Iarhibol (or Yarhibol), a major Palmyrene sun god and guardian of the Efqa spring, was primarily a Semitic deity. He was frequently worshipped alongside Greek-identified gods and depicted on votive altars with Greek inscriptions, indicating syncretism.
Solar Association: While primarily holding a solar, healing, and prophetic role in Palmyra, his solar function aligns him conceptually with the Greek god Apollo (or sometimes Helios).
The Triple Divinity: Iarhibol is often part of a triad with Bel (often equated to Zeus) and Aglibol (often equated to Selene/Luna), placing him within a divine structure that was occasionally interpreted through a Hellenistic lens.
Cultural Context: In Dura-Europos and Rome, he was worshipped by Roman auxiliaries and sometimes honored with Greek-language inscriptions, showing his acceptance into a multicultural, Hellenized setting.
Direct Identification: Unlike other Palmyrene gods like Arsu (Ares) or Bel (Zeus), Iarhibol's identification with a specific Greek god is less consistent in epigraphic records, though he appeared in contexts where Greek divine interpretations were prevalent
Themis, daughter of Gaia, held the Delphic oracle before Apollo. According to different traditions, she passed it to her sister Phoebe (who gave it to Apollo) or directly to Apollo himself, often with the intent of helping mankind.
Mentorship & Nourishment: In various accounts, Themis aided in Apollo's birth and fed him, helping shape his role as a lawful and wise god rather than a merely violent one.
The Oracle of Delphi: Themis is considered the "prophecy incarnate," while Apollo is the "lord of prophecy".
Themis's Counsel: She was a respected advisor to Zeus and known for offering crucial prophecies, such as warning against the marriage of Thetis
The transition from Themis to Apollo represents a shift from archaic Earth-based wisdom to Olympian (male) control of prophecy, though often depicted as a peaceful handover or gift.
Conflict and Reconciliation: One story (from Euripides) suggests a moment of tension where Gaia created dream phantoms to replace Apollo's oracle, which was resolved when Zeus restored honors to Apollo (Loxias).