Physical Health
SLEEP
Why is sleep important?
Sleep plays a vital role in good health and well-being throughout your life.
The way you feel while you are awake depends in part on what happens while you are sleeping.
During sleep, your body is working to support healthy brain function and maintain your physical health.
In children and teens, sleep also helps support growth and development.
Getting inadequate sleep over time can raise your risk for chronic (long-term) health problems.
It can also affect how well you think, react, work, learn, and get along with others.
Source: NIH
Learn more about the importance of sleep for you physical health HERE!
Source: Healthline, WebMD and Sleep Foundation
More Sleep Facts
Lack of sleep ages your skin. When you don’t get enough sleep, your body releases more of the stress hormone cortisol. In excess amounts, cortisol can break down skin collagen, the protein that keeps skin smooth and elastic.
Sleep loss also causes the body to release too little human growth hormone. When we’re young, human growth hormone promotes growth. As we age, it helps increase muscle mass, thicken skin, and strengthen bones.
Not getting enough sleep can lower your grades in school over time because sleep loss can lead to more difficulty focusing, memory loss, trouble concentrating, and more.
Chronic (long-term) sleep deprivation leads to a plethora of chronic health conditions such as high blood pressure, diabetes, heart disease, obesity, etc.
Source: WebMD
Good Sleep Habits
Healthy habits can help you sleep better and longer.
Give yourself time to sleep. A busy schedule can make it hard to get a good night’s sleep.
Keep a sleep schedule. Go to bed and get up at the same time every day, even on weekends. Consistent sleep is just as important as the amount of sleep
Create a sleep sanctuary. Keep your bedroom dark, quiet, and at a comfortable temperature.
Have a bedtime routine. Avoid bright lights, large meals, caffeine, and alcohol before bed. Try things to help you relax, like a hot bath.
Exercise. Get about 30 minutes a day, at least 5 hours before bed.
Nap if you must. Aim for no more than 30 minutes so you don’t wake up groggy or mess up your sleep schedule.
Don’t force it. If you find yourself lying awake, get up and do something quiet, like reading, until you feel sleepy. Journaling may put nagging thoughts to bed.
Talk to your doctor. A medical condition might be causing your sleep problems.
Source: WebMD
Source: WebMD
Tips for getting a good night's sleep
Practice healthy habits during the day:
Go to bed and wake up at the same time each day
Try to get at least 30 min of sunlight
Exercise regularly, but not within 2-3 hours before bedtime
Don't take naps after 3 pm
Avoid caffeine and nicotine
Avoid alcoholic drinks before bed
Avoid large meals and drinks late at night
Avoid medicines that delay or disrupt your sleep, if possible
Create a good sleep environment:
Use a comfortable mattress and pillow, if possible
Keep the room temperature cool
Avoid distractions such as noises, bright lights, clocks, TVs and computers
Take time to relax before going to bed:
Read a book or listen to music, and turn off the TV and electronic devices
Take a hot bath or shower, which will adjust your body temperature and help you relax
Source: NIH
PHYSICAL ACTIVITY
Regular physical activity is one of the most important things you can do for your health.
Being physically active can improve your mental health and sleep quality, help manage weight, reduce the risk of disease, strengthen bones and muscles, and improve your ability to do everyday activities.
The way you get your physical activity looks different for everyone, but developing healthy habits in your teen years leads to greater health and satisfaction in the short term while setting up habits that can last well into adulthood.
Source: CDC & Healthline
How much physical activity do teens need?
60 minutes or more of moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity each day.
Aerobic activity: Most of the daily 60 minutes should include activities like walking, running, or anything that makes their hearts beat faster. At least 3 days a week should include vigorous-intensity activities.
Muscle-strengthening: Includes activities like climbing or doing push-ups, at least 3 days per week.
Bone-strengthening: Includes activities such as jumping or running, at least 3 days per week.
Source: CDC
Benefits of regular physical activity
less tension, stress, mental fatigue
better quality sleep
a natural energy boost
a sense of achievement
more focus and motivation
feeling less angry or frustrated
a healthy appetite
having fun
improve muscular and cardiorespiratory fitness
improve bone and functional health
reduce the risk of high blood pressure, coronary heart disease, stroke, diabetes, various types of cancer, and depression
helps maintain a healthy body weight
Source: WHO & Mental Health Foundation
Importance of physical activity to mental health
Exercise improves mental health by reducing anxiety, depression, and negative mood and by improving self-esteem and cognitive function. Exercise has also been found to alleviate symptoms such as low self-esteem and social withdrawal.
It has also been shown that exercise can improve attention, focus, memory, cognition, language fluency, and decision-making.
Source: NIH
Different types of activities
Physical activity or exercise can take many different forms, take a look at this list for ways to get your exercise in!
Walking
Jogging/Running
Biking
Active recreation, such as kayaking, hiking, swimming
House and yard work, such as sweeping, scrubbing or pushing a lawn mower
Playing active games or sports
Jumping rope
Martial arts
Vigorous dancing
Resistance exercises using body weight, resistance bands, weight machines, hand-held weights
Some forms of yoga
Negative effects of physical inactivity
Lack of physical activity has clearly been shown to be a risk factor for cardiovascular disease and other conditions:
Less active and less fit people have a greater risk of developing high blood pressure.
Physical activity can reduce your risk for type 2 diabetes.
Studies show that physically active people are less likely to develop coronary heart disease than those who are inactive. This is even after researchers accounted for smoking, alcohol use, and diet.
Lack of physical activity can add to feelings of anxiety and depression.
Physical inactivity may increase the risk of certain cancers.
Physically active overweight or obese people significantly reduced their risk for disease with regular physical activity.
Older adults who are physically active can reduce their risk for falls and improve their ability to do daily activities.
Source: John Hopkins Medicine
How much exercise is too much?
Some people are naturally more active than others, but too much training can lead to injury, reduced immunity, sleeplessness, and depression. Additionally a hyper-focus on the body can lead to disordered eating and a compulsion to burn excessive calories.
Signs you might be getting too much exercise include:
Anxiety surrounding workouts
Fear about or unwillingness to miss a workout
Significant body changes (bulking up or weight loss) in a short time
Isolation from old friends and/or reluctance to participate in former hobbies in favor of working out
Loss of menstrual period
Restricted eating
Frequent injuries
Any of these might happen occasionally, but it is a cause for convcern if any of these behaviors becaome a predominant pattern.
Source: Healthline
OPIOID OVERDOSE
What are opioids?
Opioids are a class of drugs that include the illegal drug heroin, synthetic opioids such as fentanyl, and some pain relievers available legally by prescription, such as oxycodone or morphine.
When used correctly under a healthcare provider's direction, prescription pain medicines are helpful. However, misusing prescription opioids risks dependence, addiction, and overdose.
The best ways to prevent opioid overdose deaths are to improve safe opioid prescribing, reduce exposure to opioids, prevent misuse, and treat opioid use disorder.
Source: US Department of Health and Human Services
What is an opioid overdose?
An opioid overdose is the physical and mental symptoms that occur after taking too many opioids.
An overdose can be life-threatening and requires immediate emergency care.
Signs of an overdose:
Small, constricted “pinpoint pupils”
Falling asleep or loss of consciousness
Slow, shallow breathing
Choking or gurgling sounds
Limp body
Pale, blue, or cold skin
Sources: Mayo Clinic and CDC
What is fentanyl?
Fentanyl is a synthetic opioid and a major contributor to fatal and nonfatal overdoses in the U.S.
Learn more about fentanyl HERE.
Some drug dealers are mixing fentanyl with other drugs, such as heroin, cocaine, methamphetamine, and MDMA. This is especially risky because a person's drugs could be laced with a lethal dose of fentanyl and they wouldn't know it.
Source: NIH
One Pill Can Kill
Criminal drug networks are mass-producing fake pills and falsely marketing them as legitimate prescription pills to deceive the American public
Fake pills often contain fentanyl or methamphetamine and can be deadly. They are commonly sold on social media and made to look like prescription drugs
It is possible to overdose the first time you take these drugs. See Collin's story.
Source: DEA
What is Naloxone/NARCAN?
Naloxone is a medication designed to rapidly reverse opioid overdose. It can very quickly restore normal respiration to a person whose breathing has slowed or stopped as a result of an opioid overdose.
Naloxone is a safe medicine. It only reverses overdoses in people with opioids in their systems. If Naloxone is administered to a person not experiencing an opioid overdose, the medication has little to no effect on the person.
Learn more HERE
Source: NIH
Where to get Naloxone/NARCAN?
You can get NARCAN Nasal Spray over the counter at pharmacies like Rite Aid and CVS for $30 to $50
Huntington Hospital will give you NARCAN Nasal Spray for free if you ask for it
80% of overdoses happen in the home. You never know who might be at risk, it's a good idea to stock your home with NARCAN Nasal Spray.
Learn more HERE
Responding to an Overdose
1. Identify opioid overdose and check for response
ASK the person if they are okay and shout their name.
Check for signs of opioid overdose:
Will not wake up or respond to your voice or touch
Breathing is very slow, irregular, or has stopped
The center part of their eye is very small, sometimes called "pinpoint pupils"
Call 911
Tell the 911 dispatcher, “I think someone has overdosed!”
In California, it is not a crime to report an overdose, both you and the overdose victim will not be arrested for drug or paraphernalia possession. You can save a life.
2. Give NARCAN Nasal Spray
Lay the person on their back to receive a dose of NARCAN Nasal Spray
Remove NARCAN Nasal Spray from the box
Peel back the tab with the circle to open the NARCAN Nasal Spray
Hold the NARCAN Nasal Spray with your thumb on the bottom of the plunger and your first and middle fingers on either side of the nozzle
Gently insert the tip of the nozzle into either nostril.
Tilt the person's head back and provide support under the neck with your other hand. Gently insert the tip of the nozzle into one nostril, until your fingers on either side of the nozzle are against the bottom of the person's nose.
Press the red plunger firmly to give the dose of NARCAN Nasal Spray.
Remove the NARCAN Nasal Spray from the nostril after giving the dose.
3. Call for emergency medical help, Evaluate, and Support
Get emergency medical help right away. Naloxone only works in the body for 30 to 90 minutes. It is possible for a person to still experience the effects of an overdose after naloxone wears off which is why it is important to seek medical attention immediately.
Move the person on their side (either side- recovery position) after giving NARCAN Nasal Spray
Move the person's arm under their head to support their neck
Bend the person's top leg forward to stop their body from rolling onto their stomach
Watch the person closely.
If the person does not respond by waking up, to voice or touch, or breathing normally, another dose may be given. NARCAN Nasal Spray may be dosed every 2 to 3 minutes, if available.
Repeat Step 2 using a new NARCAN Nasal Spray to give another dose into the other nostril. If additional NARCAN Nasal Sprays are available, repeat Step 2 every 2 to 3 minutes until the person responds or emergency medical help is received.
Source: Naloxone Exchange
Good Samaritan Laws
Good Samaritan Laws states that people who administer medical or non-medical assistance in an emergency in good faith without expecting compensation, won't be held liable for their acts or omissions (it protects a person from getting sued for helping or not helping).
Many overdose deaths are preventable, yet people often fear arrest if they call 9-1-1 for help at the scene of a drug overdose. Good Samaritan Laws are also designed to encourage people to seek medical care for the overdose victim by providing limited protection from arrest, charge, and/or prosecution for low-level drug violations.
Source: Santa Clara County Behavioral Health
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