Any planning begins with an assessment of the availability of resources. The second step will be to calculate the necessary resources. Before the era of economic cybernetics, the first two steps were carried out manually. The collection of necessary information was based on statistical reporting. This led to unreliability and irrelevance of the information collected. Building a cross-sectoral balance on unreliable and irrelevant information devalued its value for evaluation and calculation. That is why the cross-sectoral balances necessary in strategic planning are not applied in the practice of public administration, if they are based on an outdated method.
Embedded Files
The transition to the collection of cross-industry information based on accounting, as opposed to real-time accounting, for the first time allows you to structure a complete, reliable, up-to-date and detailed cross-industry balance sheet.
Order of the Government of October 22, 2021 No. 2998-r Strategic direction in the field of digital transformation of public administration; Order of the Government of February 14, 2009 No. 201-r.; Order of the Federal Tax Service of Russia dated 04.03.2015 No. MMV-7-6/93 @ "On Approval of Invoice Formats, Journal of Received and Issued Invoices, Purchase Books and Sales Books, Additional Purchase Book and Sales Book Sheets in Electronic Form," etc. Orders of the Federal Tax Service of Russia.
Our team has developed unique solutions and agreed with the Government in Order No. 2998-r. Further development supplemented the Collection System with the Open Classifier System.
INSTITUTIONALIZATION OF THE IDEA
CROSS-INDUSTRY BALANCE PRACTICE
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The system of electronic document management operators is defined:
By order of the Federal Tax Service of Russia dated 08.06.2021 No. ED-7-26/546 @ "On Approval of Requirements for the Electronic Document Management Operator."
By order of the Federal Tax Service of Russia dated 29.10.2021 No. ED-7-26/936 @ "On Approval of the Regulation on the Register of Electronic Document Management Operators."
GUIDELINES
on the development and adjustment of the long-term forecast of the socio-economic development of the Russian Federation
extract from the document
I General Provisions
1. These methodological recommendations were developed in accordance with paragraph 4 of the Rules for the development, adjustment, monitoring and control of the implementation of the forecast of socio-economic development of the Russian Federation for the long-term period, approved by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of November 11, 2015 No. 1218 "On the procedure for the development, adjustment, monitoring and control of the implementation of the forecast of socio-economic development of the Russian Federation for the long-term period" (hereinafter referred to as the Rules), in order to methodically support the activities of federal executive bodies and executive bodies of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation and other participants in strategic planning for the preparation and presentation of materials necessary for the development of a long-term forecast of the socio-economic development of the Russian Federation (hereinafter referred to as the forecast). [...]
[...] 35. One of the main principles of the development and justification of the forecast is to ensure its balance in the main areas:
"demand - supply," "resources - production"; "prices - revenues - demand." To this end, we recommend that you develop the balances that form the long-term forecast balance sheet system:
# Balance labor or labor resources. fuel and energy balance of the Russian Federation;
# system of natural balances by main types of products (according to the established nomenclature);
# balance of investments in fixed assets by sectors of economy and sources of financing;
# balance of money income and expenses of the population;
# balances of revenues and expenditures of the budget system, with the allocation of the federal budget, the consolidated budget of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, extrabudgetary funds;
# Balance of payments;
# system of consolidated national accounts and accounts of institutional sectors of the economy;
# system of input-output tables (including usage tables for domestic and imported products).
It is also recommended to develop balance sheets of fixed assets (fixed assets) at replacement value; balances of production capacities of industrial activities.
To ensure a balanced multisectoral forecast, it is recommended to use a model tool based on
on the system of tables "cost-output," - an intersectoral model (the general principle of construction of which is described in Appendix 4 to these methodological recommendations). [...]
Appendix No. 4
[...] There are three groups of methods that are used in the forecast development process:
expert methods;
methods of feasibility studies and balance-sheet calculations;
modeling methods, primarily economic and mathematical.
[The dynamic cross-industry balance model provides all three methods in full if built on real-time primary information generation and collection systems.]
[...] The methods of balance-sheet calculations complement the methods of feasibility studies taking into account balance-sheet relationships (identities) between predicted components. The system of national accounts (currently SNS-2008) is a model of a system of balance sheet relationships and at the same time a methodological basis for linking the system of macroeconomic indicators. [SNS-2008 directly linked on cost-release tables]
[...] Greater opportunities for these purposes create more complex structural and general equilibrium models. A significant information base for the use of these models at the current stage is created by the publication of detailed cost-output tables, which were prepared by Rosstat on the basis of the 2012 economic survey according to 2011 data.
Static models of cross-industry balance, built on the basis of cost-output tables, are calculated in customer prices and main prices, the latter in current year prices and previous year prices.
The static model calculated in the prices of the previous year is used to assess the demand for the products of industries based on the final demand of the economy, in order to pre-balance proposals for releases and final demand, analyze the import matrix, identify critical positions on import dependence and import substitution and solve other problems. [...]
ACTION PLAN | EXECUTIVE ORDER 2998-R
The government act laid the foundations for the implementation of the ideas of economic cybernetics in the practice of state strategic planning and management.
In order to implement the Federal Law of 20.06.2014 No. 172-FZ "On Strategic Planning," the Federation Council developed recommendations for heads and governments of the regions on the use of intersectoral balances in the development of strategic development plans.
GOVERNMENT OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION. ORDER
dated February 14, 2009 No. 201-r
1. Rosstat:
a) in order to form official statistical information on inter-sectoral relations and structural proportions of the economy of the Russian Federation, as well as improve the quality of statistical and forecast calculations of macroeconomic indicators:
develop basic cost-output tables for 2011 and submit them to the Government of the Russian Federation in 2015;
develop basic cost-release tables on a regular basis 1 once every 5 years;
b) in order to provide informational support for the development of basic tables "costs - release" to carry out:
in the second quarter of 2011 (at the end of 2010) - continuous federal statistical monitoring of the activities of small and medium-sized businesses (hereinafter - continuous monitoring);
in the second quarter of 2012 (at the end of 2011) - selective federal statistical monitoring of the costs of production and (or) sale of goods (works, services) and the results of business entities (hereinafter referred to as selective monitoring).
2. The Ministry of Economic Development of Russia by December 1, 2009 to approve:
a) a program of work for conducting continuous observation and selective observation, which includes the procedure for interaction of federal executive bodies with the Bank of Russia, the Pension Fund of the Russian Federation, scientific, public and other organizations;
b) composition of information required for construction of basic tables "cost - output."
3. By September 1, 2010, the Federal Tax Service of Russia must submit to Rosstat a list of taxpayers who submit tax reports (legal entities and individual entrepreneurs engaged in entrepreneurial activities without forming a legal entity).
4. The Federal Tax Service of Russia, the Federal Customs Service of Russia and the Treasury of Russia by September 1, 2012 submit to Rosstat the information necessary to build the basic tables "costs - output."
5. The Federal Tax Service of Russia and the Federal Customs Service of Russia to ensure the formation of information necessary to build basic tables "costs - output" at the expense of the federal budget allocations for the corresponding fiscal year provided for by Rosstat under the subsection "Other national issues" of the section "National issues" of the classification of budget expenditures for statistical surveys and censuses transferred by Rosstat to these services in accordance with the established procedure.
6. The federal executive authorities shall assist Rosstat within their competence in organizing and conducting continuous observation and selective observation.
7. Recommend the executive authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation and local self-government bodies to assist within their competence the territorial bodies of Rosstat in organizing and conducting continuous observation and selective observation.
Chairman of the Government of the Russian Federation
V. PUTIN
Protocol of the Federation Council Committee on Economic Policy of 25.06.2019 No. 181.
Protocol of the Federation Council Committee on Economic Policy of 25.06.2019 No. 181.
Regarding the rationale for organizing the development of strategic plans based on cross-sectoral balances
Decree of the President of the Russian Federation dated May 7, 2012 No. 596 "On Long-Term State Economic Policy" Clause 7 - Prepare and submit to the State Duma of the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation a draft federal law (F3) on state strategic planning, providing for the coordination of strategic management and budgetary policy measures;
Further decrees on the basis of Decree No. 596, p7.
Decree of the President of the Russian Federation dated May 7, 2018 No. 204 "On national goals and strategic objectives of the development of the Russian Federation for the period up to 2024" within the framework of the agreed tasks by Decree of the President of the Russian Federation dated July 21, 2020 No. 474 in terms of social and economic development of the regions; regional experience in the formation of economic development strategies; resource-based planning support.
FEDERATION COUNCIL
Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation
"Implementation of the Federal Law" On Strategic Planning in the Russian Federation "in the constituent entities of the Russian Federation"
May 28, 2019
First Deputy Chairman of the Federation Council Committee on Economic Policy Sergei Kalashnikov held parliamentary hearings on the topic "Implementation of the Federal Law" On Strategic Planning in the Russian Federation "in the constituent entities of the Russian Federation."
The event discussed the implementation of the Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of May 7, 2018 No. 204 in terms of socio-economic development of regions, regional experience in forming economic development strategies; resource-based planning support.
RECOMMENDATIONS
Approved at a meeting of the Federation Council Committee on Economic Policy on June 25, 2019 (Protocol No. 181)
Participants in the parliamentary hearings held by the Federation Council Committee on Economic Policy note the following. The continuous complication of the economy as an object of management led to the need to create a system of state strategic planning - decisions in the economic, technological, defense, social spheres acquire a long-term strategic character, require expanding the period of state forecasting and planning, balancing the planned measures on the resource and organizational capabilities of the economy, as well as establishing long-term guidelines.
Federal Law of June 28, 2014 No. 172-FZ "On Strategic Planning in the Russian Federation" (hereinafter referred to as the Federal Law) is the main link in the regulatory legal framework of the strategic circuit for regulating the socio economic development of the country. The legal foundations for strategic planning in the Russian Federation, coordination of state and municipal strategic management and budgetary policy, the powers of federal state authorities, state authorities of the constituent entities of the Federation, and local self-government bodies have been established.
According to the Federal Law, strategic planning in the Russian Federation is carried out at the federal level, the level of constituent entities of the Russian Federation and the level of municipalities. The legal regulation of strategic planning is carried out, including in accordance with the laws and other regulatory legal acts of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation.
To date, a regional regulatory legal framework has been formed that establishes requirements for strategic planning documents of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation. In each subject, laws "On strategic planning" of the subject were adopted, procedures for the development, adjustment, monitoring and control of the implementation of socio-economic development strategies were approved, socio-economic development strategies for the long term were adopted and action plans for their implementation were developed, medium-term and long-term forecasts of socio-economic development were approved, the procedure for the development and approval of the budget forecast was established, territorial planning schemes were approved. A significant innovation in the practice of public administration was the consolidation by the Federal Law of Spatial Strategy as an integral component of the strategic planning system in order to improve the spatial structure of the economy. On February 13, 2019, by order of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 207-r, the Spatial Development Strategy of the Russian Federation for the period up to 2025 was approved, aimed at reducing gaps in the socio-economic development of various constituent entities of the Russian Federation.
Meanwhile, today strategic state planning is characterized as fragmentary, in the process of development. In general, the strategic planning system has not been formed, and therefore the state authorities of the entities face problems that require a solution at the federal level.
The current various state planning documents (strategies, concepts, programs) are not sufficiently interconnected and coordinated, there is no single state planning body.
At the legislative level, the place of national goals and projects in the system of strategic planning documents has not been determined, their role as a strategic planning tool (document) has not been disclosed. As a result, the strategic planning system loses its comprehensive character, and the interrelation of national projects with government programs and other strategic planning documents is insufficient.
The main obstacles include the imperfection of the methodological and organizational base for managing these processes, the problems of realism in assessing the achievement of the goals set in the strategic planning documents, there are discrepancies in determining the time planning horizon, the lack of assessment of the necessary resources, and the problems of organizing expert work on the development of strategic planning documents due to the lack of the necessary qualifications of the management staff.
There are difficulties associated with achieving the values of indicators of socio-economic development of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, and the cumbersome nature of the multi-level monitoring system for the implementation of national, federal and regional projects formed to date.
It is difficult for the activities of the executive bodies of state power of the subjects to have no strategic planning documents at the federal level (strategy for socio-economic development of the Russian Federation, strategic forecast of the Russian Federation), hierarchical consistency of documents, a unified plan for developing strategic planning documents at the federal and regional levels, as well as insufficient information support for the development of these documents.
Documents are characterized by industry isolation, lack of strategic guidelines for business and regions, practically not used in the process of development and decision-making. There is not always a relationship between strategic objectives and the budget process.
In this regard, special attention should be paid to the formation of a unified system of strategic planning, which will solve the entire range of tasks of the country's development and national security, ensure the interconnection of long-term goals of strategies and government programs, as well as resources for their implementation.
In connection with the above, the participants in the parliamentary hearings recommend:
1. Government of the Russian Federation:
1.1 to ensure, in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation, the development and adoption of a strategy for the socio-economic development of the Russian Federation and other fundamental strategic planning documents at the federal level, the level of constituent entities of the Russian Federation and the level of municipalities, based on the determination of strategic planning horizons for the period up to 2035;
1.2 Create a single interconnected system of strategic planning;
1.3 ensure the optimization of the reporting system of federal executive bodies and constituent entities of the Russian Federation on the implementation of strategic planning documents;
1.4 consider the feasibility of creating a single methodological document establishing the hierarchy and connectivity of goals, objectives, priorities of strategic planning documents, as well as the unity of indicators (target indicators) of strategic planning documents;
1.5 to increase the informativeness of the section of forecasts on the socio-economic development of the Russian Federation devoted to the socio-economic development of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation by reflecting the assessment of the degree of achievement of the planned goals and objectives in connection with other strategic planning documents;
1.6 To continue the improvement of the federal state automated information system "Management" in terms of registration of strategic planning documents developed as part of forecasting at the regional and municipal levels, as well as monitoring and control of the implementation of these documents;
1.7 provide conditions for additional vocational education of federal state civil servants and municipal employees in order to provide federal executive bodies, executive bodies of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, local self-government bodies with qualified personnel in the field of strategic planning, ready to participate in the digital transformation of the public administration system;
1.8 Consider the establishment of an interdepartmental body with the authority to coordinate the development and implementation of a system of strategic planning documents;
1.9 Send information to the Chambers of the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation on the results of the implementation of the Federal Law of June 28, 2014 No. 172-FZ "On Strategic Planning in the Russian Federation" for the purpose of discussing them in February 2020;
1.10 consider the issue and submit legislative proposals to ensure the coordination of decisions on strategic planning throughout the territory of the constituent entity of the Federation, taking into account the independence of municipalities;
1.11 Consider the possibility of allocating to a special category breakthrough projects of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation and targeted transfers for the implementation of these projects.
2. The Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation together with the Russian Academy of Sciences:
2.1 To develop proposals for improving the scientific support for the development of strategic planning documents of the Russian Federation.
3. The Federation Council Committee on Economic Policy:
3.1 Hold a meeting on the plan for the implementation of the concept of spatial development of the Russian Federation with the invitation of the Ministry of Economic Development of Russia and the Ministry of Finance of Russia;
3.2 Hold parliamentary hearings on the integration of vertically integrated economic structures into the strategy for the socio-economic development of the region;
3.3 Initiate the creation together with the deputies of the State Duma of a working group on the development of amendments to the legislation of the Russian Federation that eliminate contradictions of the provisions of the Federal Law of October 6, 2003. No. 131-FZ "On General Principles of Organization of Local Self-Government in the Russian Federation" and Federal Law of June 28, 2014 No. 172-FZ "On Strategic Planning in the Russian Federation."
4. Send these recommendations to the State Duma of the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation, the Government of the Russian Federation, state authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation.
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