Viking & Dark Ages

Men's Clothing

Vikingatida herreman Jacket

wool - handsewn

Rus Hat

wool - handsewn

silver terminal made by Birka Traders

Birka grave 832

Source location: Birka, Sweden

Dating from : 10th C

Collection information: Staten Historiska Museum, Stockholm, Bj 832

This caftan is based primarily on findings from Birka grave 832, a chamber tomb from the 900's with a man from the upper social layer. In the tomb archaeologists found the remains apart from caftan a sword, a weapon knife, spear and arrow heads, arms, beads with gold foil and a great horse with silver bridle fitting. It's certainly about a man high up in the hierarchy of Birka, but his direct function becomes difficult to pinpoint

Pattern & Historical info from - Historiska Varldar

http://histvarld.historiska.se/draekter/vherreman/kaftan.html

Birka grave 644

Source location: Birka, Sweden

Dating from : 10th C

Collection information: Staten Historiska Museum, Stockholm, Bj 644

Birka grave 581

Source location: Birka, Sweden

Dating from : 10th C

Staten Historiska Museum, Stockholm, Bj 581

References:

Viking to Crusader, Scandinavia and Europe 800 - 1200, 1992. Cat no.133

Rus Trader by Peter Beatson

http://www.miklagard.nvg.org.au/costume/rus/trader/rus_main.htm

Link to Museum photos of original

http://mis.historiska.se/mis/sok/fid.asp?fid=106506http://mis.historiska.se/mis/sok/fid.asp?fid=106830

Hat with Tablet weaving

wool - handsewn

In Ibn Fadlan travelogue of the Vikings on the Volga mention just a cap of fabric and leather (there brocade and sable).

Birka grave 958

Source location: Birka, Sweden

Dating from : 10th C

Collection information: Staten Historiska Museum, Stockholm, Bj 958

Drawing grave 958

as a model for the reconstruction of the hat, we have used finds from grave 958 at Birka. It is a rundkullig cap that could look something like this. Photo by Arbmans "Birka - die Gräber", pages 383rd

Pattern & Historical info from - Historiska Varldar

http://histvarld.historiska.se/draekter/vherreman/mossa.html

Birka: Die Gräber, Volume 1. Holger Arbman

http://michael-engel.io.ua/album326704

Phrygian Cap

wool - hand sewn

Many illustrations from the period of warriors show them wearing what appears to be a phrygian cap

Anglo-Saxon sword dance. From the MS. Cleopatra, C. viii., British Museum

London, British Library, Cotton MS Cleopatra C.viii, Psychomachia, Prudentius, Canterbury, Christ Church, late 10th century

http://ogimages.bl.uk/images/011/011COTCLEC00008U00012V00[SVC2].jpg

Perez-Higuera Page 15. Fulda Calendar (Berlin, Bibiothek National, ms. Theol. Lat. F. 192) 975

Figure B - Perez-Higuera Page 42. Statues in the Parma Baptistry, Italy 1196

Ms. Cotton. Claudius.B.IV in the British Library

The Magi as represented in the mosaics from San Apollinare Nuovo, Ravenna. The mosiacs date from approximately the late 6th C.

http://www.regia.org/helmet.htm

A Phrygian cap on the tomb of Geoffrey Platagenet in Le Mans Cathedral, 12th C.

http://www.angevintreasures.com/aenor/menhat.htm

4th C. - Sheperd shows Roman Soldeirs the way through the hills of Epirus

http://www.whitestagandfox.org/temair/pics/projects/PhrygianDoc1.jpg

Påsbyxor - Hedeby Pants

This type of pants can be found depicted on picture stones from Gotland, and they have found the remains of a pair of pants that are likely to be of this model at the excavations in Hedeby harbor.

Pattern & Historical info from - Historiska Varldar http://histvarld.historiska.se/draekter/vherreman/pasbyxor.html

Oseberg Tapestry, Oseberg Ship Find

Source location: Oseberg, Norway

Dating from : 800 - 850 CE

Collection information: Universitetets Oldsaksamling, Oslo, Oseberg

References:

Hougen 1940

Viking Men: Trousers By Hilde Thunem http://urd.priv.no/viking/bukser.html

Link to Museum photos of original

http://www.unimus.no/foto/#/I=260102KHM

http://www.unimus.no/foto/#/I=260191KHM

http://www.unimus.no/foto/#/I=260188KHM

Picture Stones

The Stora Hammars image stones are fourViking Age image stones located in Stora Hammars, Lärbro parish, Gotland, Sweden

Source location: Larbö ,Gotland, Sweden

Dating from : 700–800 CE

Collection information: Staten Historiska Museum, Stockholm, SHM 33763

References:

Hammer of the North, Myths& Heroes of the Viking Age, Magnusson 1976

Link to Museum photos of original

http://www.flickr.com/photos/historiska/6920559867/in/photostream

Bernuthsfeld Shirt

tunic of bog body Bernuthsfeld Man dating to 680 and 775 AD. The tunic consists of 45 pieces of cloth from 20 different textiles in 9 different weaving patterns Found in 1907 in Hogehahn Bog near Tannenhausen (Landkreis Aurich), Lower Saxony, Germany.

Source location: Bernuthsfeld Germany

Dating from : 7th - 8th C

Collection information: Ostfriesisches State Museum

Link to Museum photos of original

http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Bernuthsfeld_Tunic_back.jpg

http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Bernuthsfeld_Tunic_front.jpg

References:

Textilfunde der Eisenzeit in Norddeutschland. Neumünster : K. Wachholtz, 1976 by Schlabow, Karl.

http://www.kelticos.org/forum/viewtopic.php?f=15&t=759

FROM FLAX TO LINEN - Experiments with flax at Ribe Viking Centre Page 76

http://ribevikingecenter.dk/media/10424/Flaxreport.pdf

http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mann_von_Bernuthsfeld

Viborg Shirt

Source location: Viborg, Søndersø, Denmark

Dating from : 11th C

Collection information: Viborg Museum, Denmark

References:

FENTZ, Mytte: An 11th century linen shirt from Viborg”. Translated from “En hørskjorte fra 1000- årenes Viborg”, appeared in KUML 1987, Årbog for Jysk Arkælogisk Selskab

(The article can also be found on the Internet at

http://homepages.ihug.co.nz/~mforest/Medieval/articles/Viborg/VIBORG.HTM

Vikingeskjorten fra Viborg”. A publication by Viborg Stiftsmuseum

FROM FLAX TO LINEN - Experiments with flax at Ribe Viking Centre

http://ribevikingecenter.dk/media/10424/Flaxreport.pdf

Hedeby Jacket

Source location: Hedeby / Haithabu Denmark. ( Now in Germany, near the Danish border)

Dating from : 10th C

Collection information: Catalog no: Hedeby 19B

References:

Hägg, Inga. Die Textilfunde aus dem Hafen von Haithabu. Berichte über die Ausgrabungen in Haithabu, Bericht 20. Neumünster: Karl Wachholtz Verlag, 1984. Careful catalogue includes analysis of Hedeby fragment 19B from 10th century Denmark.

Medieval Textiles - Trade Cloaks: Icelandic Supplementary - Weft Pile Textiles ( shaggy cloaks )

http://www.vikinganswerlady.com/FTP_Files/ThorasVararfeldrArticle.pdf

See Recreation Notes

Thorsberg Pants

Source location: Schleswig-Holstein, Germany

Dating from : Mid 4th C

Collection information: Schleswig-Holsteinisches Landesmuseum de:Schloss Gottorf, Germany

References:

Hald, Margrethe. Ancient Danish Textiles from Bogs and Burials. Archaeological-Historical Series Vol. XXI. Copenhagen: The National Museum of Denmark, 1980. ISBN 87-480-0312-3.

Viking Men: TrousersBy Hilde Thunem

http://urd.priv.no/viking/bukser.html

Skjoldehamn Over Tunic

4 gored Tunic

It has gores set in the front and on the sides. It is made of a 4-shafted twill.

In 1936, a body was found in a bog near Skjold harbor (Skjoldehamn), on the Norwegian island of Andøya. In total, along with the skeleton, an under tunic, over tunic, pants, hood, hose, leg wrappings, shoes, braided belt and knife handle were found. It appears they were wrapped in a checked fabric blanket, and laid upon a reindeer skin

Source location: Skjold harbor, Skjoldehamn, Andøya, Norway

Dating from : 995 - 1029 AD

Collection information: Lofotr Vikingmuseum

Link to Museum photos of original

References:

Nye tanker om Skjoldehamnfunnet” by Dan Halvard Løvlid

The Skjoldehamn find in the light of new knowledge By Dan Halvard Løvlid & English Translation by Carol Lynn

http://www.ceilingpress.com/Resources/SkjoldehamnFindInLightofNewKnowledge.pdf

New thoughts on the Skjoldehamn Find by Baroness Gwynnyd

http://www.expo-conv-svcs.com/Pennsic40/SkjoldehamnClassHandout.pdf

Bocksten Tunic

Bocksten Man’, the remains of a medieval male body found in a bog in Varberg Municipality, Sweden

The front and back of the Kyrtle are of a piece, in other words, there are no shoulder seams, with an opening cut for the head. The width of the Kyrtle's skirt has been increased by the the insertion of gores in the front, back and sides.

The sleeve openings are flat and somewhat differently cut. The sleeves are wide at the top, and narrow at the bottom. The left sleeve is cut in one piece with two small gores underneath. The right consists of two pieces joined together; a larger at the front, and narrower one at the back. Like the left sleeve, it has two gores underneath. The sleeves have a 1cm hem at the cuff

Source location: Varberg, Sweden

Dating from : 1350-1370

Collection information: Hallands kulturhistoriska museum

Link to Museum photos of original

http://www.hkm.varberg.se/bockstensmannen/kladerna/

References:

Bockstensmannen

http://michael-engel.io.ua/album316496

Rus Kaftan

wool & silk

Mostchevaya Balka kaftans

Moshchevaya Balka Alanian-Adygo burial site from the Caucasus, that preserved clothing due to climatic conditions

Silk (samite), squirrel fur

Source location: Mostchevaya Balka Russia - Grave 2 ( Male)

Dating from : 8th - 9th C

Collection information: State Hermitage Museum, St Petersberg , Russia

References:

Rus Trader by Peter Beatson

http://www.miklagard.nvg.org.au/costume/rus/trader/rus_main.htm

Link to Museum photos of original

http://www.museum.ru/imgB.asp?37100http://www.museum.ru/imgB.asp?37099http://www.museum.ru/imgB.asp?37102http://steppes.proboards.com/index.cgi?board=board19&action=display&thread=1225 http://www.hermitagemuseum.org/html_En/08/hm89_0_0_31_0.html

Belt & pouch & Knife

leather - handsewn

fittings made by Birka Traders

knife made by Wayne Robinson

Belt:

The leather belt is reconstructed from a 10th C. Swedish example from Birka grave Bj913 (Arbman 1940-3; Jansson 1986; 1988). The many bronze mounts are probably of nomadic origin. Overall design was based on reconstructions of similar belts (reviewed Jansson 1986). The 'D'-shaped mounts were substituted from a single find from the 'Black Earth' (urban area) of Birka (Jansson 1986), the remainder were copied from the set in grave Bj913

Birka grave 913

Source location: Birka, Sweden

Dating from : 10th C.

Collection information: Staten Historiska Museum, Stockholm, Bj 913

Link to Museum photos of original

http://mis.historiska.se/mis/sok/fid.asp?fid=107361

Purse:

10th century, from Birka grave Bj731, as reconstructed by Graslund (1984). The bag is of wool 'rep' weave (tabby is substituted here, for reasons explained above), the lid is of two leather layers with an edge binding of leather. Of the two straps, one is functional (engaging a buckle), the other decorative, with cast bronze animal head mounts (as those of Bj731 were severely corroded, purse mounts from Bj904 (Arbman 1940-3) were substituted)

Birka grave 731

Source location: Birka, Sweden

Dating from : 10th C.

Collection information: Staten Historiska Museum, Stockholm, Bj 731

References:

Rus Trader by Peter Beatson http://www.miklagard.nvg.org.au/costume/rus/trader/rus_main.htm

Knife:

Rus Knife – 9th Century

The knife is based on photos taken by Chris Morgan at The Hermitage museum in Russia and augmented by photos Wayne Robinson took of similar period knives in the Yorkshire Museum in York.

Source location: Rus

Dating from : 9th C.

Collection information: The Hermitage museum in Russia

References:

Rus Knife – 9th Century by Wayne Robinson

http://leatherworkingreverend.wordpress.com/2009/07/05/rus-knife-9th-century/

References:

Seax typology by Kirk Lee Spencer

http://www.myarmoury.com/talk/download.php?id=26739

http://www.myarmoury.com/talk/download.php?id=26738

Seax and Leather Belt

leather - handsewn

purchased from Armstreet

Novgorod Boots

Source location: Novgorod Russia

Dating from :

Collection information:

References:

original pattern found in 1994 at "Rurikovo gorodische" - ancient Novgorod that is one of the oldest and the strongest North Europe strongholds

http://armstreet.com/catalogue/full/short-celtic-medieval-shoes-2.jpg

Viking footwear known as Osebergskängan, in Oseberg ship find.

Source location: Oseberg, Norway

Dating from : 800 - 850 CE

Collection information: Universitetets Oldsaksamling, Oslo, Oseberg

References:

Hald, Margarethe. Primitive Shoes: An Archaeological-Ethnological Study Based Upon Shoe Finds from the Jutland Peninsula. Copenhagen: The National Museum of Denmark, 1972

http://vitezek.io.ua/album213075

Link to Museum photos of original

http://www.unimus.no/foto/#/I=56568KHM

http://www.unimus.no/foto/#/I=56570KHM

http://www.unimus.no/foto/#/I=56569KHM

Coppergate Shoe / Jorvik Shoe

Shoe (756) with single piece wrap-around upper from

Source location: Parliament St., York England

Dating from : 10th - 13th C.

Collection information: Jorvik Centre York England

References:

Shoe from Parliment St. York by Peter Beatson

http://members.ozemail.com.au/~chrisandpeter/shoe/construction.html

The Archaeology of York 17/16

Leather and Leatherworking in Anglo-Scandinavian and Medieval York

by Quita Mould, Ian Carlisle and Esther Cameron

Pendant, Thor’s hammer.

Iron.

Source location: Björkö, Adelsö, Uppland, Sweden.

Dating from : Viking

Collection information: Staten Historiska Museum, Stockholm SHM 35000

Link to Museum photos of original

http://www.flickr.com/photos/historiska/6880530365/in/photostream

Pendant.

Silver.

The pendant is in the shape of a male head.

Source location: Grave find, Aska, Hagebyhöga, Östergötland, Sweden.

Dating from : Viking

Collection information: Staten Historiska Museum, Stockholm SHM 16560

Link to Museum photos of original

http://www.flickr.com/photos/historiska/6851547635/in/photostream

Pendant. Dragon beastie

A small brooch, some 4 cm in size, from Fröjel Viking Port of trade, dated to 10th-11th century.

Source location: Fröjel Viking Port Gotland Sweden

Dating from : 10th-11th c

Collection information: ArkeoDok Visby, Gotland Sweden

Link to Museum photos of original

http://www.gotland-fieldschool.com/photo-gallery/dragon.html

Hood, Skjoldehamn,

Source location: Skjold harbor, Skjoldehamn, Andøya, Norway

Dating from : 995-1029 AD

Collection information: Lofotr Vikingmuseum

Link to Museum photos of original

http://photo.qip.ru/photo/rusia/1249634/118294587.jpg

http://www.unimus.no/foto/#/I=30411TMU

http://www.unimus.no/foto/#/I=30414TMU

http://www.unimus.no/foto/#/I=30415TMU

http://www.unimus.no/foto/#/I=30416TMU

References:

Nye tanker om Skjoldehamnfunnet” by Dan Halvard Løvlid

The Skjoldehamn find in the light of new knowledge By Dan Halvard Løvlid & English Translation by Carol Lynn

http://www.ceilingpress.com/Resources/SkjoldehamnFindInLightofNewKnowledge.pdf

New thoughts on the Skjoldehamn Find by Baroness Gwynnyd

http://www.expo-conv-svcs.com/Pennsic40/SkjoldehamnClassHandout.pdf

Skjoldehamn Blanket - Retangle Cloak

Source location: Skjold harbor, Skjoldehamn, Andøya, Norway

Dating from : 995-1029 AD

Collection information: Lofotr Vikingmuseum

Link to Museum photos of original

http://photo.qip.ru/photo/rusia/1249634/118294591.jpg

http://www.unimus.no/foto/#/I=30411TMU

http://www.unimus.no/foto/#/I=30416TMU

http://www.unimus.no/foto/#/I=30402TMU

http://www.unimus.no/foto/#/I=30403TMU

References:

Nye tanker om Skjoldehamnfunnet” by Dan Halvard Løvlid

The Skjoldehamn find in the light of new knowledge By Dan Halvard Løvlid & English Translation by Carol Lynn

http://www.ceilingpress.com/Resources/SkjoldehamnFindInLightofNewKnowledge.pdf

New thoughts on the Skjoldehamn Find by Baroness Gwynnyd

http://www.expo-conv-svcs.com/Pennsic40/SkjoldehamnClassHandout.pdf

Hedeby Pouch Bag

handles - golden elm

wool material Hand woven Gotland wool

lined with pure linen

hand sewn

reference on the wooden Hedeby Pouch Bag handles finds from

" Die Holzfunde von Haithabu" by Florian Westphal

see more photos and info about it on this page

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