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Civil Law

Branch of Law that treats the personal and family relations of a person, his property and successional rights, and the effects of obligation and contracts. "Civil" is derived from the Latin "civiles", a citizen. Originally, the word pertained to a member of "civitas" or a free political community 

Commercial Law

A broad concept that describes the Substantive Law that governs transactions between business entities, with the exception of maritime transportation of goods (regulated by Admiralty and Maritime Law). Commercial law includes all aspects of business, including advertising and marketing, collections and Bankruptcy, banking, contracts, negotiable instruments, Secured Transactions, and trade in general. It covers both domestic and foreign trade; it also regulates trade between states. 

Criminal Law

Is defined as that branch or division of public law which defines crimes, treats of their nature, and provides for their punishment. 

The sources of criminal law in the Philippines are: 1) The Revised Penal Code (RA 3815) and its amendments; 2) Republic Acts; 3) Presidential Decrees, and 4) other Special Penal laws passed by the Philippine Commission, Philippine Assembly, Philippine Legislature, National Assembly, the Congress of the Philippines, and the Batasang Pambansa.

Labor Law and Social Legislation

Labor legislation refers to laws, statutes, rules, regulations and jurisprudence which set employment standards and govern the relations between capital and labor. Its purpose is to breathe life into the protection-to-labor clause of the Constitution (Section 3, Article XIII, 1987 Constitution) by affording protection to labor, promoting full employment, ensuring equal work opportunities regardless of sex, race or creed, regulating the relations between workers and employers and assuring that the rights of workers to self-organization, collective bargaining, security of tenure, and just and humane conditions of work are amply protected. (Article 3, Labor Code). 

Environmental Law

Involves a series of laws, policies and procedures enforced by various agencies with the goal of protecting the environment. Environmental law often overlaps other laws to act as an extra layer of legal protection.  It  establishes protection for our scarce natural resources and natural surroundings, like land, air and water. 

Legal and Judicial Ethics

Is a branch of moral science, which treats of the duties which an attorney owes to the court, to the client, to his colleagues in the profession and to the public as embodied in the Constitution, Rules of Court, the Code of Professional Responsibility, Canons of Professional Ethics, jurisprudence, moral laws and special laws. 

Political Law

That branch of public law which deals with the organi­zation and operation of the government organs of the state and defines the relations of the state with the inhabitants of its territory. - Macariola v Asuncion, 114 SCRA 77 (1982)

 Political law has been defined as that branch of public law w/c deals w/ the organization and operation of the governmental organs of the State and defines the relations of the state w/ the inhabitants of its territory. 

International Law

International law, also called public international law or law of nations, the body of legal rules, norms, and standards that apply between sovereign states and other entities that are legally recognized as international actors.

Remedial Law

Is that branch of law which prescribes the method of enforcing the rights for obtaining redress for their invasion.

Remedial laws are implemented in our system of government through the pillars of the judicial system, including the prosecutory service, our courts of justice and quasi judicial agencies.

Taxation Law

Tax law in the Philippines covers national and local taxes.  National taxes refer to national internal revenue taxes imposed and collected by the national government through the Bureau of Internal Revenue (BIR) and local taxes refer to those imposed and collected by the local government.