14. Negatives and questions with auxiliary verbs

An AUXILIARY VERB is used to forming the tenses, moods, and voices of other verbs. The primary auxiliary verbs in English are be, do, and have ; the modal auxiliaries are can, could, may, might, must, shall, should, will, and would.

14.1 Make the following sentences negative (elementary).

When speaking make sure you clearly pronounce the "'t" at the end of the negative.

He must do it again. (He mustn't do it again)
She could understand everything. (she couldn't understand..)
They had time to tell her.
It was very late.
We're coming tomorrow morning.
He can speak French.
He'll come if you can (note the stress).
You must come this morning.
He comes here every day.
We like her very much.
They arrived at six o'clock.
There were many people at the concert.
Why did you come with him?
We could see as far as the mountains.
You shall have another one tomorrow.
Our teacher wants the homework now.
You must look out of the window.
Eric can understand what you say.
There are some more cakes.
He has enough to eat.

14.2 Answer the following questions in the negative (elementary).

Can you drink tea? (e.g. No I can't drink tea)
Mustn't you eat fish? (Hint - "No, I mustn't eat fish is correct - since it a direct response to the question, BUT English usually avoids double negatives like "We didn't see nothing")
Ought you to have any coffee?
Can you stay up late?
Will you have another cigarette?
Couldn't he telephone?
Mustn't you go out so late at night?
Have you any brothers or sisters?
Do you have lunch at one o'clock?
Can you speak Czech?
Did you read last night's paper?
Have you seen my hat anywhere?
Do stupid people always have stupid faces?
Ought he to work so hard?
Were there many people at the party?

Many of these sentences use the "bare infinitive" - i.e. WITHOUT "to" - it is used after verbs like bid, let, make, see, hear, need, dare and auxiliary verbs like will, would, shall, should, may, might, can, could and must.. See this link for more examples.

HAVE is used without DO when it means to "possess or "own":

Maisie hasn't any handkerchiefs
A circle hasn't any corners

HAVE is used with DO in several cases:

Maisie doesn't have a clean handkerchief every day (meaning occasional - not permanent - possession),
We don't have lunch before midday (used with meals),
You didn't have it mended (causitive),
Did you have a good time last night (meaning "experience"),
Have you to work hard (when replacing "must" HAVE can be used with or without DO),
Do you have to work (ditto).

DARE is used in question and negative forms without DO.

Dare he go alone? He dared to go alone.
He didn't dare to go alone.

NEED. Questions and negative forms are usually made without DO and without the infinitive particle TO

Need he run so fast? He needn't run so fast.
He needs to speak more slowly.

USED TO (with and without DO):

Used you to live here? Did you use to live here?
You used to live here - didn't you?
You never used to treat me like this.

14.3 Answer these questions in the negative (intermediate).

You never used to smoke so much, did you? e.g. No I didn't use to smoke so much.
Have you any more like this?
Did you have a comfortable journey?
Were you taken out for walks when you were little?
Need I do it at once?
"Ought you to make so much noise?" "No, I suppose I __
Do I have to come at nine?
Did you have to write in ink?
Did you have any sausages for breakfast?
Have we any sausages in the house?
Need she put on a clean dress?
"Who wrote that rude remark on the blackboard?" "I don't ___"
Did you use to live here? (Used you to live here?)
Dare he come without our invitation?
Did you have your shoes cleaned this morning?
Need it be finished by Saturday?
DId you want any more rice pudding?
Dare they do it again?
Did he dare to call you a thief to your face?
Didn't you use to go to school with him?

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