The first (bolded) term (the catchword) is Latin, the other bolded term is Greek. Loans are Greek to Latin unless otherwise indicated (by →). A calque is a loan-translation.

acatus/acatium [actuarius] (small merchant galley) akatos/akation

agea (gangway between rowers) cf. agyia

amphora (earthenware jar, much used in transport) amphoreus

ancora (anchor) agkura

ancora sacra (sheet anchor) (Jal) (calque?) hiera agkura

annona (annual grain tribute to Rome) → annona

anquina (halyard) agkoina

antlia (pump) antlia

aparctias (N wind) aparktias

ap(h)eliotes (east wind) [subsolanus, ? calque] apeliotes (Attic)

aphractus [aperta] (not fortified, of ship) aphraktos

aplustre (stern post) aphlaston

apogêus (land wind) apogaios

apotheca (warehouse) apotheke

archipirata (pirate commander) archipeirates

artemo, -nis (foresail) artemonn

biremis (bireme) → dieres (Pollux, AD II)

bolus (a catch [of fish]) bolos

boreas (north to north-northeast wind) boreas

cadus (jar; measure) kados

caecius (east-northeast wind) kaikias

camara (deck) kamara

campsare (to round a cape) (III-II BC, Enn. Ann. 328) kampsai

canalis (channel) → kanalion (AD IV)

canna (reed) kanna

carchesium (mast-top) karchesion

castellatus (fortified with bulwarks) → kastellatos (A.D. 680)

catabolum (warehouse) katabolon

cataphractus [tecta, constrata] (fortified by bulwarks) kataphraktos

catapirates (sounding lead) katapeirates

cataplûs (arrival of a ship) kataplous

catascopus [speculatoria] (reconnaisance vessel) kataskopos

celeu(s)ma (cadence-call for rowers) keleu(s)ma

celox (small merchant galley) (partial calque; by assoc. w/ velox) keles

centenarius (hundred-weight) → kendenaria (A.D. 298)

cercius/circius (west-northwest wind) (direction of loan?) kirkios

cercurus (type of galley) (Livy) kerkouros

ceruchi (lifts [of yard]) kerouchoi

chalare (to lower) (Vegetius) chalao

chêniscus (goose-head ornament at the stern) cheniskos

commercium (trade) → kommerkion

constrata (deck) (calque?) katastroma

contus (pole) kontos

cornu (yardarm) (calque?) keras

corvus/corax (boarding gangway) (corvus prob. calque?) → koraks

costa (rib; frame-timber) (calque?) pleura

côthô, -onis (mooring basin) kothon

cumba (skiff) kumbe

cybaea (merchant galley) (Cicero) kubaia

cydarum (type of vsl) (Gellius 10.25.5) kudaron

denarius (a coin) → denarion (I BC)

diaeta (cabin) diaita

dicrotum (bireme) (Cicero) (and bicrotum, inscrip., partial calque) dikrotos

dromô, -nis (type of large galley) dromon (AD VI)

embaenitarius (class of longshoreman) embaino

embola (loading) (Codex Theodosianus A.D. 438) embole (III B.C.)

emporium (market) emporion

epibata (marine [soldier]) epibates

epicopus (propelled by oars) (Cicero) epikopos

epidromus (jigger mast) epidromos

ergata (capstan) (Vitruvius) ergates

etesiae (etesian winds) etesiai

euripus (strait, canal) euripos

euroaquilo, -onis (northeast wind) eurakulon (Acts 27:14)

eurus (east or southeast wind) [Volturnus] euros

exanclare (to bail out) (archaic) eksantleo

facere pedem (to tack) (calque?) podiaion poieisthai

gaulus (ship; bucket) gaulos

gubernator (helmsman, pilot) (cognate with Greek word?; partial calque?) kybernetes

helcium (tow-rope) (cf. helciarii (boat-haulers), Rougé 1966) helkion (yoke)

hippago(go)/hippêgus (horse transport) hippagogos/hippegos

horreum (grain warehouse) → horia (plural, AD II, Rome)

iugum (thwart) (calque?) zeugon

lembus (boat; auxiliary galley) (Plautus) lembos

liburna/liburnica (type of small galley) liburnis/liburnikon

libs/lips (west-southwest wind)/libonotus (south-southwest wind) lips/libonotos

malacia (calm) (Caesar) malakia

medimnus (volume measure, esp. for grain) medimnos

mesonauta (a class of sailor) *mesonautes

mina (weight meas.) mna

modius (volume meas., esp. for grain) → modios (IV-III BC)

moles (breakwater) → molos (AD VI)

musculus (type of vessel) (Isidore) (calque) mydion

mydion (type of vessel) (Gellius) mydion

myoparo, -onis (type of vessel) myoparon

nauclerus (master) (Plautus) (as navicularius) naukleros

naufylax (shipkeeper) (in two inscriptions) nauphylaks

naulum (freight) naulon

naupegus (shipwright) naupegos

nausea (seasickness) nausia

nauta/navita (arch.) (sailor) nautes

nauticus (nautical) nautikos

navarchus (squadron commander) (Cicero) nauarchos

notus (south) notos

opisphora (braces [of yard]) (Isidore) *opisfora

pannus (a piece of cloth) → pani (on)

parasemo, -nis/parasemum (name-device) parasemon

parastatae (mast partners) parastatai

paro, -onis (type of vessel) paron

pelagus (sea) pelagos

pentêris (quinquereme) penteres

pes (sheet [rope]) (calque) pous

phalanga/palanga (roller for beaching; carrying pole) (AD II) phalanga

pharos, us (lighthouse) pharos

phaselus (merchant galley) (I BC-AD I) phaselos

pîrâta (pirate) peirates

pleromarius (a class of sailor) (inscip., A.D. 200) pleroma (crew)

podia (sheets [ropes]) (AD IV-V) podia

pontus (poet.) (sea) pontos

pristis (galley) pristis

prodromus (northeast wind preceding the etesians) prodromos

propes (tack [rope]) (partial calque) propous

prora (prow) prora

proreta (bow-man) (Plautus) proretes

prosnesium (shore-fast) (Isidore) ?*prosnesion

quadriêris (quadrireme) (partial calque) teteres

remulcum (tow rope) rumoulkeo

saburra (sand; ballast) → saboura (A.D. IV)

saccus (sack) sakkos

sagêna (type of vessel) sagene

salum (open sea) salos

scala (ladder; gangway) → skala (A.D. II)

scalmus (tholepin) skalmos

scapha (boat) (Plautus) skaphe

scopulus (reef, rock) skopelos

securis (ax) → sekourion (A.D. 301)

sip(h)arum (topsail) (on direction of loan, Rougé 1966) → sipharos

sîtarchia (provisions for a journey) sitarchia

situla (bucket) → sitla

spartum (Spanish broom fiber) sparton

spongia (sponge) sphongos

statera (steelyard) statera

statio (anchorage) (partial calque?) stathmos

statio, -onis (place of business) → station (AD 174)

stega (deck) (Plautus only) stega

strophus/stroppus/struppus (strop) strophos

stuppa (tow [flax]) stuppe

tabula (plank) → tabla (AD I)

talentum (weight measure, 60 minae) talanton

tesserarius (dispatch boat) (20 B.C.) → tesserarios

thrascias (north-northwest wind) thraskias

triêrarchus (master of a trireme) trierarchos

triêris (trireme) trieres

trochlea (block and tackle) troxileia

xenodochium (inn) xenodokeion

zephyrus (west wind) zephyros

zopissa (recycled pitch and wax scraped from hull) zopissa