1. Martha Washington 1789-1797
2. Abigail Adams 1797-1801
3. Martha Jefferson Randolph 1802-1803 & 1805-1806 (as White House Hostess)
4. Dolley Madison 1809-1817
5. Elizabeth Monroe 1817-1825
6. Louisa Adams 1825-1829
7. Emily Donelson & Sarah Yorke Jackson 1829-1837 (as White House Hostesses)
8. Angelica Van Buren 1838-1841 (as White House Hostess)
9. Anna & Jane Harrison 1841 (see note)
10. Letitia, Priscilla Cooper, & Julia Tyler 1841-1845 (see note)
11. Sarah Polk 1845-1849
12. Margaret Taylor 1849-1850
13. Abigail Powers Fillmore 1850-1853
14. Jane Pierce 1853-1857
15. Harriet Lane 1857-1861 (as White House Hostess)
16. Mary Lincoln 1861-1865
17. Eliza Johnson & Martha Johnson Patterson 1865-1869 (see note)
18. Julia Grant 1869-1877
19. Lucy Hayes 1877-1881
20. Lucretia Garfield 1881
21. Mary Arthur McElroy 1881-1885 (as White House Hostess)
22. Rose & Frances Cleveland 1885-1889 (see note)
23. Caroline Harrison 1889-1893
24. Frances Cleveland 1893-1897
25. Ida McKinley 1897-1901
26. Edith Roosevelt 1901-1909
27. Helen Taft 1909-1913
28. Ellen & Edith Wilson 1913-1914 & 1915-1921 (see note)
29. Florence Harding 1921-1923
30. Grace Coolidge 1923-1929
31. Lou Hoover 1929-1933
32. Eleanor Roosevelt 1933-1945
33. Elizabeth Truman 1945-1953
34. Mamie Eisenhower 1953-1961
35. Jacqueline Kennedy 1961-1963
36. Claudia Johnson 1963-1969
37. Patricia Nixon 1969-1974
38. Betty Ford 1974-1977
39. Rosalynn Carter 1977-1981
40. Nancy Reagan 1981-1989
41. Barbara Bush 1989-1993
42. Hillary Clinton 1993-2001
43. Laura Bush 2001-2009
44. Michelle Obama 2009-2017
45. Melania Trump 2017-2021
46. Jill Biden 2021-Present
Below you will find C-SPAN Classroom content for each of the First Ladies and White House Hostesses that served during the tenures of the 46 U.S. Presidents. Resources include biographies from the newly developed C-SPAN's American Presidents Website as well as C-SPAN Classroom content that explore the lives and legacies of these individuals. For additional resources on the executive branch and the role of the president visit our Executive Branch Resources page.
1. Martha Washington (1789-1797)
Bell Ringer: First Lady Martha Washington and the New Republic (2:43)
Bell Ringer: First Lady Martha Washington (1:38)
Bell Ringer: First Lady Martha Washington and the Role of First Lady (1:30)
Bell Ringer: First Lady Martha Washington and Slavery (1:03)
2. Abigail Adams (1797-1801)
Bell Ringer: Abigail Adams and the Revolutionary War (3:35)
3. Martha Jefferson Randolph (1802-1803 & 1805-1806)
NOTE: Thomas Jefferson's wife, Martha Jefferson, died in 1782, 19 years before his inauguration as President. During his time in the White House, his daughter Martha Jefferson Randolph served as White House Hostess during two winter social seasons.
Bell Ringer: Martha Jefferson Randolph (6:45)
4. Dolley Madison (1809-1817)
Video Clip: Dolley Madison Collection (5:39)
Bell Ringer: Dolley Madison and the War of 1812 (6:23)
Lesson Plan: Life and Legacy of Dolley Madison (11 Clips)
On This Day: British Troops Set Fire to the White House (4 Clips)
5. Elizabeth Monroe (1817-1825)
Bell Ringer: First Lady Elizabeth Monroe and the Era of Good Feelings (2:45)
Bell Ringer: Elizabeth Monroe and Marie-Adrienne Lafayette (1:45)
6. Louisa Adams (1825-1829)
Bell Ringer: First Lady Louisa Catherine Adams (5:25)
Bell Ringer: First Lady Louisa Catherine Adams and the Role of Women in the 1800s (2:24)
7. Emily Donelson & Sarah Yorke Jackson (1829-1837)
NOTE: Andrew Jackson's wife, Rachel Jackson, died and was buried on Christmas Eve 1828, months before his inauguration as president in March 1829. He then asked his niece, Emily Donelson to serve as White House Hostess, a role she reprised until 1836.
NOTE: Sarah Yorke Jackson was the wife of Andrew Jackson's adopted son, Andrew Jackson, Jr. After a fire damaged The Hermitage, Sarah moved to the White House where she assisted Emily Donelson with hostess duties in 1834, 1835, and 1836. After Emily Donelson's departure from the White House, Sarah began to serve as White House Hostess through the end of the presidency.
Bell Ringer: Rachel Jackson (1:53)
Bell Ringer: Emily Donelson (1:15)
Website: C-SPAN's First Ladies
8. Angelica Van Buren (1838-1841)
NOTE: Martin Van Buren's wife, Hannah Van Buren, died in 1819, nearly two decades before his inauguration as President. In 1838, Angelica Singleton married the president's son, Abraham Van Buren II, and thereafter assumed the duties of White House Hostess for the duration of the presidency.
Bell Ringer: Angelica Singleton Van Buren (2 Clips)
9. Anna & Jane Harrison (1841)
NOTE: William Henry Harrison's wife, Anna Harrison, was too ill to travel to Washington, D.C. when her husband assumed the presidency. Instead, the president asked his daughter-in-law, Jane Harrison, to accompany him and serve as White House Hostess until Anna's planned arrival a few months later. However, William Henry Harrison died just 31 days after his inauguration as president in 1841, making his presidency the shortest in U.S. history.
Bell Ringer: Who was First Lady Anna Harrison? (2 Clips)
Video Clip: White House Hostess Jane Harrison (1:31)
10. Letitia, Priscilla Cooper, & Julia Tyler (1841-1845)
NOTE: John Tyler's wife, Letitia Tyler, was the first person to die while serving as First Lady, succumbing to a stroke in 1842. Upon her death, the president's daughter-in-law, Priscilla Cooper Tyler, began serve as White House Hostess, a role she reprised until 1844. In 1844, the president married Julia Tyler, returning a first lady to the White House for the remainder of the presidency.
Bell Ringer: Life in Virginia for John and Letitia Tyler (1:51)
Bell Ringer: Priscilla Cooper Tyler (2:37)
Bell Ringer: John and Julia Tyler's Relationship (3:59)
Bell Ringer: First Lady Julia Tyler, President John Tyler, and the Civil War (5:31)
11. Sarah Polk (1845-1849)
Bell Ringer: Sarah Polk (2:39)
12. Margaret Taylor (1849-1850)
Bell Ringer: First Lady Margaret Taylor (2:39)
13. Abigail Powers Fillmore (1850-1853)
Bell Ringer: First Lady Abigail Fillmore (2:39)
14. Jane Pierce (1853-1857)
Bell Ringer: Biography of Jane Appleton Pierce (2 Clips)
Bell Ringer: First Lady Jane Pierce and a Tragedy (2 Clips)
15. Harriet Lane (1857-1861)
NOTE: James Buchanan has been the only president never to have been married. During his presidency, Harriet Lane, his niece and guardian after she was orphaned at the age of 11, served as White House Hostess.
Video Clip: Introduction to Harriet Lane (1:54)
16. Mary Lincoln (1861-1865)
Bell Ringer: First Lady Mary Lincoln's Early Days in Washington Society and the Election of 1860 (3:10)
Bell Ringer: The Lincoln Home in Illinois (3:53)
Bell Ringer: Mary Todd Lincoln in Springfield, IL (7:26)
17. Eliza Johnson & Martha Johnson Patterson (1865-1869)
NOTE: While Andrew Johnson's wife, Eliza Johnson, served as first lady for the entirety of his presidency, she remained ill. Their eldest child, Martha Johnson Patterson filled in as first lady for much of the time.
Bell Ringer: First Lady Eliza and President Andrew Johnson during the Civil War (3:54)
Bell Ringer: First Lady Eliza Johnson and the Impeachment of Andrew Johnson (4:37)
Bell Ringer: Martha Johnson Patterson (3:24)
18. Julia Grant (1869-1877)
Bell Ringer: First Lady Julia Grant and Her Role in the White House (4:46)
19. Lucy Hayes (1877-1881)
Bell Ringer: First Lady Lucy Hayes and the 1876 Election (4:40)
Bell Ringer: First Lady Lucy Hayes, the Temperance Movement, and Women's Suffrage Movement (2:48)
Bell Ringer: Lucy Hayes, Soldiers, and Orphans (1:39)
20. Lucretia Garfield (1881)
Bell Ringer: First Lady Lucretia Garfield, President James Garfield, and the Front Porch Campaign (2:41)
Bell Ringer: First Lady Lucretia Garfield and President James Garfield (4:26)
21. Mary Arthur McElroy (1881-1885)
NOTE: Chester Arthur's wife, Ellen Arthur, died in 1880, before his election to become vice president. Upon assuming the presidency after James A. Garfield's assassination, President Arthur's sister, Mary Arthur McElroy, agreed to serve as White House Hostess.
Bell Ringer: Chester, Ellen, and Mary Arthur (5:59)
Bell Ringer: Mary Arthur McElroy on Suffrage (1:12)
22/24. Rose & Frances Cleveland (1885-1889, 1893-1897)
NOTE: Upon assuming the presidency, Grover Cleveland was unmarried. For the first 15 months of his presidency, his younger sister, Rose Cleveland served as White House Hostess. Then, in 1886, the president's new wife, Frances Cleveland, assumed the duties of first lady.
Video Clip: Rose Elizabeth Cleveland (1:06)
Bell Ringer: First Lady Frances Cleveland and the Kindergarten Movement (2:11)
Video Clip: Frances Cleveland Style and Influence (7:00)
23. Caroline Harrison (1889-1893)
Bell Ringer: First Lady Caroline Harrison and the Daughters of the American Revolution (3:35)
Bell Ringer: Caroline Harrison and China Painting (3:40)
25. Ida McKinley (1897-1901)
Bell Ringer: First Lady Ida McKinley and Women's Suffrage (2:24)
Bell Ringer: Ida McKinley Slippers (1:45)
26. Edith Roosevelt (1901-1909)
Bell Ringer: First Lady Edith Roosevelt (2:47)
27. Helen Taft (1909-1913)
Bell Ringer: First Lady Helen Taft (2:56)
28. Ellen & Edith Wilson (1913-1914 & 1915-1921)
NOTE: Upon assuming the presidency, Woodrow Wilson was married to Ellen Wilson. However, her health continued to slowly fail due to Bright’s Disease, and she died on August 6, 1914. After a brief courtship, the president then married Edith Wilson on December 18, 1915.
Bell Ringer: First Lady Ellen Wilson and White House Rose Garden (1:59)
Bell Ringer: First Lady Edith Wilson (3:02)
Lesson Plan: First Lady Edith Wilson (14 Clips)
29. Florence Harding (1921-1923)
Bell Ringer: First Lady Florence Harding and the Front Porch Campaign (2:54)
30. Grace Coolidge (1923-1929)
Bell Ringer: First Lady Grace Coolidge (2:29)
31. Lou Hoover (1929-1933)
Bell Ringer: First Lady Lou Hoover and the Great Depression (2:51)
32. Eleanor Roosevelt (1933-1945)
Video Clip: Eleanor Roosevelt Pearl Harbor Radio Address (1:17)
Bell Ringer: First Lady Eleanor Roosevelt (5:08)
Bell Ringer: Eleanor Roosevelt and World War Two (2:47)
Bell Ringer: Eleanor Roosevelt on the United Nations (2:16)
33. Elizabeth Truman (1945-1953)
Bell Ringer: First Lady Bess Truman and the 1948 Election (2:45)
34. Mamie Eisenhower (1953-1961)
Bell Ringer: First Lady Mamie Eisenhower and the 1952 Election (4:50)
35. Jacqueline Kennedy (1961-1963)
Bell Ringer: First Lady Jacqueline Kennedy (2:37)
Video Clip: Furnishing the White House (4:55)
Video Clip: Jacqueline Kennedy's Impact on Restoration (8:18)
Bell Ringer: First Lady Jacqueline Kennedy and Preservation of White House History (4:37)
Lesson Plan: Jacqueline Kennedy's 1962 Televised White House Tour (6 Clips)
36. Claudia Johnson (1963-1969)
Bell Ringer: First Lady Lady Bird Johnson (2:05)
Video Clip: Lady Bird on the 1964 State of the Union Address (4:21)
Video Clip: Lady Bird Critiques LBJ After Press Conference (4:20)
Video Clip: Lady Bird Johnson and the 1964 Presidential Election (3:50)
Video Clip: 50th Anniversary of the Highway Beautification Act (5:25)
Video Clip: First Lady Johnson's White House Preservation Efforts (5:14)
Bell Ringer: Lady Bird Johnson and the White House (5:48)
Bell Ringer: White House East Garden (2:25)
Bell Ringer: Establishing the White House Preservation Committee (2:15)
Bell Ringer: Lady Bird Johnson Reflections (4:29)
37. Patricia Nixon (1969-1974)
Bell Ringer: Nixon World War II Love Letters (3 Clips)
Bell Ringer: First Lady Pat Nixon (2:00)
Bell Ringer: Pat Nixon and Access to the White House (6:10)
38. Betty Ford (1974-1977)
Video Clip: Betty Ford Addressed the Nation (1:16)
Bell Ringer: First Lady Betty Ford (5:28)
Video Clip: Betty Ford Testified on Addiction and Treatment Programs (4:41)
Video Clip: Betty Ford Remarks on Her Cancer (1:19)
Video Clip: Rosalynn Carter's Eulogy of Betty Ford (4:46)
39. Rosalynn Carter (1977-1981)
Video Clip: Rosalynn Carter on Mental Health (5:24)
Video Clip: Rosalynn Carter as Political and Policy Partner (11:34)
Bell Ringer: First Lady Rosalynn Carter (6:05)
Bell Ringer: Rosalynn Carter on Press Coverage of the First Lady (2:01)
Bell Ringer: Rosalynn Carter 2011 Congressional Testimony on Caregiving (2:50)
Video Clip: Rosalynn Carter's Eulogy of Betty Ford (4:46)
Video Clip: Rosalynn Carter on Her Legacy (4:13)
Video Clip: Former First Lady Rosalynn Carter Dies at 96 (7:56)
40. Nancy Reagan (1981-1989)
Bell Ringer: First Lady Nancy Reagan (3:06)
Video Clip: Nancy Reagan On Her 1982 Gridiron Performance (3:01)
Video Clip: First Lady Nancy Reagan 1988 United Nations Address (6:31)
Bell Ringer: The Reagan Administration and the AIDS Crisis (5:01)
Bell Ringer: The Just Say No Campaign (2 Clips)
Bell Ringer: President Ronald Reagan Assassination Attempt (2 Clips)
Bell Ringer: The Legacy of First Lady Nancy Reagan (2:55)
41. Barbara Bush (1989-1993)
Video Clip: Barbara Bush 1990 Address (4:47)
Bell Ringer: First Lady Barbara Bush (2:15)
42. Hillary Clinton (1993-2001)
Video Clip: Hillary Clinton 1998 Address to Northern Ireland (4:51)
Video Clip: Hillary Clinton on Public Opinion on the Role of First Lady (3:08)
Video Clip: Hillary Clinton and Speaking Out (4:07)
Video Clip: Hillary Clinton and Public Policy (5:35)
Bell Ringer: First Lady Hillary Clinton (1:59)
Bell Ringer: Hillary Clinton - Perceptions as First Lady (4:56)
Bell Ringer: 1994 Pink Suit Press Conference (4:13)
43. Laura Bush (2001-2009)
Video Clip: First Lady Laura Bush on No Child Left Behind (3:17)
Video Clip: Laura Bush as First Lady (7:10)
Bell Ringer: First Lady Laura Bush (3:17)
Video Clip: Laura Bush Delivers the President's Weekly Radio Address (2:42)
Video Clip: Laura Bush 2008 White House Press Briefing Room Address (7:58)
Bell Ringer: Laura Bush Reflected on the September 11, 2001 Terrorist Attacks (4:50)
Bell Ringer: First Lady Laura Bush on Whether First Ladies Should Receive a Salary (3:01)
Video Clip: Laura Bush and Her Legacy (4:42)
Video Clip: Laura Bush Legacy - 2001 Inaugural National Book Festival (3:51)
44. Michelle Obama (2009-2017)
Video Clip: Michelle Obama Remarks (2:15)
Video Clip: Michelle Obama 2015 Tuskegee University Graduation Address (7:11)
Video Clip: A Tough Act to Follow (4:15)
Video Clip: Criticism and Evolution of Michelle Obama (4:42)
Video Clip: Michelle Obama Remarks on Supporting Veterans and Their Families (5:18)
Bell Ringer: First Lady Michelle Obama (5:19)
Bell Ringer: Michelle Obama on Being First Lady (1:26)
Bell Ringer: White House Easter Egg Roll and Vegetable Garden (4:02)
Bell Ringer: Michelle Obama on the Film "42" (6:21)
Video Clip: First Lady Michelle Obama Final Address (5:21)
45. Melania Trump (2017-2021)
Video Clip: First Lady Melania Trump Shared Her Immigration Story (2:43)
Video Clip: First Lady Melania Trump's "Be Best" Campaign (2:49)
Video Clip: Melania Trump Update on "Be Best" Campaign (4:03)
Video Clip: Melania Trump on Indian Health Service System (2:33)
Video Clip: Melania Trump as First Lady (2:35)
Video Clip: Melania Trump's Farewell Address (6:42)
46. Jill Biden (2021-Present)
Video Clip: Virtual Field Trip of Washington, D.C. (27:06)
Video Clip: Jill Biden’s Roles (6:16)
Video Clip: Impressions of Jill Biden (6:51)
Lesson Plan: Choice Board: Virtual Field Trip of Washington, D.C. (7 Clips & Slides)
Lesson Plan: First Lady Jill Biden (10 Clips)