Lakeshore Learning - Teacher supply store in Lake Oswego, near the Bridgeport mall off I-5. Products are primarily for ages K-6, aimed at school teachers, but they have a huge wall of workbooks on every subject, plus white boards, math games, flash cards, etc. Also online but there is a better workbook selection in the store and you can flip through them. Frequent coupons and a teacher discount for homeschoolers.
Powells Books - Local stores in Portland have lots of non-fiction source books, used! Also some teaching resources in their Education department.
Barnes and Noble - Retail bookstores with lots of fiction and some non-fiction for kids. They do have a small selection of school work books, but the selection at Lakeshore is much better. Barnes and Noble has an Educator Discount card, which is 20% off books, with no annual fee. (Bring your ESD confirmation letter to the store to sign up.)
Exodus Books - A homeschool curriculum store in Oregon City, primarily focusing on faith-based curriculum but there are other offerings. A good place to browse if you are completely new to the idea of curriculum and what it looks like. They also accept and re-sell used books.
Direct from Publisher - Every curriculum publisher will have their own sales outlet for brand new material.
Rainbow Resource - A huge inventory of curriculum books, supplies, learning toys and games, usually for discounted prices. For curriculum it helps to look at descriptions and reviews elsewhere, then buy on Rainbow.
Amazon - A good place to look for new workbooks, used textbooks (cheap), and to find supplies such as white boards, your favorite erasable pens, workbooks and technology.
Homeschool Buyers Co-Op - A membership based discount buying group, for more than just curriculum. They also negotiate discounts with online vendors for subscription based services.
eBay - Lots of used curriculum books are cheaper on eBay.
Facebook curriculum sales groups - Many buy/sell groups exist - find what you are looking for or sell the stuff you don't need.