Carbon Group/Group 14:
Elements:
Carbon- non mental, 4 valence electrons=likes to bond, highly reactive with oxygen, but not with other elements
Silicon- Metallica, insoluble in water, poor conductor of electricity, conductivity increases with heat
Germanium- metalloid, semi conductive, stable in air and water, reacts with hot acids and oxygen at high temperatures
Tin- metal, nontoxic, malleable, low melting point, reacts mainly with Chlorine, Bromine, and Iodine
Lead- metal, toxic, malleable, poor conductor of electricity, durable, and resistant to corrosion
Flerovium- metal, highly reactive, reactive with gold
Key Features:
4 valence electrons
+/ charge
Carbon isn’t highly reactive unless with oxygen, but the rest of the group is
Electronegativity: C > Si ≈ Ge ≈ Sn > Pb
Oxides become more basic down the column
Elements become progressively metallic down the column
Stabilization of (+2) oxidation state relative to (+4) of the elements down the group.
The atomic radii increase when going down the group, and ionization energy decrease