A learning difficulty that is used to describe pupils with global delay (learning delay across all areas).
Students typically have difficulties with:
Attention and listening
Concentration and on task behaviour
Literacy and numeracy skills
Self-organisation
Making links between different areas of learning and generalising to everyday experience
Visual, practical and spatial/physical learning
Teaching Strategies
Use LSA to pre teach key vocabulary or concepts
Use prior knowledge to introduce new learning
Teach the three key points of the lesson and revisit
Small steps / chunks
Use real life experiences
Modelling various examples
Visual aids and kinaesthetic learning
Scaffolding
Clear and simple instructions
Directed questioning
Processing time
Talk partner / study buddy
Writing frames / prompts
Metacognitive activities
Model that making mistakes is part of the learning process
Use signals for when a pupil doesn't understand
Discussion before writing
Alternatives to writing - mindmaps etc.
Make home learning explicit
Effective modelling through I do, we do, you do approach to ensure that children feel ready to work independently and apply key skills
Examples of Resources and Classroom-Based Provision
Resources, equipment, homework book/diaries make use of consistent symbol and colour coding
Use of ICT programs and apps to reinforce and revise what has been taught
Use small whiteboards and pen for notes or to try out spellings, record ideas etc. to support short term memory
Range of coloured overlays/ reading rulers available
Coloured paper for worksheets/ workbooks and coloured background on smart board
Use coloured pens to support learning spellings, identifying different sections of text, one colour for each sentence etc.
Mark starting point for each line with green/coloured dot or symbol
Extra reading practice
Additional writing practise – dictation
Improve working memory playing memory games
Cloze procedure exercises to vary writing tasks and demonstrate understanding
Regular spelling tests
Focus on high frequency words
Inform parents/guardians of any new words/spellings so that they can be worked on at home
Google forms/ quizzes to test new knowledge
Further Reading
Useful websites
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References:
St Martin's Areas of need QFT checklist: https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/16SamvYGDzL7eCB7229gGY0IjCqlrKXxiXtcu1bVlv-M/edit?usp=sharing
St Martin's QFT - Universal Provision: https://docs.google.com/document/d/1lx4pRBu6vq1-eUj19J0fof4u40X9mHOFD30fX3S00og/edit?usp=sharing
Research Papers in Education : Moderate Learning Difficulties – searching for clarity and understanding: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/236330163_Moderate_Learning_Difficulties_-_searching_for_clarity_and_understanding