Elementary Science Praxis Exam 5

Elementary Education Praxis II Science Exam 5

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• 1. What is the difference between vascular and non-vascular plants?

     1.  Vascular plants produce seeds, and non-vascular plants do not.

     2.  Non-vascular plants are more complex.

     3.  Vascular plants always produce asexually.

     4.  Vascular plants have xylem and phloem.

  2. What theories is Albert Einstein not famous for?

• • 1.  The Photoelectric Effect.

    2.  The Theories of Relativity (General and Special).

    3.  The Quantum Uncertainty Principle.

    4.  The Theory of Density Fluctuation in Gases and Liquids.

• 3. Helen noticed that bridges had more ice on them than regular roads during the winter. She formulated a suggested explanation that it was because the road got colder there than elsewhere, and decided to slow down when crossing bridges. This reasonable proposal for why bridges are more icy than roads is an example of which of the following?

• • 1.  A scientific fact.

    2.  An inference.

    3.  A hypothesis.

    4.  An observation.

• 4. According to current theory, only two things are necessary for the creation of a star.  What are they?

• • 1.  Hydrogen and helium.

    2.  Gravity and hydrogen.

    3.  Interstellar gas and gravity.

    4.  Hydrogen and oxygen.

• 5. Ground water and surface water become polluted by

• • 1.  runoff from pesticides used on gardens and farms

    2. improper disposal of chemical and nuclear waste

    3.  deposit of untreated sewage into rivers and lakes

    4.  all of the above

• 6. Gause's Law is a proposition that states that two species competing for the same resource cannot coexist. Which of the following is another name for Gause's Law?

• • 1.  The Resource Exclusion Principle.

    2.  The Null Competitor Hypothesis.

    3.  The Niche Stability Principle.

    4.  The Competitive Exclusion Principle.

• 7. Which of the following processes changes liquid water into water vapor?

• • 1.  Condensation

    2.  Precipitation

    3.  Distillation

    4.  Evaporation

• 8. Different colors of light have different levels of energy. Rank the colors of the rainbow from highest energy to lowest energy.

• • 1.  Red, Orange, Yellow, Green, Blue, Indigo, Violet.

    2.  Violet, Orange, Red, Green, Blue, Indigo, Yellow.

    3.  Violet, Indigo, Blue, Green, Yellow, Orange, Red.

    4.  Yellow, Indigo, Blue, Green, Red, Orange.

• 9. What do the number of protons affect in the atom?

• • 1.  Its charge.

    2.  Its shape.

    3.  Its size.

    4.  The number of isotopes.

• 10. About forty years ago the first manned trip to the moon occurred. Why do you suppose it has taken so long to get a successful manned trip to Mars?

• • 1.  The distance is too far.

    2.  It is technically impossible.

    3.   There is nothing worth finding there.

    4.  Unmanned trips are much more cost-effective than manned trips.

• 11. Two moles of hydrogen gas will combine with how many moles of oxygen gas to produce two moles of water?

• • 1.  Two.

    2.   One.

    3.   Three.

    4.  Impossible to say.

• 12. In order for the body to maintain homeostasis, the chemical decomposition of food to produce energy must be followed by

• • 1.  Water intake

    2.  Muscle contractions

    3.  Waste removal

    4.  Nervous impulses

• 13. Newton's First Law is also known as the Law of Inertia. What is inertia?

• • 1.  F=ma.

    2.  Momentum.

    3.  The acceleration of gravity.

    4.  The equal and opposite reaction.

• 14. What is the definition of climate?

• • 1.  The variant extremes of weather at a location.

    2.  An average of all weather conditions at a location over a long period of time.

    3.  The mean weather conditions at a location.

    4.  The average weather conditions at a location.

• 15. Which of the following refers to carboxyl acid?

• • 1.  Organic acids.

    2.  Organic lipids which form acids in solution.

    3.  Organic acids with a -COOH group.

    4.  Organic acid with a -COH group.

• 16. What does the following diagram illustrate?

• • 1.  A star configuration.

    2.  A constellation.

    3.  Relative distance of stars.

    4.  Brightness of stars.

• 17. Continental ice sheets, polar ice sheets and alpine glaciers are most indicative of a(n)

• • 1.  stone age

    2.  bronze age

    3.   iron age

    4.   ice age

• 18. What is the main difference between eukaryotic cells and prokaryotic cells?

• • 1.  eukaryotic cells are much smaller than prokaryotic cells

    2.  eukaryotic cells have a permeable membrane and prokaryotic cells have a non-permeable membrane

    3.  eukaryotic cells have a higher rate of reproduction than prokaryotic cells

    4.  eukaryotic cells have nuclei while prokaryotic cells do not

• 19. What process does the first law of thermodynamics explain?

• • 1.  How a rocket motor works.

    2.  How an electric motor works.

    3.  The increase in heat as a gas is compressed.

    4.  Why a perpetual motion device will not work.

• 20. The theory that states that not all oil found in the Earth is created by biological processes is called which of the following?

• • 1.  Miller's Theory.

    2.  Abiogenesis.

    3.  Abiogenic origin.

    4.  Abiosis Theory.

• 21. Which of the following is an invertebrate, or does not have a backbone?

• • 1.  tiger

    2.  jellyfish

    3.  eagle

    4.  alligator

• 22. Which of the following best describes the relationship between atoms and molecules?

• • 1.  atoms revolve around the nucleus of a molecule

    2.  atoms may be broken down into molecules

    3.  molecules are made up of groups of atoms

    4.  molecules are much smaller than atoms

• 23. What part on the fungus in the graphic is represented by the question mark?

• • 1.  The spore former.

    2.  The gill.

    3. The umbral cap.

    4.  The fungus slit.

• 24. Which of the following best describes a nucleolus?

• • 1.  the "protein factory" of the cell

    2.  A small structure in the nucleus that helps in the formation of ribosomes

    3.  the "brain" of the cell

    4.  the "powerhouse" of the cell

• 25. If the moon were to be pulled twice the distance from the Earth, what would happen to the gravitational force between them?

• • 1.  It would double.

    2.  In would halve.

    3.  It would decrease by the square of the distance.

    4.  None of the above.

• 26. What was the biological process observed in sea urchin eggs that was described in 1876 by noted German biologist, Oscar Herwig?

• • 1.  Phagocytosis.

    2.  Asexual reproduction.

    3.  Meiosis.

    4.  DNA replication.

• 27. Which of the following is demonstrated by the passing of white light through a prism?

• • 1.  That white light is actually a mixture of different colors

    2.  The mass of the prism

    3.  The original light source

    4. That blue light is brighter than white light

• 28. The breaking of a glass by the sound produced from an opera singer's voice is caused by what phenomenon?

• • 1.  Loudness.

    2.  The difference in pitch.

    3.  The decibels produced.

    4.  Resonance.

• 29. The term for the cell’s “waste collector,” labeled # 4 in the diagram, is which of the following?

• • 1.  Nucleus

    2.  Vesicle

    3.  Centriole

    4.  Mitochondrion

• 30. Phagocytosis is best described by which of the following?

• • 1.  Does exocytosis.

    2.  Does cytokinesis.

    3.  Does a special form of endocytosis.

    4.  Releases waste from a contractile vacuole.

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