• Definition of reading - page 719 (add)
• LaBerge-Samuels is a bottom-up model only
  • features to letters, letters to spelling patterns, spelling patters to visual word representations, visual word representations to phonological word representations, phonological word representations to word meanings, word meanings to phrase meanings
• Word and letter perception occur at the same time
• Letters are more accurately perceived when they are part of a word then when they stand alone
• Syntactic environment
  • word substitution errors tend to be of the same part of speech as the substituted word
  • grammatical knowledge helps determine words in print
• Semantic environment
  • semantic relationships allow decisions to be made quickly, impacting word recognition
  • this can facilitate or impede processing
  • the meaning of a word is shaped by the words around it
  • semantics affects our understanding of syntax

See information about Rumelhart in Kucer and add to this