香港的言語治療

溝通障礙及香港的言語治療師

Communication difficulties and Speech Therapist in Hong Kong

有科學家曾經指出 , 人類和其他動物的最大分別在於我們懂得使用語言作為溝通的工具 .

姑勿論這位科學家的言論是否真確 , 自古以來 , 人們已經能夠有效地使用說話來表達自己 , 用耳朵來聆聽他人的說話 . 憑著說話和聆聽 , 人們互相交流經驗和知識 , 改善生活 , 達至文明 .

Some scientists said that the major difference between human beings and other animals is that human being can use speech and language for communication.

We are not going to judge whether those scientists are correct or not. Actually, human beings are able to use speech to language to express ourselves and comprehend from others. They improve their lives through communication with each others.

語言發展的過程 Language Development of Human

可是 , 並不是人人都可以有效地說話和聆聽 . 一些不幸的人 , 基於各種不同的原因 , 在說話和或在聆聽方面出現了不同程度上的阻礙 . 如果我們對他們了解多一點 , 便會懂得如何正確地面對他們 , 令他們可以過正常人的生活 .

However, it is not true that everybody can communicate with others without difficulties. Some unfortunate individuals have some communication disorders in different ways. They have problems on expressing and comprehending themselves based on different kinds of etiologies.

If we can look into these communication disorders, we can realize the difficulties of those unfortunate individuals. Thus, we can find some ways to help them to survive with dignity.

據2006年的一項研究，本港有4-5%的學童有不同程度的溝通障礙 According to a research in 2006, about 4-5% children in Hong Kong have different degrees of communication difficulties.

本港學童常見的溝通障礙 Some common communication difficulties in childhood in Hong Kong

þ 非言語方面的問題 Non-verbal means, problems at prelinquistic skills

例如: 眼神注視欠佳、溝通意欲薄弱 e.g. Poor eye contact, low communicative intention

þ 言語理解方面的問題 Inadequate receptive language skills

例如: 未能跟從指令、未能回答問題、未能作言語上的邏輯推理 e.g Difficulties in command following, question answering and verbal logical reasoning

þ 言語表達方面的問題 Inadequate expressive language skills

例如: 說話結構、內容、用途的問題 e.g. Poor expressive language form, content or use (pragmatic)

þ 咬字發音方面的問題 Articulation problem

þ 聲線上的問題 (Voice Disorder)

þ 說話流暢度方面的問題 Fluency problem (dysfluency)

例如: 口吃 e.g. Stuttering

• 會引致言語溝通障礙的病情 Some Disorders causes Communication Difficulties:

弱智 Mental retardation

大腦麻痺 Cerebral Palsy

唐氏綜合症 Down's Syndrome

自閉症 Autism

中風 Cerebral Vascular Accident (CVA, stroke)

聽覺上的問題 (Hearing Impairment)

• 現行的本港的復康及醫療體制，處理溝通障礙的專業人士為「言語治療師」
• According the medical and rehabilitation services in Hong Kong, "Speech Therapist' is the professional provides the assessment and treatment to persons with communication difficulties.

本港的言語治療師服務 Speech Therapy service in Hong Kong

• 為有溝通障礙及吞嚥障礙人士提供評估及相關的訓練 Provide assessment and treatment to people with communication difficulties or swallowing difficulties
• 支援照顧者對有關人士提供訓練 Support their families
• 促進有關人士的溝通及吞嚥能力 Facilitate and promote people with communication difficulties or swallowing difficulties to improve their communication and swallowing in daily living

本港言語治療師對溝通障礙所使用的評估工具

本港言語治療師處理發音障礙時所用的音標 The phonetic symbols using by speech therapist in Hong Kong

因香港長久以來未有一個統一的粵語拼音系統，其一是黃錫凌《粵音韻彙》所載的標音系統，亦即大部份中文字典及教師常用的標音方法，而言語治療師及一般的發音評估測試則使用國際音標(IPA)，部份標音符號會與國際音標(IPA)有少許分別。現表列如下：

Hong Kong has two major phonetic symbols systems. One is based on S.L Wong 《粵音韻彙》, that is what typical dictionary and teacher commonly used. Another is the International Phonetic Symbol (IPA), which is used by speech therapist and some articulation tests. These two systems have some difference in between, as shown as below.

查找粵音字詞 Phonetic inventory：A Chinese-Cantonese Syllabary - 黃錫凌《粵音韻彙》電子版

粵音發音方法 Learning Speech： http://www.hkedcity.net/resources/common/res_detail.phtml?res_cntr_id=32884 (影片 video)

http://www.hkedcity.net/resources/common/res_detail.phtml?res_cntr_id=32885 (教材套 software)

本港言語治療師的執業情況 Current speech therapists in Hong Kong

聲明: 香港言語治療師的執業並無法定註冊制度 Important notes: No official registration required for speech therapist practice in Hong Kong

香港言語治療師均需持用由香港大學頒授的「理學士(言語及聽覺科學)」學士學位 或 同等學歷；同時需具有一定臨床實習時間。Speech therapists in Hong Kong are the degree holder of BSc (Speech and Hearing Science) by the University of Hong Kong or equivalence, in addition to a certain sum of clinical hours.

合資格的言語治療師可加入 香港言語治療師協會(HKAST) 成為正式會員 (Full member) ，故有興趣人士可聯絡香港言語治療師協會查核某人的「言語治療師」的資格，香港言語治療師協會亦有提供在本港私人執業的言語治療師名冊。Qualified speech therapists are eligible to apply full membership in the Hong Kong Association of Speech Therapists (HKAST). Therefore, interested parties may contact HKAST to enquire whether a person is a speech therapist or not. HKAST also provides a list of private practice speech therapists in Hong Kong.

香港言語治療師協會提供的公營言語治療師服務電話及地址

The telephone number of public speech therapy service in Hong Kong by HKAST

香港言語治療師協會提供的香港私人執業言語治療師搜尋器

The private practice speech therapist search engine in Hong Kong by HKAST

所有資料只可作參考用途 , 本網不會對此負任何責任 For reference only, this site will not take any responsibilities.

有興趣人士宜諮詢所屬專業人士 Interest parties are recommended to discuss with respected professionals

本頁最後更新 : 16/7/2011

Copyright (c) 2006 K.M. Lau 本頁內容受版權保護