a wealth of information and speculations surrounding textile traditions from many significant sites.
Guckelsberger, M. (2012). Harðsnúin fræði. Spinning and weaving in Viking times and its use in seiðr. Retrieved from https://www.academia.edu/6984545/Har%C3%B0sn%C3%BAin_fr%C3%A6%C3%B0i._Spinning_and_weaving_in_Viking_times_and_its_use_in_sei%C3%B0r
An interesting perspective on the importance of textile production in the the Viking Age Scandinavia. Specific focus on the domestic ritualism of fibre crafts and their cultural significance.
Klessig, B. K. (2015). Textile production tools from Viking Age graves in Gotland, Sweden. Retrieved from https://www.academia.edu/20384534/Textile_Production_Tools_from_Viking_Age_Graves_in_Gotland_Sweden
Extensive research paper exploring the history of cloth production in Gotland, Sweden. Klessig investigates a number of Viking graves from all over Scandinavia, drawing similarities and comparisons with a vast number of significant sites. Klessig's analysis and findings are heavily informed by Lena Thunmark-Nylén’s Der Wikingerzeit Gotlands (1996-2006).
Petersen, J. (1951). Vikingtidens redskaper (Viking Age Tools). Olso. Retrieved from https://urn.nb.no/URN:NBN:no-nb_digibok_2008112403007
Lewins, S. (2003). The partly-completed tablet weaving from the Oseberg Ship burial. Retrieved from https://www.shelaghlewins.com/tablet_weaving/Oseberg_tablet/Oseberg_tablet.htm
Brief analysis and investigation of the tools and textile remnants from the Oseberg Ship burial. Lots of information, clear diagrams and some great photos from inside the exhibition at the Viking Ship Museum in Oslo.
Spindle and Wheel (2014). Viking age tools and techniques. Retrieved form http://www.spindleandwheel.com/index.php/september2007/102-viking
A widely accessible summary of working with wool in the Viking Age.
Stirling, L. and Milek, K. (2016). Woven cultures : new insights into Pictish and Viking culture contact using the implements of textile production, Medieval archaeology, 59 (1), pp. 47-72. Retrieved from http://dro.dur.ac.uk/25005/1/25005.pdf?DDD6+DDO65+stxn73
Thorin, I. (2012). Weighing the evidence: Determining and contrasting the characteristics and functionality of loom weights and spindle whorls from the garrison at Birka (master's thesis). Stockholm University, Sweden. Retrieved from http://www.diva-portal.org/smash/get/diva2:601626/fulltext01.pdf
Excellent discussion surrounding the loom weights and whorls found at this specific site at Birka. Thorin catalogues and analyses the fragments in a cultural context that is usually evacuated from discussions about textile production. It's really refreshing to read about these fragments as singularly significant, rather than gleaming their importance from statistics or tables of information.
Last Updated 21 January 2020