The current study uses the Worldwide Governance Indicators (WGIs) in the analysis, as it deals with governance with the same perspective that is a comprehensive system that includes inputs, process and outputs. The input is the political institutions of society that are the process of collective decision-making and the checks on politicians and a capable state operating under the rule of law, with emphasis on the role of democratic accountability of governments to their citizens. Secondly, the process of formulating and executing policies shows the state's ability to deliver public goods in various parts of the country. The output of the system is the rules of society, property rights and anti-corruption policies, which are represented through ‘the rule of law’ and ‘control of corruption.

This chapter has completed what was started in the previous chapters in terms of capturing a broader and in-depth assessment of the Arab region's growth and development circumstances from institutional perspectives. The inference from the analysis in the chapter is that emphasising the rule of law, enhancement of democracy, ensuring the independence of the judiciary and providing equal opportunities at all levels will expand the chances of successful development in the Arab nations and avoid any civil conflicts. This will be an essential factor to help accelerate the region's integration in the global trends in political, economic, human and cultural development.

Citation

Abdelbary, I. (2021), "Institutions and Political Aspects of Arab Reform", Reviving Arab Reform: Development Challenges and Opportunities, Emerald Publishing Limited, pp. 99-114. https://0810bj2yb-1106-y-https-doi-org.mplbci.ekb.eg/10.1108/978-1-83982-318-320211008