Following are slips I submitted to the OED:
KNORR etym.
OE cnear should be noted as a cognate of or, more probably, a borrowing from ON (cf. Clark Hall A concise Anglo-Saxon dictionary, s.v.) (AHH)
SHELF etym.
cf. OE scielfe `deck' (Schepper Die Namen der Schiffe und Schiffsteile im Altenglischen (1908 diss.) in Sandahl Middle English sea terms I. 21)
ALLANGOSE (NOTIN) etym.
perhaps `stringer'; prob. ME allonge (OE andlang) `longitudinal' plus obscure second element
Sandahl Middle English sea terms I. 25-6
ALOUOR (NOTIN) etym.
prob. = OF aleor (alour, alouer) `passage, crenelated gallery'
Sandahl Middle English sea terms I. 26
note: cf. F hiloire `binding strake', aileures `co[a]mings or carlings' (1611 Cotgrave, OED2 s.v. coaming), OF "les aloirs de desus le couvers" [the binding strakes on top of the deck] (138., Bréard Le compte de Clos des Galées de Rouen au XIVe s. (1893) 79); ult. from Du sloeren `binding strake' (REW 8035) (AHH)
STOP v. 4.a. antedates 1388
[1337-9 in Sandahl Middle English sea terms I. 28
can[vas] empt' pro le bemeheueds inde stoppand]
trans: canvas bought for stopping leaks around the beam-ends (AHH)
BIND sb. etym.
In sense 1.b., cf. Du bint `tie-beam, cross-beam', binden `beams in a ship'
Sandahl Middle English sea terms I. 29-30
BEND sb.4 6. etym.
This sense should be classed etymologically with bend sb.1, as "the prevailing notion is that of bracing or binding".
Sandahl Middle English sea terms I. 30
BITT etym.
directly from ON biti (the Fr term-with its Mediterranean descendants-are also from ON)
Sandahl Middle English sea terms I. 31
BOLLARD etym.
from Du polder (bolder, bollerd, bollaard) from OF poldre (poltre) (F poutre) from VLat *pullitra frrom L pullus `foal'
Sandahl Middle English sea terms I. 34
CAPSTAN(-SPIKE) 2. not in OED (naut.)
1409-11 in Sandahl Middle English sea terms I. 37
Capstanspekes
note: prob. = capstan-bar (AHH)
CANDLE(-HOOK) sb. 6. not in OED
1409-11 in Sandahl Middle English sea terms I. 37
Candelhokes
note: meaning unknown (AHH)
A-COCK-BILL antedates 1708
1578 Frobisher's third voyage 251 in Sandahl Middle English sea terms I. 37
having a little before wayed hir anker a cocke bill
BOYING (NOTIN) etym.
from MDu boeyinge (cf. Du boeiing `weather-boards') from MDu bo(e)yen (Du boien `to increase the freeboard of a ship with extra planking or wash-boards')
Sandahl Middle English sea terms I. 38
BRAND (NOTIN) etym.
from ON brandr `richly decorated stem plank'; in ME, took on meaning `topmost piece of the stem-post' (cf. OE brand-stefn, assumed to have same meaning as the ON term)
Sandahl Middle English sea terms I. 39
BREAST sb. 9. new meaning (naut.)
1951 Sandahl Middle English sea terms I. 40
The name [breast-hook] is derived from the position in the ship's bows. Breast occurs several times in E[xchequer] 36/13 (1514-5), e.g. p. 50 "Shevers of Brasse in the brest of the forecastell"
BREAST(-ROPE) sb. 11. def.
1961 R. de Kerchove International maritime dictionary (2d. ed.) s.v.
breast rope
A mooring or docking line leading at an angle of about 90 deg. with the fore-and-aft line of the vessel. Also called Breast fast.
note: = breast fast. This is the predominant meaning in mod. naut. usage. (AHH)
BULKHEAD etym.
from ME bolk `beam' from ON balkr, bolkr `beam, balk'; vowel-quality perhaps influenced by Eng bulk `cargo'
Sandahl Middle English sea terms I. 41
CARLE-BEAM sb. (NOTIN) etym.
= carling; from ME carle from ON karl `man', which was substituted for the less familiar carling
Sandahl Middle English sea terms I. 41
CARLING etym.
from ON kerling `woman; mast-step-kelson'. By early 17c., the sense was that in mod. use.
Sandahl Middle English sea terms I. 42
possible anatomical metaphor: the mast was inserted in a socket in the horizontal mast-step-kelson
Sandahl Middle English sea terms I. 70
CELURE etym.
1400-02 in Sandahl Middle English sea terms I. 26
pro pictura Nauis..in le Celeur et in le Sterne
trans: for painting the ship..in the canopy [?] and the stern (AHH)
note: this supplies the missing OF form conjectured in OED2 (AHH)
PULLEY sb.1 antedates 1324
1294-5 Exchequer 101/5/8 m.13 in Sandahl Middle English sea terms I. 46
Puly
COG-BOARD (NOTIN) etym.
oak boards used in shipbuilding; prob. of Continental origin; cf. Du kogghenborden (1363)
in Sandahl Middle English sea terms I. 48
CRAFTE (NOTIN) etym.
apparently from ON krapti, a kind of kevel-head
Sandahl Middle English sea terms I. 49
ENDLONG-TREE (NOTIN) etym.
a fore-and-aft strengthening timber; from ME endlong `longitudinal'
Sandahl Middle English sea terms I. 52
FUTTOCK etym.
perhaps from Mdu voetkijn (dimin. of voet `foot') in unrecorded sense `futtock'
Sandahl Middle English sea terms I. 59
note: perhaps from a Du dimin. of the type voeteke (AHH)
HALSING (NOTIN) etym.
prob. a var. of halse `hawse-timber' [?]
Sandahl Middle English sea terms I. 62
HOTBORD (NOTIN) etym.
meaning ? (perhaps `wash-board'); perhaps from obs. F haut bord `high freeboard'
Sandahl Middle English sea terms I. 64
ARRAITION not in OED (naut.)
[143. Exchequer 101/53/5 p.15 in Sandahl Middle English sea terms I. 65
reparacionem et arraiacionem eiusdem Balingere]
trans: repair and outfitting of the said balinger (AHH)
note: this a latinization of a Fr or Eng *arraition. OF arroy, array was used in the sense of `rigging' (Jal Glossaire nautique sv. agrès)
KEEL sb.1 etym.
from ON kjolr (sg.) or kilir (pl.)
Sandahl Middle English sea terms I. 66
KEEL sb.2 antedates [1322]/1421
1319 Cal. Pat. Rolls in Sandahl Middle English sea terms I. 66
a ship called `le Keel'
note: ref. is to Lincolnshire and the north of England
KELGRYS (NOTIN) etym.
perhaps from ON *kjolgríss (cf. Eng. keel sb.1, grice1)
Sandahl Middle English sea terms I. 67
ROWBARGE antedates 1513
1494 in Accounts of the Lord High Treasurer of Scotland I. 246 in Sandahl Middle English sea terms I. 72
rowbarge
KNORHOLT (NOTIN) etym.
of Continental origin; cf. MDu cnorhout
Sandahl Middle English sea terms I. 73
KNARHOLT (NOTIN) not in OED (naut.)
1424-5 Exchequer 364/59G in Sandahl Middle English sea terms I. 73
bord' vocatis knarroldes
note: Sandahl glosses as `thin oak board'
LASK (NOTIN) etym.
meaning possibly `scarf', more probably `fish-piece'; from Mdu lassce `a kind of scarf joint'
Sandahl Middle English sea terms I. 73
WELLING not in OED (naut.)
1422-27 (ms. naval accounts and inventories of William Soper) in Sandahl Middle English sea terms I. 73
pro xxxvij. peciis maeremij pro laskes et wellynges
etym.: from MDu wel(l)inge `band of brush-wood or withy for tying faggots'
Sandahl Middle English sea terms I. 73
LERE (NOTIN) etym.
`mast partners' or (?) `cheeks supporting the top'; from ME lere `cheek' + -ing
Sandahl Middle English sea terms I. 75
MASTSPORE (NOTIN) etym.
from mast + -spore `imprint of a foot'
Sandahl Middle English sea terms I. 78
SPRUCE sb. 4. antedates 1670
1531 in Mariner's Mirrror V. 21 in Sandahl Middle English sea terms I. 79
A nyew mayne mast of spruce
PARTNER sb. 5. etym.
perhaps from OF pautoniere `prostitute' from MLat *paltonaria, cogn. with Lat. palitare `to wander about; another instance here of the notion ` female pudendum' to which..the mast-step and partners are often associated.
Sandahl Middle English sea terms I. 80
note: this partner should be given a separate entry if this etym. be accepted (AHH)
RIGALD etym.
possibly from MLG term meaning (softwood) boards or planks from Riga; cf. Du Rijges houts (1454)
Sandahl Middle English sea terms I. 83
SCORE-TREE (NOTIN) etym.
prob. = shore sb.3; from MDu schore/score/scoor
Sandahl Middle English sea terms I. 87
STERN-SHEET etym.
from OE sceat `corner, projection', referring to the triangular shape of the deck-area of the stern-sheets, rather than to the sheets used to handle the sail
Sandahl Middle English sea terms I. 87
SHELTBEAM etym.
perhaps from MDu (ghe)scelt boom `beam whose bark has been removed' from MDu schelle/schille `bark' (cf. Eng. shell)
Sandahl Middle English sea terms I. 88
SKEG sb.1 2. etym.
from ON skegg `projections at the forward and after ends of the keel; (in primary sense) beard'
Sandahl Middle English sea terms I. 90-1
SPURKET etym.
from ME spurkat and variants, prob. `rider', perhaps, with transposition of elements, from Du kattespoor `rider' (and cf. Dan. katzespoer `rider')
Sandahl Middle English sea terms I. 94-5
STAM(-LOCK) sb.1 etym.
prob. small hooks or knees or short beams in the forward end of vessels; from ON stafnlok `raised half-deck forward' from stafn `prow' + lok `lid, lock; enclosed space'
Sandahl Middle English sea terms I. 97
note: for var. staven-lock, ibid. 99
STAVEN (NOTIN) etym.
from ON stafn `stem'
Sandahl Middle English sea terms I. 98-9
TRAVERSAYN (NOTIN) etym.
`transverse (deck-)beam'; from OF traversain from travers `traverse; cross-beam', from medL traversum
Sandahl Middle English sea terms I. 109
UNDERLOUT sb. (naut.) etym.
from ON undirhlutr `lower piece (of a ship's stem)'; Sandahl concurs that the word used in non-naut. senses is of OE origin
Sandahl Middle English sea terms I. 110
COG v.2 antedates 1823
1337-8 in Exchequer 372/182 m. 39 d. in Sandahl Middle English sea terms I. 86
cogging' [in context of shipbuilding]
note: also antedates 1663 for cock v.3
CAULK v. 1. def.
1961 R. de Kerchove International maritime dictionary (2d. ed.) s.v.
Calking..1. Burring or driving up the edges of iron or steel plates and sections along riveted seams to make them watertight...2. Forcing a quantity of calking material into the seams of the planks in a ship's decks or sides to make them watertight.
note: the process as applied to iron/steel vessels ought to be included explicitly in the def. (AHH)
COCK v.3 variants
note: there ought to be cross references from verbs calk, caulk, cork to cock v.3, based on the 1854 quot. in the latter (AHH)
TANG(-WEDGE) sb.1 not in OED
1337-8 in Exchequer 372/182 m. 39 d. in Sandahl Middle English sea terms I. 86
tangewegges [in context of shipbuilding]
TAIL(-WOOD) v.2 (?) not in OED
1358-9 Exchequer 372/203 m. 33 d. in Sandahl Middle English sea terms I. 89
CCCCxiiij. precis [?peciis] de tallewode xxMD. bilett'
BILLET sb.2 antedates 1361
1358-9 Exchequer 372/203 m. 33 d. in Sandahl Middle English sea terms I. 89
CCCCxiiij. precis [?peciis] de tallewode xxMD. bilett'
CHEVRON sb.1 antedates 1300
1294-5 Exchequer 101/58 m. 13 in Sandahl Middle English sea terms I. 92
in xij. cheveruns ad Scaltres
trans: for 12 timbers for spars (AHH)
FIR antedates 1381
1347-50 Exchequer 101/25/32 m. 2 in Sandahl Middle English sea terms I. 95
vn Mast de ffur pris vj. s.
DOCK sb.3 antedates 1486
1419-22 Exchequer 101/49/29 m. 4 in Sandahl Middle English sea terms I. 102
Et in..vadiis..diuersorum laborariorum..laborancium..ad extrahendum et deducendum dictam Nauem extra idem Wose supra Stokkes in quadam fossura vocata le Dook de nouo ordinata apud Depford.
trans: And for the wages of various workers working to remove and guide said ship from said Wose [where it was] on the stocks, in a certain trench called the dock, newly established at Deptford. (AHH)
SHIP(-KEEPER) sb.1 9.a. antedates 1517
1419-22 Exchequer 101/49/29 m. 5 in Sandahl Middle English sea terms I. 102
vadiis diuersorum Marinariorum vocatorum Shipkepers
trans: for the wages of various sailors called shipkeepers (AHH)
CARRIAGE antedates 1388
[1378-81 Exchequer 101/38/24 m. 3 in Sandahl Middle English sea terms I. 105
et in cariagio dict[arum] pec[iarum] maere]
trans: and for the carriage of the said pieces of timber (AHH)
note: Anglo-French word in Latin guise (AHH)
CALFRET v. Obs. antedates 1600
1546 Accts. Lord High Tres. Scotl. VIII p. 486 in Sandahl Middle English sea terms I. 110
quhilk he debursit upoun the calfating, dok casting, putting in of the underlute of the said [ship] Lyoun1422-7 (naval accounts and inventories of William Soper) in Sandahl Middle English sea terms I. 134
emendacionem de calfatynge eiusdem Ballingere
trans: for repairs to the caulking of said balinger (AHH)1378-81 Exchequer 101/38/24 m. 4 in Sandahl Middle English sea terms I. 177
tough..pro la Calfatyng dicte nauis
trans: tow for the caulking of said ship (AHH)
DOCK(-CASTING) sb.3 7. not in OED (naut.)
1546 Accts. Lord High Tres. Scotl. VIII p. 486 in Sandahl Middle English sea terms I. 110
quhilk he debursit upoun the calfating, dok casting, putting in of the underlute of the said [ship] Lyoun
note: presumably the clearing of mud from the floor of the dock; cf. cast v. 29 (AHH)
WEYR Obs. etym.
ME weyre is prob. cognate with Du weger/wager `ceiling, inside planking of a ship', presumably from WGerm. *waiga- `wall' (cf. OE wag, wæg) + Germ -aria
Sandahl Middle English sea terms I. 113
WRANGEL Obs. etym.
from Germ *wrangel
1958 Kahane, Kahane & Tietze The Lingua Franca in the Levant 464
cf. Fr (XVIIc) varengle (Jal Glossaire nautique sv. varengue); Prov varenglo (Mistral Lou tresor dóu Felibrige s.v.), both meaning `floor-timber' (AHH)
RUDDER(-CRANE) sb. 6.a. not in OED (naut.)
1951 Sandahl Middle English sea terms I. 121
Could it not simply have been a crane for raising and unshipping the rudder (or rudders)?
note: slip for 1295 quot. already submitted (AHH)
HELM sb.2 etym.
possibly cognate with helve
Sandahl Middle English sea terms I.
HELM-WALE (NOTIN) etym.
perhaps from ON hjalmvolr `thwartship tiller of the side-rudder'
Sandahl Middle English sea terms I. 124
ANNED (NOTIN) etym.
from MLG *anned `clench(ed) nail' prob from a v. *anneden
Sandahl Middle English sea terms I. 131
BANK-NAIL (NOTIN) etym.
prob. from F banc `rowing bench; thwart'
Sandahl Middle English sea terms I. 131
BOYSPIKAR (NOTIN) etym.
kind of shipbuilding nail; from MDu boeispiker from bo(e)yen `to fit strakes of planking acting as washboards above the gunwale of a boat'
Sandahl Middle English sea terms I. 134
CAULKING vbl. sb. antedates 1481
1422-7 (naval accounts and inventories of William Soper) in Sandahl Middle English sea terms I. 135
et expensis..circa calkyng et arraiacionem dictarum iiijor nauium
trans: and expenses..for the caulking and fitting out of the said 4 ships (AHH)
ROSIN v. antedates 1497
1358-9 Exchequer 372/203 m. 33 in Sandahl Middle English sea terms I. 136
Et in shraping' pitching et rosinyng diuersarum nauium Regis
CARVEL-NAIL (NOTIN) etym.
prob. from late MDu *ka(r)viel[nagel] , with secondary r , from *kaviel from OProv. cavilha or It caviglia, Sp cabilla `peg, pin, belaying-pin' from L clavicula `peg, pin' from clavis `key'. There was early confusion with car(a)vel (type of ship).
Sandahl Middle English sea terms I. 136-7
CLENCHING vbl. sb. antedates 1440
1422-3 Exchequer 364/57 last m. in Sandahl Middle English sea terms I. 138
de clauis et Rof vocat' clench in clenchyng
trans: for nails and roves called clench, for clenching [in shipbuilding]
CLENCHING ppl. a. antedates 1791
1312-3 Exchequer 101/612/31 m. 2 in Sandahl Middle English sea terms I. 139
clenchingnail
note: context is shipbuilding
TWIST sb.1 new meaning (naut.)
1441-2 Exchequer 101/53/37 col. 2 in Sandahl Middle English sea terms I. 138
Twistis ferri pro le Rother
trans: iron hinges for the rudder (i.e. rudder-irons, gudgeon and pintle). This is a specific tech. use of sense 1. (AHH)
STANCHION sb. antedates 1343
[1312-3 Exchequer 101/612/31 m. 1 in Sandahl Middle English sea terms I. 146
en 5 dozeynes de staunceons pour faire gerners pour coucher Toneux...En CC. de spikingnayl por tacher les estaunceons]
trans: for 5 dozen stanchions to make racks [?--modF grenier ] in which to lay casks...For 200 spikes to secure the stanchions (AHH)
LATH v. antedates 1532
[1312-3 Exchequer 101/612/31 m. 1 in Sandahl Middle English sea terms I. 146
En DCCC. de Lathingnayl por lather les graners]
RUN sb.1 25.a. etym.
from OF run, rum `ship's hold' from ON rúm `compartment of the hull' (cf. Eng rummage)
Sandahl Middle English sea terms I. 153
RUMMAGE sb. antedates 1526
new var.
1390 Earl Derby's expedition p. 19/25 in Sandahl Middle English sea terms I. 153
et pro runagio dictorum doliorum
trans: and for stowing said casks (AHH)
ROLLAGE sb. not in OED
1390 Earl Derby's expedition p. 19/25 in Sandahl Middle English sea terms I. 153
cum rollagio, kranagio et conductione unius boot
trans: for the rolling [of casks], cranage and the hire of a boat (AHH)
STRIKAGE sb. not in OED
1390 Earl Derby's expedition p. 23/1 in Sandahl Middle English sea terms I. 153
pro strycage et stouwage xij doliorum vini et floure
trans: for striking off and stowage of 12 casks of wine and flour (AHH)
GARNET3 antedates 1459
1358-9 Exchequer 372/203 m. 33 in Sandahl Middle English sea terms I. 149
paribus de garnettes
trans: for pairs of garnets [to be used in ship-repair] (AHH)
SCORE-NAIL (NOTIN) etym.
prob. treenails with a score in their heads to receive treenail wedges; from late OE scoru
Sandahl Middle English sea terms I. 156
SCUPPER sb. antedates 1485
1422-7 (ms. naval accounts and inventories of William Soper) in Sandahl Middle English sea terms I. 156
et in iiijC. clauis vocatis scoper naill'
trans: for 400 nails called scupper-nails (AHH)
ORGENALL sb. not in OED (naut.)
1295 in Anderson English galleys in 1295 in Mariner's Mirror 14 (1928) 233
Item pro orgenall' et Kyuill' ferri et clauis
trans: Item for a davit and a cleat of iron and for nails (Anderson)
note: in F, usually `anchor-ring, bending-shackle' (AHH)
cf. F organeau in1961 R. de Kerchove International maritime dictionary (2d. ed.) s.v. Bending Shackle
cf. 138. in Bréard Le compte de Clos des Galées de Rouen (1893) 77
les chaennes pour..les orgueneaulx qui soustiennent les ancres
trans: chains for the rings which hold the anchors (AHH)
TILLAT v.tr. (NOTIN) etym.
to cover part of the upper works of a ship with clinker-built horizontal planking; AN tylater from OF tille `shingle' from ON thilja `loose deck-planking'
Sandahl Middle English sea terms I. 165-6
WELDENAIL (NOTIN) etym.
from ME well `to cast (metal)' from OE wiellan `to boil'
Sandahl Middle English sea terms I. 170
SCAFFOLD sb. antedates 1349
1337-8 Exchequer 372/182 m. 39 d. in Sandahl Middle English sea terms I. 171
Wodenails scaffotis et shoris pro dicta bargea construenda
trans: treenails for scaffolds and shores for building said barge (AHH)
SHORE sb.3 antedates 1440
1337-8 Exchequer 372/182 m. 39 d. in Sandahl Middle English sea terms I. 171
Wodenails scaffotis et shoris pro dicta bargea construenda
trans: treenails for scaffolds and shores for building said barge (AHH)
FERRYMAN antedates 1464
1294-5 Exchequer 101/5/8 m. 2 in Sandahl Middle English sea terms I. 174
in stipendis Willelmi le fferyman
trans: for the wages of William the ferryman (AHH)
BLARE sb.2 etym.
of Scand. origin; cf. Da, OSw blaar `tow, hards'
Sandahl Middle English sea terms I. 175
BURR sb.7 etym.
from OF bourre `flocks, refuse of wool or cotton used for padding' from LowL burra `shaggy substance, flocks'; cf. It, Sp OProv borra
Sandahl Middle English sea terms I. 175
CROSS-(GEMEW) B. not in OED
1422-3 Exchequer 364/57 last m. in Sandahl Middle English sea terms I. 176
Crossegymewes
note: in a list of shipbuilding materials
PUMP(-BOX) sb.1 6.b. antedates 1697
1426-7 Exchequer 364/61 H. in Sandahl Middle English sea terms I. 178
Et in ij. Pomp'boxes clauis..et iij. petris de towe
trans: and for 2 pump-boxes, nails and 3 stone of tow (AHH)
BOAT(-ROPE) sb.3 antedates 1627
1336-7 Exchequer 101/19/31 in Sandahl Middle English sea terms I. 178
cord' de canabo..pro vno Botrop
trans: hemp-rope for a boat-rope (AHH)
TOW-ROPE antedates 1743
1336-7 Exchequer 101/19/31 in Sandahl Middle English sea terms I. 178
cord' de canabo..pro vno towerop'
trans: hemp rope for a tow-rope (AHH)
SKEIN sb.1 antedates 1440
1378-81 Exchequer 101/33/24 m. 5 in Sandahl Middle English sea terms I. 178
pro j. skeine pakthrede
trans: for one skein of pack-thread (AHH)
1420-1 Exchequer 364/54 D. d. in Sandahl Middle English sea terms I. 197
Skeynes fili
trans (AHH): skeins of twine
GIRTH sb.1 early dated record
1378-81 Exchequer 101/33/24 m. 5 in Sandahl Middle English sea terms I. 178
et x. gerthes..pro towing eiusdem bargee
trans: and 10 girths for the towing of the barge (AHH)
RUSK sb.2 (?) ? antedates 1595
[1303-4 Exchequer 372/149 m. 3 in Sandahl Middle English sea terms I. 180
xvij. Ruschis de Rosino
trans: 27 cakes (?) of rosin; note that Sp rosca is used in the sense of a circular loaf of bread c1300 (Corominas Breve diccionario etimológico de la lengua castellana (1973 s.v.); and cf. OF rusche `bee-hive' from LL rusca `bark' (AHH)
BREAMING vbl. sb. antedates 1627
1358-9 Exchequer 372/203 m. 33 in Sandahl Middle English sea terms I. 180
Cxxxvij. fassibus straminis et D. arundinis..pro factura reparacione et bremyng predictarum nauium
trans: 137 bundles of straw and 500 of reeds for the repairing and breaming of said ships (AHH)1405-10 Exchequer 101/44/11 roll 1, m. 2 in Sandahl Middle English sea terms I. 181
Et in C. arundin'..pro bremyng dicte Nauis
trans: and for 100 [bundles of] reeds for breaming said ship (AHH)
note: burning straw and reeds were used in breaming (AHH)
TALLOW v. early record
1405-10 Exchequer 101/44/11 roll 1, m. 2 in Sandahl Middle English sea terms I. 181
in talwyng eiusdem Nauis
trans: for tallowing of said ship (AHH)
FREIGHTAGE antedates 1694
[1422-7 (ms. naval accounts and inventories of William Soper) in Sandahl Middle English sea terms I. 181
pro frettagio huius ocom']
trans (AHH): for the freightage of this oakum
BERDING not in OED (naut.)
1422-7 (ms. naval accounts and inventories of William Soper) in Sandahl Middle English sea terms I. 181
pro iiijor lagenis et iij. quart' olei..circa unctionem de les brewes bord' tempore de berdynge eiusdem Ballingere
trans (AHH): for 4 and 3 quarters lagen of oil for the greasing of the spruce boards during the planking of the balinger
note: for etym, cf. Eng. bred, Du berd (AHH)
LAGEN Obs. antedates 1570
[1422-7 (ms. naval accounts and inventories of William Soper) in Sandahl Middle English sea terms I. 181
pro iiijor lagenis et iij. quart' olei..circa unctionem de les brewes bord' tempore de berdynge eiusdem Ballingere]
trans (AHH): for 4 and 3 quarters lagen of oil for the greasing of the spruce boards during the planking of the balinger
PRUCE Obs. new var.
1422-7 (ms. naval accounts and inventories of William Soper) in Sandahl Middle English sea terms I. 181
pro iiijor lagenis et iij. quart' olei..circa unctionem de les brewes bord' tempore de berdynge eiusdem Ballingere
trans (AHH): for 4 and 3 quarters lagen of oil for the greasing of the spruce boards during the planking of the balinger
WIVELING (? NOTIN) etym.
from OE *wifeling `weaving, spinning' (a wiveling was a roll of hair or wool, spun like the cocoon of a weevil); cf. Du weveling `ratline'
Sandahl Middle English sea terms I. 182
note: Sandahl cites wiveling s.v. windling in the NED; as far as I can see, it is not in OED2 (AHH)
FILASSE etym.
Fr filasse from popL *filacea from filum `thread'
Dauzat et al. Nouveau dictionnaire étymologique s.v.
FILASSE antedates 1858
1422-7 (ms. naval accounts and inventories of William Soper) in Sandahl Middle English sea terms I. 183
xj.lb. de ffilas..viij. peciis Wynwes..xvij.lb. de Merlynglyn'..pro eadem Ballingera
trans (AHH): 11 lbs. yarn..8 pieces of wyning..17 lbs. marline..for the balinger
1420-1 Exchequer 364/54 D. d. in Sandahl Middle English sea terms I. 197
Skeynes fili ffilas
trans (AHH): skeins of twine, yarn [these glosses are uncertain]
note: words cognate with It filaccia meaning `spun yarn' are widespread in the Mediterranean-cf. Prov fielasso-and ffilas is presumably the Fr form. The recurrence of filasse in 19c is unrelated. (AHH)
MARLINE sb. antedates 1485
1422-7 (ms. naval accounts and inventories of William Soper) in Sandahl Middle English sea terms I. 183
xj.lb. de ffilas..viij. peciis Wynwes..xvij.lb. de Merlynglyn'..pro eadem Ballingera
trans (AHH): 11 lbs. yarn..8 pieces of wyning..17 lbs. marline..for the balinger
MARLINE(-LINE) not in OED (naut.)
1422-7 (ms. naval accounts and inventories of William Soper) in Sandahl Middle English sea terms I. 183
xj.lb. de ffilas..viij. peciis Wynwes..xvij.lb. de Merlynglyn'..pro eadem Ballingera
trans (AHH): 11 lbs. yarn..8 pieces of wyning..17 lbs. marline..for the balinger
note: this early Eng form supports Du merling as etymon (AHH)
CAPSTAN(-BAR) 2. antedates 1627
1420-1 Exchequer 364/54 D. d. in Sandahl Middle English sea terms I. 184
Capstanbarys
CASTLE(-WRIGHT) sb. 12 not in OED (naut.)
1347-50 Exchequer 101/25/32 m. 2 in Sandahl Middle English sea terms I. 185
Et en les gages de vij. castelwri tes
FORELOCK sb.1 2. antedates 1514
1495 Naval acc. Henry VII (1896) 194 in Sandahl Middle English sea terms I. 186
Serpentynes of yron in the forecastell..yche of them with his miches & foreloke of yron
ARRAYMENT [antedates 1400]
[1335-6 Exchequer 101/19/14 m. 6 in Sandahl Middle English sea terms I. 188
in paracione de guerra et arraimenta cuiusdam magni Nauis]
trans (AHH): for preparing for war and fitting out a certain large ship
note: this a latinization of a Fr or Eng arraiment. OF arroy, array was used in the sense of `rigging' (Jal Glossaire nautique sv. agrès) (AHH)
HALKESSING (NOTIN) etym.
perhaps cogn. with Nor æsing `stringer on which the thwarts rest'
Sandahl Middle English sea terms I. 189
HOLE sb. 6. etym.
from MDu hol `[ship's] hold'
Sandahl Middle English sea terms I. 193
HOLL sb. 2. etym.
from MDu hol `[ship's] hold'
Sandahl Middle English sea terms I. 194
PORTAGE sb.1 2. [antedates 1472]
[1424-5 Exchequer 101/51/20 in Sandahl Middle English sea terms I. 194
vna portag' per estimacionem xl. dol' vini]
trans (AHH): one portage-charge, estimated, for 40 casks of wine
LEAN sb.3 2. etym.
from MDu lene `something to lean on' or MLG (cf. MHG lene `railing, balustrade')
Sandahl Middle English sea terms I. 197
SPAR sb.1 4.a. antedates 1640
1420-1 Exchequer 364/54 D. d. in Sandahl Middle English sea terms I. 197
peciis de Corke filo Sperr' de Firre cepo
trans (AHH): pieces of cork, twine, a fir spar, tallow
CORK sb.1 antedates 1440
1420-1 Exchequer 364/54 D. d. in Sandahl Middle English sea terms I. 197
peciis de Corke filo Sperr' de Firre cepo
trans (AHH): pieces of cork, twine, a fir spar, tallow
FREIGHT sb. new var.
1467 Sc. Acts James III (1814) 87 in OED2 s.v. orlop1
tha gudis sall pay na fraucht
BASTARD a. B.5. [antedates1530]
[ 1358-64 Exchequer 101/27/15 m. 2 in Sandahl Middle English sea terms I. 205
iiij. hauser' de filo bastardo]
trans (AHH): 4 hawsers of bastard yarn
BUOY-ROPE antedates 1562
1358-64 Exchequer 101/27/15 m. 2 in Sandahl Middle English sea terms I. 205
ij. hauser' pro boyropes
trans (AHH): 2 hawsers for buoy-ropes
BANNER(-SHAFT) sb.1 6.a. not in OED
1420-1 Exchequer 364/54 D/1 d. in Sandahl Middle English sea terms I. 207
iiijor Banershaftes
note: among equipment for a ship
STOREHOUSE early record
1419-22 Exchequer101/49/29 m. 6 in Sandahl Middle English sea terms II. 10
ad towand' et conducend' in diuersis magnis batellis omnia Apparat' et Takelyng eiusdem in Portu de Hamell vsque ad le Storehouse
trans (AHH): for towing and piloting to the storehouse in the port of Hamell, in several large boats, all its rigging and tackle
note earliest example of the mod. spelling (AHH)
FISHING vbl. sb. not in OED (naut.) in this sense
1495 Naval Acc. Henry VII 156 in Sandahl Middle English sea terms II. 12
Hokes of yron for fysshing of ankers
note: to parallel the structure of fish v.1, this should be considered a sense of fishing vbl. sb.1 (AHH)
BUOY sb. antedates 1466
1294-6 Exchequer101/5/21 in Sandahl Middle English sea terms II. 24
Et in duobus signis videlicet Boyes vij.d.
trans (AHH): And for 2 markers, viz. buoys, 12d.
BARLING Obs. etym.
from Scand. (cf. Sw bärling, Nor dial. berling `pole'), dimin. of bar (cf. OSw bar `pole, bar (of metal), modE bar
Sandahl Middle English sea terms II. 15
FILASSE antedates 1858
1312-13 Exchequer101/612/31 M. 2. in Sandahl Middle English sea terms II. 16
En xij.li. de fillaz
trans (AHH): for 12 lbs. of twine
1358-9 Exchequer 372/203 m. 34 (37) in Sandahl Middle English sea terms II. 21
iiij. bales CCLxxiiij.lb. philas'
trans (AHH): 4 bales 274 lbs. of twine
FLOINE Obs. earliest dated example
new var.
1358-9 Exchequer 372/203 m. 34 (37) in Sandahl Middle English sea terms II. 21
pro diuersis nauis [?nauibus] flun' barg' et batell'
trans (AHH): for several ships, floines, barges and boats
JUNK sb.2 antedates 1485
1424-5 Exchequer101/51/20 m. 2. in Sandahl Middle English sea terms II. 29
vnam cabulam vsitatam et ij. jonckis
trans (AHH): one used cable and 2 junks [exact meaning unknown]
COURSE sb. 33. etym.
from OF cors from L corpus `body' [i.e. the main member of the sail-pair course and bonnet]
Sandahl Middle English sea terms II. 31
note: this sense should thus be given its own main entry (AHH)
DRYNG (NOTIN) etym.
from OF drenc `[halyard-]rack [sb.2 5.c.]' from ON drengr `rope'
Sandahl Middle English sea terms II. 33
HAND(-ROPE) sb. 62.d. antedates 1495
1358-64 Exchequer 101/27/15 m. 1-2 in Sandahl Middle English sea terms II. 35
iij. cord' pro toweropes et handeropes
trans (AHH): 3 ropes for tow-ropes and hand-ropes
CORDAILLE Obs. antedates 1483
1358-64 Exchequer 101/27/15 m. 1-2 in Sandahl Middle English sea terms II. 35
cordall' nigro de Brydeport pro barg' eiusdem nauis
trans (AHH): tarred rope from Bridport for the barge of said ship
BOAT(-HOOK) sb.3 antedates 1611
153. Exchequer 315/317 II p. 107 in Sandahl Middle English sea terms II. 42
Item for a coler a botte hoke and a fechehoke
trans (AHH): Item for a collar, a boat-hook and a [?] fetch-hook
FETCH-HOOK not in OED (naut.)
153. Exchequer 315/317 II p. 107 in Sandahl Middle English sea terms II. 42
Item for a coler a botte hoke and a fechehoke
trans (AHH): Item for a collar, a boat-hook and a [?] fetch-hook
SCARFED ppl. a.2 antedates 1704
1531 in Mariner's mirror 5.21 in Sandahl Middle English sea terms II. 45
A nyew mayne mast of spruce with a nyew staye hounsyd and skarvyd with the same wood whyche mast ys of leyngth from the hounse to the step xxv yaerdes.
HOUNSED ppl. a. not in OED (naut.)
1531 in Mariner's mirror 5.21 in Sandahl Middle English sea terms II. 45
A nyew mayne mast of spruce with a nyew staye hounsyd and skarvyd with the same wood whyche mast ys of leyngth from the hounse to the step xxv yaerdes.
note: (taking hounse as the base-form, rather than hounds) fitted with hounds (sb.2); the phrase "with a nyew staye" should be considered parenthetical (AHH)
HOUND sb.2 etym.
ME houn from ON húnn `die; [rectangular] mast-head'
Sandahl Middle English sea terms II. 46
WEATHER-COIL v. antedates 1625
1577 Voyages of Martin Frobisher 81 in Sandahl Middle English sea terms II. 50
The captayne..caught holde on the weather-leche of the foresayle and in the weather coyling of the ship, the foreyard brake.
LEECH sb.3 etym.
Two hypotheses:
1. from a root *leig- `to tie' akin to L ligare
2. identical, in the languages in which it occurs in the naut. sense, to the words for `corpse' (ON lík, Du lijk, Eng lich, et al.)
Sandahl Middle English sea terms II. 50
BOW(-HOOK) sb.3 3. not in OED (naut.)
1485 Naval Acc. Henry VII 38 in Sandahl Middle English sea terms II. 51
Bowhokes with ij sheves of Jren iij Catte hokes with tree v Shanke hokes iij Pakke hokes iiij
CAT sb.1 7. antedates 1626
1485 Naval Acc. Henry VII 38 in Sandahl Middle English sea terms II. 51
Bowhokes with ij sheves of Jren iij Catte hokes with tree v Shanke hokes iij Pakke hokes iiij
note: can't be sure this is the anchor cat-hook, but it seems likely (AHH)
CAT(-HOOK) sb.1 18. no example in OED
1485 Naval Acc. Henry VII 38 in Sandahl Middle English sea terms II. 51
Bowhokes with ij sheves of Jren iij Catte hokes with tree v Shanke hokes iij Pakke hokes iiij
note: seems to be no example cited, thought it is listed in 18. (AHH)
1532 in Mariner's mirror 5.21 in Sandahl Middle English sea terms II. 63
Item towe katt howkes and towe fysche howkes.
PACK(-HOOK) sb.1 15. not in OED (naut.)
1485 Naval Acc. Henry VII 38 in Sandahl Middle English sea terms II. 51
Bowhokes with ij sheves of Jren iij Catte hokes with tree v Shanke hokes iij Pakke hokes iiij
COCK sb.1 antedates 1627
COAK sb. 3. antedates 1862
new var.
1495 Naval Acc. Henry VII 204 in Sandahl Middle English sea terms II. 55
Poliees with iiij colkes of Brasse for the Botes takle iiij.
1958 Sandahl Middle English sea terms II. 121
Coak (colk) is recorded from 1465 onwards, in the earliest examples probably meaning `pin of a block.'
FISH-HOOK 2. antedates 1627
1532 in Mariner's mirror 5.21 in Sandahl Middle English sea terms II. 63
Item towe katt howkes and towe fysche howkes.
LORGH (NOTIN) etym.
ME from OE lorg `warp-beam of a loom'
Sandahl Middle English sea terms II. 66
TRIVET antedates 1416
1371-2 Exchequer 364/5 A. in Sandahl Middle English sea terms II. 66
j. lathe j. trevet' ponder xxxix.lb.
note: in a list of rope-making equipment
LATHE sb.3 antedates 1476
1371-2 Exchequer 364/5 A. in Sandahl Middle English sea terms II. 66
j. lathe j. treuet' ponder xxxix.lb.
note: in a list of rope-making equipment
CROW sb.1 5.a. antedates 1400
1371-2 Exchequer 364/5 A. in Sandahl Middle English sea terms II. 66
j. wynch gross' j. crowe ponder' xviij.lb.
note: in a list of rope-making equipment
MOORING vbl. sb. antedates 1485
1419-22 Exchequer 101/49/29 m. 5. in Sandahl Middle English sea terms II. 71
J. cord' voc' baste pro moryng eiusdem
trans (AHH): one rope called a `bast' for mooring of the same [balinger]
BAST sb.1 2. antedates 1450
1419-22 Exchequer 101/49/29 m. 5. in Sandahl Middle English sea terms II. 71
J. cord' voc' baste pro moryng eiusdem
trans (AHH): one rope called a `bast' for mooring of the same [balinger]
BINNACLE antedates 1622
1422-7 (ms. naval accounts and inventories of William Soper) in Sandahl Middle English sea terms II. 73
Mesan j. De bitakyll..
1413-20 Exchequer 101/44/24 (loose m.) in Sandahl Middle English sea terms II. 78
bitakill' j.
CHAMBER sb. 10.a. [antedates 1465]
[1422-3 Exchequer 364/57 (last m.) in Sandahl Middle English sea terms II. 73
iiij. Gonn' vnde iij. sine Camer']
trans (AHH): 4 guns, 3 of which without chambers
MIZEN etym.
"E. mizzen is generally supposed to be an adaptation of F. misaine. But surely the form mesan, the only recorded one up to 1435, points rather to a direct importation from Italian (or Spanish)."
Sandahl Middle English sea terms II. 77
OUTLIGGER etym.
prob. from Du (cf. MDu utligger recorded from 1500); the prevalence of variant forms also suggest a borrowed word
Sandahl Middle English sea terms II. 81-82
PEGGY-MAST Sc. Obs. etym.
referred to Shetlands pegi, peg, pig, pjegi `small and feeble', cogn. with Shetl. pjakk `young person', N pjakk `young salmon'; ult. also prob cognate with Eng peg (from Du)
Sandahl Middle English sea terms II. 83
RACK sb. (NOTIN) etym.
from OE racca `parrel' identical with ON rakki et al; orig. meaning `rope'
Sandahl Middle English sea terms II. 88
REEF sb.1 etym.
"The origin of ME. riff is ON. rif `reef' but there is some doubt whether this should be further referred to ON. rif `rib'..or to ON. ríva `to tear'.., i.e. literally `a piece of cloth cut off.' The second derivation is greatly preferable."
Sandahl Middle English sea terms II. 90-1
REEVE v.1 etym.
prob. from ME *riven, *reven (formed on rif, reef), meaning originally `to lace a bonnet to the course'
Sandahl Middle English sea terms II. 92
REEVE v.1 antedates 1627
1600 Jane Last Voy. of Th. Cavendish 111 in Sandahl Middle English sea terms II. 92-3
we rived our ropes, and againe rigged our ship
POT(-BRASS) sb.1 14. antedates 1519
1422-3 Exchequer 364/57 m. J. in Sandahl Middle English sea terms II. 93
Sheues..de cupro CC.lb. de bellebras DCCCC.lb. de potbras et panbras xxix.
PAN(-BRASS) sb.1 12.b. not in OED
1422-3 Exchequer 364/57 m. J. in Sandahl Middle English sea terms II. 93
Sheues..de cupro CC.lb. de bellebras DCCCC.lb. de potbras et panbras xxix.
BELL(-BRASS) sb.1 12. not in OED
1422-3 Exchequer 364/57 m. J. in Sandahl Middle English sea terms II. 93
Sheues..de cupro CC.lb. de bellebras DCCCC.lb. de potbras et panbras xxix.
STUFFURE antedates 1440
1419-22 Exchequer 101/49/29 m. 21 in Sandahl Middle English sea terms II. 107
Carrac' Regis voc' Petir cum Apparatu et stuffura suis
trans (AHH): the royal carrack Peter with its equipment
KEDGING vbl. sb. (s.v. kedge v.) antedates 1485
1358-9 Exchequer 372/203 m. 36. d. in Sandahl Middle English sea terms II. 109
iiij. cables j. caggyngcable
TRIEF sb. (NOTIN) etym.
from OF tref, treif, tre `sail' from a Germ. word for `tent' (cf. OE træf)
Sandahl Middle English sea terms II. 116
TIMBER(-HITCH) sb.1 10. antedates 1815
c1625 Treatise on rigging 6 in Sandahl Middle English sea terms II. 118
The truss is fastened to the middle of the mayne yearde betweene the Parell with a tymber hitch
TRUSS sb. etym.
in the sense `rope', from It trozza, trossa or Sp troza, trosa from Lat. tortiare from torquere `to turn, twist'
Sandahl Middle English sea terms II. 120
CABLET antedates 1575
1485 Naval acc. Henry VII 37 in Sandahl Middle English sea terms II. 122
Cablettes for the mayne staye j
PAINTER2 antedates 1487
1336-7 Exchequer 101/19/31 m. 4. in Sandahl Middle English sea terms II. 123
peyntours et seysynges
AFFORCING vbl. sb. antedates 1875
[1337-9 Exchequer 101/20/27 m. 2. in Sandahl Middle English sea terms II. 123
Et de v.s. pro ij. magnis bend' ferri pro castro poster' nauis predicte afforciand']
trans (AHH): And 5 shillings for 2 large iron bands for reinforcing the after-castle of said ship
FOCAL new meaning
antedates 1713
1419-22 Exchequer 101/49/29 m. 5 in Sandahl Middle English sea terms II. 126
pice bitumine Rosyn okom' sep' focal'
trans (AHH): pitch, tar, rosin, tallow, [?] hearth
DRAPE sb.1 antedates 1665
[1312-3 Exchequer 101/612/31 m. 2. in Sandahl Middle English sea terms II. 127
En ij. roulles de drap por la veile]
trans (AHH): For 2 rolls of sail-cloth
STRAW(-BASKET) sb.1 14. not in OED
1419-22 Exchequer 101/49/29 m. 15 in Sandahl Middle English sea terms II. 132
xxiiij.or vas' voc' strawebaskett' ad portan' lastag'
trans (AHH): 24 containers called straw-baskets for carrying ballast
GOUNDEL sb. not in OED (naut.)
1420-1 Exchequer 364/54 m. G. in Sandahl Middle English sea terms II. 149
Batell' voc' Barkys j. Goundell xviij. polleys pro le Shrowdes ij.
trans (AHH): one boat called a bark, 18 goundels, 2 pulleys for the shrouds
note: meaning unknown, but cf. Fr. gond `hinge' (AHH)
CHAPEL(-DECK) sb. 12 not in OED (naut.)
1514-5 Exchequer 36/13 p. 41. in Sandahl Middle English sea terms II. 150
Ouerlopp and dekke, Chapell dek, grete capstayne Deke
CAPSTAN(-DECK) 2. not in OED (naut.)
1514-5 Exchequer 36/13 p. 41. in Sandahl Middle English sea terms II. 150
Ouerlopp and dekke, Chapell dek, grete capstayne Deke
BIG-(HORN) a. 2.a. new meaning
1362-3 Exchequer 372/207 m. 51. in Sandahl Middle English sea terms II. 66
ij. handhamers iiij. nailtoll' j. bighorn ij. wasshours
note: meaning unknown (AHH)
NAIL(-TOLL) sb. 14. not in OED
1362-3 Exchequer 372/207 m. 51. in Sandahl Middle English sea terms II. 66
ij. handhamers iiij. nailtoll' j. bighorn ij. wasshours
note: meaning unknown (AHH)
SUFFLET sb. not in OED
1362-3 Exchequer 372/207 m. 51. in Sandahl Middle English sea terms II. 66
ij. paria suffletarum ij. slegges
note: meaning unknown (AHH)
KIP-(HOOK) etym.
prob. cognate with ON keipr, No k(j)eip `thole-pin formed as a hook', shetland keb `thole-pin', from Germ *kaibná- (cf. Du kip `notch, nick, groove', Eng chip)
Sandahl Middle English sea terms III. xiii
BITT(-PIN) antedates 1850
1620-25 Treatise on rigging 50 in Sandahl Middle English sea terms III. xiv
Tackes. ther standinge parts..ar boulted to the outside of the loffe of the ship and ar belayed to bitpins on the fforcastell
BIGOT (NOTIN) etym.
from medIt bigota `rib of a parrel' from Lat biga `pair of horses; two-horsed cart'
Sandahl Middle English sea terms III. 9-10
FISH v.1 5.b. antedates 1769
1497 Naval Acc. Henry VII 333 in Sandahl Middle English sea terms III. 11
An hoke Rope to fysshe Ankers
BOWLINE1 etym.
"..bowline should be regarded as one of the early "Channel Words" and the etymology is bow + line. It was adopted very early into Northern French and Anglo-Norman nautical jargon...In Middle English, 14th c. bowline could be a regular development of ME bow (<OE bog) + line, or it could be a rendering of AN boeline; it is likely that both types were in use at the same time."
Sandahl Middle English sea terms III. 14
KEDGING vbl. sb. (s.v. kedge v.) antedates 1485
1353-4 Exchequer 101/27/14 in Sandahl Middle English sea terms III. 16
j. caggyngcable
BURTON etym.
from Breton, i.e. `a tackle used and/or invented in Brittany'
Sandahl Middle English sea terms III. 16
BURTON 2. etym.
very probably from Fr breton (à la bretonne, en breton) (Jal Glossaire nautique s.v. breton). The term is attested, with the same meaning, in Spanish in 1587: a la bretona `la carga se..arruma atrauessada de vabor à estribor' [the cargo is stowed thwartship from port to starboard] (García de Palacio f. 131v.) And it occurs with metathesis in Italian, in the sense of a type of sailing vessel used by the English and the Bretons (16c.): bertone (Dizz. de marina de la Accademia s.v.) (AHH)
CAT sb.1 7. etym.
prob. from Lat. catena `chain' or medL catena `the stout curved beam that crossed the forecastle arch and projected through the planking on both sides of the bows'
Sandahl Middle English sea terms III. 18
CAT v. antedates 1769
1578 Sellman's account Frobisher's voyage, in Sandahl Middle English sea terms III. 18
stting sayle before the anker was catted, the yse stroke the flok of the anker through the bow of the ship
TRIBUL sb. not in OED
1420-1 Exchequer 364/54 D d. in Sandahl Middle English sea terms III. 19
iiij. lanternis xij. tribul'
note: Sandahl says `a tool, generally a shovel'
TOUCH- 1.c. antedates 1497
1420-1 Exchequer 364/54 D d. in Sandahl Middle English sea terms III. 19
vj touches ferri pro canon'
trans (AHH): 6 iron touch(-pans ?) for cannon
note: the 1497 date in OED is cited s.v. touch-powder
NAO (and var. NAU) sb. not in OED
C. Phillips The caravel and the galleon in R. Unger Cogs, caravels and galleons (1994) 95
In November 1533..a Portuguese fleet of nine caravels, two galleons and one nau made India in less than seven months at sea.
ibid. 102
the nao, the large merchant ship of the medieval Mediterranean...Confusingly, Spaniards and Portuguese used the word nao to refer both to streamlined merchant ships and to enormous ships with large superstructures which others called carracks.
1358-9 Exchequer 372/203 m. 36 (39) d in Sandahl Middle English sea terms III. 20
in quadam naue voc' la Naw seinte Marie
note: the name of the ship appears to be French. (nau is not recorded for Fr; cognate words for `ship' are nef (native) and nave (from Italian) (AHH)
NAO (and var. NAU) sb. (NOTIN) etym.
prob. from Fr *nau from Cat nau (perhaps through Sp or Port) from Lat nauis (AHH)
GUN(-SPAN) sb. III. not in OED
1466 Manners and household exp. p. 214 in Sandahl Middle English sea terms III. 21
and he axseth for viij. gonne spannes and xvj. plates for the whele
note: meaning ?
BEVER sb. new meaning
1378-81 Exchequer 101/38/24 m. 5. in Sandahl Middle English sea terms III. 28
pro j. rotul' et xxxiiij. virg' de Beuer
note: Sandahl says `a kind of felted cloth...for making tilts or awnings in galleys and barges' (cf. MED)
GIRDELING (NOTIN) etym.
presumably from ME girdel
Sandahl Middle English sea terms III. 30
NEF new meaning (naut.)
1312-3 Exchequer 101/612/31 in Sandahl Middle English sea terms III. 30
En iiij. boltes de feer ala Nief iij.s.
trans (AHH): For 4 iron bolts for the ship, 3 shillings
note: this is the orig. sense of nef
TREGETTE sb. not in OED
1378-9 Exchequer 101/38/13 in Sandahl Middle English sea terms III. 30
iiij. handerop' ij. tregettes ij. truss'
note: meaning ?
GIRDING (NOTIN) etym.
prob. from ME girde/gerde `to gird'. "The notion `girth' or `girdle' for a fitting that served to gather up and bring under control the body and/or leeches of the sail when furling was probably common to the languages of the sea from the early Middle Ages on."
Sandahl Middle English sea terms III. 32
note: cognate with GORDING (see slip submitted) (AHH)
GORDING (NOTIN) etym.
prob. from OF from MDu (cf. early modDu gording)
Sandahl Middle English sea terms III. 37
POLANCRE antedates 1485
1358-9 Exchequer 372/203 m. 34 (37) in Sandahl Middle English sea terms III. 38
v. trisrop' xxxiiij. poleancrerop'
1378-81 Exchequer 101/38/24 m. 10. in Sandahl Middle English sea terms III. 8
ij. polancrerop'
cf. c1350 Brit. Mus. Add. MS 17364 in Sandahl Middle English sea terms III. 22
pro xiiij. palancos
note: this ms. is an account of ships kept at Bayonne
catchword: CHAIN
part of speech: noun
reason cited: CHAIN sb: 14, antedates 1627
text: Chanys of yron belongyng vnto the seyd shrowdes xvj
from: p. 39 of Middle English Sea Terms , v. 3, by Bertil Sandahl (1982)
note: cited from M. Oppenheim, ed. 1896. Naval accounts and inventories of the reign of Henry VII. Navy Records Society 8, p. 190
note: date of primary source: 1495
reader: Alan Hartley
date read: January 1996
catchword: HALLIER
part of speech: noun
reason cited: etymology
text: E halier noun is more likely to have been adopted from AN *halier than to be an English formation on hale v. + ier, even if no AN or OF word halier is on record in this sense.
from: p. 40 of Middle English Sea Terms , v. 3, by Bertil Sandahl (1982)
reader: Alan Hartley
date read: January 1996
catchword: HARPENER
part of speech: noun
reason cited: etymology.
text: The origin..will be OF harpon formed on OF harpe 'cramp, clamp.' The further etymologyology is doubtful.
from: p. 42 of Middle English Sea Terms , v. 3, by Bertil Sandahl (1982)
reader: Alan Hartley
date read: January 1996
catchword: HAUBAUNK
part of speech: noun
reason cited: etymology
text: An AN form of OF hoben, hoban, hobenc, ModF hauban 'shroud'...The origin of the F word is ON hofuthbendur [-o- with iota-subscript] (pl.)
from: p. 43 of Middle English Sea Terms , v. 3, by Bertil Sandahl (1982)
note: the ON term means lit. 'head-rope'
reader: Alan Hartley
date read: January 1996
catchword: PAINTER
part of speech: noun
reason cited: PAINTER 2; antedates 1487
text: cord' de canabo..pro peyntours et seysynges [(trans.) hemp rope..for painters and seizings]
from: p. 45 of Middle English Sea Terms , v. 3, by Bertil Sandahl (1982)
note: cited from Exchequer. King's Remembrancer. Various Accounts. (in Lists and Indexes No. HMSO, 1912) 101/19/31 m. 4
note: date of primary source: 1336-7
reader: Alan Hartley
date read: January 1996
catchword: PAINTER
part of speech: noun
reason cited: PAINTER 2; etymology
text: pendoir n.m. (1182, Ord.)..Ce qui sert à suspendre.
from: p. 483 of Dictionnaire de l'ancien Franc¸ais, 2d. ed., by A.J. Greimas (1968)
note: earlier cit. of the F. word than is given in OED2
note: Ord. = Ordonnances cited in Godefroy
reader: Alan Hartley
date read: January 1996
catchword: BUNDLE
part of speech: noun
reason cited: BUNDLE sb.; antedates 1382
text: arcubus xv. bundell' sagittar' xxxix. shottesperes xxiiij. [(trans.) for 15 bows; for 39 bowman's bundles [? quivers]; for 24 shot-spears]
from: p. 45-6 of Middle English Sea Terms , v. 3, by Bertil Sandahl (1982)
note: cited from Exchequer. King's Remembrancer. Various Accounts. (in Lists and Indexes 35, HMSO, 1912) 101/27/15 m. 6
note: date of primary source: 1358-64
reader: Alan Hartley
date read: January 1996
catchword: SHOT-SPEAR
part of speech: noun
reason cited: not in OED
text: arcubus xv. bundell' sagittar' xxxix. shottesperes xxiiij. [(trans.) for 15 bows; for 39 bowman's bundles [? quivers]; for 24 shot-spears]
from: p. 45-6 of Middle English Sea Terms , v. 3, by Bertil Sandahl (1982)
note: cited from Exchequer. King's Remembrancer. Various Accounts. (in Lists and Indexes 35, HMSO, 1912) 101/27/15 m. 6
note: date of primary source: 1358-64
reader: Alan Hartley
date read: January 1996
catchword: GRAPNEL
part of speech: noun
reason cited: antedates 1373
text: grapenell' cum j. cathena ferri j. [(trans.) 1 grapnel with 1 iron chain]
from: p. 46 of Middle English Sea Terms , v. 3, by Bertil Sandahl (1982)
note: cited from Exchequer. King's Remembrancer. Various Accounts. (in Lists and Indexes 35, HMSO, 1912) 101/27/15 m. 6
note: date of primary source: 1358-64
reader: Alan Hartley
date read: January 1996
catchword: TARRED
part of speech: participial a.
reason cited: antedates 1615
text: terredropes long' et curt' j.
from: p. 46 of Middle English Sea Terms , v. 3, by Bertil Sandahl (1982)
note: cited from Exchequer. King's Remembrancer. Various Accounts. (in Lists and Indexes 35, HMSO, 1912) 101/27/15 m. 6
note: date of primary source: 1358-64
reader: Alan Hartley
date read: January 1996
catchword: YERKING
part of speech: verbal noun
reason cited: not in OED
text: terredropes long' et curt' j. yerkyng j.
from: p. 46 of Middle English Sea Terms , v. 3, by Bertil Sandahl (1982)
note: cited from Exchequer. King's Remembrancer. Various Accounts. (in Lists and Indexes 35, HMSO, 1912) 101/27/15 m. 6
note: date of primary source: 1358-64
reader: Alan Hartley
date read: January 1996
catchword: TARGET
part of speech: noun
reason cited: TARGET sb.1; antedates 1400
text: pauises et xxxiij. targett'
from: p. 46 of Middle English Sea Terms , v. 3, by Bertil Sandahl (1982)
note: cited from Exchequer. King's Remembrancer. Various Accounts. (in Lists and Indexes 35, HMSO, 1912) 101/27/15 m. 6
note: date of primary source: 1358-64
reader: Alan Hartley
date read: January 1996
catchword: PAVIS
part of speech: noun
reason cited: antedates 1390
text: pauises et xxxiij. targett'
from: p. 46 of Middle English Sea Terms , v. 3, by Bertil Sandahl (1982)
note: cited from Exchequer. King's Remembrancer. Various Accounts. (in Lists and Indexes 35, HMSO, 1912) 101/27/15 m. 6
note: date of primary source: 1358-64
reader: Alan Hartley
date read: January 1996
catchword: PAINTER
part of speech: noun
reason cited: PAINTER 2: 1; antedates 1487
text: shyves enen' pro Peyntr' les Ancor' J. [(trans.) brass/bronze pulleys for the painter of the anchors, 1]
from: p. 48 of Middle English Sea Terms , v. 3, by Bertil Sandahl (1982)
note: cited from Exchequer. King's Remembrancer. Various Accounts. (in Lists and Indexes 35, HMSO, 1912) 101/49/29 m. 11
note: date of primary source: 1419-22
reader: Alan Hartley
date read: January 1996
catchword: PAINTER
part of speech: noun
reason cited: PAINTER 2: 1; antedates 1487
text: De Shyues eneis pro Peyntour' les Ancor'. [(trans.) for brass/bronze sheaves for the anchor-painter
from: p. 48 of Middle English Sea Terms , v. 3, by Bertil Sandahl (1982)
note: cited from Exchequer. King's Remembrancer. Various Accounts. (in Lists and Indexes 35, HMSO, 1912) 101/53/5 p. 65
note: date of primary source: 1432-7
reader: Alan Hartley
date read: January 1996
catchword: JEER
part of speech: noun
reason cited: JEER sb.1; etymology
text: I would prefer to adduce Old Provenc&ced.al girar (OF girer), OProv. gir 'turning'. A derivation of the latter is gire&gra.la in the dialect of Nice, meaning 'tackle attached to the mast for the support of a yard', which is exactly the sense of jeer.
from: p. 48 of Middle English Sea Terms , v. 3, by Bertil Sandahl (1982)
reader: Alan Hartley
date read: January 1996
catchword: HAWSER
part of speech: noun
reason cited: antedates 1338
text: Et in ij. Lyftynges et ij. cordis que vocantur hausours xv.s. ij.d. [(trans.) And for 2 liftings and 2 ropes called hawsers 15s. 2d.]
from: p. 55 of Middle English Sea Terms , v. 3, by Bertil Sandahl (1982)
note: cited from Exchequer. King's Remembrancer. Various Accounts. (in Lists and Indexes No. 35, HMSO, 1912) 101/5/21
note: date of primary source: 1294-6
reader: Alan Hartley
date read: January 1996
catchword: HOLLAND
part of speech: attributive
reason cited: HOLLAND: 1.b.; antedates 1577
text: in vj. haunsers de fil' nigr' holand' pro Pollancreropes.. [(trans.) for 6 hawsers of tarred Holland rope for polancre-ropes]
from: p. 55 of Middle English Sea Terms , v. 3, by Bertil Sandahl (1982)
note: cited from Exchequer. King's Remembrancer. Various Accounts. (in Lists and Indexes 35, HMSO, 1912) 101/49/29 m. 4
note: date of primary source: 1419-22
reader: Alan Hartley
date read: January 1996
catchword: MARLING
part of speech: verbal noun
reason cited: etymology
from: p. 62-3 of Middle English Sea Terms , v. 3, by Bertil Sandahl (1982)
note: Sandahl adduces MLG marlink, merlink and Du marling without explicitly calling them the etymologya of the E word, but they do seem likely candidates.
reader: Alan Hartley
date read: January 1996
catchword: SAIL THREAD
part of speech: noun
reason cited: SAIL sb. 1: 11; antedates 1513
text: Et in filo voc' Saill' thred.. [(trans.) And for thread called sail thread..]
from: p. 63 of Middle English Sea Terms , v. 3, by Bertil Sandahl (1982)
note: cited from Exchequer. Accounts. 364/69 S.
note: date of primary source: 1434-5
reader: Alan Hartley
date read: January 1996
catchword: SAIL-NEEDLE
part of speech: noun
reason cited: SAIL sb. 1: 11; antedates 1497
text: acubus voc' Sail' neduls.. [(trans.) for needles called sail-needles]
from: p. 63 of Middle English Sea Terms , v. 3, by Bertil Sandahl (1982)
note: cited from Exchequer. Accounts. 364/69 S.
note: date of primary source: 1434-5
reader: Alan Hartley
date read: January 1996
catchword: JUNK
part of speech: noun
reason cited: JUNK sb. 2; antedates 1485
text: Junkes febles et en partie wastez.. [(trans.) junks [ropes] weak and partly ruined]
from: p. 70 of Middle English Sea Terms , v. 3, by Bertil Sandahl (1982)
note: cited from Exchequer. King's Remembrancer. Various Accounts. (in Lists and Indexes 35, HMSO, 1912) 101/44/17
note: ms. in French; date of primary source 1409-11
reader: Alan Hartley
date read: January 1996
catchword: WINCH
part of speech: noun
reason cited: WINCH sb. 1: 3; antedates 1660
text: Wyndas cum ij. wynches ferr' ij. [(trans.) 2 windlasses with 2 iron winches]
from: p. 71 of Middle English Sea Terms , v. 3, by Bertil Sandahl (1982)
note: cited from Exchequer. King's Remembrancer. Various Accounts. (in Lists and Indexes 35, HMSO, 1912) 101/44/9 m. 6 d.
note: date of primary source: 1404-6
reader: Alan Hartley
date read: January 1996
catchword: ZEELAND
part of speech: attributive
reason cited: not in OED
text: J. haunser de filo nigro Zeland' pro &ygh.erdrop'.. [(trans.) 1 hawser of tarred Zeeland yarn for a yard-rope]
from: p. 71 of Middle English Sea Terms , v. 3, by Bertil Sandahl (1982)
note: cited from Exchequer. King's Remembrancer. Various Accounts. (in Lists and Indexes 35, HMSO, 1912) 101/49/29 m. 6
note: date of primary source: 1419-22
reader: Alan Hartley
date read: January 1996
catchword: BUOY-ROPE
part of speech: noun
reason cited: antedates 1562
text: ij. shetes ij. boiropes
from: p. 71 of Middle English Sea Terms , v. 3, by Bertil Sandahl (1982)
note: cited from Exchequer. King's Remembrancer. Various Accounts. (in Lists and Indexes 35, HMSO, 1912) 101/49/29 m. 9
note: date of primary source: 1419-22
reader: Alan Hartley
date read: January 1996
catchword: BOAT-ROPE
part of speech: noun
reason cited: BOAT sb.: 3; antedates 1627
text: De cord' voc' haunc' de filo albo hol' pro brialropes pollancr' ropes boteropes et trisyngropes..[(trans.) For rope, called hawser, of white [i.e., untarred] Holland yarn for prial-ropes, polancre-ropes, boat-ropes and tricing-ropes..]
from: p. 71 of Middle English Sea Terms , v. 3, by Bertil Sandahl (1982)
note: cited from Exchequer. King's Remembrancer. Various Accounts. (in Lists and Indexes 35, HMSO, 1912) 101/53/5 p. 5
note: source date: 1432-7
reader: Alan Hartley
date read: January 1996
catchword: PRIAL-ROPE
part of speech: noun
reason cited: etymology
from: p. 72-4 of Middle English Sea Terms , v. 3, by Bertil Sandahl (1982)
note: Prob. cognate w. MLG priger (late 15th cent.; derivs. in Norw and Sw). This is perh. cognate w. MLG, MDu prigen 'to sew with fine stitches', itself poss. cognate w. Eng. PRICK v., with the sense 'a rope that pierces a sail at intervals'. cf. also Du priel narrow opening betw. coastal sandbanks. Poss. confused with brail-rope (which is a distinct word), and perh. also influenced by PARREL.
reader: Alan Hartley
date read: January 1996
catchword: PUTTOCK
part of speech: noun
reason cited: PUTTOCK 2; etymology
from: p. 80 of Middle English Sea Terms , v. 3, by Bertil Sandahl (1982)
note: Prob. from a dimin. variant of Du putting (the latter attested, indirectly in a Swed. borrowing, as early as 1495). This, in turn, from (M)LG, (M)Du poot, pôte (G pfote) 'foot'. Basic form either E *potoc [first -o- long] or *poting [-o- long] or MDu *potkijn [-o- long]. [(More likely is a Du dimin. in -eke)]
reader: Alan Hartley
date read: January 1996
catchword: CLEAT
part of speech: noun
reason cited: antedates 1377
text: Et in J. cleto empto cum Putokrynges.. [(trans.) And for 1 cleat purchased, with puttock-rings..]
from: p. 81 of Middle English Sea Terms , v. 3, by Bertil Sandahl (1982)
note: cited from Exchequer. King's Remembrancer. Various Accounts. (in Lists and Indexes 35, HMSO, 1912) 101/7/25
note: date of primary source: 1298-9
reader: Alan Hartley
date read: January 1996
catchword: RATLIN
part of speech: noun
reason cited: etymology
from: p. 82 of Middle English Sea Terms , v. 3, by Bertil Sandahl (1982)
note: Explicitly rejects OED's etymology., preferring deriv. from RADDLE (sb. 1).
note: see slip submitted for RADDLE for further etymology.
reader: Alan Hartley
date read: January 1996
catchword: RADDLE
part of speech: noun
reason cited: RADDLE sb. 1; etymology
from: p. 82-3 of Middle English Sea Terms , v. 3, by Bertil Sandahl (1982)
note: Explicitly rejects OED's etymology. Proposes (northern) ME *ratheling from ON *rathel which, by reg. loss of v, comes from earlier *vrathel, cognate w. OE wræthel, wrædel 'girdle', from ON (v)ritha 'to twist, interweave', cogn. w. WRITHE.
reader: Alan Hartley
date read: January 1996
catchword: DOCK
part of speech: noun
reason cited: DOCK sb. 3; antedates 1486
text: in Portu Suth' postquam dicta Ball' launchat' fuerat extra le Dook [(trans.) in the port of Southampton after the said balinger was launched from the dock]
from: p. 85 of Middle English Sea Terms , v. 3, by Bertil Sandahl (1982)
note: cited from ms. naval accounts and inventories of William Soper, Nat. Marit. Mus.
note: date of primary source: 1422-7
reader: Alan Hartley
date read: January 1996
catchword: LAUNCH
part of speech: v.
reason cited: LAUNCH v.: 4.a.; early quot., perh. antedating
text: in Portu Suth' postquam dicta Ball' launchat' fuerat extra le Dook [(trans.) in the port of Southampton after the said balinger was launched from the dock]
from: p. 85 of Middle English Sea Terms , v. 3, by Bertil Sandahl (1982)
note: ms.cited from naval accounts and inventories of William Soper, Nat. Marit. Mus.
note: date of primary source: 1422-7
reader: Alan Hartley
date read: January 1996
catchword: MAKE GREAT
part of speech: v.
reason cited: ? not in OED; ? early quot.
text: by couenaunte with hym made grete within the time of this Acompt
from: p. 85 of Middle English Sea Terms , v. 3, by Bertil Sandahl (1982)
note: cited from M. Oppenheim, ed. 1896. Naval accounts and inventories of the reign of Henry VII. Navy Records Society 8, p. 190
note: date of primary source: 1495
reader: Alan Hartley
date read: January 1996
catchword: RIGGING
part of speech: verbal noun
reason cited: etymology
from: p. 88 of Middle English Sea Terms , v. 3, by Bertil Sandahl (1982)
note: not of Scand. origin; not related to "the various rigs and riggings listed in the NED"
reader: Alan Hartley
date read: January 1996
catchword: SHOOTING
part of speech: verbal noun
reason cited: new meaning
text: Makyng of an Ankere Stoke and Shutyng the Ankere. Also the seid Robert Brygandyne hath payed for the Shuttyng of an Anker that belongeth to the seid Ship..
from: p. 94 of Middle English Sea Terms , v. 3, by Bertil Sandahl (1982)
note: cited from M. Oppenheim, ed. 1896. Naval accounts and inventories of the reign of Henry VII. Navy Records Society 8, p. 190
note: date of primary source: 1495
note: I would guess this means the bending of a cable to the anchor
reader: Alan Hartley
date read: January 1996
catchword: BEE
part of speech: noun
reason cited: BEE 2: 2; antedates 1860
text: Stroppes for the tyes otherwise called bees ij
from: p. 97 of Middle English Sea Terms , v. 3, by Bertil Sandahl (1982)
note: cited from M. Oppenheim, ed. 1896. Naval accounts and inventories of the reign of Henry VII. Navy Records Society 8, p. 37
note: date of primary source: 1485
reader: Alan Hartley
date read: January 1996
catchword: SLING
part of speech: noun
reason cited: SLING sb. 2; etymology.
from: p. 97-8 of Middle English Sea Terms , v. 3, by Bertil Sandahl (1982)
note: Sandahl considers this possibly to be a 'Channel word', i.e., a nautical word widespread around the English Channel, thus perh. making meaningless the question of the immediate origin of the English term.
reader: Alan Hartley
date read: January 1996
catchword: WELFARE
part of speech: noun
reason cited: WELFARE sb.; early example
text: Fluna la Welyfare [ (trans.) the floine [a type of ship] [named] the Welyfare]
from: p. 100 of Middle English Sea Terms , v. 3, by Bertil Sandahl (1982)
note: cited from Exchequer. King's Remembrancer. Various Accounts. (in Lists and Indexes 35, HMSO, 1912) 101/27/15
note: date of primary source: 1358-64
reader: Alan Hartley
date read: January 1996
catchword: LASTAGE
part of speech: noun
reason cited: LASTAGE sb. [2]: 2; [antedates 1397-8, French text]
text: En lastage de la Cog' Johan quant il fust deliuerez a Will'm Pier' iij.s. [ (trans.) for the lastage [ballasting] of the cog Johan when it was delivered to William Pier 3 s.]
from: p. 100 of Middle English Sea Terms , v. 3, by Bertil Sandahl (1982)
note: cited from Exchequer. King's Remembrancer. Various Accounts. (in Lists and Indexes 35, HMSO, 1912) 101/25/32/ m. 2
note: date of primary source: 1347-50
reader: Alan Hartley
date read: January 1996
catchword: STEDING-LINE
part of speech: noun
reason cited: etymology (not in OED)
from: p. 101 of Middle English Sea Terms , v. 3, by Bertil Sandahl (1982)
note: prob. from ON stæthingr, but a native formation on OE stod [-o- is long] cannot be excluded
reader: Alan Hartley
date read: January 1996
catchword: STEKIERES
part of speech: noun (pl. form)
reason cited: etymology (not in OED)
from: p. 101-2 of Middle English Sea Terms , v. 3, by Bertil Sandahl (1982)
note: perh. from OE stician plus agentive suffix -er
reader: Alan Hartley
date read: January 1996
catchword: STETING / STEDING
part of speech: noun
reason cited: etymology (not in OED)
from: p. 105 of Middle English Sea Terms , v. 3, by Bertil Sandahl (1982)
note: from ON stæthingr which is from ON stóth 'post, upright' (= OE stod [-o- is long], E stud)
reader: Alan Hartley
date read: January 1996
catchword: STETE
part of speech: noun
reason cited: etymology (not in OED)
from: p. 107 of Middle English Sea Terms , v. 3, by Bertil Sandahl (1982)
note: from ME steten, stete 'to push, shove, kick'
reader: Alan Hartley
date read: January 1996
catchword: SWIFTER
part of speech: noun
reason cited: etymology
from: p. 110 of Middle English Sea Terms , v. 3, by Bertil Sandahl (1982)
note: from ME swift 'reef-point'
reader: Alan Hartley
date read: January 1996
catchword: SWIFT
part of speech: noun
reason cited: SWIFT sb. 1; etymology
from: p. 105 of Middle English Sea Terms , v. 2, by Bertil Sandahl (1958)
note: from ON sviptingar, sviptungar 'reef-points' from Germ. *swip- 'move in a sweeping manner'
reader: Alan Hartley
date read: January 1996
catchword: SKEET
part of speech: noun
reason cited: SKEET sb. 1; antedates 1440
text: De Teldes x. De Sketefat' j.
from: p. 110 of Middle English Sea Terms , v. 3, by Bertil Sandahl (1982)
note: cited from Exchequer. King's Remembrancer. Various Accounts. (in Lists and Indexes 35, HMSO, 1912) 101/43/7 m. 3
note: date of primary source: 1401-3
reader: Alan Hartley
date read: January 1996
catchword: SKEET-FAT
part of speech: noun
reason cited: SKEET sb. 1; not in OED
text: De Teldes x. De Sketefat' j.[(trans.) for 10 awnings and 1 skeet-fat]
from: p. 110 of Middle English Sea Terms , v. 3, by Bertil Sandahl (1982)
note: cited from Exchequer. King's Remembrancer. Various Accounts. (in Lists and Indexes 35, HMSO, 1912) 101/43/7 m. 3
note: date of primary source: 1401-3
reader: Alan Hartley
date read: January 1996
catchword: TACK
part of speech: noun
reason cited: TACK sb. 1: 5.a.; etymology
from: p. 111 of Middle English Sea Terms , v. 3, by Bertil Sandahl (1982)
note: from OF taque 'belaying cleat' (cf. modF taquet), ult. from Germ. stakka 'stake'
reader: Alan Hartley
date read: January 1996
catchword: BARK
part of speech: noun
reason cited: BARK sb. 2; antedates 1475
text: Carrac' Regis vocat' Petir de la Tour' cum..xij. Pulleys J. Batell' voc' barke J. lantern.. [(trans.) the King's carrack called Petir de la Tour with..12 pulleys, 1 boat called a bark, 1 lantern..]
from: p. 123 of Middle English Sea Terms , v. 3, by Bertil Sandahl (1982)
note: cited from Exchequer. King's Remembrancer. Various Accounts. (in Lists and Indexes 35, HMSO, 1912) 101/49/29 m. 11
note: date of primary source 1419-22
reader: Alan Hartley
date read: January 1996
catchword: SEW
part of speech: noun
reason cited: SEW sb. 2; [antedates 1475 (French text)]
text: Et en sewe pur les vpteghes viij.d...Et en sewe achate a Sandwiz pur la talwyng de mesme le nief et la bat' dicelle [(trans.) And for a sew for the ties [rigging] 8.d...And for a sew bought at Sandwich for the tallowing of the same ship and its boat]
from: p. 124 of Middle English Sea Terms , v. 3, by Bertil Sandahl (1982)
note: cited from Exchequer. King's Remembrancer. Various Accounts. (in Lists and Indexes 35, HMSO, 1912) 101/25/32 m.4
note: date of primary source: 1347-50
note: Here sew has the meaning 'tub' from which the E meaning 'sewer' prob. developed.
reader: Alan Hartley
date read: January 1996
catchword: UPTIE
part of speech: noun
reason cited: etymology
from: p. 124 of Middle English Sea Terms , v. 3, by Bertil Sandahl (1982)
note: prefers deverbal formation on the verb uptigan [-g- with superscript dot] to compound of up plus teag
reader: Alan Hartley
date read: January 1996
catchword: WARE-SHEET
part of speech: noun
reason cited: etymology (not in OED)
from: p. 126 of Middle English Sea Terms , v. 3, by Bertil Sandahl (1982)
note: from WARE v. 'to guard, secure' (i.e., a 'preventer rope' of some kind)
reader: Alan Hartley
date read: January 1996
catchword: WARETACK
part of speech: noun
reason cited: etymology
from: p. 127 of Middle English Sea Terms , v. 3, by Bertil Sandahl (1982)
note: from WARE v. 'to guard, secure' (i.e., a 'preventer tack')
reader: Alan Hartley
date read: January 1996
catchword: WARTAKE
part of speech: noun
reason cited: etymology
from: p. 127 of Middle English Sea Terms , v. 3, by Bertil Sandahl (1982)
note: from WARE v. 'to guard, secure' (i.e., a 'preventer tack')
reader: Alan Hartley
date read: January 1996
catchword: BLOCK
part of speech: noun
reason cited: BLOCK sb.: 5; antedates1622
text: payit to Robert Bertoun for blokkis and brassin schiffis..
from: p. 132 of Middle English Sea Terms , v. 3, by Bertil Sandahl (1982)
note: Accts. Lord High Treasurer of Scotland, vol. 1, p. 254
note: date of primary source 1505
reader: Alan Hartley
date read: January 1996
catchword: CANVAS
part of speech: noun
reason cited: early example
text: Et in lx. vlnis caneuac' emptis ad dictum velum dupplicandum [(trans.) And for 60 ells of canvas bought for reinforcing said sail]
from: p. 140 of Middle English Sea Terms , v. 3, by Bertil Sandahl (1982)
note: cited from Exchequer. King's Remembrancer. Various Accounts. (in Lists and Indexes 35, HMSO, 1912) 101/19/31 (ms.4-6) m. 4
note: date of primary source: 1336-7
reader: Alan Hartley
date read: January 1996
catchword: GARFANGLE
part of speech: noun
reason cited: antedates 1440
text: Et in ij. Garfangles viij.d. [(trans.) And for 2 garfangles, 8 d.]
from: p. 142 of Middle English Sea Terms , v. 3, by Bertil Sandahl (1982)
note: cited from Exchequer. King's Remembrancer. Various Accounts. (in Lists and Indexes 35, HMSO, 1912) 101/19/31 (ms. 4-6) m. 4
note: date of primary source: 1336-7
reader: Alan Hartley
date read: January 1996
catchword: TRIPOD
part of speech: noun
reason cited: antedates 1370
text: iij. Caudrons de coreo j. Tripode iij. Bayles
from: p. 143 of Middle English Sea Terms , v. 3, by Bertil Sandahl (1982)
note: cited from Customs Accounts 122/176/3
note: date of primary source: 1342-3
reader: Alan Hartley
date read: January 1996
catchword: AUGER
part of speech: noun
reason cited: AUGER sb. 1; earliest example of form without initial n-
text: j. batell' debili j. auegore j. Martell' [ (trans.) one weak boat, 1 auger, 1 hammer]
from: p. 151 of Middle English Sea Terms , v. 3, by Bertil Sandahl (1982)
note: cited from Exchequer. Accounts of the Clerk of the King's Ships 372/203 m. 34 (37)
note: date of primary source: 1358-9
reader: Alan Hartley
date read: January 1996
catchword: TRIPOD
part of speech: noun
reason cited: new variant; antedates 1370
text: j. crowe ponder' xxviij.lb. j. triped ponder' xxxix.lb.
from: p. 152 of Middle English Sea Terms , v. 3, by Bertil Sandahl (1982)
note: cited from Exchequer. Accounts of the Clerk of the King's Ships 372/203 m. 36 (39) d.
note: date of primary source: 1358-9
reader: Alan Hartley
date read: January 1996
catchword: STIPIT
part of speech: noun
reason cited: antedates a hapax from 1592
text: Et de j. lath' cum j. stipit' pro bord' operand' fact' de merem' [(trans.) And for 1 'lathe' [? scaffold] with 1 stipit for working on planking, made of wood]
from: p. 152 of Middle English Sea Terms , v. 3, by Bertil Sandahl (1982)
note: cited from Exchequer. Accounts of the Clerk of the King's Ships 372/203 m. 36 (39) d.
note: date of primary source: 1358-9
reader: Alan Hartley
date read: January 1996
catchword: LATHE
part of speech: noun
reason cited: LATHE sb. 3; antedates 1476
text: Et de j. lath' cum j. stipit' pro bord' operand' fact' de merem' [(trans.) And for 1 'lathe' [? scaffold] with 1 stipit for working on planking, made of wood]
from: p. 152 of Middle English Sea Terms , v. 3, by Bertil Sandahl (1982)
note: cited from Exchequer. Accounts of the Clerk of the King's Ships 372/203 m. 36 (39) d.
note: date of primary source: 1358-9
reader: Alan Hartley
date read: January 1996
catchword: ROLL
part of speech: noun
reason cited: ROLL sb. 1: 15; antedates 1426
text: ij. polyues cum ij. rueles de eneo [(trans.) 2 blocks with 2 brass/bronze rolls [sheaves]]
from: p. 152 of Middle English Sea Terms , v. 3, by Bertil Sandahl (1982)
note: cited from Exchequer. Accounts of the Clerk of the King's Ships 372/203 m. 36 (39) d.
note: date of primary source: 1358-9
reader: Alan Hartley
date read: January 1996
catchword: SKEET-FAT
part of speech: noun
reason cited: SKEET sb. 1; not in OED
text: sketfates xx. polyues ij.
from: p. 153 of Middle English Sea Terms , v. 3, by Bertil Sandahl (1982)
note: cited from Guildhall. Letter-Book G, fol. ccciv.
note: date of primary source: 1373
reader: Alan Hartley
date read: January 1996
catchword: TRESTLE
part of speech: noun
reason cited: early example (Fr text)
text: iiij. tables oue trestell' iiij. napes pour ycels [(trans.) 4 tables or trestles with 4 cloths for them]
from: p. 153 of Middle English Sea Terms , v. 3, by Bertil Sandahl (1982)
note: cited from Guildhall. Letter-Book G, fol. ccciv.
note: date of primary source: 1373
note: Fr. document with much Eng. vocab.
reader: Alan Hartley
date read: January 1996
catchword: NAPE
part of speech: noun
reason cited: NAPE sb. 2; [antedates a hapax of 1450 (Fr text)]
text: iiij. tables oue trestell' iiij. napes pour ycels [(trans.) 4 tables or trestles with 4 cloths for them]
from: p. 153 of Middle English Sea Terms , v. 3, by Bertil Sandahl (1982)
note: cited from Guildhall. Letter-Book G, fol. ccciv.
note: date of primary source: 1373
note: Fr. document with much Eng. vocab.
reader: Alan Hartley
date read: January 1996
catchword: TRIBUL
part of speech: noun
reason cited: not in OED
text: pro garnestura diuers' nau' Regis..in particula de scop' et tribul' [(trans.) for equipment for several of the King's ships..in particular for scoops and 'tribuls']
from: p. 151 of Middle English Sea Terms , v. 3, by Bertil Sandahl (1982)
note: cited from Exchequer. Accounts of the Clerk of the King's Ships 372/203 m. 34 (37)
note: date of primary source: 1358-9
note: meaning unknown. Sandahl (p. 19) says "A tool, generally a shovel", but cf. Ital trivello, OF tairelle, etc., from L terebellus 'auger'
reader: Alan Hartley
date read: January 1996
Return to top of document