Department of Zoology

Programme: Four-year B.Sc. (Honours/ Honours with Research) U.G. Courses of Studies  (under CCF 2022)         

Course: Zoology Major

           Botany Minor

           Physiology / Chemistry Minor

  Inter-disciplinary Course

Programme: Three-year B.Sc. (Multi-Disciplinary - MDC) U.G. Courses of Studies  (under CCF 2022)         

Course: Zoology Core Course

           Zoology Minor Course

           Zoology Inter-disciplinary Course

Programme: B.Sc. (Biological Sciences) (under CBCS 2018)

Course: Zoology General

Program Specific Outcomes (PSOs)

Since life appeared on Earth, the biological organisms started to roam over the Hydrosphere, Lithosphere and Atmosphere and a new term was coined – the “Biosphere”, clubbing the three under one expression. To sightsee the attribution of the biological organisms more precisely, they were classified into five kingdoms and out of which Kingdom Animalia is the most progressive one. The scientific study to apprehend the Kingdom Animalia is basically called as Zoology. In the program or curricula of Zoological studies at undergraduate level the following outcomes can be commonly interpreted:

• PSO1 - Students can increase knowledge and can develop skill in the fundamentals of animal sciences to scrutinise the complex interactions among the various animals of different phyla, their distribution and their relationship with the environment.

• PSO2 – Apply the knowledge of structural complexities of cell to conceptualize the genetic functions in control of various metabolic activities and health of organisms.

• PSO3 – To correlate the physiological, endocrinological, neurological and biochemical processes of animals and relationship of organ systems.

• PSO4 – Understands the taxonomic diversification of animals through the course of complex evolutionary processes and behavioural approaches of animals.

• PSO5 – How to imply the remediation against various modes of Indulgent environmental pollutions to sustain the ecological homoeostasis, biodiversity and conservation of threatened species through different environmental conservation programmes.

• PSO6 – To identify socio-economic animals and how they are becoming beneficial to humans through knowledge of agro-based small-scale industries like apiculture, sericulture, lac culture, edible and ornamental fish farming, vermi-compost preparation etc.

• PSO7 – To identify the impact of various potential risk factors like pollutants, toxins, toxics, pests, parasites, parasitoids, microbes and many other pathogens on the health of biological organisms including humans and to have scalability on the process of recuperation through innate and acquired immune responses against communicable and non-communicable diseases.

• PSO8 – To generate awareness and commitment amongst students about ethical as well as legal principles towards professional ethics and responsibilities for an overall conservation of communities and environment.

• PSO9 – To have a clear notion about the harms and benefits of the vast microbial world so that along with the development of the field of Medical Microbiology the Field of Industrial Microbiology also get developed, because it is so resourceful that it can serve the society in a different way and indulge the employment generation to some extent.

• PSO10 – Apply the knowledge and understanding of Zoology to one’s own life and work with growing empathy and obvious love towards the animal world for being a green entrepreneur. 

Course Specific Outcomes (CSOs) [Under CCF 2022]

CSO1 Semester 1

In Cell Biology, to understand the structures and purposes of basic components of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, especially macromolecules, membranes, and organelles; how these cellular components are used to generate and utilize energy in cells; to know the cellular components and mechanism underlying cell cycle and cell division; how to apply the knowledge of cell biology to selected examples of changes or losses in cell function, these can include responses to environmental or physiological changes, or alterations of cell function brought about by mutation; how to describe the evolution, diversity and replication of cells; how to explain the role of compartmentalization and signalling in cellular biology; how to interpret and explain key experiments in the history of cell biology and how to evaluate and apply knowledge of modern techniques in cellular biology.

Whether, Applied Entomology deals with the dual nature (useful and harmful) of insects as applied to mankind. It provides the detailed information on economically important insect orders, including their characteristic features. It also deals with metamorphosis in insects, the ways in which beneficial insects like silkworm, honey bees and lac insects can be best exploited for the human welfare. In addition, this area of entomology focuses on the exploitation of predators and parasitoids for the management of harmful insects and pollinators for the improvement of crop yields considering the enlightened field of agricultural science. It also consists of the importance of insects in the field of medical and forensic sciences.

Paper DSCC1/CC1

• CO1.1: To understand the cytological architecture of a living cell including individual structure and functioning of each organelle found in a cell.

• CO1.2: To understand the extra-cellular cytoskeletal structure, their types, composition and interactions.

• CO1.3: To understand the complex nuclear structure to know the process of remodelling and packaging of genetic materials in it.

• CO1.4: To understand the conduction process of cell cycle through successive phases and role of various proteins for its proper conduction and also to know the mechanistic functionalities of various genes in the process of programmed and un-programmed (cancerous) cell death and cell growth.

• CO1.5: To understand, how does one cell communicate information to its neighbouring cells through the signalling processes.

• CO1.6: To know the usage of tools and techniques of how to fix a cell for its basic structural and ultra-structural studies under light and electron microscopes, respectively, as well as to understand the process of conduction of culture of different types of cells using different media.

Paper SEC-1

• CO2.1: To understand the concepts of insect morphology their principles, utility and relevance with description of origin, structure and modifications of head, thorax and abdomen of insects, their wing structure and mechanism of flight, pre- and post-embryonic development.

• CO2.2: To understand the concept and importance of insect physiology with structural modification of different physiological systems, physiology of integument, moulting, growth and metamorphosis and to conceptualize the specific usage of various sense organs found in different group of insects.

• CO2.3: To idealize the general entomology, including systematic plus diversity of classes and orders of insects that also cover evolutionary history / phylogeny and external morphology.

• CO2.4: To comprehend the roles played by the insects as well as acarids (Tics and Mites) in the spreading of various vector borne diseases, their pathogenicity and prophylaxis and also to conceptualize the immense importance of insects in the field of Forensic Science and Medical Entomology as insightful evidences to identify the various facets of crime.

• CO2.5: To discern the history, principles and scope of Agricultural Entomology, providing basic ideas about economic injuries caused by various insect pests to the crop yield through thorough study of their life cycles, damages caused by them and their control mechanism by applying integrated pest management (IPM) strategies with the knowledge of classification of insecticides, mode of action and chemical nature of them; insecticide metabolism including pest resistance to insecticides, mechanisms and types of resistance, resistance management; insecticide residues, their significance and environmental implications and above all to combat the ill effects of Chemical Pest Control methods on nature the special emphasis to be given on Biological Pest Control Method, considering the uprising global pollution level, which includes identification of important groups of parasitoids, predators and pathogens; biology, adaptation, host seeking behaviour of predatory and parasitic groups of insects; role of insect pathogenic nematodes, viruses, bacteria, fungi, protozoa etc., and their mode of action; biological control of weeds using insects; mass production of quality bio-control agents, appliances, techniques, formulations, economics, field release/application and evaluation.

• CO2.6: To apply the utility and to meet the problem of unemployment, to some extent, in the thickly populated countries, like India, a clear notion must be apprehended on the culture practices of some beneficial insects like Honey Bees, Lac Insects, Silk Worms etc. by studying the life histories, artificial keeping methods with proper sanitations, host plant cultivation practices, control of diseases and enemies, extraction and marketing practices of the products as well as by-products.

CSO2 Semester 2

Biochemistry helps to analyse, appreciate, and understand the basic concepts of chemical reactions that occur in living systems, which enable to detain the various perspectives of applied sciences that benefit the mankind, studying biochemistry can capable one to frame a scientific question or problem, to undertake investigations and perform analyses that provide information about biochemical questions and help to solve biochemical problems, also to make improvements in medical drug development, genome sequencing, food and agricultural changes.

While, Aquaculture extends comprehensive knowledge in the discipline of Fishery Science and Pisciculture; provides ability to make comprehensive analysis, hatchery management and marketing; gives opportunity for good employability skills as per current need of the aquaculture society with good idea about proper utilization of natural resources.; generates awareness about the regional and national environmental issues, recent trends and technological advancements in the discipline of aquaculture, like induced breeding technology, fish processing technology, fishing gear and equipment construction technology, fish biotechnology etc.

Paper DSCC2/CC2

• CO3.1: To understand nature of biochemistry; physical and chemical properties of molecules as a linkage of biochemistry; concept and properties of acid-base relationship.

• CO3.2: To assess and relate the concepts of chemistry to biology; to identify the structures of amino acids, their chemical properties and their organization into polypeptides and proteins.

• CO3.3: To understand the structure and functions of fundamentals of mono-, di- and tri-saccharides and polysaccharides.

• CO3.4: To analyse the structure of different classes of lipids and their roles in biological systems.

• CO3.5: To relate the basic functions of nucleosides and nucleotides.

• CO3.6: To understand the different classes of enzymes and their functionality to catalyse biochemical reactions to conduct various physiological functioning of the living system, as well as enzyme kinetics; to conceptualize the bioenergetics in cell biology and thermodynamics in relation to biological aspects.

• CO3.7: To understand the structure, catabolism and anabolism of biomolecules by studying various biochemical pathways performed regularly in the biological systems and their interrelations, regulations and malfunctions associated with those carbohydrate, protein, nucleotide and lipid metabolic pathways.

• CO3.8: To understand the roles of free radicals and antioxidants in the regulation of biochemical pathways.

Paper SEC-2

• CO4.1: To understand the aquatic environment and aquatic ecosystem, physical and chemical Characteristics of water, importance of biogeochemical cycles and nature of dynamics of aquatic ecosystem.

• CO4.2: To understand the taxonomic position, anatomy, life history, feeding habit, breeding habit and distribution of cultivable fin fish species, like carp fishes, jeol fishes etc. and shell fish species, like crustaceans, molluscs etc.

• CO4.3: to acquire knowledge on the importance of nutrition, importance and usage of species specific natural and supplementary feeds and their formulation process and mode of fertilization.

• CO4.4: To gather knowledge on dynamics of dissolved oxygen, turbidity, hardness, alkalinity, salinity etc. of different aquatic systems like lentic system, lotic system, brackish water system and marine water system.

• CO4.5: To understand the aquaculture systems and methods, aquaculture engineering; to acquire awareness on selection of species and hydrology of ponds; to develop perception on pre-stocking and post-stocking managements and growth.

• CO4.6: To understand the poly-culture methodology of Indian Major Carps and Exotic Carps; to acquire knowledge on hatchery management; to develop concept on intensive, semi-intensive and extensive culture of Prawns and Shrimps; Cage, Pen, Rope and Raceway culture practices of Edible and Pearl Producing Oysters; to comprehend the idea about the advantages and disadvantages of integrated fish farming and aquaponics.

• CO4.7: To create awareness on Aquarium and/or Ornamental Fish Farming Management with its budgetary allocation to establish it as a cottage industry to use it as a new mode of employment generation and women empowerment.

• CO4.8: To ideate the production process of transgenic fishes, sex-reversed fishes, mono-sex fishes etc. under the light of developing fish biotechnology; to pleat axillary inkling about various types of fish pathogenicity and prophylaxis too.

Programme Outcome (PO): For General Course (ZOOG)

PO1. Acquiring in-depth knowledge – Upon completion of the advanced programme in Zoology students gain knowledge and skill in the fundamentals of animal sciences, understands the complex interactions among various living organisms, understands the complex evolutionary processes and behaviour of animals, can correlate the physiological processes of animals.

PO2. Analysis and corroboration – Be able to analyse complex interactions among the various life processes of several animals belonging to different phyla and be able to corroborate the ideas to draw the relationship among the animals as well as with environment.

PO3. Laboratory skills and Instrumentation – On completion of advanced course in Zoology students gain laboratory skills to handle animals, animal tissue, any biological specimen, chemicals and can handle instruments related to laboratory experiments as well as field study.

PO4. Skill Enhancement – Upon completion of the course students gather theoretical as well as practical knowledge which help them to enhance their skill in several applied fields of animal sciences such as ornamental fish keeping, sericulture, apiculture, aquaculture, medical diagnostics and biotechnological instrumentation.

PO5. Design and Performance of Experiments- The programme in Zoology teaches the students to design an experiment and perform the experiment by the students themselves.

PO6. Analysis with statistical inference- The course teaches the students to observe, collect and analyse real-time data with statistical inference.

PO7. Building of Environmental ethics, Sustainability and Conservation –Zoology programme inducts the students regarding the value of environment and its exploration in a sustainable way. Students learn to handle environmental issues with proper care and always build a positive approach towards the conservation of nature and its resources.

PO8. Communication, bonding and learning through group activity - As the programme in Zoology contains several field study, presentation and submission of field project report it inevitably engages the students into effective communication, peer bonding and learning through group activities. 

Programme Specific Outcome (PSO): For General Course (ZOOG)

PSO1: To Develop in-depth understanding of key concepts of biology at organismic, ecological, behavioural, physiological, biochemical and molecular levels.

PSO2: Building a true and clear concept of genetic and molecular principles of traits from human and non-human organisms. Description of several molecular event for controlling gene expression in several physiological processes including sex determination.

PSO3: Application of the knowledge of internal structure of cell, its functions in controlling of various metabolic pathways of organisms.

PSO4: Generating knowledge regarding animal-animal, animal-plant, animal-microbe interactions and their consequences to environment with special emphasis on conservation. Understanding of environmental conservation process and its importance, pollution control and biodiversity and protection of endangered species.

PSO5: To gather knowledge of internal structure of cell, its functions and control of various metabolic functions of organisms.

PSO6: Development of an understanding of zoological science for its application in medical entomology, apiculture, aquaculture, sericulture and medical diagnostics, animal cell biotechnology and modern biotechnological tools.

PSO7: Development of theoretical and practical knowledge in handling the animals and their role in environment.

PSO8: To Maintain high standards of learning in animal sciences and to develop multidisciplinary approach among students to work with a collaborative manner to gather a whole knowledge of biological processes. 

Course Outcome (CO): For General Course (ZOOG)

Part – I/ 1st year

Semester – I

CC1-1-TH (CO1)

CO1.1: Familiar with the non-chordate world that surrounds us.

CO1.2: To appreciate the process of evolution in non-chordates from unicellular cells to complex, multicellular organisms.

CO1.3: To identify the invertebrates and classify them up to the class level with the basis of systematics.

CO1.4: Learn the evolution, hierarchy and classification of different classes of chordates.

CO1.5: To understand the basis of life processes in the non-chordates and chordates.

CO1.6: To understand the evolutionary relations between non-chordates and chordates through Protochordates.

CC1-1-P (CO1)

CO1.7: To acquaint students with the general characters and classification of animals from Protozoa to higher vertebrates.

CO1.8: Practical involving animal material will be conducted using models/charts/e-resources.

CO1.9: To enhancement the dissection skills.

CO1.10: To build knowledge base about the animals commonly observed in their surroundings through preparation of Animal Album.

CO1.11: The Practical are in accordance with the guidelines of UGC.

Semester – II

CC2-2-TH (CO2)

CO2.1: Integumentary System - The integument is one of the most dynamic and important of organs. Having a unique role as a first line of defence against numerous environmental stress, this chapter provides structure, function and derivatives of integument in birds and mammals with special emphasis on skin glans.

CO2.2: Digestive System - This unit provides comparative anatomy of stomach; dentition in vertebrates, both have importance in digestive mechanism.

CO2.3: Respiratory System - This unit provides comparative anatomy of respiratory organs in fish, birds and mammals and their evolutionary significance.

CO2.4: Circulatory System - This unit provides general plan of circulation, evolution of heart and aortic arches and their significance.

CO2.5: Urinogenital System - This unit provides, evolution of urino-genital ducts and succession of kidney in different vertebrate groups.

CO2.6: Early Embryonic Development – This unit gives fundamental idea about gametogenesis, fertilization, cleavage and blastulation in non-chordate and chordate animals. Gives an idea about morphogenetic movements and fate mapping.

CO2.7: Gives idea about late embryonic development such as formation of extra-embryonic membrane, implantation process and placental development.

CC2-2-P (CO2)

CO2.8: This unit helps to study differences between the mammalian skulls of one herbivore (Guineapig) and one carnivore (Dog) animal through identification. It will help to understand the evolution and significance of jaw development and dentition pattern with respect to their food habit.

CO2.9: Osteology - This unit provides study of disarticulated skeleton of Pigeon and Guineapig (limb, vertebrae and girdle bones).

CO2.10: This unit provides study and identification of larval forms, types of placenta and developmental stages of chick embryo with the help of permanent slides/models/pictures.

Part – II/ 2nd year

Semester – III

CC3-3-TH (CO3)

CO3.1: Nerve & Muscle - This unit helps to understand about structure and function of nerve and muscle.

CO3.2: Digestion - To understand physiology of digestion.

CO3.3: Respiration - To understand physiology of respiration and transportation of oxygen and carbon-di-oxide.

CO3.4: Cardio-vascular system - To understand composition of blood, structure of heart.

CO3.5: Excretion - To understand excretion system.

CO3.6: Reproduction and Endocrine glands - To understand reproduction and effect of endocrine glands in reproduction.

CO3.7: To understand metabolism of carbohydrate, lipid and protein.

CO3.8: To understand the classification and action of enzymes.

CC3-3-P (CO3)

CO3.9: It develops the idea of histological sections of mammalian pituitary, thyroid, pancreas, adrenal gland, duodenum, liver, lung, kidney.and qualitative test of carbohydrate samples.

SEC-A1-TH (CO4)

CO4.1: Morphology of bees and their social behaviour.

CO4.2: Understand the culture methods of honey bees and introduce with different modern instruments.

CO4.3: Gain idea about disease of honey bees and control measures.

CO4.4: Understand about the apiary products and their uses.

CO4.5: Knowing about the modern methods introduce to improve bee industry.

Semester – IV

CC4-4-TH (CO5)

CO5.1: This unit gives the concept of procedure of genetic inheritance, concept of alleles with special reference of White eye locus (Drosophila) & Thalassemia (Human).

CO5.2: It explains crossing over techniques and linkage of genes.

CO5.3: It covers types of gene mutation and procedure of gene mutation.

CO5.4: It provides sex determination process in Drosophila.

CO5.5: It tells about origin of life (chemical).

CO5.6: It provides evolutionary theories like Lamarckism, Darwinism and Neo-Darwinism.

CO5.7: This part describes about isolation mechanism and natural selection.

CO5.8: It describes speciation procedure like Sympatric, Allopatric and Parapatric.

CO5.9: This teaches verification of Mendelian ration through Chi- square test.

CC4-4-P (CO5)

CO5.10: This teaches verification of Mendelian ration through Chi- square test.

CO5.11: Through karyotypes it helps to identify aneuploidy.

CO5.12: It teaches phylogeny of horse by diagram of skull and limb.

CO5.13: It teaches adaptive radiation through studying the photographs of Darwin’s finches.

CO5.14: Visiting to natural history museum and submission of report teaches tracking the fossil record, and evolutionary mechanism of life.

SEC-B1-TH (CO6)

CO6.1: Introduces with Aquarium fishery, its potential, candidate fishes.

CO6.2: Gives a basic idea of the biology of some indigenous as well as exogenous ornamental fishes.

CO6.3: Imparts knowledge of use of live feed in aquarium culture, feed formulation and larval control by ornamental fishes.

CO6.4: Provides knowledge about fish handling techniques, transport and packaging.

CO6.5: Practical knowledge regarding the set-up of an aquarium and its budget.

Part – III/ 3rd year

Semester – V

DSE-A1-TH (CO7)

CO7.1: It provides the idea of types of parasites, types of host and their interactions.

CO7.2: It tells about epidemiology of diseases, transmission processes and their prevention.

CO7.3: It provides life History and pathogenicity of Entamoeba histolytica, Plasmodium vivax and Trypanosoma gambiense.

CO7.4: It teaches life cycles of parasitic helminths.

CO7.5: It teaches biology, control and damage (of economically important plants) created by insect pests.

CO7.6: It teaches medical importance and control of mosquito (Anopheles sp.).

CO7.7: It provides concepts of animal husbandry.

CO7.8: Poultry Farming - It provides principles of poultry breeding, management of breeding stock and broilers, Processing and preservation of eggs.

CO7.9: Fish Technology - It teaches the procedures of genetic improvements in aquaculture industry, induced breeding and transportation of fish seed.

DSE-A1-P (CO7)

CO7.10: Study of Plasmodium vivax, Entamoeba histolytica, Trypanosoma gambiense, Ancylostoma duodenale and Wuchereria bancrofti and their life stages through permanent-slides/photomicrographs or specimens.

CO7.11: Study of arthropod vectors associated with human diseases: Pediculus, Culex, Anopheles, Aedes.

CO7.12: Study of insect damage to different plant parts/stored grains through damaged products/photographs.

CO7.13: Identifying feature and economic importance of Helicoperva; Heliothis armigera, Papilio demoleus, Pyrilla perpusilla, Callosobruchus chinensis, Sitophilus oryzae and Tribolium castaneum.

CO7.14: Visit to poultry farm or animal breeding centre. Submission of visit report.

CO7.15: Demonstration of maintenance of freshwater aquarium.

CO7.16: This above practical works provides basic ideas of pisiculture, parasitology, and interaction of host, parasite and vectors and their characteristic features, and medical and economical importance of some insects.

DSE-A2-TH (CO8)

CO8.1: Gather knowledge about aquatic ecosystem.

CO8.2: Learn about the lake ecosystem.

CO8.3: Familiar with marine life.

CO8.4: Learn about the aquatic pollution and its effects on aquatic bodies.

CO8.5: Acquire knowledge about different aquatic microorganisms.

DSE-A2-P (CO8)

CO8.6: Ability to estimate dissolve O2 and CO2.

CO8.7: Learn about aquatic ecosystem and its parameter measuring technique

SEC-A2-TH (CO9)

CO9.1: Basic idea about taxonomy, morphology and distribution silk moth.

CO9.2: To know the life history of Bombyx mori.

CO9.3: Understand the culture of mulberry plant.

CO9.4: To know the rearing of silk moth and harvesting of silk.

CO9.5: Gather knowledge about pest and disease of silk moth.

CO9.6: To develop the ability of entrepreneurship in sericulture.

Semester – VI

DSE-B1-TH (CO10)

CO10.1: Basic knowledge about insect and their morphology.

CO10.2: Familiar with vectors and their adaptation.

CO10.3: Understanding the taxonomy of insects, with special emphasis to insect vectors.

CO10.4: Learn about the Dipterans and its negative role in human pathology.

CO10.5: Understanding various disease vectors.

CO10.6: Learning about the Siphunenlata and its harmful effect in human population.

CO10.7: Introduction with different bugs their harmful effects and control measures.

DSE-B1-P (CO10)

CO10.8: Demonstrating different insect vectors through photographs

CO10.9: Learning about morphology of insect through permanent slides/photomicrographs.

CO10.10: Learning to prepare project report.

DSE-B2-TH (CO11)

CO11.1: Gather knowledge about biotic and abiotic components of ecology and environment.

CO11.2: Learning about the population ecology.

CO11.3: Acquire data about the community structure. Species diversity.

CO11.4: Ability to learn about ecosystem, its composition, energy flow, development, growth etc.

CO11.5: Introduction about wild life, its conservation, methodology, types etc.

DSE-B2-P (CO11)

CO11.6: Acquiring basic idea about flora and fauna around us.

CO11.7: Familiarization and study of animal evidences in the field.

CO11.8: Hands-on training on different instruments for ecological study.

CO11.9: Learn to measure different water parameters.

SEC-B2-TH (CO12)

CO12.1: It teaches about Blood composition, Preparation of blood smear and Differential Leucocyte Count (D.L.C) using Leishman's stain, Platelet count using haemocytometer, Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (E.S.R.).

CO12.2: It teaches Urine Analysis: Physical characteristics; Abnormal constituents, Urine culture.

CO12.3: It teaches causes, types, symptoms, complications, diagnosis and prevention of Diabetes (Type I and Type II), Hypertension (Primary and secondary), and Testing of blood glucose using Glucometer/Kit.

CO12.4: It teaches causes, symptoms, diagnosis and prevention of Tuberculosis and Hepatitis. Microscopic and ELISA based study of Malarial parasite.

CO12.5: It helps to study Lipid profiling, Liver function test. PSA test.

CO12.6: It teaches Antibiotic Sensitivity Test.

CO12.7: It provides the idea of types (Benign/Malignant), detection and metastatic condition of tumours. Study of X-Ray image of Bone fracture.

CO12.8: Visit to a pathological laboratory helps to gain a hands-on knowledge of the techniques and submission of a project report enhances the ability to document and represent data.