The main media industry sectors are film, television, video games, print, publishing, and also the internet.
All of the media sectors fall into one-third of these categories: Monopoly, Oligopoly, and Monopolistic competition. A monopoly happens when one type of media controls a product or service, an example of this is a small town only having one major newspaper. An oligopoly happens when the control of a product or service is managed by just a few companies, this usually happens in publishing. Some of the major publishers put out most best selling books and relatively few companies control many of the nation's highest-circulating magazines.
Jobs:
Film:
Runner
Production Manager
Location Manager
Director of Photography
Camera Operator
Sound Recordist
Producer
Production Designer
Television:
Runner
Production Manager
Location Manager
Camera Operator
Sound Recordist
Producer
Executive Producer
Video Games:
Game Artist
Game Designer
Game Developer
Print:
Publishing:
Editorial
Design
Production
Marketing
Internet:
Web Content Manager
Web Designer
Products:
Film:
Films
Television:
Television Programmes
The News
Video Games:
Video Games
Print:
Brochures
Leaflets
Newsletters
Information packs
Publishing:
Books
Newspapers
Internet:
Websites
What is a media conglomerate?
A conglomerate is a combination of two or more companies in entirely different businesses together in one structure, this often involves a parent company and several subsidiaries.
A media conglomerate is companies that own large numbers of companies in various mass media, such as television, radio, publishing, movies, and the internet.
The big six media conglomerates are:
Comcast
Comcast is a media and telecommunications business. It owns the largest pay-TV and home internet services in the US and the UK (Xfinity and Sky), Comcast also operates the Peacock ad-supported subscription.
Walt Disney
Walt Disney owns Pixar, Marvel and Lucasfilm, and many other film studios. The TV properties that Walt Disney owns are ABC broadcast network, ESPN, and several other cable networks. Walt Disney is also the leading streaming app with Disney +, Hulu, ESPN +, and Star.
AT&T
AT&T owns WarnerMedia who controls several cable networks including HBO, and film studios including DC Comics and New Line Cinemas.
Paramount Global
Paramount Global (formerly ViacomCBS) is the result of the re-merging of Viacom and CBS and this is purely a media company. The company owns the CBS broadcasting network and studios, Showtime, and several US and international cable networks. It is the home to Paramount Pictures, the publishers Simon & Schuster, Pluto TV, and Paramount+ streaming services.
Sony
Sony is a massive Japanese conglomerate. Sony Entertainments' subsidiary includes film and television studios Sony Pictures, Columbia, and TriStar, among others. It also owns some anime properties including A-1 studios and the Crunchyroll streaming services. Sony also owns Sony Music Entertainment, one of the big three record labels.
Fox
Fox is what is left from when Disney took acquisition of the film studio 21st Century Fox. Fox includes its broadcast FOX network and 28 local affiliate stations, its cable networks include Fox News and the Fox Sports national networks. It also operates the Tubi streaming service.
Vertical integration is when a media company owns a different business in the same chain of production and distribution. An example of vertical integration is that 20th Century Fox owns the studios in Hollywood, they also own the cinemas, the TV channels, and the DVD rental shops. They own different parts of the chain so that they can make money from every part of it.
Horizontal integration is a media company's ownership of several businesses of the same value. almost all media companies have horizontal integration. This could be a magazine, radio, newspaper, television, or book. This helps to create more money for the company to reach a wider audience due to people being technology literate allowing them to read the magazines online.
Public Service Broadcasting involves radio, television, and other electronic media outlets. Public Service Broadcasting provides universal access to high-quality content for free at the point of use. The BBC is a public service broadcaster in the UK.
A multinational company is any corporation that is registered and operates in more than one country at a time. Generally, the corporation has its headquarters in one country and operates entirely owned or partially owned subsidiaries in other countries.
An independent company is a company that in its rights is not a subsidiary of another company or organization. For example, Pixar is a company that makes animated films, they were originally an independent owned entirely by Pixar shareholders, later they were purchased by Disney so they are no longer an independent company.