聲線沙啞

聲線上的問題 Voice Problem

除文法和發音外 , 一個人的聲線在人與人的溝通方面有很大的影響 . 聲線可以表達個人的情緒 . 如果聲線出現了問題 , 就難以把自己的意思清楚地表達 , 甚至會令聆聽者產生不必要的誤解 .

Beside speech and language, the voice of an individual can also serve as a mean of communication. It can express a person's emotional status and feeling. If there is voice problem, it is hard to express ideas to others clearly and accurately.

大部份的聲線問題都在下列幾方面 :

• 聲音沙啞
• 失聲
• 走音
• 音調過高 / 過低 / 欠缺變化
• 聲音過強 / 過弱 / 欠缺變化
• 不夠氣
• 喉嚨痛

Some major voice problems:

• Hoarseness / Roughness
• Breathiness (audible air escape)
• Aphonia (loss of voice)
• Vocal Fatique
• Inappropriate pitch / monopitch
• Inappropriate loudness / monoloudness
• Phonation break
• Sore throat

造成以上問題的可能成因 :

• 經常在嘈雜的環境 (如 : 馬路旁) 說話 , 導致聲帶過勞 .
• 過度長時間不停地用聲而缺乏休息 (如 : 小販整天在市場叫賣)
• 不必要地大力 (勞氣) 用聲 (如 : 斥責孩子 )
• 上呼吸道氣管感染 (如 : 傷風 , 感冒 ) 時聲帶 , 令聲帶缺乏休息而受到長期性的傷害 ( 如 : 長期咳嗽 ) .
• 聲帶受到刺激 ( 如 : 吸煙 )
• 因手術或腦部受傷而導致控制聲帶的神經失控 , 引致聲帶麻痺或功能減退 .
• 因聽覺減退而缺乏自我控制用聲的能力 .
• 受心理因素影響而導致用聲失當 ( 因緊張而令聲調長期被提高 ) .

Possible causes:

• Usually speak loudly in noisy area, it leads vocal fatique.
• Continuous talking without rest (e.g. hawker)
• Effortful talking (e.g. punishing children)
• Upper respiratory infection (e.g. flu) alters the condition of vocal cord
• Coughing for a long period.
• Smoking or inhaling polluted air
• Nerve damage due to operation or head trauma.
• Hearing impairment leads improper control of voice.
• Psychological problem ( e.g. inappropriate high pitch due to stress) .

以上的成因都可以導令聲帶受傷 , 使聲帶產生變化 ( 如 : 發炎 , 瘜肉 , 麻痺 ) , 聲線就會出現問題 . 如果發現聲線出現問題 , 就要去找耳鼻喉專科醫生 , 由他們作出初部的診斷和檢查 , 找出問題的原因 . 如果有須要, 他們會轉介至言語治療師 , 由他們安排適當的聲線護理和用聲技考訓練 .

All of these causes can damage our vocal cords. The codition of vocal cord can be altered (e.g. infection, nodules , palsy). It can change our voice quality. If voice problem is found, you have to contact Eas-Nose-Throat (ENT) doctor. S/he can assess your problem, predict possible causes and make recommendation. If necessary, ENT doctor can refer the case to speech therapist for voice therapy.

所有資料只可作參考用途 , 詳情請諮詢醫生或言語治療師

參考資料來源: "聲線問題知多少" 香港言語治療主任(醫療)工會 編制

Just for reference. For further information, please consult medical professionals or speech therapists.

Reference source:

Colton, R.H. & Casper, J.K. (1990) Understanding Voice Problem. Baltimore: Williams & Wilkins