Emergence occurs under a situation where the possibilities are limited to a very small number. If the possibilities are limited to only one, the process is determined. As the process allows more possibilities emergence can happen. As the possible outcomes of a process continue to increase, at some point the process becomes chaotic; and at an even greater number of possibilities, it becomes dissipative. But where emergence occurs there is a very small number of possibilities and that allows the emergence rule to apply. Since there are a small number of possibilities the results cannot be totally random. But because there is more than one possibility, the results of the process show an unexpected pattern.
Genetics is emergence and relates to the emergent set of rules. These rules then imply that the resultant be dampened rather than be repressed. The important difference is that the emergent process is never determined, but only strongly limited so that the emergence can introduce a new pattern into the result. Then the result is more than the sum of the components. But if genetics is emergence, present genetic theory is missing the point. It is claimed that DNA determines the processes of life. As emergence, DNA should only establish the limits that allow patterns to form.
Jerome Heath