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Local search engine optimisation

Local search engine optimization (Local SEO) is similar to (national) SEO in that it is also a process affecting the visibility of a website or a web page in a web search engine's unpaid results (SERP- search engine results page) often referred to as "natural", "organic", or "earned" results.[1] In general, the higher ranked on the search results page and more frequently a site appears in the search results list, the more visitors it will receive from the search engine's users; these visitors can then be converted into customers.[2] Local SEO, however, differs in that it is focused on optimizing a business' online presence so that its web pages will be displayed by search engines when users enter local searches for its products or services.[3] Ranking for local search involves a similar process to general SEO but includes some specific elements to rank a business for local search.

For example, local SEO is all about ‘optimizing‘ your online presence to attract more business from relevant local searches.

The majority of these searches take place on Google, Yahoo, Bing and other search engines but for better optimization in your local area you should also use sites like Yelp, Angie's List, LinkedIn, Local business directories, social media channels and others.[4] The origin of local SEO can be traced back[5] to 2003-2005 when search engines tried to provide people with results in their vicinity as well as additional information such as opening times of a store, listings in maps, etc.

Local SEO has evolved over the years to provide a targeted online marketing approach that allows local businesses to appear based on a range of local search signals, providing a distinct difference from broader organic SEO which prioritises relevance of search over a distance of searcher.

Local searches trigger search engines to display two types of results on the Search engine results page: local organic results and the 'Local Pack'.[3] The local organic results include web pages related to the search query with local relevance.

These often include directories such as Yelp, Yellow Pages, Facebook, etc.[3] The Local Pack displays businesses that have signed up with Google and taken ownership of their 'Google My Business' (GMB) listing.

The information displayed in the GMB listing and hence in the Local Pack can come from different sources:[6] Depending on the searches, Google can show relevant local results in Google Maps or Search.

This is true on both mobile and desktop devices.[7] Google has added a new Q&A features to Google Maps allowing users to submit questions to owners and allowing these to respond.[8].

This Q&A feature is tied to the associated Google My Business account.

Google My Business (GMB) is a free tool that allows businesses to create and manage their Google listing.

These listings must represent a physical location that a customer can visit.

A Google My Business listing appears when customers search for businesses either on Google Maps or in Google SERPs.

The accuracy of these listings is a local ranking factor.

Major search engines have algorithms that determine which local businesses rank in local search.

Primary factors that impact a local business's chance of appearing in local search include proper categorization in business directories, a business's name, address, and phone number (NAP) being crawlable on the website, and citations (mentions of the local business on other relevant websites like a chamber of commerce website).[9] In 2016, a study using statistical analysis assessed how and why businesses ranked in the Local Packs and identified positive correlations between local rankings and 100+ ranking factors.[10] Although the study cannot replicate Google's algorithm, it did deliver several interesting findings: Prominence, relevance, and distance are the three main criteria Google claims to use in its algorithms to show results that best match a user's query.[12] According to a group of local SEO experts who took part in a survey, links and reviews are more important than ever to rank locally.[13] As a result of both Google as well as Apple offering "near me" as an option to users, some authors[14] report on how Google Trends shows very significant increases in "near me" queries.

The same authors also report that the factors correlating the most with Local Pack ranking for "near me" queries include the presence of the "searched city and state in backlinks' anchor text" as well as the use of the " 'near me' in internal link anchor text" An important update to Google's local algorithm, rolled out on the 1st of September 2016.[15] Summary of the update on local search results: As previously explained (see above), the Possum update led similar listings, within the same building, or even located on the same street, to get filtered.

As a result, only one listing "with greater organic ranking and stronger relevance to the keyword" would be shown.[16] After the Hawk update on 22 August 2017, this filtering seems to apply only to listings located within the same building or close by (e.g.

50 feet), but not to listings located further away (e.g.325 feet away).[16] As previously explained (see above), reviews are deemed to be an important ranking factor.

Joy Hawkins, a Google Top Contributor and local SEO expert, highlights the problems due to fake reviews:[17]

Search engine optimization

Search engine optimization (SEO) is the process of growing the quality and quantity of website traffic by increasing the visibility of a website or a web page to users of a web search engine.[1] SEO refers to the improvement of unpaid results (known as "natural" or "organic" results) and excludes direct traffic and the purchase of paid placement.

Additionally, it may target different kinds of searches, including image search, video search, academic search,[2] news search, and industry-specific vertical search engines.

Promoting a site to increase the number of backlinks, or inbound links, is another SEO tactic.

By May 2015, mobile search had surpassed desktop search.[3] As an Internet marketing strategy, SEO considers how search engines work, the computer-programmed algorithms that dictate search engine behavior, what people search for, the actual search terms or keywords typed into search engines, and which search engines are preferred by their targeted audience.

SEO is performed because a website will receive more visitors from a search engine when website ranks are higher in the search engine results page (SERP).

These visitors can then be converted into customers.[4] SEO differs from local Search engine optimization in that the latter is focused on optimizing a business' online presence so that its web pages will be displayed by search engines when a user enters a local search for its products or services.

The former instead is more focused on national or international searches.

Webmasters and content providers began optimizing websites for search engines in the mid-1990s, as the first search engines were cataloging the early Web.

Initially, all webmasters only needed to submit the address of a page, or URL, to the various engines which would send a web crawler to crawl that page, extract links to other pages from it, and return information found on the page to be indexed.[5] The process involves a search engine spider downloading a page and storing it on the search engine's own server.

A second program, known as an indexer, extracts information about the page, such as the words it contains, where they are located, and any weight for specific words, as well as all links the page contains.

All of this information is then placed into a scheduler for crawling at a later date.

Website owners recognized the value of a high ranking and visibility in search engine results,[6] creating an opportunity for both white hat and black hat SEO practitioners.

According to industry analyst Danny Sullivan, the phrase "Search engine optimization" probably came into use in 1997.

Sullivan credits Bruce Clay as one of the first people to popularize the term.[7] On May 2, 2007,[8] Jason Gambert attempted to trademark the term SEO by convincing the Trademark Office in Arizona[9] that SEO is a "process" involving manipulation of keywords and not a "marketing service." Early versions of search algorithms relied on webmaster-provided information such as the keyword meta tag or index files in engines like ALIWEB.

Meta tags provide a guide to each page's content.

Using metadata to index pages was found to be less than reliable, however, because the webmaster's choice of keywords in the meta tag could potentially be an inaccurate representation of the site's actual content.

Inaccurate, incomplete, and inconsistent data in meta tags could and did cause pages to rank for irrelevant searches.[10][dubious – discuss] Web content providers also manipulated some attributes within the HTML source of a page in an attempt to rank well in search engines.[11] By 1997, search engine designers recognized that webmasters were making efforts to rank well in their search engine, and that some webmasters were even manipulating their rankings in search results by stuffing pages with excessive or irrelevant keywords.

Early search engines, such as Altavista and Infoseek, adjusted their algorithms to prevent webmasters from manipulating rankings.[12] By relying so much on factors such as keyword density which were exclusively within a webmaster's control, early search engines suffered from abuse and ranking manipulation.

To provide better results to their users, search engines had to adapt to ensure their results pages showed the most relevant search results, rather than unrelated pages stuffed with numerous keywords by unscrupulous webmasters.

This meant moving away from heavy reliance on term density to a more holistic process for scoring semantic signals.[13] Since the success and popularity of a search engine is determined by its ability to produce the most relevant results to any given search, poor quality or irrelevant search results could lead users to find other search sources.

Search engines responded by developing more complex ranking algorithms, taking into account additional factors that were more difficult for webmasters to manipulate.

In 2005, an annual conference, AIRWeb (Adversarial Information Retrieval on the Web), was created to bring together practitioners and researchers concerned with Search engine optimization and related topics.[14] Companies that employ overly aggressive techniques can get their client websites banned from the search results.

In 2005, the Wall Street Journal reported on a company, Traffic Power, which allegedly used high-risk techniques and failed to disclose those risks to its clients.[15] Wired magazine reported that the same company sued blogger and SEO Aaron Wall for writing about the ban.[16] Google's Matt Cutts later confirmed that Google did in fact ban Traffic Power and some of its clients.[17] Some search engines have also reached out to the SEO industry, and are frequent sponsors and guests at SEO conferences, webchats, and seminars.

Major search engines provide information and guidelines to help with website optimization.[18][19] Google has a Sitemaps program to help webmasters learn if Google is having any problems indexing their website and also provides data on Google traffic to the website.[20] Bing Webmaster Tools provides a way for webmasters to submit a sitemap and web feeds, allows users to determine the "crawl rate", and track the web pages index status.

In 2015, it was reported that Google was developing and promoting mobile search as a key feature within future products.

In response, many brands began to take a different approach to their Internet marketing strategies.[21] In 1998, two graduate students at Stanford University, Larry Page and Sergey Brin, developed "Backrub", a search engine that relied on a mathematical algorithm to rate the prominence of web pages.

The number calculated by the algorithm, PageRank, is a function of the quantity and strength of inbound links.[22] PageRank estimates the likelihood that a given page will be reached by a web user who randomly surfs the web, and follows links from one page to another.

In effect, this means that some links are stronger than others, as a higher PageRank page is more likely to be reached by the random web surfer.

Page and Brin founded Google in 1998.[23] Google attracted a loyal following among the growing number of Internet users, who liked its simple design.[24] Off-page factors (such as PageRank and hyperlink analysis) were considered as well as on-page factors (such as keyword frequency, meta tags, headings, links and site structure) to enable Google to avoid the kind of manipulation seen in search engines that only considered on-page factors for their rankings.

Although PageRank was more difficult to game, webmasters had already developed link building tools and schemes to influence the Inktomi search engine, and these methods proved similarly applicable to gaming PageRank.

Many sites focused on exchanging, buying, and selling links, often on a massive scale.

Some of these schemes, or link farms, involved the creation of thousands of sites for the sole purpose of link spamming.[25] By 2004, search engines had incorporated a wide range of undisclosed factors in their ranking algorithms to reduce the impact of link manipulation.

In June 2007, The New York Times' Saul Hansell stated Google ranks sites using more than 200 different signals.[26] The leading search engines, Google, Bing, and Yahoo, do not disclose the algorithms they use to rank pages.

Some SEO practitioners have studied different approaches to Search engine optimization, and have shared their personal opinions.[27] Patents related to search engines can provide information to better understand search engines.[28] In 2005, Google began personalizing search results for each user.

Depending on their history of previous searches, Google crafted results for logged in users.[29] In 2007, Google announced a campaign against paid links that transfer PageRank.[30] On June 15, 2009, Google disclosed that they had taken measures to mitigate the effects of PageRank sculpting by use of the nofollow attribute on links.

Matt Cutts, a well-known software engineer at Google, announced that Google Bot would no longer treat any nofollow links, in the same way, to prevent SEO service providers from using nofollow for PageRank sculpting.[31] As a result of this change the usage of nofollow led to evaporation of PageRank.

In order to avoid the above, SEO engineers developed alternative techniques that replace nofollowed tags with obfuscated JavaScript and thus permit PageRank sculpting.

Additionally several solutions have been suggested that include the usage of iframes, Flash and JavaScript.[32] In December 2009, Google announced it would be using the web search history of all its users in order to populate search results.[33] On June 8, 2010 a new web indexing system called Google Caffeine was announced.

Designed to allow users to find news results, forum posts and other content much sooner after publishing than before, Google caffeine was a change to the way Google updated its index in order to make things show up quicker on Google than before.

According to Carrie Grimes, the software engineer who announced Caffeine for Google, "Caffeine provides 50 percent fresher results for web searches than our last index..."[34] Google Instant, real-time-search, was introduced in late 2010 in an attempt to make search results more timely and relevant.

Historically site administrators have spent months or even years optimizing a website to increase search rankings.

With the growth in popularity of social media sites and blogs the leading engines made changes to their algorithms to allow fresh content to rank quickly within the search results.[35] In February 2011, Google announced the Panda update, which penalizes websites containing content duplicated from other websites and sources.

Historically websites have copied content from one another and benefited in search engine rankings by engaging in this practice.

However, Google implemented a new system which punishes sites whose content is not unique.[36] The 2012 Google Penguin attempted to penalize websites that used manipulative techniques to improve their rankings on the search engine.[37] Although Google Penguin has been presented as an algorithm aimed at fighting web spam, it really focuses on spammy links[38] by gauging the quality of the sites the links are coming from.

The 2013 Google Hummingbird update featured an algorithm change designed to improve Google's natural language processing and semantic understanding of web pages.

Hummingbird's language processing system falls under the newly recognized term of "conversational search" where the system pays more attention to each word in the query in order to better match the pages to the meaning of the query rather than a few words.[39] With regards to the changes made to Search engine optimization, for content publishers and writers, Hummingbird is intended to resolve issues by getting rid of irrelevant content and spam, allowing Google to produce high-quality content and rely on them to be 'trusted' authors.

In October 2019, Google announced they would start applying BERT models for english language search queries in the US.

Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers (BERT) was another attempt by Google to improve their natural language processing but this time in order to better understand the search queries of their users.[40] In terms of Search engine optimization, BERT intended to connect users more easily to relevant content and increase the quality of traffic coming to websites that are ranking in the Search Engine Results Page.[41] The leading search engines, such as Google, Bing and Yahoo!, use crawlers to find pages for their algorithmic search results.

Pages that are linked from other search engine indexed pages do not need to be submitted because they are found automatically.

The Yahoo! Directory and DMOZ, two major directories which closed in 2014 and 2017 respectively, both required manual submission and human editorial review.[42] Google offers Google Search Console, for which an XML Sitemap feed can be created and submitted for free to ensure that all pages are found, especially pages that are not discoverable by automatically following links[43] in addition to their URL submission console.[44] Yahoo! formerly operated a paid submission service that guaranteed crawling for a cost per click;[45] however, this practice was discontinued in 2009.

Search engine crawlers may look at a number of different factors when crawling a site.

Not every page is indexed by the search engines.

The distance of pages from the root directory of a site may also be a factor in whether or not pages get crawled.[46] Today, most people are searching on Google using a mobile device.[47] In November 2016, Google announced a major change to the way crawling websites and started to make their index mobile-first, which means the mobile version of a given website becomes the starting point for what Google includes in their index.[48] In May 2019, Google updated the rendering engine of their crawler to be the latest version of Chromium (74 at the time of the announcement).

Google indicated that they would regularly update the Chromium rendering engine to the latest version.

[49] In December of 2019, Google began updating the User-Agent string of their crawler to reflect the latest Chrome version used by their rendering service.

The delay was to allow webmasters time to update their code that responded to particular bot User-Agent strings.

Google ran evaluations and felt confident the impact would be minor.

[50] To avoid undesirable content in the search indexes, webmasters can instruct spiders not to crawl certain files or directories through the standard robots.txt file in the root directory of the domain.

Additionally, a page can be explicitly excluded from a search engine's database by using a meta tag specific to robots (usually <meta name="robots" content="noindex"> ).

When a search engine visits a site, the robots.txt located in the root directory is the first file crawled.

The robots.txt file is then parsed and will instruct the robot as to which pages are not to be crawled.

As a search engine crawler may keep a cached copy of this file, it may on occasion crawl pages a webmaster does not wish crawled.

Pages typically prevented from being crawled include login specific pages such as shopping carts and user-specific content such as search results from internal searches.

In March 2007, Google warned webmasters that they should prevent indexing of internal search results because those pages are considered search spam.[51] A variety of methods can increase the prominence of a webpage within the search results.

Cross linking between pages of the same website to provide more links to important pages may improve its visibility.[52] Writing content that includes frequently searched keyword phrase, so as to be relevant to a wide variety of search queries will tend to increase traffic.[52] Updating content so as to keep search engines crawling back frequently can give additional weight to a site.

Adding relevant keywords to a web page's metadata, including the title tag and meta description, will tend to improve the relevancy of a site's search listings, thus increasing traffic.

URL canonicalization of web pages accessible via multiple URLs, using the canonical link element[53] or via 301 redirects can help make sure links to different versions of the URL all count towards the page's link popularity score.

SEO techniques can be classified into two broad categories: techniques that search engine companies recommend as part of good design ("white hat"), and those techniques of which search engines do not approve ("black hat").

The search engines attempt to minimize the effect of the latter, among them spamdexing.

Industry commentators have classified these methods, and the practitioners who employ them, as either white hat SEO, or black hat SEO.[54] White hats tend to produce results that last a long time, whereas black hats anticipate that their sites may eventually be banned either temporarily or permanently once the search engines discover what they are doing.[55] An SEO technique is considered white hat if it conforms to the search engines' guidelines and involves no deception.

As the search engine guidelines[18][19][56] are not written as a series of rules or commandments, this is an important distinction to note.

White hat SEO is not just about following guidelines but is about ensuring that the content a search engine indexes and subsequently ranks is the same content a user will see.

White hat advice is generally summed up as creating content for users, not for search engines, and then making that content easily accessible to the online "spider" algorithms, rather than attempting to trick the algorithm from its intended purpose.

White hat SEO is in many ways similar to web development that promotes accessibility,[57] although the two are not identical.

Black hat SEO attempts to improve rankings in ways that are disapproved of by the search engines, or involve deception.

One black hat technique uses hidden text, either as text colored similar to the background, in an invisible div, or positioned off screen.

Another method gives a different page depending on whether the page is being requested by a human visitor or a search engine, a technique known as cloaking.

Another category sometimes used is grey hat SEO.

This is in between black hat and white hat approaches, where the methods employed avoid the site being penalized but do not act in producing the best content for users.

Grey hat SEO is entirely focused on improving search engine rankings.

Search engines may penalize sites they discover using black or grey hat methods, either by reducing their rankings or eliminating their listings from their databases altogether.

Such penalties can be applied either automatically by the search engines' algorithms, or by a manual site review.

One example was the February 2006 Google removal of both BMW Germany and Ricoh Germany for use of deceptive practices.[58] Both companies, however, quickly apologized, fixed the offending pages, and were restored to Google's search engine results page.[59] SEO is not an appropriate strategy for every website, and other Internet marketing strategies can be more effective, such as paid advertising through pay per click (PPC) campaigns, depending on the site operator's goals.

Search engine marketing (SEM) is the practice of designing, running and optimizing search engine ad campaigns.[60] Its difference from SEO is most simply depicted as the difference between paid and unpaid priority ranking in search results.

Its purpose regards prominence more so than relevance; website developers should regard SEM with the utmost importance with consideration to visibility as most navigate to the primary listings of their search.[61] A successful Internet marketing campaign may also depend upon building high quality web pages to engage and persuade, setting up analytics programs to enable site owners to measure results, and improving a site's conversion rate.[62] In November 2015, Google released a full 160 page version of its Search Quality Rating Guidelines to the public,[63] which revealed a shift in their focus towards "usefulness" and mobile search.

In recent years the mobile market has exploded, overtaking the use of desktops, as shown in by StatCounter in October 2016 where they analyzed 2.5 million websites and found that 51.3% of the pages were loaded by a mobile device.[64] Google has been one of the companies that are utilizing the popularity of mobile usage by encouraging websites to use their Google Search Console, the Mobile-Friendly Test, which allows companies to measure up their website to the search engine results and how user-friendly it is.

SEO may generate an adequate return on investment.

However, search engines are not paid for organic search traffic, their algorithms change, and there are no guarantees of continued referrals.

Due to this lack of guarantees and certainty, a business that relies heavily on search engine traffic can suffer major losses if the search engines stop sending visitors.[65] Search engines can change their algorithms, impacting a website's placement, possibly resulting in a serious loss of traffic.

According to Google's CEO, Eric Schmidt, in 2010, Google made over 500 algorithm changes – almost 1.5 per day.[66] It is considered a wise business practice for website operators to liberate themselves from dependence on search engine traffic.[67] In addition to accessibility in terms of web crawlers (addressed above), user web accessibility has become increasingly important for SEO.

Optimization techniques are highly tuned to the dominant search engines in the target market.

The search engines' market shares vary from market to market, as does competition.

In 2003, Danny Sullivan stated that Google represented about 75% of all searches.[68] In markets outside the United States, Google's share is often larger, and Google remains the dominant search engine worldwide as of 2007.[69] As of 2006, Google had an 85–90% market share in Germany.[70] While there were hundreds of SEO firms in the US at that time, there were only about five in Germany.[70] As of June 2008, the market share of Google in the UK was close to 90% according to Hitwise.[71] That market share is achieved in a number of countries.

As of 2009, there are only a few large markets where Google is not the leading search engine.

In most cases, when Google is not leading in a given market, it is lagging behind a local player.

The most notable example markets are China, Japan, South Korea, Russia and the Czech Republic where respectively Baidu, Yahoo! Japan, Naver, Yandex and Seznam are market leaders.

Successful search optimization for international markets may require professional translation of web pages, registration of a domain name with a top level domain in the target market, and web hosting that provides a local IP address.

Otherwise, the fundamental elements of search optimization are essentially the same, regardless of language.[70] On October 17, 2002, SearchKing filed suit in the United States District Court, Western District of Oklahoma, against the search engine Google.

SearchKing's claim was that Google's tactics to prevent spamdexing constituted a tortious interference with contractual relations.

On May 27, 2003, the court granted Google's motion to dismiss the complaint because SearchKing "failed to state a claim upon which relief may be granted."[72][73] In March 2006, KinderStart filed a lawsuit against Google over search engine rankings.

KinderStart's website was removed from Google's index prior to the lawsuit, and the amount of traffic to the site dropped by 70%.

On March 16, 2007, the United States District Court for the Northern District of California (San Jose Division) dismissed KinderStart's complaint without leave to amend, and partially granted Google's motion for Rule 11 sanctions against KinderStart's attorney, requiring him to pay part of Google's legal expenses.[74][75]

Barnacle SEO

Barnacle SEO is a website search engine optimization strategy described as "attaching oneself to a large fixed object and waiting for the customers to float by in the current."[1][2] The Barnacle SEO strategy is mostly used when rank for the desired keyword is difficult, and a site can use another site's ranking to get visibility on search engines.[1][3] When the search engine results page is dominated by reputed and bigger sites, many SEO experts are using this strategy.[4]

The Princess and the Matchmaker

The Princess and the Matchmaker is a 2018 South Korean period romantic comedy film directed by Hong Chang-pyo.[2][3][4] The film stars Shim Eun-kyung, Lee Seung-gi, Kim Sang-kyung, Yeon Woo-jin, Kang Min-hyuk, Choi Woo-shik and Jo Bok-rae.[5] The film tells story of a saju[6] expert, Seo Do-yoon, who received an order from the King to help him pick a husband for his daughter, Princess Song-hwa, based on their fortune.[2][7] It is the second installment of Jupiter Film's three-part film project on the Korean fortune-telling traditions, following The Face Reader which was released in 2013 and followed by Feng Shui later in 2018.[8] Princess Songhwa of the Joseon era refuses her fate to marry one of four suitors deemed to have good marital compatibility with her.

She then escapes from the palace to find the man she truly loves.

Principal photography began on September 9, 2015, and wrapped on December 23, 2015.[9] On January 31, 2018 a promotional press conference was held with the main cast and the director at the event.[10] The main trailer for the film was unveiled on February 9, 2018.[11] The Princess and the Matchmaker was released in the local cinemas on February 28, 2018.[12] According to Korean Film Council, The Princess and the Matchmaker topped the local box office on the first day of its release and attracted 175,022 audiences.[13][14] During the first weekend since the film was released at 965 screens, The Princess and the Matchmaker drew 489,702 moviegoers accounting for 29.1 percent of the weekend's ticket sales.[15][16] The film maintained the number one spot for six consecutive days since its release and surpassed one million viewers on its seventh day.[17] During the second weekend the film was viewed by 157,084 audiences and fell to fourth place at the Korean box office.[18][19]

Song Hye-kyo

Song Hye-kyo (Korean: 송혜교; born November 22, 1981)[A] is a South Korean actress.

She gained Asia-wide popularity through her leading roles in television dramas Autumn in My Heart (2000), All In (2003), Full House (2004), That Winter, the Wind Blows (2013), Descendants of the Sun (2016), and Encounter (2018).

Her film work includes Hwang Jin Yi (2007), The Grandmaster (2013), My Brilliant Life (2014), and The Queens (2015).

In 2017, she ranked 7th in Forbes magazine's Korea Power Celebrity list,[4] and 6th in 2018.[5] The success of Song's television dramas internationally established her as a top Hallyu star.

When Song was born, she was sick and her parents and doctors thought that she would not survive.

Upon her recovery, Song's parents registered her birth on February 26, 1982 (instead of her actual birthdate, November 22, 1981).[1] Song's parents divorced when she was a young girl, and she was raised by her mother.[6] They moved from her birthplace in Daegu to the Gangnam District in Seoul, where she trained as a figure skater in elementary school but quit when she was in the eighth grade.[7] Though Song considered herself shy and introverted, she was described by her high school teacher as having a "cheerful character, she mixed well with her friends and was always in a bright mood."[8][9] Song Hye-kyo attended college at Sejong University, where she majored in Film Arts.[10] In 1996, the 14-year-old Song, then a third-year junior high school student, won first place in the SunKyung Smart Model Contest, and she made her entertainment debut as a model for the school uniform company.[11] This led to her being cast in a small role in her first television drama, First Love.

She would continue to appear in a string of various dramas and sitcoms, notably Soonpoong Clinic.[12] But it wasn't until the KBS drama Autumn in My Heart in 2000 with Song Seung-heon and Won Bin that she rose to fame in Korea and throughout Asia.[13] The romantic melodrama series was a ratings success, pioneering a trend in Korean melodramatic series and launching a fever that is commonly referred to as the "Korean Wave" and leading to Song becoming a Hallyu star.[14] In 2003, her popularity continued to climb when she played a leading role alongside Lee Byung-hun in the gambling drama All In,[15] which drew solid viewership ratings nationwide throughout its run with a peak viewer rating of 47.7 percent.[16] The following year, she co-starred with singer Rain in the hit romantic comedy series Full House.[17] The drama achieved pan-Asia success and established Song as one of the most well-known Korean actresses in Asia.[18][14][19] Early 2005, Song went to San Francisco to study English and later traveled to Seattle.

Song took time off to recharge herself after the successful Asia drama Full House.

"I have had a good rest.

It was a good opportunity to reflect on myself," said Song.

Song returned to Korea on March 5, 2005.[20] The same year, Song made her big-screen debut in My Girl and I (a Korean remake of Crying Out Love in the Center of the World), which was panned by audiences and critics alike.

Vocal about her dissatisfaction with typecasting in the roles she was being offered,[21] Song proved in the following year that she took on different roles.

She returned to the big-screen in 2007, as the titular gisaeng in the film adaptation of Hwang Jin Yi.[22][23] Because they found Song's image "too cute," Jun Ji-hyun and Soo Ae were the producers' original choices for the role, but Song went on a rigorous diet and surprised them with her will and desire to be Hwang Jini.[24] A year later, she made her American debut in the Hollywood indie Make Yourself at Home (formerly titled Fetish), a psychological thriller about a girl who was born to a shaman mother and tries to flee her fate by becoming an immigrant bride in the U.S.[25][26] Despite Song's attempts to challenge herself, both films underwhelmed at the box office.[27][28] She made her TV comeback in late 2008 with The World That They Live In (also known as Worlds Within), a series set at a broadcast station in which Song and Hyun Bin played drama PDs who work together and fall in love.[29][30] In 2010, she starred in Camellia, an omnibus film made up of three short films directed by three Asian directors.

Each episode is set in the past, present, and future of the city of Busan.

In the film's final segment Love for Sale, Song and Kang Dong-won played former lovers who forget their memories about each other which later leads them to a fatal destiny.[31] Considered one of Korea's most beautiful women,[32][33] in early 2011 Song released the photobook Song Hye-kyo's Moment which was shot by top photographers in Atlanta, New York City, Buenos Aires, Patagonia, Paris, the Netherlands and Brazil.

Proceeds from the sales of the photo book was donated to a children's foundation.[34][35][36] Song then played a documentary filmmaker who finds the strength to forgive the 17-year-old boy who killed her fiancé but instead of redemption finds only greater tragedy in A Reason to Live (Korean title: Today), which after several delays was released in October 2011.[37] Song was a huge fan of director Lee Jeong-hyang and had actively sought her out,[38] and though she had difficulty getting into character,[39] Song said she fell in love with the script[40][41] and felt her acting had matured.[42] She considers the film "a turning point" in her life.[43][44][45][46] In 2011, she became the first Asian actress to sign a contract with French global agency Effigies, paving the way for her possible entry into the European market.

She released a photo-essay book in 2012 titled It's Time for Hye-kyo.[47] Song then played a supporting role in The Grandmaster, Chinese director Wong Kar-wai's biographical film about Bruce Lee's kung fu master Ip Man, for which she learned Cantonese and martial arts.[48][49][50] She later admitted there had been "a bit of friction and misunderstanding" with Wong while filming, but that the difficulties helped her mature.[51] Song reunited with the writer and director of Worlds Within in That Winter, the Wind Blows, a 2013 remake of 2002 Japanese drama Ai Nante Irane Yo, Natsu ("I Don't Need Love, Summer").

She played a blind heiress in the melodrama, opposite a con man pretending to be her long-lost brother (played by Jo In-sung).

That Winter, the Wind Blows placed number one in its timeslot during most of its run, and Song and Jo were praised for their performances.[52][53][54][55] Song won the Daesang (or "Grand Prize"), the highest award for television, at the 2nd APAN Star Awards.[56] In 2014, Song reunited with Kang Dong-won in My Brilliant Life, E J-yong's film adaptation of Kim Aeran's bestselling novel My Palpitating Life about a couple who watched their son suffering from progeria grow prematurely old.[57][58][59][60][61] Romantic epic The Crossing was Song's second Chinese film to be released and was directed by John Woo (Woo's longtime friend and producer Terence Chang has been managing Song's overseas activities since 2008).

Previously titled 1949 and Love and Let Love, the long-gestating project had originally been announced at the Cannes Film Festival in 2008,[62][63][64] then cancelled in 2009,[65] and revived again in 2011.[66][67] Woo's recovery from tonsil tumor removal in 2012 led to another delay due to scheduling conflicts among the cast,[68][69] and Song finally began filming in June 2013.[70] The Crossing is based on the true story of the Taiping steamer collision and follows six characters and their intertwining love stories in Taiwan and Shanghai during the 1930s; Song played the daughter of a wealthy banker.[71][72][73] Another Chinese film followed in 2015, The Queens, a contemporary romantic comedy about three cosmopolitan women – an actress, a PR specialist and a gallery manager – who manipulate friends and put down their enemies as they play the game of love.

Also starring Joe Chen and Vivian Wu, it was actress Annie Yi's directorial debut.[74][75] In 2016, Song starred in the mega-hit romantic comedy series Descendants of the Sun, an intense drama about an army captain (played by Song Joong-ki) and a surgeon who fall in love while working amidst disaster-torn areas.[76][77] The drama was incredibly popular in Korea with a peak viewership rating of 41.6% and in Asia, where it was viewed 2.5 billion times on iQiyi.[78][79] The popularity of the drama reestablished Song as a leader of the Hallyu,[14][80] and she topped popularity polls in Asia[81] and was noted for her immense brand recognition in South Korea.[82] Song won Daesang (Grand Prize), the highest award at the 2016 KBS Drama Awards along with her co-star, Song Joong-ki.[83] After a two-year hiatus, she returned in the small screen with romantic-melodrama Encounter alongside Park Bo-gum.[84][85][86][87] On July 5, 2017, Song and Descendants of the Sun co-star Song Joong-ki announced through their respective agencies that they were engaged.[88][89][90] They married in a private ceremony on October 31, 2017 at Youngbingwan, Hotel Shilla in Seoul, amid intense media interest across Asia.[91] It was attended by the couple's closest family and friends,[92] including actors Lee Kwang-soo, Yoo Ah-in, and Park Bo-gum who also played the piano at the wedding reception.[93][94] On June 27, 2019, Song Joong-ki revealed that he had filed for divorce with Song Hye-kyo the previous day.[95][96] The divorce was finalised in July 2019.[97] On July 25, 2019, Song filed a complaint against 15 online netizens for “spread of false information, defamation of character and insult.”[98] While the reason for the divorce was cited by the talent agency as personal differences, rumors surrounding the scandal included claims that Song had entered into a sham marriage for the sake of enhancing her celebrity image.

This allegation gained some credence as it was reported that the actress rarely or never attended her husband's family's events[99] and the couple had purchased a $12 million home in Seoul which was never occupied.[100] One of the netizens has been charged with defamation of character for writing a blog post this past June alleging that the reason for Song Hye Kyo and Song Joong Ki's divorce was the actress’ secret “sponsor” in China.[101] In August 2014, following inadvertent exposure by a politician overseeing the administration of the National Tax Service of South Korea,[102] Song made a public apology for committing tax evasion when she claimed undocumented expenses.

With her omitted income tax from 2009 to 2011 totaling ₩2.56 billion, she argued that her accountant had mishandled her paper work without her knowledge.

After receiving notification from the NTS in October 2012, Song paid the tax balance due plus understatement of income tax penalties in the aggregate of ₩3.8 billion (US$3.7 million).[103][104][105][106][107] Song was again billed another ₩700 million in April 2014 against her 2008 tax filing, a result of the legally required five-year audit neglected since the 2012 notification.

On August 18 of that year, Park Beom-gye, a New Politics Alliance for Democracy member, subsequently led the aforementioned governmental inquiries of the NTS, making kompromat of a delinquent taxpayer receiving preferential treatment with reference to an "Actress 'S,'" whom the local newspaper DongA Ilbo the very next day revealed to be Song Hye-kyo.[103] Song actively participates in voluntary work, especially with animals.[108] She participates in activities related by KARA regularly.

Song is also known for her frequent and large social donations.[109][110][111] A representative from Song's agency said, "Because Song has travelled extensively for work, she has become aware of how important it is for tourists to be able to read information in their own language.”[112] Song, in collaboration with professor Seo Kyung-duk of Sungshin Women's University, decided to donate brochures or information in Korean to various historic Korean sites, art galleries, and museums in the world.

Professor Seo praised Song who is supporting her country quietly.[113]

Search engine marketing

Search engine marketing (SEM) is a form of Internet marketing that involves the promotion of websites by increasing their visibility in search engine results pages (SERPs) primarily through paid advertising.[1] SEM may incorporate search engine optimization (SEO), which adjusts or rewrites website content and site architecture to achieve a higher ranking in search engine results pages to enhance pay per click (PPC) listings.[2] In 2007, U.S.

advertisers spent US $24.6 billion on Search engine marketing.[3] In Q2 2015, Google (73.7%) and the Yahoo/Bing (26.3%) partnership accounted for almost 100% of U.S.

search engine spend.[4] As of 2006, SEM was growing much faster than traditional advertising and even other channels of online marketing.[5] Managing search campaigns is either done directly with the SEM vendor or through an SEM tool provider.

It may also be self-serve or through an advertising agency.

As of October 2016, Google leads the global search engine market with a market share of 89.3%.

Bing comes second with a market share of 4.36%, Yahoo comes third with a market share of 3.3%, and Chinese search engine Baidu is fourth globally with a share of about 0.68%.[6] As the number of sites on the Web increased in the mid-to-late 1990s, search engines started appearing to help people find information quickly.

Search engines developed business models to finance their services, such as pay per click programs offered by Open Text[7] in 1996 and then Goto.com[8] in 1998.

Goto.com later changed its name[9] to Overture in 2001, was purchased by Yahoo! in 2003, and now offers paid search opportunities for advertisers through Yahoo! Search Marketing.

Google also began to offer advertisements on search results pages in 2000 through the Google AdWords program.

By 2007, pay-per-click programs proved to be primary moneymakers[10] for search engines.

In a market dominated by Google, in 2009 Yahoo! and Microsoft announced the intention to forge an alliance.

The Yahoo! & Microsoft Search Alliance eventually received approval from regulators in the US and Europe in February 2010.[11] Search engine optimization consultants expanded their offerings to help businesses learn about and use the advertising opportunities offered by search engines, and new agencies focusing primarily upon marketing and advertising through search engines emerged.

The term "Search engine marketing" was popularized by Danny Sullivan in 2001[12] to cover the spectrum of activities involved in performing SEO, managing paid listings at the search engines, submitting sites to directories, and developing online marketing strategies for businesses, organizations, and individuals.

Search engine marketing uses at least five methods and metrics to optimize websites.[citation needed] Search engine marketing is a way to create and edit a website so that search engines rank it higher than other pages.

It should be also focused on keyword marketing or pay-per-click advertising (PPC).

The technology enables advertisers to bid on specific keywords or phrases and ensures ads appear with the results of search engines.

With the development of this system, the price is growing under a high level of competition.

Many advertisers prefer to expand their activities, including increasing search engines and adding more keywords.

The more advertisers are willing to pay for clicks, the higher the ranking for advertising, which leads to higher traffic.[15] PPC comes at a cost.

The higher position is likely to cost $5 for a given keyword, and $4.50 for a third location.

A third advertiser earns 10% less than the top advertiser while reducing traffic by 50%.[15] Investors must consider their return on investment when engaging in PPC campaigns.

Buying traffic via PPC will deliver a positive ROI when the total cost-per-click for a single conversion remains below the profit margin.

That way the amount of money spent to generate revenue is below the actual revenue generated.[16] A positive ROI is the outcome.

There are many reasons explaining why advertisers choose the SEM strategy.

First, creating a SEM account is easy and can build traffic quickly based on the degree of competition.

The shopper who uses the search engine to find information tends to trust and focus on the links showed in the results pages.

However, a large number of online sellers do not buy search engine optimization to obtain higher ranking lists of search results but prefer paid links.

A growing number of online publishers are allowing search engines such as Google to crawl content on their pages and place relevant ads on it.[17] From an online seller's point of view, this is an extension of the payment settlement and an additional incentive to invest in paid advertising projects.

Therefore, it is virtually impossible for advertisers with limited budgets to maintain the highest rankings in the increasingly competitive search market.

Google's Search engine marketing is one of the western world's marketing leaders, while its Search engine marketing is its biggest source of profit.[18] Google's search engine providers are clearly ahead of the Yahoo and Bing network.

The display of unknown search results is free, while advertisers are willing to pay for each click of the ad in the sponsored search results.

Paid inclusion involves a search engine company charging fees for the inclusion of a website in their results pages.

Also known as sponsored listings, paid inclusion products are provided by most search engine companies either in the main results area or as a separately identified advertising area.

The fee structure is both a filter against superfluous submissions and a revenue generator.

Typically, the fee covers an annual subscription for one webpage, which will automatically be catalogued on a regular basis.

However, some companies are experimenting with non-subscription based fee structures where purchased listings are displayed permanently.

A per-click fee may also apply.

Each search engine is different.

Some sites allow only paid inclusion, although these have had little success.

More frequently, many search engines, like Yahoo!,[19] mix paid inclusion (per-page and per-click fee) with results from web crawling.

Others, like Google (and as of 2006, Ask.com[20][21]), do not let webmasters pay to be in their search engine listing (advertisements are shown separately and labeled as such).

Some detractors of paid inclusion allege that it causes searches to return results based more on the economic standing of the interests of a web site, and less on the relevancy of that site to end-users.

Often the line between pay per click advertising and paid inclusion is debatable.

Some have lobbied for any paid listings to be labeled as an advertisement, while defenders insist they are not actually ads since the webmasters do not control the content of the listing, its ranking, or even whether it is shown to any users.

Another advantage of paid inclusion is that it allows site owners to specify particular schedules for crawling pages.

In the general case, one has no control as to when their page will be crawled or added to a search engine index.

Paid inclusion proves to be particularly useful for cases where pages are dynamically generated and frequently modified.

Paid inclusion is a Search engine marketing method in itself, but also a tool of search engine optimization since experts and firms can test out different approaches to improving ranking and see the results often within a couple of days, instead of waiting weeks or months.

Knowledge gained this way can be used to optimize other web pages, without paying the search engine company.

SEM is the wider discipline that incorporates SEO.

SEM includes both paid search results (using tools like Google Adwords or Bing Ads, formerly known as Microsoft adCenter) and organic search results (SEO).

SEM uses paid advertising with AdWords or Bing Ads, pay per click (particularly beneficial for local providers as it enables potential consumers to contact a company directly with one click), article submissions, advertising and making sure SEO has been done.

A keyword analysis is performed for both SEO and SEM, but not necessarily at the same time.

SEM and SEO both need to be monitored and updated frequently to reflect evolving best practices.

In some contexts, the term SEM is used exclusively to mean pay per click advertising,[2] particularly in the commercial advertising and marketing communities which have a vested interest in this narrow definition.

Such usage excludes the wider search marketing community that is engaged in other forms of SEM such as search engine optimization and search retargeting.

Creating the link between SEO and PPC represents an integral part of the SEM concept.

Sometimes, especially when separate teams work on SEO and PPC and the efforts are not synced, positive results of aligning their strategies can be lost.

The aim of both SEO and PPC is maximizing the visibility in search and thus, their actions to achieve it should be centrally coordinated.

Both teams can benefit from setting shared goals and combined metrics, evaluating data together to determine future strategy or discuss which of the tools works better to get the traffic for selected keywords in the national and local search results.

Thanks to this, the search visibility can be increased along with optimizing both conversions and costs.[22] Another part of SEM is social media marketing (SMM).

SMM is a type of marketing that involves exploiting social media to influence consumers that one company’s products and/or services are valuable.[23] Some of the latest theoretical advances include Search engine marketing management (SEMM).

SEMM relates to activities including SEO but focuses on return on investment (ROI) management instead of relevant traffic building (as is the case of mainstream SEO).

SEMM also integrates organic SEO, trying to achieve top ranking without using paid means to achieve it, and pay per click SEO.

For example, some of the attention is placed on the web page layout design and how content and information is displayed to the website visitor.

SEO & SEM are two pillars of one marketing job and they both run side by side to produce much better results than focusing on only one pillar.

Paid search advertising has not been without controversy and the issue of how search engines present advertising on their search result pages has been the target of a series of studies and reports[24][25][26] by Consumer Reports WebWatch.

The Federal Trade Commission (FTC) also issued a letter[27] in 2002 about the importance of disclosure of paid advertising on search engines, in response to a complaint from Commercial Alert, a consumer advocacy group with ties to Ralph Nader.

Another ethical controversy associated with search marketing has been the issue of trademark infringement.

The debate as to whether third parties should have the right to bid on their competitors' brand names has been underway for years.

In 2009 Google changed their policy, which formerly prohibited these tactics, allowing 3rd parties to bid on branded terms as long as their landing page in fact provides information on the trademarked term.[28] Though the policy has been changed this continues to be a source of heated debate.[29] On April 24, 2012, many started to see that Google has started to penalize companies that are buying links for the purpose of passing off the rank.

The Google Update was called Penguin.

Since then, there have been several different Penguin/Panda updates rolled out by Google.

SEM has, however, nothing to do with link buying and focuses on organic SEO and PPC management.

As of October 20, 2014, Google had released three official revisions of their Penguin Update.

In 2013, the Tenth Circuit Court of Appeals held in Lens.com, Inc.

v.

1-800 Contacts, Inc.

that online contact lens seller Lens.com did not commit trademark infringement when it purchased search advertisements using competitor 1-800 Contacts' federally registered 1800 CONTACTS trademark as a keyword.

In August 2016, the Federal Trade Commission filed an administrative complaint against 1-800 Contacts alleging, among other things, that its trademark enforcement practices in the Search engine marketing space have unreasonably restrained competition in violation of the FTC Act.

1-800 Contacts has denied all wrongdoing and appeared before an FTC administrative law judge in April 2017.[30] AdWords is recognized as a web-based advertising utensil since it adopts keywords that can deliver adverts explicitly to web users looking for information in respect to a certain product or service.

It is flexible and provides customizable options like Ad Extensions, access to non-search sites, leveraging the display network to help increase brand awareness.

The project hinges on cost per click (CPC) pricing where the maximum cost per day for the campaign can be chosen, thus the payment of the service only applies if the advert has been clicked.

SEM companies have embarked on AdWords projects as a way to publicize their SEM and SEO services.

One of the most successful approaches to the strategy of this project was to focus on making sure that PPC advertising funds were prudently invested.

Moreover, SEM companies have described AdWords as a practical tool for increasing a consumer’s investment earnings on Internet advertising.

The use of conversion tracking and Google Analytics tools was deemed to be practical for presenting to clients the performance of their canvas from click to conversion.

AdWords project has enabled SEM companies to train their clients on the utensil and delivers better performance to the canvass.

The assistance of AdWord canvass could contribute to the growth of web traffic for a number of its consumer’s websites, by as much as 250% in only nine months.[31] Another way Search engine marketing is managed is by contextual advertising.

Here marketers place ads on other sites or portals that carry information relevant to their products so that the ads jump into the circle of vision of browsers who are seeking information from those sites.

A successful SEM plan is the approach to capture the relationships amongst information searchers, businesses, and search engines.

Search engines were not important to some industries in the past, but over the past years the use of search engines for accessing information has become vital to increase business opportunities.[32] The use of SEM strategic tools for businesses such as tourism can attract potential consumers to view their products, but it could also pose various challenges.[33] These challenges could be the competition that companies face amongst their industry and other sources of information that could draw the attention of online consumers.[32] To assist the combat of challenges, the main objective for businesses applying SEM is to improve and maintain their ranking as high as possible on SERPs so that they can gain visibility.

Therefore, search engines are adjusting and developing algorithms and the shifting criteria by which web pages are ranked sequentially to combat against search engine misuse and spamming, and to supply the most relevant information to searchers.[32] This could enhance the relationship amongst information searchers, businesses, and search engines by understanding the strategies of marketing to attract business.

ReachLocal

ReachLocal, Inc.

(ReachLocal) is an online marketing and advertising provider for small, medium, and large businesses, advertising to consumers in local markets.

It provides Internet and mobile Internet marketing to business clients in the United States, Europe, Asia and Australia.[3][4] As of Q1 17, it is now a division of Gannett.[1] ReachLocal was founded in 2003 by Zorik Gordon, Nathan Hanks, Michael Kline, Robert Wright, John Mazur, and Robert "Rick" Spitz,[4] with headquarters in Woodland Hills, California and operations in four global regions.

ReachLocal has over 1,300 employees across 68 offices[5] located in the United States, Australia, Brazil, Canada, Mexico, Germany, the Netherlands, New Zealand, Singapore, Austria, India, Belgium, and Japan.[6] As of February 2016, the company has more than 17,000 active clients.[7] ReachLocal operated in the United Kingdom until December 2015 when they entered Administration.

Fat Media purchased the UK assets, customer contracts and goodwill from ReachLocal UK Ltd.[8] ReachLocal's first product was a search engine advertising service[9] called ReachSearch.

This technology places businesses’ advertisements on multiple search engines, including Google, Yahoo! and Bing.[10] ReachLocal has since introduced a range of digital marketing products, including ReachEdge, its award-winning lead conversion software.[11] In 2010, ReachLocal launched its initial public offering (IPO).[12] Before the company's IPO, ReachLocal was venture-backed by VantagePoint Venture Partners, Rho Ventures and Galleon Special Opportunities Partners Fund LP.[13] In April 2014, ReachLocal appointed B2B and information services veteran leader Sharon Rowlands as Chief Executive Officer and member of its board of directors, replacing interim CEO David Carlick.[14] In June 2016, the company was acquired by Gannett Co.

for about $156 million.[15] In January 2019, Gannett named Kevin Gentzel, who became the media company's first chief revenue officer in 2015, as president of USA TODAY Network Marketing Solutions[16] when Sharon Rowlands was appointed the CEO of Web.com.[17] In addition to search engine marketing, ReachLocal provides other online marketing for their clients.

In 2005, the company launched ReachSearch, a search engine advertising product designed to attract more leads from consumers.

The product achieves this by placing text advertisements on leading search engines and directories.[18] In 2009, ReachLocal introduced ReachDisplay, an online display advertising service that places banner advertisements on premium websites.

The following year, the company built ReachCast, a web marketing service, and launched a site retargeting product called ReachRemarketing in 2011.[19] ReachRetargeting was launched in 2012 and combined the site retargeting technology of ReachRemarketing with a new feature set that also included search retargeting.

This was followed by the launch of award-winning website and lead management system ReachEdge in 2013.

Within six months, ReachEdge had launched over 1000 client websites.[20] In 2014, ReachLocal introduced a search engine optimization service, ReachSEO.[9] In 2015, ReachLocal launched ReachListings, for local listings management.[21] In 2016, ReachLocal launched ReachSocial Ads,[22] a Facebook advertising solution, and enhanced their SEO solution, ReachSEO.[23] ReachLocal has developed a proprietary technology platform to serve their customers.[4][24] The company has also developed various technologies to assist their clients in publishing their campaigns and tracking, optimizing and reporting results for a variety of their services.[25] In September 2012, the company released the first ReachLocal mobile application, which provides real-time lead notifications and reports to their clients,[26] followed by the ReachEdge app in 2013.

Both applications are available for Apple iOS and Android.[27][28] ReachEdge, the company's marketing automation platform released in 2013, provides clients with a list of leads, sources, actions needed, performance and reports.

The platform consists of a website, lead management software and the aforementioned mobile application.[28] In February 2014, ReachLocal released LigerMobile, an open source framework that assists in the development of hybrid apps.[28][29]

Crash Landing on You

Crash Landing on You[3] (Korean: 사랑의 불시착; RR: Sarangui Bulsichak; MR: Sarangŭi pulshich'ak; lit.

Love's Emergency Landing) is a South Korean drama directed by Lee Jeong-hyo and featuring Hyun Bin, Son Ye-jin, Kim Jung-hyun, and Seo Ji-hye.

It is about a South Korean woman who accidentally crash-lands in North Korea.

It aired on tvN in South Korea and on Netflix worldwide from December 14, 2019, to February 16, 2020.

It is the highest rated tvN drama and the third-highest-rated Korean drama in cable television history.

Crash Landing on You tells the story of two star crossed lovers, Yoon Se-ri (Son Ye-jin), a South Korean Chaebol heiress, and Ri Jeong-hyeok (Hyun Bin), a member of the North Korean elite and a Captain in the North Korean Special Police Force.

One day while Yoon Se-ri goes for a short paragliding ride in Seoul, South Korea, a sudden tornado knocks her out and blows her off course.

She awakens to find her paraglider had crashed into a tree in a forest in the DMZ in North Korea (an area forbidden for South Koreans).

She then meets Ri Jeong-hyeok and falls into his arms when descending from the tree.

Ri Jeong-hyeok eventually gives Yoon Se-ri shelter, and develops plans to secretly help her return to South Korea.

Over time, they fall in love, despite the divide and dispute between their respective countries.

Her family suppresses the news of her disappearance out of fear that it will depress the stock price of the family-controlled chaebol.

In particular, Se-ri's two brothers, Se-jung and Se-hyung who are rivals, both claiming to be the rightful heir to their father's company.

Just before Se-ri's disappearance, their father had announced that he planned to anoint her as heir because his sons are incompetent.

Her brothers are supported by their equally ambitious wives, Do Hye-Ji (Hwang Woo-seul-hye) and Ko Sang-a (Yoon Ji-min).

Se-ri's and Jeong-hyeok's story is intertwined with that of Seo Dan (Seo Ji-hye) and Gu Seung-jun (Kim Jung-hyun).

Dan is the beautiful daughter of a wealthy North Korean department store owner.

She has been studying cello in Russia for several years but returns so that she can marry Jeong-hyeok, to whom she is engaged through an arranged marriage (and whom she has only met a few times).

As she returns to Pyongyang, she crosses paths, not for the first time, with Gu Seung-jun.

Gu Seung-jun, who had previously been engaged to Se-ri, fled to North Korea (under the protection of corrupt North Korean officers) in order to escape from the pursuit of Se-ri’s brother Se-hyung, under whose incompetent watch he had embezzled large amounts of money.

Although their initial encounters are unpleasant, they eventually fall in love.

The story follows Jeong-hyeok and Se-ri as they try to get her home.

They are impeded by Cho Cheol-gang (Oh Man-seok), an evil State Security officer, who a number of years ago had arranged for the murder of Jeong-hyeok's older brother, an officer who tried to expose him.

The story eventually shifts to Seoul where both comedy and drama ensue for all four main characters, Se-ri’s family, and the arch-villain Cho Cheol-gang.

The premise of Crash Landing on You was inspired by a real event involving South Korean actress, Jung Yang.[2][10] In September 2008, Yang and three others had to be rescued after bad fog had caused their leisure boat to drift "into the maritime boundary between North and South Korea."[11] Park Ji-eun, the drama's screenwriter, was introduced to North Korean defector turned film adviser and writer Kwak Moon-wan, who became part of the drama's writing team.[12][13] Kwak, who studied film directing in Pyongyang and had also been a member of an elite security force protecting the Kims, helped in crafting the drama's plot and in conceptualizing the setting and scenes in the drama portraying North Korean life.[12][13] The production process proved to be "painstakingly meticulous", owing to South Korea's relationship with North Korea where most of the story's plot ensues.[14] The use of the honorific Chairman to refer to North Korea's leaders was avoided, and the North Korean lapel pins used by the cast members taking North Korean roles were one third smaller than their actual size.[15] Props manager Joo Dong-man said the crew did not have a "guidebook on multiple hurdles he had to hop over — skillfully and delicately – to accurately depict the country while dodging criticism" and, thus, had to be careful "not to misrepresent the state".

They worked with guidance from North Koreans living in South Korea and research.[14][2] The first script reading took place on July 31, 2019 in Sangam-dong, Seoul, and filming overseas started at the end of August 2019.[16] North Korean scenes were shot in South Korea and Mongolia.[2] Scenes that took place in Switzerland were shot on location.[2] On Rotten Tomatoes, Crash Landing on You has two (out of two) positive reviews.[17] Variety Magazine named it one of "The Best International Shows on Netflix."[18] Jo Walker of The Guardian's "Stream Team" called it "addictively off-the-wall, heartbreaking and hilarious."[19] Time ranks Crash Landing on You as one of the best Korean dramas to watch on Netflix.[20] Aljazeera has also cited the drama as one of the most recent hallyu’s success.[21] Early in its run, Crash Landing on You was the fourth highest rated Korean cable drama.[22] The final episode's ratings made it the third highest rated Korean drama in cable television history, surpassing fellow tvN dramas Reply 1988 and Guardian: The Lonely and Great God.[23] Crash Landing on You emerged as one of the top shows on Netflix (who owns the distribution rights outside South Korea) and continued to enjoy widespread popularity even after the show has ended.[24] It became a hit in South Korea.

With 1.75 billion online views, Crash Landing on You outperformed the prior leader, Mr.

Sunshine, for most viewed drama clips by 200 million views as of February 17th, 2020.

[25] It was also a hit in Singapore,Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, and Thailand.

A-list celebrities from these countries posted pictures on their social media platforms stating that they are currently binge-watching the drama.

Some even photoshopped themselves on photos with lead stars Hyun Bin and Son Ye-jin.

[26] The drama was also an immense success in China.

The hashtag for the drama’s final episode has received over 460 million views on China’s Twitter-like—Weibo.

The streaming website for the South Korean drama, which holds the copyright in China with Chinese subtitles, crashed on the night it aired the final episode due to the enormous number of users.[27] The drama also became a big hit in Japan reaching number 1 on Netflix.It became viral on the internet with many Japanese celebrities stated that they binge watched the show.

[28] According to Yahoo Japan,the drama attracts a wide range of people.

One of The North Korean scenes where there was a blackout also gives a nostalgic feeling to Japanese people in their 50’s because they were familiar with the power shortage when they were young.

Also, the success of the drama helps revive the hallyu wave in Japan that has been declining for years.

[29] Although the series' depiction of North Korea is fictional, it has received praise "for its portrayal of everyday life in the North, even down to accents and words."[30][31] It also received positive reviews from North Korean defectors.[15][12] A North Korean defector, who had served with the Supreme Guard Command (which protects the ruling Kim family) worked as an adviser for the series, providing the writers with details about life in North Korea as well as North Korean governmental agencies that added credibility to the show.[32] One of the extras (who portrayed a North Korean villager) is a writer and actress from North Korea who states that she felt "like [she] was actually back in a North Korean village."[30] Yun Suk-jin, a professor at Chungnam National University, also notes that the series "changed the stereotypes on North Korea and candidly showed that it too is a place where people live."[30] Sarah A.

Son, Lecturer in Korean Studies at the University of Sheffield also agrees, noting that Crash Landing on You responds to the "socio-cultural divide" between the North and the South, which academic scholarship cites as one of the biggest obstacles to future unification.

Son argues that "through the re-framing of stereotypes, albeit with some creative licence, Crash Landing on You arguably humanises the North for its audience in ways that inter-Korean dialogue has not in recent years.

Despite its soft-focus romanticisation of the political situation, Crash Landing on You brings the pain of the division to a personal level for a generation of Koreans who, unlike their grandparents, have no memory of what it was like to be a single nation."[13] Joanna Elfving-Hwang, associate professor of Korean studies at the University of Western Australia concurs, stating that “North Korea tends to appear in our imagination as the ‘axis of evil’, we think of [negative things like] nuclear weapons and human rights abuses…this drama has dared to think about North Korean people differently and represented them as quite human and quite Korean.”[33] Steve Hung Lok-wai, a Korean affairs expert from Chinese University of Hong Kong states that the drama sidestepped larger political issues through a narrative that did not end with the defection of either character.

Thus, he argues, it's "quite smart because they avoided all the real taboos but made it believable enough where it would make people think about these political problems."[33] John Delury, a professor at Yonsei University, praised the series for its decision to draw parallels between powerful families in both the South and the North, and to humanize North Koreans beyond generic stereotypes.[34] There were also critical responses to the themes of the drama in both regions.

In January 2020, The Christian Liberal Party (CLP) filed a complaint in South Korea against tvN at the Seoul Metropolitan Police Agency, accusing the network of glamorizing North Korea through this series, in violation of the National Security Law.[35][36][37] Then, in March 2020, a few North Korean media outlets criticized unnamed South Korean programs and films that explored relations between North and South Korea.

While Crash Landing on You was not directly mentioned by the media outlets, it was perceived to be among the referenced works.

Another is the 2019 film, Ashfall, although that film was also not directly cited in the articles.[38][39] The success of the drama helped to boost brand items due to product placement.

The lead characters portrayed by Hyun Bin and Son Ye-jin ate Gold Olive Chicken, a product which had a 100% sales improvement due to the show.[2][40] There was also an increase in sales of the Swarovski earrings worn by Son Ye-jin.[41] The following is the official track list of Crash Landing on You: Original Soundtrack.[42][43][44] The tracks with no indicated lyricists and composers are the drama's musical score; the artists indicated for these tracks are the tracks' composers themselves.

In this table, the blue numbers represent the lowest ratings and the red numbers represent the highest ratings.

Stephan Spencer

Stephan Spencer is a three-time author under the O'Reilly Media brand, search engine optimization (SEO) expert, inventor, podcaster, speaker, and founder of Netconcepts.

Spencer holds an M.S.

in Biochemistry from the University of Wisconsin-Madison.

In his PhD study, he worked in the Institute for Molecular Virology and Department of Biochemistry where he developed improved visual representations of biological viruses.[1][2] Spencer served as research assistant on a project researching ways to improve communication about virology on the world wide web.[3][4] He presented a paper on this topic at the Second International Worldwide Web Conference, where he met some of the team from Netscape and got interested in web development.

In 1994, while still in graduate school, Spencer developed his first website.[5] Spencer left his PhD study to pursue a career in Internet marketing.[6] Spencer founded WritersNet in 1994 while a graduate student.

WritersNet was acquired by CrowdGather in June 2011.[7][8] In January 2008, a lawsuit was filed against Spencer as the founder of WritersNet by literary agent Barbara Bauer, who simultaneously filed suit against the Wikimedia Foundation, the Science Fiction and Fantasy Writers of America Inc, and over a dozen other parties on the legal claims of defamation, conspiracy, and tortious interference.

Wikimedia Foundation was removed from the suit in May 2008,[9] and the suit itself was dismissed in November 2010.[10][11] Spencer also founded InnSite while a grad student in 1994.[12] InnSite was an early implementer of real-time updatable user-generated content, and was featured in the book Special Edition: Using CGI published by Que in 1996.[13] InnSite was named "Best Inn Directory of 1998" by Yahoo! Internet Life magazine.[14] InnSite was acquired by an undisclosed party in 2010.[15] In 1995, Spencer founded web design agency Netconcepts on a bootstrap budget in Madison, Wisconsin.[16][17] The agency provided Internet consulting,[18] an ecommerce platform called GravityMarket and an email marketing platform GravityMail with automated spam scoring.[19] However, over time it grew to specialize in search engine optimization.[20][21] In 2000, Spencer moved to New Zealand to set up a second Netconcepts branch in Auckland.

He acted as managing director from a smaller office in Christchurch while the Wisconsin office continued to operate as headquarters.

The company used an internal intranet to collaborate between offices.[22] Netconcepts grew to over 40 employees between the two offices, with yearly revenue of over $5 million, making it one of the largest SEO firms in New Zealand.

However, clients were typically US-based, and included corporations such as Verizon, Home Shopping Network, and REI.

The firm received recognition for its flexible hours and employee-centric working environment, including from the New Zealand Government.[23][24][25][26] His operation in New Zealand had notably high staff retention rates.[27] Spencer moved from New Zealand back to the US in 2007.[28] Netconcepts was acquired by Covario in 2010.[29] Spencer worked as Vice President of SEO Strategies at Covario in 2010 for less than a year after the acquisition was finalized.[30] Spencer is the inventor of the pay-for-performance SEO technology platform GravityStream,[31] was included in the acquisition of Covario and now part of Rio SEO's toolset.[32][33] Spencer now works as an SEO and internet marketing consultant and has worked with clients such as Zappos, Chanel, and Sony.[34] Spencer is on the advisory board to CrowdGather,[35] and board member to Impact Network, a charity that builds and operates schools in Zambia.[36] In 2008, Spencer worked with Jimmy Carter's humanitarian organization, The Carter Center, to set up a successful blog.[37] In 2009, Spencer co-authored The Art of SEO, with Rand Fishkin, Eric Enge, and Jessie Stricchiola.[38] Published by O'Reilly, the book was named Search Engine Land's Best SEO Book of 2009.[39] Spencer and his co-authors came out with the second edition of The Art of SEO in 2012, and the third edition in 2015.

Spencer is author of Google Power Search, an advanced Google search manual, published in 2011 by O'Reilly.[40] Spencer co-authored Social eCommerce with Jimmy Harding and Jennifer Sheahan which was published in 2014 by O'Reilly.[41] Spencer is a contributor to a number of marketing journals and blogs.

He has been published in Practical Ecommerce,[42] MarketingProfs,[43] Search Engine Land,[44] Multichannel Merchant,[45] The Huffington Post,[46] and CNET,[47] among others.

Spencer has been speaking at Internet marketing conferences for over 20 years, including covering SEO and digital marketing topics[48] for the American Marketing Association (AMA),[49] Shop.org,[50] Internet Retailer,[51] SMX, Search Engine Strategies,[52] O'Reilly/TechWeb,[53] PubCon,[54] NEMOA, Etail, WordCamp,[55] ACCM,[56] among others.

Spencer is the host of two podcasts, Marketing Speak and The Optimized Geek.

Both have appeared on iTunes New and Noteworthy[57][58] and In 2016, Spencer made multiple live television appearances on local affiliates of ABC, CBS, FOX, and NBC,[59] speaking about the geek lifestyle[60] and raising awareness for children in foster care.[61] Spencer encouraged his oldest daughter at the age of 14 to start a blog, neopetsfanatic.com.

He advised her on using AdSense to monetize the site, earnings were up to $1,100 per month.[62][63][64] Spencer and Chloe have co presented at conferences DMA08 and BlogPaws.

Chloe has spoken on her own as well, including BlogHer, DMA, YPulse, SMX West, BlogWorld, SMOC, and SES, and has appeared live on Denver 9News and the Bay Area's ABC7 News.

BlogPaws has appeared on live TV as well.[65][66][67] Spencer and Chloe have appeared on interviews such as blogtalkradio,[68] as well as Chloe has appeared alone on WebProNews,[69][70] ClickZ,[71] ReelSEO, and Blogger Stories.[72] In addition to encouraging Chloe to blog on her own site, he encouraged her to blog for The Huffington Post and, on his recommendation to Arianna Huffington, Chloe became a Huffington Post blogger at the age of 16 in 2008.[73]

Geotargeting

Geotargeting in geomarketing and internet marketing is the method of determining the geolocation of a website visitor and delivering different content to that visitor based on their location.

This includes country, region/state, city, metro code/zip code, organization, IP address, ISP or other criteria.[1] A common usage of geo targeting is found in online advertising, as well as internet television with sites such as iPlayer and Hulu.

In these circumstances, content is often restricted to users geolocated in specific countries; this approach serves as a means of implementing digital rights management.

Use of proxy servers and virtual private networks may give a false location.[2] In Geotargeting with geolocation software, the geolocation is based on geographical and other personal information that is provided by the visitor or others.

Typical examples for different content by choice in Geotargeting are the FedEx and UPS websites where users have the choice to select their country location first and are then presented with different site or article content depending on their selection.

In internet marketing and geomarketing, the delivery of different content based on the geographical geolocation and other personal information is automated.[3] A good example is the Ace Hardware website at www.acehardware.com.

The company utilizes geolocation software to power the “My Local Ace” section of its website.

Based on a site visitor's location, the website's online locator service can show the visitor how many stores are in their area, as well as a city-level locator map to help the customer find the store closest to their address.[4] The automated discovery of user person/organisation/city-level geolocation information based on IP addresses by traceroute, pings, and a combination of other tools and methods is far more advanced.[5] It is dependent on the pre-analysis of the entire IP address space.

There are more than 4 billion possible IPv4 addresses, and detailed analysis of each of them is a Herculean task, especially in light of the fact that IP addresses are constantly being assigned, allocated, reallocated, moved and changed due to routers being moved,[6] enterprises being assigned IP addresses or moving, and networks being built or changed.

In order to keep up with these changes, complex algorithms, bandwidth measurement and mapping technology, and finely tuned delivery mechanisms are necessary.[7] Once all of the IP space is analyzed, each address must be periodically updated to reflect changes in the IP address information, without invading a user's privacy.

This process is similar in scale to the task of Web spidering.

IP delivery for search engine optimization (SEO) is the method of delivering different content to search engine spiders (also known as robots and crawlers) then to human visitors.

The IP address determines if a visitor is a known search engine spider.

SEOs compare the visitor's IP address with their list of IP addresses, which are known to be servers that are owned by a search engine and used to run their crawler applications (spiders).

The delivery of different content to search engine spiders than to human visitors is called cloaking and is against most search engines' webmaster guidelines.[8][9][10] Although the search engine guidelines seem to imply that any type of cloaking is bad, there are cases where cloaking might be legitimate.

The subject is very controversial and SEO experts continue to debate about when cloaking might be acceptable and when not.[11] "Cloaking" via IP delivery works differently from cloaking via "user agent".

While IP address spoofing is harder than user-agent spoofing and more reliable, it is also harder to keep the list of IP addresses used by search engines for their crawlers up-to-date.

An outdated list with active crawler IP addresses missing enables the search engines to detect the cloaking and may result in a removal of the site from the search engine's index.

Ashmanov %26 Partners

Lee Min-jung

Lee Min-jung (born February 16, 1982) is a South Korean actress.

She began her career in Jang Jin's stage plays, and for a few years appeared in supporting roles on film and television.

She became known after her appearance in Boys Over Flowers (2009), and landed her first lead role in family drama Smile, You (2009).

Lee achieved widespread recognition for her leading role in the romantic comedy Cyrano Agency (2010).

She also starred in Wonderful Radio (2012), Big (2012), Cunning Single Lady (2014) and Come Back Mister (2016).

Lee began her career in playwright/filmmaker Jang Jin's stage plays, then appeared in the Christian-themed indie Pruning the Grapevine,[1] while doing minor roles on film and television.

She became a household name in 2009 through her supporting role in the popular high school series Boys Over Flowers, which then landed her first leading role in the weekend drama Smile, You.[2][3] The same year, she won the Best New Actress award at the Korean Association of Film Critics Awards for her performance in the mystery thriller White Night.[4] Lee's breakout role was in romantic comedy Cyrano Agency in 2010, where she swept Best New Actress awards at various local award-giving bodies.[5][6][7][8][9] Commercials and endorsements flooded in, and Lee gained a "goddess" label in the press.[10] One of the challenges of her next film Wonderful Radio, was to strip her of that image.[11] She successfully carried the film, with one review praising her as "expertly swinging from girly ditz, through self-centered pop diva (with memorable temper tantrums), to serious singer-songwriter."[12][13] Co-star Lee Jung-jin said her actual personality is similar to the character's - "really upbeat and outgoing."[11] After playing a disillusioned fiancée to an ambitious fund manager in Midas,[14] Lee returned to the romantic comedy genre in the body-swapping TV series Big written by the Hong sisters.[15] In 2013 she starred in another rom-com series All About My Romance, about a secret relationship between two politicians of rival parties.[16] This was followed by Cunning Single Lady in 2014, in which she played the titular character who schemes to win her ex-husband back now that he's rich and successful.[17] Lee made her acting comeback after three years in the SBS drama Come Back Mister with Rain.

The series began airing in February 2016, and Lee won positive reviews for her performance.[18][19] In 2018, Lee is scheduled to return with a SBS weekend drama Fates & Furies.

She will re-unite with her former co-star Joo Sang-wook from Cunning Single Lady as main leads.[20][21] Her maternal grandfather was renowned painter Park No-soo, who led the first generation of modern traditional Korean ink painters who emerged after the country's liberation from Japanese rule.

Park died on February 25, 2013, at the age of 86.[22] Lee married actor Lee Byung-hun on August 10, 2013 at the Grand Hyatt Seoul.[23][24][25][26] The couple had briefly dated in 2006, then resumed their relationship in 2012.[27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36] Lee gave birth to their first child, Lee Joon-hoo, a boy, on 31 March 2015.[37][38][39]

List of The Return of Superman episodes

The following is a list of episodes of South Korean reality-variety show The Return of Superman, which was used to be part of a segment of Happy Sunday.

It was first aired on September 19, 2013.

As of April 19, 2020, 326 episodes of The Return of Superman have been aired.

The original 3 episodes pilot aired as a Chuseok holiday.

Choo Sunghoon and Sarang are going to Osaka to meet Sunghoon's parents.

Tablo is recovering from shoulder surgery as he takes care of his daughter, Haru.

Lee Hwi-jae goes to see an eye doctor to check Seoeon and Seojun's eyes.

The charismatic actor Jang Hyunsung is actually a very clumsy person at home.

He's very friendly with his two sons, Junu and Junseo.

He teaches Junseo how to ride a bicycle without training wheels.

Sunghoon and Sarang have so much fun in Osaka, Sarang spends her birthday at her grandparents' house and experiences various things she had never done before.

Meanwhile, Tablo and Haru go to the aquarium to see fish, which are Haru's favorite thing in the world.

Hwijae, worried about the twins' eyes, takes them to an eye doctor.

They get their eyes checked up and Hwijae gets so scared by the sound of their crying.

Also he takes them to a baseball park with him.

Hyunsung goes to Junu's parent-teacher conference and gets surprised by Junu's letter and his performance in school.

Haru learns to spend more time with Tablo's bandmate and friend, Tukutz's baby.

Junu and Junseo go shopping for clothes with Hyunsung.

Hwijae takes the twins to a wedding and they continually suffer from stomach problems.

Sunghoon takes Sarang to Hakone hot springs, but it's not the trip he had expected since Sarang refuses to go into the hot spring and won't let him either.

Haru goes to a fishing park with Tablo, they catch their first fish ever.

Sarang continues to have constipation problems.

Sunghoon and Sarang are still at Hakone, they have a craft day where they make souvenirs for mom Shiho.

The twins have diarrhea problems and special nannies Choi Hongman and Lee Hyundo come to help.

Hwijae takes Seoeon and Seojun to a baby play facility where Seoeon encounters his first love.

Junu and Junseo learn about pocket money and finances.

Sarang's mother, Shiho Yano gives a ton of chores to Sunghoon, he has to take Sarang to get her hair cut, make juice for her constipation and so on.

To avoid Sarang getting mad at him he takes her to the Disney store and lets her pick out whatever she wants.

Haru visits the zoo with Tablo, unlike her friends she isn't scared to touch the animals at all.

Hwijae tries to feed his twins baby food but the twins start fighting, later he takes the twins to the TV studio.

Junu and Junseo start the day by fighting and Hyunsung takes them out to fly a kite.

Hyunsung also brings his sons to his mother's house to make kimchi.

The four dads gather together to tape an episode of KBS Happy Together.

The four dads continue with their taping of Happy Together.

Shiho gives Sunghoon a list of things he needs to do and one of them is to buy a Christmas tree.

It's his first time decorating a tree.

Kwanghee of ZE:A visits the Choovely family.

Tablo wants to make this Christmas special so he disguises himself as Santa Claus but Haru's reaction isn't something Tablo expected.

The twins get to celebrate their first Christmas.

Hwijae takes them to a toy store but they keep giving him a hard time.

Hyunsung makes egg bread for the first time for Junu and Junseo.

Sunghoon and Sarang visit Mt.

Fuji, but Sarang isn't interested at all.

Later Sunghoon prepares a surprise party for Shiho.

Tablo and Haru visit Haru's grandpa's grave.

She writes a card to him.

On the morning of Hyejung's return, Haru surprises her dad with the song she wrote.

The twins are growing really fast, they even try walking with a walker.

Hwijae takes them to a swimming pool for babies to swim.

Hyunsung tries making bean sprout rice but Junseo seems to know how he should make it.

Junu expresses how he feels, he thinks his mom favors Junseo since he's younger.

Sunghoon and Sarang decide to go to Okinawa to get away from snowy Tokyo.

Tablo wants to help Haru find what she wants to do in the future, so they visit a martial arts school.

Hwijae wants his twins to be professional athletes so he starts teaching them sports, he takes them to a basketball court and calls a professional baseball player to his house.

On a snowing day, Hyunsung takes his two son's to their grandpa's grave.

Hyunsung cries in grief as he misses his father so much.

Junseo waits for the tooth fairy and makes a wish.

The Choovely family begin their trip in Okinawa as they go to see dolphins, horses and the 2nd largest aquarium in the world.

Haru continues her search for a career path with ballet.

Junu and Junseo get a treat to a theme park from their dad and they learn to overcome some fears.

The twins get their first ever haircut and professional photo shoot.

They arrive all dressed up at Grandma's house to celebrate her birthday.

The Choovely family spend their last day in Okinawa.

Junseo and Junu get caught up in their father's enthusiasm for cooking.

Hyunsung attempts his very first pasta dish.

Hwijae ends up having a great but also terrible time at his parents’ house when he and the twins pay a visit to celebrate his mother's birthday.

He's worried to death about what his wife will think about what his mother has done.

Seojun gets complements from his grandparents for his happy and open personality, while Seoeon is criticized for being a brat and crybaby.

Haru continues her search for an early look at a career path which leads her to cooking class.

Hyunsung and the boys visit Haru's house for a full day of fun, fishing and hanging out.

Haru's love for Junu continues to blossom as she's blown away by his gentle kindness and charm.

Tablo, Haru and the Jang's goes ice fishing.

Meanwhile the Choovely family enjoy their first whole day in Seoul.

Sarang's need for an Anpanman toy causes Sunghoon to lose a fortune.

They head to a dry sauna and then to Insa-dong for a great day and have a dinner date with an international star.

Hwijae and the twins are not shown in this episode.

The Jang family visits Japan for the first time and get lost on the way to the Choo's home.

When they finally get there, Junseo continues to try and win over Sarang but to no avail.

Hyunsung also finds out he is quite popular in Japan when he encounters a Japanese fan.

Hwijae takes his boys out for the first time in a while and learns how to massage them to keep them calm.

Haru attends Big Bang's concert where she gets shy when she sees her idol and later helps out dad, Tablo in the recording studio.

Haru spends the spring day picking strawberries and making jam for her mom.

She becomes close with a puppy at the animal farm next door and wants to take him home.

The twins split up for the day and Hwijae fulfills his dream of acting like a Hollywood dad.

He comes home to give Seojun a bubble bath with the help from two Super Junior members.

Sarang gets to hang out with her pre-school boyfriend Yuto.

Sunghoon gets a taste of how it is to take care of a boy and care for two kids at the same time.

Jang's have a fun time getting Junseo vaccinated and meeting some big name actors.

Junu finally gets to meet the actor Yeo Jingoo, but he actually becomes really shy and he can't even talk to him.

The Jang's leave for Busan to go to the actor Kim Jungtae's place.

There, they meet his son Yakkung, who's the most happy child in the world.

Sarang's pre-school boyfriend Yuto keeps making Sarang mad and Sunghoon has a hard time trying to reconcile the two.

Also, the fighter Kim Donghyun visits Sarang's house.

Hwijae goes to the basketball court and there, he feels small due to basketball player Wu Jiwon's babysitting skills.

Haru and Tablo takes a tour around Gwangjang market and sample the delicious food there.

Haru buys a violin and gets her first lesson from a pretty teacher.

The Jang brothers continue their adventure in Busan with Yakkung and finds out just how important Busan is to their mom and dad.

Sarang has a lesson with a tutor in Korean.

Later Sarang has fun with Yuto at daycare but their violent relationship continues to go up and down when Sarang takes Yuto's grapes and refuses to share them.

Hwijae and Seoeon have fun with Yun Hyeongbin and cooks a romantic birthday breakfast for his wife.

The Superman families head to Jeju-do for a much needed holiday.

They go to the aquarium and enjoy the local delicious raw fish delicacy.

Meanwhile Sarang is visited by members of Girls' Generation who are fans of her.

They have a blast becoming friends with Sarang.

Afterwards Sarang and her dad Sunghoon heads to Jeju-do to join the rest of the Superman families.

They end the day by planning a birthday party for the twins.

All the families are gathered in Jeju-do and they have a blast at the twins' 1st birthday party.

The next day, each family goes on their own adventure.

Haru's family goes horse riding and eats a unique type of seafood instant noodles.

The Jang brothers go hang gliding and swimming.

Sarang's family go to pick dekopon and go in search of a dol hareubang.

The twins enjoy a date at the soccer stadium and later visits their dad's friend Heo Su-gyeong's home, where Seoeon shows his Casanova personality when he chases Su-gyeong's, 7 year old daughter Byeol around her house.

A new family has joined the show, it's actor Kim Jungtae and his son Yakkung! Look forward to their first 48 hours without mom.

Former baseball player Yang Junhyeok visits Hwijae and he does a great job in taking care of the twins.

Sarang practices a birthday song to celebrate her grandpa's birthday.

Also he visits Sarang's house in Tokyo and gets a health examination done for the first time in his life.

UV visits Tablo to create a children's song.

The Jang brothers seem to be going through puberty and becoming more rebellious, so Hyunsung takes them for a counseling session.

Hwijae and the twins pay a visit to former S.E.S member Shoo, who is the mother of twin girls that are the same age as Seoeon and Seojun.

The 2 sets of twins enjoy a fun day together.

Epik High and UV continue with their collaboration to produce a children's song and call themselves YF meaning "Young Father".

Haru rides the Tayo bus, where Tablo takes her to an antique market.

Sarang goes on a date with her grandpa.

She follows everything he does.

Junu and Junseo do a role play to understand each other's position.

Later actress Goo Hye Sun visits the Jang's and brings her dog to help the boys overcome their fears of dogs.

Yakkung goes on an outing with Jungtae to the largest street market in Busan where they sample delicious street food.

Yakkung also realizes how popular he is with the locals.

Later Jungtae brings Yakking to his old neighborhood to see the house he use to live in.

Hwijae is left with the two sets of twins at Shoo's house when she goes to pick up her 5 year old son Yu from school.

Seoeon continues to flirt with the twin sisters and has a stare down with their older brother Yu.

Yakkung goes to get a haircut but he gets so scared that he wails in the hair salon.

Later his friend Jimin comes over.

The Choovely family have gathered to celebrate Sunghoon's father's birthday.

Shiho prepares Korean food for him and Sunghoon's sister Jeonghwa visits.

Tablo takes Haru to where his childhood memories lie.

There, he reminisces of his good old days.

He also takes Haru to the recording studio, where she meets Chinese singer Bibi Zhou.

Hyunsung cooks and prepares a birthday meal for his father-in-law's birthday.

Haru and her mom go to Osaka, Japan to see Tablo and the rest of the YG family concert.

When making Epik High fan posters, Haru gets mad at her mom for using the pink marker and throws a tantrum, Hyejung gets mad and scolds at Haru.

Sarang continues with learning the Korean language.

Later Sunghoon takes her to the doctors for a check up, but because of past frightening experiences at the doctor Sarang refuses to cooperate.

Jungtae takes Yakkung to a hula dance class.

Yakkung takes an immediate liking to it and is eager to learn the hula dance.

Hwijae and the twins go visit his parents.

Seoeon shows his grandmother that he can walk on his own.

Seojun gives a surprise reaction when his grandmother feeds him yogurt.

Sarang attends Yuto's birthday party at the park, but gets upset when he plays with the other kids.

Haru and Hyejeong enjoy the YG concert in Osaka, Japan.

Haru gets to meet G-Dragon again.

Jungtae and Yakkung visits a farm with Kim Daehee and his three daughters.

Daehee's youngest daughter seems to fancy Yakkung but he likes the middle daughter who is a few years older than him.

Junu and Junseo meet Akdong Musician and learn their dance.

The twins' older cousin David pays a visit.

While playing with the twins, Hwijae gets surprised that Seojun can understand him and walk on his own.

Hwijae brings the twins with him to play tennis and tries to set two friends up on a blind date.

Later his friend Hyeon-cheol visits his home to learn how to take care of kids.

Haru and her family are still in Osaka, Japan.

Tablo and Haru go to the Nissin Instant Ramen Museum and make a custom instant cup of noodles.

Sunghoon tries to get Sarang interested in gymnastics.

She seems to enjoy it when an instructure visits their home but when they go to Daisuke's gymnastics class she doesn't seem interested.

Jungtae, Yakkung and Daehee's family are still enjoying their trip at the farm.

They enjoy a nice outdoor lunch and horse back riding.

The Jang family goes to Seoul's Chinatown to enjoy a delicious Chinese lunch.

After their meal they meet up with their wife/mother for a fun day at the amusement park.

Sunghoon brings Sarang and her friend Yuto to Tokyo Disneyland, the two are confused upon meeting Oswald the Lucky Rabbit.

The twins can finally walk on their own now.

Hwijae makes a strawberry cake from scratch for his mother-in-law's birthday.

Seojun's look-a-like Kim Jun-hyun shows up at his home to get to know him.

Tablo and Hyejung's former dog Heendoongi comes to visit them for a day.

Haru wants to get friendly with Heendoongi, but Heendoongi doesn't seem to like her.

Yakkung attends a ballet dance class, later he and Jungtae goes to his mom's university to pick her up.

Hyunsung and Junseo make preparations for Junu's birthday party.

Tablo and Haru go to the Jang's home later to help Junu celebrate his birthday.

Jungtae and Yakkung bid their farewell as this was their last episode.

Sunghoon, Sarang and Yuto are still having fun at Tokyo Disneyland.

The 3 explore the theme park together and finally get to meet Mickey Mouse.

The next day Sunghoon brings Sarang to a farm to see live animals.

Seojun and his look-a-like Kim Jun-hyun are getting close.

Kim Jun-hyun invites his friend and Gag Concert co-star Yu Min-sang over to have a fun afternoon with the twins.

Hwijae later brings the twins with him for an eye examination.

Haru and Tablo have a sleepover at the Jang's home, the next day all of them head off to a forest outing together.

Guest cast Do Kyung Wan and Jang Yun-jeong chronic their path to becoming first time parents.

The Jang's are guest at Tablo's radio show and Hwijae makes a surprise live phone in while Tablo and Hyunsung are on air.

The twins have another fight and Seojun stands up to Seoeon.

Yunjeong and Kyungwan meet up with Hwijae and the twins to get parenting advice.

Sarang gets to milk a live cow and makes ice cream with her dad.

Later she and her mom have a dress up fashion show for Sunghoon.

The Jang's head to a mountain spring and reflect their time on the show.

The Jang's bid their goodbyes as they exit the show.

New "Superman" Song Il-gook and his triplet sons introduce themselves.

Song Il-gook and his triplet sons join the show.

He takes care of his 3 rambunctious boys and takes them out for a bike ride to the park.

Yunjeong looks through baby pictures of Kyungwan and old pictures of her in-laws.

Later they head to a baby shop to prepare items for the birth of their child.

Hwijae invites Shoo and her twin girls over to his home.

He and his wife offer to look after the girls so Shoo can have a relaxing day.

Sunghoon and Sarang go to Osaka, Japan to visit his parents.

Sarang has a judo match with her grandfather.

Haru's friend comes to her home.

They have a fun day karaoking.

Hwijae and his wife continue to have a fun afternoon with their twins and Shoo's twin daughters.

Sarang goes shopping for swimwear with her grandparents and sees her grandfather's romantic side towards her grandmother.

Sunghoon coaches judo to students.

Haru attends a children's play group and later goes bare hand fishing with her dad.

Ilgook takes the triplets out to a enjoyable buffet lunch.

Later at home he tries to teach them to play soccer.

Yunjeong finally gives birth to her son with an emotional Kyungwan by her side.

Choi Hong-man visits the twins' home again, now that the twins have grown they don't seem to remember him.

Later Hwijae brings the twins to the mega market, Seojun is excited to explore the market and starts to wander around store.

Haru and her dad are still at their farm visit.

She plays with ducks and has a lunch made from the fishes she caught.

Sarang goes swimming with her dad and grandparents, later she celebrates her grandmother's birthday with the rest of her family.

Ilgook takes the triplets to the mega market and their daycare.

Time and time again Manse testes his dad's patience when he refuses to obey.

Yunjeong and Kyungwan can't get enough of their newborn son, they constantly admire him and have a photoshoot for him.

Yunjeong and Kyungwan finally bring Kkom-kkomyi home after staying at Kyungwan's parents' home.

Later Yunjeong's friend trot singer Park Hyun-bin comes to meet Kkom-kkomyi.

Hwijae brings the twins to a learning center where they play with raw flour.

Sunghoon brings Sarang along to the gym so he can spend an afternoon training.

Haru and Tablo go clam digging.

Ilgook and the triplets have a fun day at the water park.

Yunjeong and Kyungwan bring Kkom-kkomyi to his first check up.

Ilgook take the triplets to the park where he tires himself by chasing after each triplet.

Afterwards he gives each of them a bath.

Sunghoon takes Sarang to meet one of his childhood heroes.

Later Sunghoon's friend Jang Keun-suk pays a visit to the Choo home, where Sarang ignores him but her mom Shiho shows her fangirl side.

Haru and Tablo visit Hyejung at her film set.

Haru shows her jealous side when one of the child actors seems to be close to her mother.

Hwijae takes the twins to a puppy pet shop where the boys have fun playing with the puppies.

Later Hwijae and his wife take the twins to Namsan Seoul Tower to celebrate the twins 500th day and leave a loving message on a lock.

Yunjeong, Kyungwan and Kkom-kkomyi say their goodbyes as this is their last episode.

Hwijae and Jeongwon teach the twins to use a fork on their own.

Later Hwijae brings the twins to the 2014 K League All-Star Game, where the twins get to meet all the players and have their jerseys signed.

Seojun gets a taste of chocolate for the first time when some of the players offer him a mini Snickers bar.

Ilgook takes the triplets to a children's salon to get their hair cut.

Later he takes them for a trail hike.

DJ Tukutz and his son Yunu arrives early at Haru's home for a fun day with Tablo and Haru at the water park.

Shiho takes over 48-hour single parent duty for Sunghoon because he has to train for his upcoming MMA fight.

Shiho participates in Sarang's Korean lessons and later Shiho and Sarang have a fun day with her younger cousin.

Ilgook teaches the triplets to ride tricycles.

With help from local neighborhood kids who are order than the triplets, Daehan, Minguk, and Manse eventually learn to pedal their tricycles.

Hwijae and the twins meet up with actress Shin Aera and her daughters to have fun at a teepee resort.

Shiho and Sarang head to the park with her cousin to have a enjoyable afternoon.

Later Sarang's grandparents arrive from Osaka to take her camping.

Tablo and Haru learn to make tofu.

Hyejung surprises them the next day by having an indoor camping experience.

All four "Superman" family gather at KBS headquarter studio for a special 1 year anniversary of the show.

The parents reflect their time on the show and answer studio audiences questions.

A behind the scenes look of the 1 year anniversary show.

The kids play back stage at KBS headquarters.

Sarang and Yuto go on a floating boat restaurant and hear their favorite song being performed.

Ilgook play a pretend crocodile game with the triplets and later take them out for Korean barbecue.

Hwijae takes the twins out for their first ever taste of Samgyetang.

The Lee twins' uncle pay a visit to their home again, but the twins end up ignoring him.

Later Hwijae brings the twins to Korean celebrity food personality Lee Hye Jung's cooking studio.

Shiho and Sarang learn to make kimchi together with her grandparents.

Ilgook brings the triplets to a live Robocar Poli show.

Tablo and Haru meet up with her grandfather and uncle to enjoy a seafood meal together.

Ilgook takes the triplets to a grape vineyard to make a birthday gift for his wife.

While making a card for his wife the triplets ruin the couch.

Sarang and her grandparents visit Shiho during her photo shoot.

Tablo takes Haru to a music concert where other musical acts befriend her.

Hwijae takes the twins on a trail hike and later to the gym to look for their mother.

SungHoon's fight weigh in is shown at the end.

Tablo and family go to Jeju Island and visit a tangerine farm, picking delicious fruits for the Superman families while eating some as they go.

Sean and his kids pay a visit to Ilgook and the triplets' home.

Later both families participate in a marathon race for a good cause.

Hwijae takes the twins to a vegetable farm where they pick, wash and eat the vegetables while getting wet in the process.

Sarang and Sunghoon are on a farm where, like the twins, are picking their own vegetables and having fun while doing it together.

At the end we see Hwijae and the twins buying gifts for their visit to the triplets and Ilgook home.

Taeyang becomes Haru's babysitter when Tablo becomes busy while working on his new album.

Sarang has a fun day at a park with her friend Yuto.

Later Sarang shows her braveness when Sunghoon takes her to the doctor's office for a check up and shots, and she doesn't throw a fit.

The twins head to Busan with dad and their grandfather to visit the naval museum and see the ship grandpa was assigned to.

The triplets visit the countryside where they participate in making red bean stew and eat roasted bugs for the first time.

Later Ilgook prepares to make a calendar featuring the triplets but has a hard time getting them to pose correctly.

The Choo family dog has puppies.

Later Sunghoon takes Sarang and her friend Yuto "trick or treating" for Halloween.

Haru continues spending time with Taeyang while Tablo works on his album.

Ilgook tries hard to get the triplets to pose properly for his calendar.

Hwijae and the twins are still in Busan with their grandfather.

Their mom arrives to join the trip.

The twins have their first taste of spicy food which Seojun is able to distinguish right away while Seoeon does not feel anything.

Later the Lee's take a family portrait and their grandfather takes a portrait to be used at his future funeral.

The Song boys continue their visit to the Choo family home in Japan.

Sarang helps Ilgook shop for groceries and shows her hospitality to the triplets by offering them chocolate.

Shiho shows up to help celebrate Christmas with her family and the Song's.

Hwijae and the twins attend Kim In-seok's wedding.

He also teaches the twins to bow properly in a show of respect for New Year's and later they go on a mountain hike and watch the sunset to look back at the year.

Tablo and Haru visit and pay their respect at his father's grave.

Tablo, Haru and Hyejung celebrate Christmas together with a cake and say their goodbyes to the show.

Taewoong's 48 hours of child care duty begins.

He takes Jion to the local park where he has trouble changing her diaper.

Later when he is feeding dinner to Jion he is touched and surprised that she is able to mimic his actions while he was cooking.

Sarang plays dress up with her mom.

Her friend Yuto comes over to help take her of the newborn puppies and participate in Sarang's Korean lessons.

Hwijae shows the twins how to dry laundry.

Later he takes them out for a restaurant to have a Korean feast.

Major League Baseball player Hyun-jin Ryu visit the Song home.

Taewoong potty trains Jion, later the two go grocery shopping and he child proofs the home while Jion is taking a nap.

Sarang visits her older cousin Yume in Kyoto, Japan.

While there she also meets up with her other maternal relatives (her great-great grandmother, grandmother, and uncle).

The two have fun wearing hanboks, also her cousin Yume gets to see Sarang's huge eating appetite.

Hwijae brings the twins to a bakery where they let you decorate your own cake.

Hwijae wants to decorate a cake for his friend Yoon Hyung Bin's son 100th day but the twins won't stop eating the icing cream on the cake.

The Song's are still enjoying their time with Hyun-jin Ryu.

Later Ilgook takes the triplets skiing.

Jion shows off her dance talents at a ballet class.

Later she goes to the doctor's office and shows her braveness when she hardly cries.

Hwijae and the twins goes to the Noryangjin fish market to explore.

Seojun shows his curiosity and fearlessness when he asks his dad about the all species and touches all of them without fear.

He also shows his pickiness for food when he refuses to eat any of the delicious cooked seafood dad has brought, instead sternly demands to only eat a corn dish.

Sarang and Sunghoon are in Korea, first they have a meal with well known actor Cha Seung-won and later visit the Song residence.

Sarang has fun with the triplets and Manse shows his adoration for her.

Hyejin prepares breakfast for Taewoong and Jion before both father and daughter are off to swimming lessons.

Later Taewoong phones his older sister Uhm Jung Hwa via video chat to greet each other for Lunar New Year.

Sarang and Sunghoon are in Asahikawa, Japan to visit the Asahiyama Zoo where Sarang looks forward to seeing the penguin attraction.

Manse shows he misses Sarang and insist on sitting at her seat when she visited the Song's.

Ilgook brings the triplets camping, before arriving at the camp site he brags about being an expert camper but has trouble pitching the tent, setting up equipment and preparing food once they are at the camp site.

Hwijae plays a flash card game with the twins and is surprised when he finds out how intelligent Seojun is.

The Lee's go to the Tteok & Kitchen Utensil Museum to learn how to make home made tteok.

The Lees goes ice fishing and Seojun shows he is quite skill at it.

After finishing fishing they feast on their catch where the twins are curious about tasting chili sauce.

Seojun has figured out how to turn the lights on at home and refuses to go to sleep during bedtime.

Later Hwijae brings the twins to a play center that specialize in children's play vehicles.

The Choos are still at Hokkaido.

Father and daughter have a fun chat during a hot bowl of ramen, the next day the two participate in a DIY chocolate course.

Taewoong invites his former 2 Days & 1 Night castmate Cha Tae-hyun and his daughters to his home to keep Jion company.

Taewoong cook a delicious duck stew meal for his guest which causes Tae-hyun's toddler daughter Su-jin to continuous suck on the duck bones.

Ilgook takes the triplets to a dojang for Taekwondo lessons.

Later at home Ilgook once again teaches the triplets how to put on their own diaper and pants.

The Lees goes to a art center to make a birthday gift for mom.

The Lees also invite all their close neighbors for a get together and to say their goodbyes before they move to their new home.

Sarang and Sunghoon dine on king crab legs.

During a conversation with dad, Sarang confesses that she now likes Manse more than Mom and Dad which surprises Sunghoon.

After having a fun day with their guess the Chas, Jion and Taewoong enjoy a quiet evening watching The Return of Superman.

While watching a past episode showing her dad falling asleep, Jion breaks into tears.

The Songs head to the Shin-gi Market in Incheon to explore.

While exploring they get side tracked by food and downed 16 skewers of fishcake and then dined at a restaurant that specialize in dishes made from pig.

Taewoong and Jion head to a floral nursery to pick out plants and trees to plant in their back yard.

Later Taewoong's father-in-law veteran actor Yoon Il-Bong stops by their house to play with Jion.

After enjoying her mango breakfast Sarang helps her dad Sunghoon clean the dishes, later they head to an interactive art exhibit where it inspires Sunghoon and Sarang to create their own artwork at home.

The Songs and Lees are still together celebrating the triplets and twins birthdays together.

Afterwards the Lees head to a farm where they learn to make tufu the ancient way, while the Songs head to the beach to take pictures.

The Lees meet up with singer Sung Dae-hyun, Seoeon shows his flirtatious side again as a nuna lover with Dae-hyun's daughter Ah-young.

Later Hwijae brings the twins to soccer great Song Chong-gug's soccer camp where both twins shows great potential in soccer.

Taewoong puts his handy skills to work by building an outdoor playhouse and swing for Jion.

Later he shows off his gardening skills to Hyejin when she returns home.

The Songs ride the public bus to the bus driver examination course for Ilgook to take his bus driver test.

Later the triplets attend a ballerina class where Manse shows off his martial art skills.

Sarang has a fun play date with her dad where they play cake shop.

After mimicking her mother cooking and having breakfast, Sarang and Sunghoon head to a strawberry farm to pick strawberries.

Later they go to a rock climbing gym.

Hwijae takes the twins to a children's play group gym where Seojun shows his athleticism while Seoeon flirts with the girls.

Later the Lees go to a restaurant to dine on roast duck, the twins shows their huge appetite by devouring all the food.

The Songs go hiking with the triplets preschool classmates.

Later at home Ilgook teaches the triplets about sharing.

The Uhms go on a picnic at a park where they get to feed ostriches.

Later at home Taewoong's older sister actress-singer Uhm Junghwa comes over to his house to bond with Jion.

Sarang's cousin Yume visits her in Tokyo.

Sarang is extremely happy to see Yume, after a delicious lunch prepared by Sunghoon the girls and their dads go to a dress up photo studio to have pictures of them as princesses taken.

Hwijae wants to invite his friends over to his new home for a house warming party.

Not the greatest cook he ask his friend Kim Ji-woo what he should make, she then suggested he talk to her husband, celebrity chef Raymon Kim.

After picking up ingredients at the supermarket, Hwijae and the twins head to the Kims home for a lesson in spaghetti making.

Taewoong's older sister Uhm Junghwa is still visiting him.

He leaves Jion in Junghwa's care while he heads out to pick up dinner.

The Songs go to a exotic petting zoo where there are snakes, aquatic creatures, bunnies and turtles.

Daehan shows no fear, wanting to touch every animal.

Later that night at home, Ilgook performs a puppet show for the triplets.

Hwijae invites his friends over to his new home for a home cooked meal prepared by himself.

While his guest wait for dinner to be ready, Hwijae serves them japchae to enjoy, Seojun shows his mischievous by stealing noodles from Kim Hyun Chul's bowl.

After their fun day at the photo studio Sunghoon takes Yume and his brother-in-law to a Korean restaurant for dinner.

While Yume eats gracefully, Sarang chows down her food.

After a fun sleepover with her cousin, Sarang is sad when Yume has to leave.

After taking the triplets weight and measurements, Ilgook decides to weigh himself and sees that he has gained weight.

He takes the triplets with him to do some outdoor exercise, but a hard day of workout is gone to waste when the Songs go to a mandu restaurant and downs ten orders of dumplings and two bowls of noodles.

Taewoong says goodbye to his sister who leaves after visiting him and Jion.

The next day the Uhms go to a piggy petting zoo.

Continuing in the day, Taewoong takes Jion to the house where he filmed Architecture 101, later Ilgook invites the Uhms to go climb the hills of Yongnuni Oreum with him and the triplets.

Hwijae and the twins visits his friend Heo Su-gyeong who lives on the island with her daughter Byeol.

The last time the Lees visited Su-gyeong, Seoeon showed lots of interest in Byeol, but this time around both him and Seojun are more interested in the banana she is eating.

Meanwhile Sunghoon and Sarang go horseback riding and later the Seogwipo Olle Market to pick up ingredients for that nights dinner and a cake for Taewoong's surprise birthday party.

Seojun shows his mischievous side again by grabbing a handful of cake meant for Jion, but this time Hwijae catches him and lectures him on his misbehavior.

While Sunghoon was at the market he also brought specialty gifts only available in Jeju Island for all the children, which is clothes dyed with persimmon.

The next morning while all the families are still sleeping the wives arrives at the home-stay.

Ilgook has a "Little Mermaid" themed photo-shoot with the triplets.

He has the triplets dress up as various characters from the story.

Later that evening he decides that the triplets are now old enough to eat at the dining table and teaches them about table etiquette.

Baekhyun and Chanyeol from Exo visits the Lees' to help babysit the twins.

After playing with the twins and time for lunch, Chanyeol takes Seojun grocery shopping with him and is surprised when Seojun seems to be more popular than him.

After finishing shopping and returning to the Lee home, both Exo members help to cook lunch and feed the twins.

Sarang celebrates her friend Yuto's birthday by singing a song she made up.

Later Sarang, Sunghoon and Grandpa Choo visit a shop that lets them get up close with all kinds of owls.

Taewoong takes Jion to a child development center and is disappointed in himself as a parent when he finds out that she is behind in socializing skills with others.

The twins get a summer haircut.

Afterwards Hwijae takes them shopping and brings them to visit his former High School teachers home.

Shiho invites all the moms to visit Japan.

The Choos di some fitness at home with Shiho teaching Sarang yoga moves.

Later Sunghoon takes Sarang bike riding at the park.

Later that night, Sarang decides to give her dad a makeover.

The triplets go to a simulation fireman play center to learn about fire rescue.

Later the Songs go grocery shopping for chicken ginseng soup ingredients.

Taewoong's friend and former 2 Days & 1 Night cast member Sung Si-kyung visits their home.

He gifts Jion a make believe princess play-set and cooks lunch for them.

The Lees are still at Hwijae's former teacher's home.

Hwijae cooks dinner for his former teacher while struggle to cook on a rural stove.

Taewoong and Sung Si-kyung work together to get Join's toy un-stuck from the ceiling.

Ilgook participates in a triathlon competition.

He has each of the twins accompany in each different category.

The Choos invite the Sarang's cousins over.

Sunghoon has fun playing DJ while the kids dance to the music.

The Lees goes to a petting zoo and the twins get their very first horse ride.

Sunghoon takes Sarang and her friend Yuto to the park to play.

Later at home Sarang and her mom Shiho have a cheongsam dress fashion show at home.

Ilgook and the triplets continues with the triathlon competition, afterwards they have a buffet meal.

Jion and Taewoong enjoy a beautiful in their backyard with the family dogs.

Later Taewoong takes Jion to a children's play gym to socialize with other kids.

Later they make posters to welcome mom back from her trip.

A very fashionable Sarang and Sunghoon dine on Sōmen noodles, The experience of have to catch your noodles in a bamboo river gets Sarang excited.

The Songs are still enjoying their camping trip.

Ilgook makes a game of finding items in the forest to keep the triplets occupied.

Later the Songs go to a salon for the triplets to get their hair cuts.

Looking at female wigs Ilgook gets an idea and puts a wig on each of his sons, pretending them to be daughters.

Hwijae takes the twins out to have cake, after returning home mom Jeongwon, tells Hwijae that her old college friend Jeong Changuk who is now a celebrity chef will be stopping by their home to teach Hwijae to cook a healthy meal.

Taewoong and Jion are still visiting his old hometown.

Jion falls in love and takes care of the puppies at their home-stay house.

While eating at a restaurant Taewoong meets the owner who happens to be a former classmate of his older sister Junghwa.

A short preview is shown of new Superman Lee Donggook's big family.

Taewoong takes Jion to his favorite childhood summer spot.

Father and daughter enjoy a nice cool dip in the stream and later enjoy a seafood meal.

Jeong Changuk tries to get close with the twins while teaching Hwijae how to make multiple healthy chicken dishes.

Ilgook and the triplets set a re-marriage proposal for their mom.

Later the Songs dine at a noodle restaurant, Ilgook decides to participate in the noodle eating contest the restaurant has.

Later they go to the airport to pickup the Sungs and Yuto who are visiting from Japan.

Lee Donggook and his big family makes their debut.

Donggook's first task is to make breakfast for his kids.

He finds the task hard as he is not familiar around the kitchen, with the help of his older twin daughters Jaesi and Jaeah he manages to make scramble eggs for everyone.

Second day of lessons at the village school for the triplets and Sarang and Yuto! Choo Sunghoon and Song Ilkook make a special health dish for the children.

The actor, Ahn Jaewook, comes from afar to see Seoeon and Seojun.

But when Jaewook sees the twins, they slowly run away! Taewoong is a trained horse rider through acting! This time he goes to a horse riding course with Jion! Donggook prepares a party for Seola and Sua’s second birthday! They put on pretty dresses and delicious cake is ready.

Ilkook and the triplets participate in "Box 1 Race!" They make a boat with boxes themselves and row along Hangang! Sarang and Sunghoon visit the twins' house! But suddenly a fierce chase happens? What has happened to Sarang and the twins? Jion and Taewoong have a photo shoot.

It was very tough but how are the results? On the day of Donggook's soccer match, the five siblings visit their dad with the sign they made themselves! The triplets have come to Gapyeong to enjoy a festival.

They meet their favorite, dinosaurs, there.

But suddenly a real dinosaur appears! Seoeon and Seojun transform into martial artists! They try learning manners and kicking and using nunchucks.

Sarang has come to meet Girls' Generation! Sarang is very excited to meet them after a long time! Jion is off to meet the horse Louis which has a special relationship with Taewoong.

She has fun receiving the love from Louis.

Seola, Sua and Daebak are still in Jeongju! They enjoy red bean shaved ice and have fun playing in the water.

Daehan, Minguk and Manse are off to Busan, where it's full of Ilkook and his wife's memories.

They enjoy swimming in the beach.

Seoeon and Seojun are a big fan of Lightning Man that they even go to Lightning Man performances.

Hwijae prepares a surprise for the twins.

Sarang prepares a secret performance and opens a nail salon just for Girls' Generation.

Jion and Taewoong visit a dance studio.

Jion enjoys dancing to her aunt's song.

Seola, Sua and Daebak go to a market! Donggook tries choosing clothes for his kids for the first time! But Seola and Sua seem to be more interested in toys.

Daehan, Minguk, and Manse are still in Busan! They try fishing at the ocean! Seoeon and Seojun are off to Mungyeong, their grandpa's hometown.

They visit a watermelon farm! G-dragon is here at Sarang's house! He brought a whole bunch of presents for Sarang.

Jion and Taewoong are at the traditional village.

They dress up in hanbok and try making rice cakes.

Donggook and his five kids go on a picnic! Donggook has prepared a special bike for his kids.

They have lunchbox and go sledding.

The triplets visit a place to experience many types of jobs.

They try being dentists and also being theatrical actors! The twins are still in Mungyeong.

Hwijae challenges himself in paragliding to show his dad the beautiful scenery of Mungyeong.

Hwijae has acrophobia.

Will he be able to do it? Sarang has turned into a dance teacher this time! G-Dragon and Sarang have fun dancing to Big Bang's songs.

Jion and Taewoong are at the grape festival.

They try picking grapes and even try making wine.

Daebak has started to crawl around! This time, he tries walking.

Will he be able to move one foot without holding Dongook's hand? Seola, Sua and Daebak were scared by a laughing puppy doll.

So Donggook takes them to a theme park of dogs.

It has snowed a lot and Seojun wishes for something after looking at the snow.

It's to meet Elsa of "Frozen!" And the real Elsa appears in front of the twins! It's the second morning at the Buddhist temple and the twins try picking cotton for the first time.

Sunghoon and Sarang dress up in hanbok and make a wish at Yongungsa, Busan.

They also meet Uncle Donghyun and have delicious dinner.

It's Rohui and Taeyoung's first time spending two days without mom.

Will they be able to survive their first 48 hours alone? Daebak can now eat regular food starting with the egg soup Donggook made last time.

This time, they all go out to have beef soup.

It's a peaceful day at the twins' house and they suddenly spot a unknown animal with sharp teeth, scary eyes and long tail through the window! Seoeon and Seojun head out to see what this mysterious animal is! Sunghoon has become an actor and Shiho and Sarang visit the movie set to support him! They open up a cafe and serve the production crew with delicious drinks! Meanwhile, the triplets go on a trip to a ski resort! Their ski skills have improved greatly compared to last time! Donggook gets a breakdown for "The Supermen are for hire" special! The five siblings living over the sky-blue walls are waiting for him! Donggook becomes the Superman for Sumin who wants to be a soccer player, and his little siblings.

Triplet boys and another twin boys? Seoeon and Seojun visits Daebangdong where five boys are living! Hayeong's dad works overseas Sunghoon becomes the Superman for Hayeong's family! He goes to Hayeong's kindergarten and even becomes a P.E.

teacher! It's the 10th wedding anniversary for Donggook and Taeyoung becomes the Superman for Seola, Sua and Daebak! What will happen at Rohui, Seola, Sua, and Daebak's first encounter? The triplets try making eel with rice for their mom working overtime.

They take the lunchbox to their mom and look back on the past year.

It's the last episode for the triplets! We introduce the new family! Actor Lee Bumsoo has comeback as an ordinary dad! Soyul takes care of her baby brother just like a mom and Daeul always tries to stay next to his sister.

It’s our first encounter with them! Seoeon and Seojun have been desperately waiting to meet Elsa that they met last time.

They clean Elsa’s shoes with devotion.

Then they suddenly run off to somewhere! Sarang and Yuto are born and raised in the city.

They visit the countryside of Korea where the air’s fresh and the water’s clean.

Sunghoon asks them a favor to cook the delicious chicken dish.

Taeyoung wants to have a lot of babies and he experiences the situation with Donggook’s children.

He was very confident at first but he gets exhausted as time goes by.

The king of variety shows, Lee Gyeonggyu visits the twins! He gets knocked out by the cute twins.

While dad was gone, Daebak developed a talent! Donggook excitedly goes home after watching Daebak greeting his sisters, but Daebak ignores him.

Two cute little friends visit the SoDa Siblings! It's two dogs of their neighbor Taecyeon, Eddie and Hari.

Rohui goes to Guam with her parents! Everyone gets shocked at how Eugene looks in her old baby photo.

She looks exactly the same as Rohui.

Hwijae has prepared a big event for the funny twins! He even invited the producer of "2 Days and 1 Night," Yu Hojin.

But thanks to active Seojun, it's hard just to start the show.

Taeyoung and Rohui have a great time on their own.

Taeyoung tries to have a romantic lunch at a beach restaurant when Rohui starts moving to try new food! Daeul's friend Epe has grown big! Daeul is scared of getting injections so Bumsoo asked Epe for help.

Will Daeul be able to get the injection? Daebak visits a barber shop to become a manly man.

For some reason, Daebak looks sad from the beginning.

Sua, Seola and Daebak visit the stadium to cheer for Donggook.

They prepare a surprise event with their grandpa! Seoeon and Seojun play the dinner game of chance, the symbol of "2 Days and 1 Night!" And they are awaken by the beautiful morning angel.

Who is she? SoDa Siblings travel back in time to Bumsoo's school days.

Taeyoung prepares a surprise event for Eugene and Rohui.

It's like a scene from the movies.

A handsome actor is here to take care of the five children of Donggook.

The sisters are shy but Daebak seems to be nervous.

A big rabbit is running around Seoeon and Seojun's house.

He was expecting a big welcome but the twins ignore him.

Two idol uncles appear in front of SoDa Siblings as their mom and dad.

The two uncles can't help but surrender to the untiring siblings.

Singer uncles have visited to see cute Rohui.

They take care of Rohui just as they learned from Taeyoung.

And they go out to take the subway for an outing.

The naughty boys of the show Seoeon and Seojun! And the charming twin girls Seola and Sua! They meet once again! Also, Hwijae has stolen the heart of Daebak! and Donggook gets weary of the situation.

Bumsoo and Daeul have a father-and-son date! They go to the car wash and dress up in suits! For Gyojin, the other two dads visit the drama reading room as a surprise! Everyone gets surprised at the visit of cute baby girls.

Soeul and Daeul takes the subway for the first time to run an errand.

A guest who Seoeon and Seojun like visits the twins’ house.

Sua, Seola and Sian make a mess in the house with rice this time.

Rohee spends quality time with her dad at a gym.

Soeul and Daeul visit KBS to see their special guests today.

These guests prepare them special events and gifts to make the siblings’ day even more wonderful.

Seoeon and Seojun visit their closest and prettiest friend, Arin, to celebrate her birthday.

Sua, Seola and Sian visit Pohang to see their grandparents on Chuseok.

Sunghoon and Sarang visit her dear friends, Soeul and Daeul.

They learn the importance of money by selling their old clothes and toys at a flea market.

Seoeon and Seojun experience many new things and spend great time in Jeju Island.

Also, Rohee goes on a camping trip with her dad and his friends for the first time.

Bumsoo shows Soeul and Daeul what community service is about.

Donggeun, Jiho and Gyojin plan a first birthday party for Joy, Haeun and Seoheun.

Seoeon and Seojun get excited after seeing Santa Claus.

Ko Jiyong of Sechs Kies spends 48 hours alone with his son, Seungjae for the first time.[11] Donggook’s family travels to Chuncheon to eat some delicious dakgalbi and watch the first sunrise of 2017.

As Lee Hwijae wishes to have a third child, he visits a urology clinic to check up on his health.

Soeul and Daeul take the subway by themselves to find Dad, who is waiting for them at a campsite.

Daeul and Soeul’s family move to a new house near their grandmother’s place, so that their grandmother can see them more often.

Seoeon and Seojun become friends with two octopuses.

Sooa, Seola, and Sian visit William’s place for a day, and a special guest joins them as well.

It’s Seoeon and Seojun’s birthday, and Seojun prepares a surprise gift for Seoeon.

Rohui also celebrates her birthday by throwing a party and recording her first album with Bada.

Donggook takes Seola, Sua, and Sian to a special place to learn how to sing.

Seungjae goes hiking with Jiyong, and Soeul and Daeul spend their last night on a deserted island.

Seoeon and Seojun try zip-line ride for the first time with Hwijae.

Sam takes pictures of William and his pets, Gaji and Mandu, to enter a look-alike contest.

Jiyong and Seungjae's trip in Jeju Island continues.

SHINee Minho invites Seola, Sua, and Sian to SM Entertainment’s office building.

Soeul and Daeul prepare special gifts for Bumsoo.

Taeyoung and Rohui sell old baby products that Rohui used when she was a baby.

Sam and William prepare a surprise event for Actor Ryu Suyoung.

Seungjae visits a pharmacy to buy medicine for Jiyong.

Sian spends time at an amusement park with his sisters and Donggook.

Seungjae prepares a surprise for Jiyong’s birthday with his mom.

Sam prepares a special event for William’s birthday.

Seoeon and Seojun spend the day with CNBLUE’s Jung Yonghwa at their house.

Hwijae takes Seoeon and Seojun to World Insect Fair as well as Folk Village to have a good time.

Donggook’s children spend a day with star uncles[18] while Donggook is out for work.

William’s grandmother comes to visit Sam’s family from Australia, and goes on a Seoul tour with them.[19] Seungjae learns how to be a big brother by playing with his little cousin.

Jiyong and Seungjae visit Jiyong’s elementary school together.

Sam

Descendants of the Sun

Descendants of the Sun (Korean: 태양의 후예; RR: Taeyang-ui Huye) is a 2016 South Korean television series starring Song Joong-ki, Song Hye-kyo, Jin Goo, and Kim Ji-won.[3][4][5] It aired on KBS2 from February 24 to April 14, 2016 for 16 episodes.[6] KBS then aired three additional special episodes from April 20 to April 22, 2016 containing highlights and the best scenes from the series, the drama's production process, behind-the-scenes footage, commentaries from cast members and the final epilogue.[7][8] The series was a major hit in South Korea where it drew a peak audience share of 38.8%.

It received several awards, such as winning the Grand Prize in television at the 52nd Baeksang Arts Awards; and was named the Most Popular Show of the year by Korea Broadcasting Advertising Corporation.[9] The show was broadcast across Asia where it was hugely popular.,[10] and has been credited with a rise in tourism in Korea.[11] A local adaptation has aired in Vietnam,[12] and adaptations are planned in China[13] and the Philippines.[14] Yoo Si-jin (Song Joong-ki) is the captain of a South Korean Special Forces unit.

He and his friend Sergeant Major Seo Dae-young (Jin Goo) are off-duty when they witness a young man stealing a motorcycle and apprehend him.

The thief, Kim Gi-bum (Kim Min-seok), is injured during his capture and therefore sent to the hospital.

Dae-young realizes his cell phone was stolen by the thief and goes to the hospital along with Si-jin to retrieve his cellphone.

In the emergency room, Si-jin meets Dr.

Kang Mo-yeon (Song Hye-kyo) for the first time, and is instantly attracted to her.

Mo-yeon mistakenly assumes Si-jin is part of the thief's criminal gang, due to his nickname "Big Boss", which is actually his call sign.

He proves his identity with the help of army surgeon Yoon Myung-ju (Kim Ji-won).

Si-jin and Mo-yeon begin to date, but due to Si-jin being called in for duty, their dates are interrupted halfway.

Si-jin receives his orders to be deployed on a peacekeeping mission in the country of Uruk (likely a fictional representation of Greece).[citation needed] Meanwhile, Mo-yeon is upset because she had been passed over for professorship in favor of a colleague who had familial connections to the hospital management.

When Si-jin returns and meets Mo-yeon again, she directly asks him to explain his sudden disappearances and his job but he is unable to go into too much detail due to the highly classified nature of his assignments.

They talk about their views on life and realize how different they are.

Si-jin, as a soldier, kills to protect lives while Mo-yeon, as a doctor, honors the Hippocratic Oath and tries to save lives.

Due to their philosophical differences, they agree to part ways.

Dae-young, on the other hand, faces a dilemma on whether to continue his relationship with Myung-ju or risk being forced out of the army for breaking fraternization rules by Myung-ju's father, who is a general and commander of the Special Forces.

Eight months later, Mo-yeon rebuffs the advances of the hospital director and, as a result, is assigned against her will to lead a voluntary medical team to Uruk.

There, Si-jin and Mo-yeon reunite and both gain a deeper insight into one another's jobs as their respective teams endure an earthquake and a viral endemic.

While in Uruk, Mo-yeon accidentally confesses her feelings (much to the amusement of their respective teams) and the two officially start dating.

She gradually comes to terms with the fact that she may never have full disclosure of his whereabouts and the possibility of him being killed in action.

In the meantime, the usually stoic Dae-young finally works up the nerve to show more affection toward Myung-ju after she nearly dies in quarantine.

Si-jin and Mo-yeon continue their relationship after returning to Korea, until Si-jin and Dae-young are sent on a classified operation in which they disappear and are assumed to be dead.

Months pass, and Mo-yeon mourns Si-Jin's death, deciding to commemorate his passing by volunteering with a medical team sent to Albania.

This is where Si-jin eventually finds her on the day of their one-year death anniversary, after he and Dae-young are rescued from captivity by "a friend from afar", a soldier from North Korea whom Si-jin had helped earlier.

Si-jin and Mo-yeon along with Myung-ju and Dae-young are all happily reunited with each other.

Descendants of the Sun was fully pre-produced before airing which is a departure from the live-shoot production format that characterizes most Korean dramas.[26] The drama is Song Joong-ki's comeback project after serving his two years of mandatory military service.[27] The production cost 13 billion won (approximately $10.8 million) to produce.[28] Initially, there were doubts about the profitability of the drama, as a story involving a soldier may not be enough to garner a very high successive rate.

This is revealed when SBS were reluctant to continue with the project.

It was then passed to KBS.[29] According to local reports by Newsis, lead actor Song Joong-ki was not the first choice of writers and directors for the hit South Korean series, as he was deemed too slender for the role of a heroic special forces officer.[30] Song was later cast as the producers decided to change the character of the role.[31] The 6 June episode of tvN's The List 2016 revealed the names of four actors who rejected the role before Joong-ki was chosen.

As per the show, the A-listers who passed the role includes Won Bin, Jo In-sung, Gong Yoo, Hyun Bin and Kim Woo-bin.[32] Reportedly, the actors were skeptical on sporting the army style short hair.

It is also said that the artists expressed slight discomfort on portraying a role of a soldier and could not commit with the pre-production format of the show.[33] On June 12, 2015, lead actors Song Joong-ki and Song Hye-kyo filmed their first scene in Seoul.[34] On September 28, 2015, the entire cast and crew (including the four leads, Song Joong-ki, Song Hye-kyo, Jin Goo, Kim Ji-won, as well as supporting actors Kang Shin-il and Onew) departed for Greece.[35] The team resided in the country for approximately a month to shoot episodes crucial to the drama's plot.[36][37] According to Greek and South Korean news portals and blogs, filming mainly took place in Zakynthos, Arachova, Lemnos, and Navagio.[38] The series' location was modelled after Iraq, a remote area located at the margin of Balkan Peninsula; but changed its name to Uruk to avoid diplomatic conflict.[39] On November 25, 2015, it was announced that actor Song Joong-ki injured his arm while filming an action scene for the drama on November 23.

On December 7, 2015, Song Joong-ki returned to work only 2 weeks after he was injured and spotted filming at a station in Seoul.[40][41][42] The MERS-CoV outbreak in South Korea in 2015 also seriously hampered filming schedules.

The outbreak claimed the lives of 33 people, according to WHO.[43] The location which served as the Mowuru Company's base camp was set at the exhausted Taebaek Hanbo Coal Mine while earthquake scenes were mostly filmed at the Samtan Art Mine.

Filming also took place at Camp Greaves DMZ Experience Centre, once a US Army base camp during the Korean War.[44] Filming at Haesung Hospital was actually done at the Seoul St Mary's Hospital.

The crew wrapped up the last shoot in the early morning of December 30, 2015.[45] The director's cut, which feature a re-edited version of the last and 16th episode, as well as deleted scenes, a music video and behind-the-scenes footage, was released in the second half of the year.[46] Due to the success of the drama, an OST concert was held at the Grand Peace Palace at Kyung Hee University in Seoul on May 14, 2016; and featured performers of the drama's soundtrack.[47][48] After the success of Descendants, the industry saw a shift toward pre-production of Korean dramas.[49] This is because pre-production allowed producers to secure investment and distribution in a carefully planned fashion; and allowed the show to air simultaneously in China, thus bringing greater profits.[50][51] Kim Won-seok, co-writer of Descendants, said the system helps raise quality of the drama.[52] However, apart from Descendants, none of the other pre-produced dramas thus far such as Moon Lovers: Scarlet Heart Ryeo, Uncontrollably Fond and Hwarang: The Poet Warrior Youth have been successful.[53] Production company NEW said that there have been hundreds of violations of their publicity rights by businesses, in an attempt to take advantage of the drama's success.[54] The announcement came about when lead actress Song Hye-kyo sued jewelry firm J.Estina for using her pictures for promotion though the contract ended in January.[55] J.Estina said in a press release that it abided by the contract with production staff of Descendants, which allowed it to use stills from the episodes as one of the main sponsors of the series.

However, NEW refuted the claims, saying that the jewelry firm's arguments lacked legal grounds.[56] Song eventually won the legal battle, and donated the damages received to charity.[57] The soundtrack of the series topped local music charts.[58] Preorders for the soundtrack album surpassed the 10,000 mark,[59] and eventually sold over 60,000 copies.[60] Descendants received immense popularity both locally, with a peaking rating of 40%, making it the first weeknight series to do so in the country since Moon Embracing the Sun in 2012;[78] as well as internationally,[79] where it has been sold to 32 countries and translated into 32 different languages.[80][81] The success of the drama helped revive the Hallyu wave that was in decline over recent years, boosting tourism and spreading Korean culture.[79][82] The series was also watched in North Korea, one of the most secluded countries in the world.[83] The drama's success factors were attributed to its elaborate screenplay, beautiful love story and the co-production between South Korea and China.[84] The Korea Times said, "At a time when Korean melodramas are said to have been losing steam, 'Descendants of the Sun' brought fantasy together with a number of different genres to create a high quality production." and "the drama appeals to viewers' desires for justice in a society that appears to lack it."[85] The drama also earned plaudits from (former) president Park Geun-hye, who praised the drama for instilling "patriotism" among young Koreans.[86] She also called Descendants an exemplary case of the positive effects of cultural content on the manufacturing industry.[87] The drama's success helped boost Korea's economy; contributing in a rise of tourists, overseas sales of products (exports) and creating new jobs.[11] Descendants has been reported to have earned 3 billion won from product placement advertisements (PPL) and 10 billion won from sales of related sound tracks and video-on-demand service.[85][88] According to reports, the direct and indirect economic effects of Descendants are estimated to hover above 1 trillion won ($880 million).[11] The "Two Tone Lip Bar" lipstick that Song Hye-kyo wore in a scene on the show has broken sales records for Aritaum in South Korea with Laneige subsequently hosting its own Descendants of the Sun makeup event on its homepage.

The product became so popular that it sold out four days after its release on the popular Chinese shopping website, 11th Street, owned by its Korean parent-company, SK Planet.[89][90] The same product also experienced "double digit growth" in Singapore.[91] Laneige, Dal.Komm Coffee, KGC Cheong Kwan Jang Korean Red Ginseng, Subway and Hyundai all reported a surge in sales after exposure of their products in the drama.[92][93] The popularity of the show has also led to KBS launching several merchandise of the drama, such as cookies, memory sticks, emoticons and commemorative medals, which were specially created and sold to fans.[94][95][96][97] Filming locations and sets of the show underwent restoration by the government, due to the demands by both local and foreign tourists.[98][99] Camp Greaves, the former U.S.

military camp near the Demilitarized Zone (DMZ) in Paju, north of Seoul, was turned into a park composed of separate zones focusing on natural scenery, culture and arts, and military experience.[100][101] The Taebak film site was also re-modeled as a tourist site, where visitors can browse the medical camp and military base wearing costumes with the same design as those worn by the cast.[102] The set in Taebaek was featured on popular variety shows 2 Days & 1 Night[103][104] and Battle Trip.[105] Navagio, one of the iconic locations where the "relationship between the lead characters blossom", experienced a surge in popularity among Chinese and Korean tourists.[106][107][108] The success of the drama has given rise to the popularity of "soldier talk", a style of Korean speaking only used in the military.[109] There is also a spike in the number of young men wanting to join South Korean special forces units for their mandatory military service.[110] After Samgyetang was featured in the drama, it gained wider appeal among the Chinese.[111][112] However, there has been controversy surrounding the use of product placement in this drama.[113][114] Some critics argued that there was excessive product placement in the drama and that the use of product placement undermined the drama's content and artistry.[115] Kim Si-hyoung, cinematographer of Descendants admitted that product placement was excessive, but argued that they were “essential,” as he and other production staff found it hard to secure revenues from TV advertising.[116] The series also drew criticism for its unconvincing plot and unrealistic storyline.[117] Critics say that the drama ironically reflects what today's Korean society lacks, such as the cohesive military culture; and also pointed out deeply embedded sexual discrimination featured in the drama.[118] The drama was also accused of missing a noticeable plot, and kept with the terrestrial tradition of being overly predictable.[119] In this table, the blue numbers represent the lowest ratings and the red numbers represent the highest ratings.

A Chinese film adaptation produced by Huace Film & TV and directed by Zhang Yibai is planned.[13] A book based on the script is also planned for release.[166] A Philippine television adaption produced by GMA Entertainment Group.

Starring Dingdong Dantes and Jennylyn Mercado.

It premiered on February 10, 2020 on the network's Telebabad line up.[14] A Vietnamese television adaptation titled "Hậu duệ mặt trời" starring Song Luân, Khả Ngân, Cao Thái Hà, Hữu Vi, aired beginning in September, 2018 for 48 episodes.[12] As per KBS's Head of Drama, Jung Sung-ho, said the sequel is in planning, and filming would likely to take place in Greece.[167] The sequel, this time, will be co-produced by Jidam Inc., the production company behind the hit and award-winning TV dramas My Daughter, Geum Sa-wol and Jang Bo-ri is Here!.[168]

Jangtaesan

Jangtae Mountain Natural Recreation Forest (Korean: 장태산 자연휴양림) is the only Metasecua forest in Korea and is located in Jangan-dong, western Daejeon.

The Park Management Service in Daejeon will prepare the Metasequoia Forest in the Jangtaesan Natural Recreation Forest by December to ensure the safety of visitors and build beautiful forests.

The repair is designed to prevent accidents by planting trees, big and narrow spacing, causing trees to fall to one side, or dropping branches of trees to the other. It plans to get rid of some of the cracks and twigs. The targets are 98 Metasequoia trees that meet major trails, mountain baths, and some 98 Metasequoia trees of adventure forest members. Based on the characteristics of the forest, the company will carry out the project by reflecting opinions from experts in each field on forest status and stable management measures.[1] Coordinates: 37°04′N 127°54′E / 37.067°N 127.900°E / 37.067; 127.900 Ask.comAsk.com (originally known as Ask Jeeves) is a question answering–focused e-business founded in 1996 by Garrett Gruener and David Warthen in Berkeley, California. The original software was implemented by Gary Chevsky, from his own design. Warthen, Chevsky, Justin Grant, and others built the early AskJeeves.com website around that core engine. In the mid-2000s, the "Jeeves" name was dropped and they refocused on the search engine, which had its own algorithm.[3] In late 2010, facing insurmountable competition from more popular search engines like Google, the company outsourced its web search technology and returned to its roots as a question and answer site.[4] Douglas Leeds was elevated from president to CEO in 2010.[5] Ask.com has been criticized for its browser toolbar, which has been accused of behaving like malware due to its bundling with other software and the difficulty of its uninstallation. Three venture capital firms, Highland Capital Partners, Institutional Venture Partners, and The RODA Group were early investors.[6] Ask.com is currently owned by InterActiveCorp (IAC) under the NASDAQ symbol NASDAQ: IAC, and its corporate headquarters are located at 555 City Center, in the Oakland City Center development in downtown Oakland, California. Ask.com was originally known as Ask Jeeves,[7] "Jeeves" being the name of a "gentleman's personal gentleman", or valet, fetching answers to any question asked. The character was named after Bertie Wooster's Valet character Jeeves, in the fictional works of P. G. Wodehouse.[8] The original idea behind Ask Jeeves was to allow users to get answers to questions posed in everyday, natural language, as well as by traditional keyword searching. The current Ask.com still supports this, with support for math, dictionary, and conversion questions. Ask Jeeves launched in beta in mid-April 1997 and fully launched on June 1, 1997.[7] On September 18, 2001, Ask Jeeves acquired Teoma for over $1.5 million.[9] In July 2005, Ask Jeeves was acquired by IAC.[10][11] In February 2006, Jeeves was removed from Ask Jeeves and the search engine rebranded to Ask.[3][10] On June 5, 2007, Ask.com relaunched with a 3D look.[12] On May 16, 2006, Ask implemented a "Binoculars Site Preview" into its search results. On search results pages, the "Binoculars" let searchers have a sneak peek of the page they could visit with a mouse-over activating a pop-up screenshot. In December 2007, Ask released the AskEraser feature,[13] allowing users to opt-out from tracking of search queries and IP and cookie values. They also vowed to erase this data after 18 months if the AskEraser option is not set. HTTP cookies must be enabled for AskEraser to function.[14][15] On July 4, 2008, Ask acquired Lexico Publishing Group, which owns Dictionary.com, Thesaurus.com, and Reference.com.[16][17] In August 2008, Ask launched the Ask Kids search engine designed for children.[11] On July 26, 2010, Ask.com released a closed-beta Q&A service. The service was released to the public on July 29, 2010.[18] Ask.com launched its mobile Q&A app for the iPhone in late 2010.[19] Ask.com now reaches 100 million global users per month[20] through its website with more than 2 million downloads of its flagship mobile app.[21] The company has also released additional apps spun out of its Q&A experience, including Ask Around[22] in 2011 and PollRoll[23] in 2012. In 2010, Ask.com abandoned the search industry, with the loss of 130 search engineering jobs, because it could not compete against more popular search engines such as Google. Earlier in the year, Ask had launched a Q&A community for generating answers from real people as opposed to search algorithms then combined this with its question-and–answer repository, utilizing its extensive history of archived query data to search sites that provide answers to questions people have.[24] To avoid a situation in which no answers were available from its own resources, the company outsourced to an unnamed third-party search provider the comprehensive web search matches that it had gathered itself.[25] Formerly the direct sales engine for Ask.com, Ask Sponsored Listings is no longer available, having merged with Sendori, an operating business of IAC, in 2011.[26] Ask Jeeves, Inc. stock traded on the NASDAQ stock exchange from July 1999 to July 2005, under the ticker symbol ASKJ. In July 2005, the ASKJ ticker was retired upon the acquisition by IAC, valuing at US$1.85 billion. In 2012 Ask.com made two acquisitions as part of a larger strategy to offer more content on the Ask.com website. On July 2, 2012, Ask.com purchased content discovery start-up[27] nRelate, for an undisclosed amount. That was followed by the company's acquisition of expert advice and information site About.com, which closed in September 2012.[28] On August 14, 2014, Ask.com acquired popular social networking website ASKfm, where users can ask other users questions, with the option of anonymity.[29] As of August 14, 2014, Ask.fm had 180 million monthly unique users in more than 150 countries around the world,[30] with its largest user base in the United States.[31] Available on the web and as a mobile app, ASKfm generates an estimated 20,000 questions per minute with approximately 45 percent of its mobile monthly active users logging in daily.[32] To date, the mobile app has been downloaded more than 40 million times.[32] Apostolos Gerasoulis, the co-creator of Ask's Teoma algorithmic search technology, starred in four television advertisements in 2007, extolling the virtues of Ask.com's usefulness for information relevance.[33] A Jeeves balloon appeared in the Macy's Thanksgiving Day Parade through 2000–2004. After a hiatus from mass consumer marketing, Ask returned to TV advertising in the fall of 2011 after refocusing its site on questions and answers.[34] Instead of national advertising, Ask focused on local markets. In the summer of 2012, Ask launched a national cinema campaign,[35] along with other out-of-home tactics in certain markets such as New York and Seattle.[36] As part of a Seattle-based local market effort, Ask.com launched its “You Asked We Answered”[37] campaign in 2012, in which the company “answered” residents' top complaints about living in their city, including easing morning commutes and stadium traffic, as well as keeping the local Parks and Rec department wading pools open. On January 14, 2009, Ask.com became the official sponsor of 2000 NASCAR Sprint Cup Series Champion Bobby Labonte's No. 96 Ford. Ask would become the official search engine of NASCAR.[38] Ask.com was the primary sponsor for the No. 96 for 18 of the first 21 races and had rights to increase this to a total of 29 races that season.[39] The Ask.com car debuted in the 2009 Bud Shootout where it failed to finish the race, but subsequently returned strongly, placing as high as 5th in March 1, 2009 Shelby 427 race at Las Vegas Motor Speedway.[40] Ask.com's foray into NASCAR represented the first instance of its venture into what it calls "Super Verticals".[41] Coordinates: 37°48′13″N 122°16′31″W / 37.80361°N 122.27528°W / 37.80361; -122.27528 Digital marketing Digital marketing is the component of marketing that utilizes internet and online based digital technologies such as desktop computers, mobile phones and other digital media and platforms to promote products and services.[1][2] Its development during the 1990s and 2000s, changed the way brands and businesses use technology for marketing.[3] As digital platforms became increasingly incorporated into marketing plans and everyday life,[4] and as people increasingly use digital devices instead of visiting physical shops,[5][6] Digital marketing campaigns have become prevalent, employing combinations of search engine optimization (SEO), search engine marketing (SEM), content marketing, influencer marketing, content automation, campaign marketing, data-driven marketing, e-commerce marketing, social media marketing, social media optimization, e-mail direct marketing, display advertising, e–books, and optical disks and games have become commonplace. Digital marketing extends to non-Internet channels that provide digital media, such as television, mobile phones (SMS and MMS), callback, and on-hold mobile ring tones.[7] The extension to non-Internet channels differentiates Digital marketing from online marketing.[8] The development of Digital marketing is inseparable from technology development. One of the key points in the start of was in 1971, where Ray Tomlinson sent the very first email and his technology set the platform to allow people to send and receive files through different machines.[9] However, the more recognisable period as being the start of Digital marketing is 1990 as this was where the Archie search engine was created as an index for FTP sites. In the 1980s, the storage capacity of computer was already big enough to store huge volumes of customer information. Companies started choosing online techniques, such as database marketing, rather than limited list broker.[10] These kinds of databases allowed companies to track customers' information more effectively, thus transforming the relationship between buyer and seller. However, the manual process was not as efficient. In the 1990s, the term Digital marketing was first coined,.[11] With the debut of server/client architecture and the popularity of personal computers, the Customer Relationship Management (CRM) applications became a significant factor in marketing technology.[12] Fierce competition forced vendors to include more service into their software, for example, marketing, sales and service applications. Marketers were also able to own huge online customer data by eCRM software after the Internet was born. Companies could update the data of customer needs and obtain the priorities of their experience. This led to the first clickable banner ad being going live in 1994, which was the "You Will" campaign by AT&T and over the first four months of it going live, 44% of all people who saw it clicked on the ad.[13][14] In the 2000s, with increasing numbers of Internet users and the birth of iPhone, customers began searching products and making decisions about their needs online first, instead of consulting a salesperson, which created a new problem for the marketing department of a company.[15] In addition, a survey in 2000 in the United Kingdom found that most retailers had not registered their own domain address.[16] These problems encouraged marketers to find new ways to integrate digital technology into market development. In 2007, marketing automation was developed as a response to the ever evolving marketing climate. Marketing automation is the process by which software is used to automate conventional marketing processes.[17] Marketing automation helped companies segment customers, launch multichannel marketing campaigns, and provide personalized information for customers.[17] However, the speed of its adaptability to consumer devices was not fast enough. Digital marketing became more sophisticated in the 2000s and the 2010s, when[18][19] the proliferation of devices' capable of accessing digital media led to sudden growth.[20] Statistics produced in 2012 and 2013 showed that Digital marketing was still growing.[21][22] With the development of social media in the 2000s, such as LinkedIn, Facebook, YouTube and Twitter, consumers became highly dependent on digital electronics in daily lives. Therefore, they expected a seamless user experience across different channels for searching product's information. The change of customer behavior improved the diversification of marketing technology.[23] Digital marketing is also referred to as 'online marketing', 'internet marketing' or 'web marketing'. The term Digital marketing has grown in popularity over time. In the USA online marketing is still a popular term. In Italy, Digital marketing is referred to as web marketing. Worldwide Digital marketing has become the most common term, especially after the year 2013.[24] Digital media growth was estimated at 4.5 trillion online ads served annually with digital media spend at 48% growth in 2010.[25] An increasing portion of advertising stems from businesses employing Online Behavioural Advertising (OBA) to tailor advertising for internet users, but OBA raises concern of consumer privacy and data protection.[20] To engage customers retailers have shifted from the linear marketing approach of one-way communication to a value exchange model of mutual dialogue and benefit-sharing between provider and consumer.[26] Exchanges are more non-linear, free flowing, and both one-to-many or one-on-one.[6] The spread of information and awareness can occur across numerous channels, such as the blogosphere, YouTube, Facebook, Instagram, Snapchat, Pinterest, and a variety of other platforms. Online communities and social networks allow individuals to easily create content and publicly publish their opinions, experiences, and thoughts and feelings about many topics and products, hyper-accelerating the diffusion of information.[27] The Nielsen Global Connected Commerce Survey conducted interviews in 26 countries to observe how consumers are using the Internet to make shopping decisions in stores and online. Online shoppers are increasingly looking to purchase internationally, with over 50% in the study who purchased online in the last six months stating they bought from an overseas retailer.[28] Using an omni-channel strategy is becoming increasingly important for enterprises who must adapt to the changing expectations of consumers who want ever-more sophisticated offerings throughout the purchasing journey. Omni-channel retailing involves analyzing consumer behavior from a broad perspective, and studying what influences buying habits.[29] Retailers are increasingly focusing on their online presence, including online shops that operate alongside existing store-based outlets. The "endless aisle" within the retail space can lead consumers to purchase products online that fit their needs while retailers do not have to carry the inventory within the physical location of the store. Solely Internet-based retailers are also entering the market; some are establishing corresponding store-based outlets to provide personal services, professional help, and tangible experiences with their products.[30] An omni-channel approach not only benefits consumers but also benefits business bottom line: Research suggests that customers spend more than double when purchasing through an omni-channel retailer as opposed to a single-channel retailer, and are often more loyal. This could be due to the ease of purchase and the wider availability of products.[30] Customers are often researching online and then buying in stores and also browsing in stores and then searching for other options online. Online customer research into products is particularly popular for higher-priced items as well as consumable goods like groceries and makeup. Consumers are increasingly using the Internet to look up product information, compare prices, and search for deals and promotions.[26] There are a number of ways brands can use Digital marketing to benefit their marketing efforts. The use of Digital marketing in the digital era not only allows for brands to market their products and services, but also allows for online customer support through 24/7 services to make customers feel supported and valued. The use of social media interaction allows brands to receive both positive and negative feedback from their customers as well as determining what media platforms work well for them. As such, Digital marketing has become an increased advantage for brands and businesses. It is now common for consumers to post feedback online through social media sources, blogs and websites on their experience with a product or brand.[31] It has become increasingly popular for businesses to use and encourage these conversations through their social media channels to have direct contact with the customers and manage the feedback they receive appropriately. Word of mouth communications and peer-to-peer dialogue often have a greater effect on customers, since they are not sent directly from the company and are therefore not planned. Customers are more likely to trust other customers’ experiences.[27] Examples can be that social media users share food products and meal experiences highlighting certain brands and franchises. This was noted in a study on Instagram, where researchers observed that adolescent Instagram users' posted images of food-related experiences within their social networks, providing free advertising for the products.[32] It is increasingly advantageous for companies to use social media platforms to connect with their customers and create these dialogues and discussions. The potential reach of social media is indicated by the fact that in 2015, each month the Facebook app had more than 126 million average unique users and YouTube had over 97 million average unique users.[33] A key objective is engaging Digital marketing customers and allowing them to interact with the brand through servicing and delivery of digital media. Information is easy to access at a fast rate through the use of digital communications. Users with access to the Internet can use many digital mediums, such as Facebook, YouTube, Forums, and Email etc. Through Digital communications it creates a multi-communication channel where information can be quickly shared around the world by anyone without any regard to who they are.[36] Social segregation plays no part through social mediums due to lack of face to face communication and information being wide spread instead to a selective audience. This interactive nature allows consumers create conversation in which the targeted audience is able to ask questions about the brand and get familiar with it which traditional forms of Marketing may not offer.[37] By using Internet platforms, businesses can create competitive advantage through various means. To reach the maximum potential of Digital marketing, firms use social media as its main tool to create a channel of information. Through this a business can create a system in which they are able to pinpoint behavioral patterns of clients and feedback on their needs.[38] This means of content has shown to have a larger impingement on those who have a long-standing relationship with the firm and with consumers who are relatively active social media users. Relative to this, creating a social media page will further increase relation quality between new consumers and existing consumers as well as consistent brand reinforcement therefore improving brand awareness resulting in a possible rise for consumers up the Brand Awareness Pyramid.[39] Although there may be inconstancy with product images;[40] maintaining a successful social media presence requires a business to be consistent in interactions through creating a two way feed of information; firms consider their content based on the feedback received through this channel, this is a result of the environment being dynamic due to the global nature of the internet.[37] Effective use of Digital marketing can result in relatively lowered costs in relation to traditional means of marketing; Lowered external service costs, advertising costs, promotion costs, processing costs, interface design costs and control costs.[40] Brand awareness has been proven to work with more effectiveness in countries that are high in uncertainty avoidance, also these countries that have uncertainty avoidance; social media marketing works effectively. Yet brands must be careful not to be excessive on the use of this type of marketing, as well as solely relying on it as it may have implications that could negatively harness their image. Brands that represent themselves in an anthropomorphizing manner are more likely to succeed in situations where a brand is marketing to this demographic. "Since social media use can enhance the knowledge of the brand and thus decrease the uncertainty, it is possible that people with high uncertainty avoidance, such as the French, will particularly appreciate the high social media interaction with an anthropomorphized brand." Moreover, digital platform provides an ease to the brand and its customers to interact directly and exchange their motives virtually.[41] One of the major changes that occurred in traditional marketing was the "emergence of Digital marketing" (Patrutiu Baltes, Loredana, 2015), this led to the reinvention of marketing strategies in order to adapt to this major change in traditional marketing (Patrutiu Baltes, Loredana, 2015). As Digital marketing is dependent on technology which is ever-evolving and fast-changing, the same features should be expected from Digital marketing developments and strategies. This portion is an attempt to qualify or segregate the notable highlights existing and being used as of press time.[when?] To summarize, Pull Digital marketing is characterized by consumers actively seeking marketing content while Push Digital marketing occurs when marketers send messages without that content being actively sought by the recipients. An important consideration today while deciding on a strategy is that the digital tools have democratized the promotional landscape. The new digital era has enabled brands to selectively target their customers that may potentially be interested in their brand or based on previous browsing interests. Businesses can now use social media to select the age range, location, gender and interests of whom they would like their targeted post to be seen by. Furthermore, based on a customer's recent search history they can be ‘followed’ on the internet so they see advertisements from similar brands, products and services,[47] This allows businesses to target the specific customers that they know and feel will most benefit from their product or service, something that had limited capabilities up until the digital era. Digital marketing activity is still growing across the world according to the headline global marketing index. A study published in September 2018, found that global outlays on Digital marketing tactics are approaching $100 billion.[48] Digital media continues to rapidly grow; while the marketing budgets are expanding, traditional media is declining (World Economics, 2015).[49] Digital media helps brands reach consumers to engage with their product or service in a personalised way. Five areas, which are outlined as current industry practices that are often ineffective are prioritizing clicks, balancing search and display, understanding mobiles, targeting, viewability, brand safety and invalid traffic, and cross-platform measurement (Whiteside, 2016).[50] Why these practices are ineffective and some ways around making these aspects effective are discussed surrounding the following points. Prioritizing clicks refers to display click ads, although advantageous by being ‘simple, fast and inexpensive’ rates for display ads in 2016 is only 0.10 percent in the United States. This means one in a thousand click ads are relevant therefore having little effect. This displays that marketing companies should not just use click ads to evaluate the effectiveness of display advertisements (Whiteside, 2016).[50] Balancing search and display for digital display ads are important; marketers tend to look at the last search and attribute all of the effectiveness to this. This, in turn, disregards other marketing efforts, which establish brand value within the consumers mind. ComScore determined through drawing on data online, produced by over one hundred multichannel retailers that digital display marketing poses strengths when compared with or positioned alongside, paid search (Whiteside, 2016).[50] This is why it is advised that when someone clicks on a display ad the company opens a landing page, not its home page. A landing page typically has something to draw the customer in to search beyond this page. Things such as free offers that the consumer can obtain through giving the company contact information so that they can use retargeting communication strategies (Square2Marketing, 2012).[51] Commonly marketers see increased sales among people exposed to a search ad. But the fact of how many people you can reach with a display campaign compared to a search campaign should be considered. Multichannel retailers have an increased reach if the display is considered in synergy with search campaigns. Overall both search and display aspects are valued as display campaigns build awareness for the brand so that more people are likely to click on these digital ads when running a search campaign (Whiteside, 2016).[50] Understanding Mobiles: Understanding mobile devices is a significant aspect of Digital marketing because smartphones and tablets are now responsible for 64% of the time US consumers are online (Whiteside, 2016).[50] Apps provide a big opportunity as well as challenge for the marketers because firstly the app needs to be downloaded and secondly the person needs to actually use it. This may be difficult as ‘half the time spent on smartphone apps occurs on the individuals single most used app, and almost 85% of their time on the top four rated apps’ (Whiteside, 2016).[50] Mobile advertising can assist in achieving a variety of commercial objectives and it is effective due to taking over the entire screen, and voice or status is likely to be considered highly; although the message must not be seen or thought of as intrusive (Whiteside, 2016).[50] Disadvantages of digital media used on mobile devices also include limited creative capabilities, and reach. Although there are many positive aspects including the users entitlement to select product information, digital media creating a flexible message platform and there is potential for direct selling (Belch & Belch, 2012).[52] Cross-platform measurement: The number of marketing channels continues to expand, as measurement practices are growing in complexity. A cross-platform view must be used to unify audience measurement and media planning. Market researchers need to understand how the Omni-channel affects consumer's behaviour, although when advertisements are on a consumer's device this does not get measured. Significant aspects to cross-platform measurement involves deduplication and understanding that you have reached an incremental level with another platform, rather than delivering more impressions against people that have previously been reached (Whiteside, 2016).[50] An example is ‘ESPN and comScore partnered on Project Blueprint discovering the sports broadcaster achieved a 21% increase in unduplicated daily reach thanks to digital advertising’ (Whiteside, 2016).[50] Television and radio industries are the electronic media, which competes with digital and other technological advertising. Yet television advertising is not directly competing with online digital advertising due to being able to cross platform with digital technology. Radio also gains power through cross platforms, in online streaming content. Television and radio continue to persuade and affect the audience, across multiple platforms (Fill, Hughes, & De Franceso, 2013).[53] Targeting, viewability, brand safety and invalid traffic: Targeting, viewability, brand safety and invalid traffic all are aspects used by marketers to help advocate digital advertising. Cookies are a form of digital advertising, which are tracking tools within desktop devices; causing difficulty, with shortcomings including deletion by web browsers, the inability to sort between multiple users of a device, inaccurate estimates for unique visitors, overstating reach, understanding frequency, problems with ad servers, which cannot distinguish between when cookies have been deleted and when consumers have not previously been exposed to an ad. Due to the inaccuracies influenced by cookies, demographics in the target market are low and vary (Whiteside, 2016).[50] Another element, which is affected within Digital marketing, is ‘viewabilty’ or whether the ad was actually seen by the consumer. Many ads are not seen by a consumer and may never reach the right demographic segment. Brand safety is another issue of whether or not the ad was produced in the context of being unethical or having offensive content. Recognizing fraud when an ad is exposed is another challenge marketers face. This relates to invalid traffic as premium sites are more effective at detecting fraudulent traffic, although non-premium sites are more so the problem (Whiteside, 2016).[50] Digital marketing Channels are systems based on the Internet that can create, accelerate, and transmit product value from producer to a consumer terminal, through digital networks.[54][55] Digital marketing is facilitated by multiple Digital marketing channels, As an advertiser one's core objective is to find channels which result in maximum two-way communication and a better overall ROI for the brand. There are multiple Digital marketing channels available namely;[56] It is important for a firm to reach out to consumers and create a two-way communication model, as Digital marketing allows consumers to give back feed back to the firm on a community based site or straight directly to the firm via email.[30] Firms should seek this long term communication relationship by using multiple forms of channels and using promotional strategies related to their target consumer as well as word-of mouth marketing.[30] The ICC Code has integrated rules that apply to marketing communications using digital interactive media throughout the guidelines. There is also an entirely updated section dealing with issues specific to digital interactive media techniques and platforms. Code self-regulation on use of digital interactive media includes: Digital marketing planning is a term used in marketing management. It describes the first stage of forming a Digital marketing strategy for the wider Digital marketing system. The difference between digital and traditional marketing planning is that it uses digitally based communication tools and technology such as Social, Web, Mobile, Scannable Surface.[70][71] Nevertheless, both are aligned with the vision, the mission of the company and the overarching business strategy.[72] Using Dr Dave Chaffey's approach, the Digital marketing planning (DMP) has three main stages: Opportunity, Strategy and Action. He suggests that any business looking to implement a successful Digital marketing strategy must structure their plan by looking at opportunity, strategy and action. This generic strategic approach often has phases of situation review, goal setting, strategy formulation, resource allocation and monitoring.[72] To create an effective DMP, a business first needs to review the marketplace and set 'SMART' (Specific, Measurable, Actionable, Relevant and Time-Bound) objectives.[73] They can set SMART objectives by reviewing the current benchmarks and key performance indicators (KPIs) of the company and competitors. It is pertinent that the analytics used for the KPIs be customised to the type, objectives, mission and vision of the company.[74][75] Companies can scan for marketing and sales opportunities by reviewing their own outreach as well as influencer outreach. This means they have competitive advantage because they are able to analyse their co-marketers influence and brand associations.[76] To cease opportunity, the firm should summarize their current customers' personas and purchase journey from this they are able to deduce their Digital marketing capability. This means they need to form a clear picture of where they are currently and how many resources they can allocate for their Digital marketing strategy i.e. labour, time etc. By summarizing the purchase journey, they can also recognise gaps and growth for future marketing opportunities that will either meet objectives or propose new objectives and increase profit. To create a planned digital strategy, the company must review their digital proposition (what you are offering to consumers) and communicate it using digital customer targeting techniques. So, they must define online value proposition (OVP), this means the company must express clearly what they are offering customers online e.g. brand positioning. The company should also (re)select target market segments and personas and define digital targeting approaches. After doing this effectively, it is important to review the marketing mix for online options. The marketing mix comprises the 4Ps – Product, Price, Promotion and Place.[77][78] Some academics have added three additional elements to the traditional 4Ps of marketing Process, Place and Physical appearance making it 7Ps of marketing.[79] The third and final stage requires the firm to set a budget and management systems; these must be measurable touchpoints, such as audience reached across all digital platforms. Furthermore, marketers must ensure the budget and management systems are integrating the paid, owned and earned media of the company.[80] The Action and final stage of planning also requires the company to set in place measurable content creation e.g. oral, visual or written online media.[81] After confirming the Digital marketing plan, a scheduled format of digital communications (e.g. Gantt Chart) should be encoded throughout the internal operations of the company. This ensures that all platforms used fall in line and complement each other for the succeeding stages of Digital marketing strategy. One way marketers can reach out to consumers, and understand their thought process is through what is called an empathy map. An empathy map is a four step process. The first step is through asking questions that the consumer would be thinking in their demographic. The second step is to describe the feelings that the consumer may be having. The third step is to think about what the consumer would say in their situation. The final step is to imagine what the consumer will try to do based on the other three steps. This map is so marketing teams can put themselves in their target demographics shoes.[82] Web Analytics are also a very important way to understand consumers. They show the habits that people have online for each website.[83] One particular form of these analytics is predictive analytics which helps marketers figure out what route consumers are on. This uses the information gathered from other analytics, and then creates different predictions of what people will do so that companies can strategize on what to do next, according to the peoples trends.[84] The "sharing economy" refers to an economic pattern that aims to obtain a resource that is not fully utilized.[87] Nowadays, the sharing economy has had an unimagined effect on many traditional elements including labor, industry, and distribution system.[87] This effect is not negligible that some industries are obviously under threat.[87][88] The sharing economy is influencing the traditional marketing channels by changing the nature of some specific concept including ownership, assets, and recruitment.[88] Digital marketing channels and traditional marketing channels are similar in function that the value of the product or service is passed from the original producer to the end user by a kind of supply chain.[89] Digital marketing channels, however, consist of internet systems that create, promote, and deliver products or services from producer to consumer through digital networks.[90] Increasing changes to marketing channels has been a significant contributor to the expansion and growth of the sharing economy.[90] Such changes to marketing channels has prompted unprecedented and historic growth.[90] In addition to this typical approach, the built-in control, efficiency and low cost of Digital marketing channels is an essential features in the application of sharing economy.[89] Digital marketing channels within the sharing economy are typically divided into three domains including, e-mail, social media, and search engine marketing or SEM.[90] Other emerging Digital marketing channels, particularly branded mobile apps, have excelled in the sharing economy.[90] Branded mobile apps are created specifically to initiate engagement between customers and the company.This engagement is typically facilitated through entertainment, information, or market transaction.[90] MabblyMabbly is a digital branding agency based in Chicago.[2][3] It was founded by Adam Fridman[4] and is currently operating under CEO Hank Ostholthoff.[5] Will Schmidt claims that Adam Fridman is one of the nine entrepreneurs who are improving the way of life in Chicago.[6][7] Mabbly provides digital branding services and consultation for small businesses across the country. As there are different trends in digital market like branding, promoting and strategizing, they give assistance in how to use these trends to flourish business. The digital marketing strategies and services they provide include PR (Public Relations), SEO (Search Engine Optimization), PPC (pay per click), Social Media Management and blogging.[3][8][9][10][11] Mabbly embraces digital branding because of the direction overall business operations have taken over recent years. They launched MeetAdvisors to accommodate their mission. MeetAdvisors is a platform through which entrepreneurs can ask for and provide advice.[12] Mabbly was placed on the 2017 Inc 500 list being one of the fastest growing privately held businesses in the US in 2017.[13] Founder Adam Fridman[14] has discussed at length changing trends in digital marketing. He expressed that it is a challenge to create and market a company in rapidly changing social media landscape. It has become necessary for businesses to employ digital marketing strategies to ensure their survival, noting that the most important strategy to use is SEO. SEO is important because it is integral to the success of other strategies. In today’s world, PR has merged with SEO. Larry Myler, contributing writer at Forbes, claims that Mabbly has reasonable SEO packages which have created a positive impact.[15][16] Adam Fridman has received extensive media coverage due to his ideas regarding marketing strategies for successful businesses, some of which are as follows:[17][18] According to the CGO of Mabbly,[19] Vlad Moldavskiy, Mabbly cultivates a culture in which young entrepreneurs thrive, hiring employees who have a clear vision of the future of digital branding.[20] Mabbly also created a media hub that was inspired by their founder's INC interview with Simon Sinek. Science of Story is a movement to discover and share purpose transformation, from culture to communicating digitally. This focuses on developing a purpose for a companies as whole.[21][22][23] WordPress WordPress (WordPress.org) is a free and open-source content management system (CMS) written in PHP[4] and paired with a MySQL or MariaDB database. Features include a plugin architecture and a template system, referred to within WordPress as Themes. WordPress was originally created as a blog-publishing system but has evolved to support other types of web content including more traditional mailing lists and forums, media galleries, membership sites, learning management systems (LMS) and online stores. WordPress is used by more than 60 million websites,[5] including 33.6% of the top 10 million websites as of April 2019[update],[6][7] WordPress is one of the most popular content management system solutions in use.[8] WordPress has also been used for other application domains such as pervasive display systems (PDS).[9] WordPress was released on May 27, 2003, by its founders, American developer Matt Mullenweg[1] and English developer Mike Little,[10][11] as a fork of b2/cafelog. The software is released under the GPLv2 (or later) license.[12] To function, WordPress has to be installed on a web server, either part of an Internet hosting service like WordPress.com or a computer running the software package WordPress.org in order to serve as a network host in its own right.[13] A local computer may be used for single-user testing and learning purposes. "WordPress is a factory that makes webpages"[14] is a core analogy designed to clarify the functions of WordPress: it stores content and enables a user to create and publish webpages, requiring nothing beyond a domain and a hosting service. WordPress has a web template system using a template processor. Its architecture is a front controller, routing all requests for non-static URIs to a single PHP file which parses the URI and identifies the target page. This allows support for more human-readable permalinks.[15] WordPress users may install and switch among different themes. Themes allow users to change the look and functionality of a WordPress website without altering the core code or site content. Every WordPress website requires at least one theme to be present and every theme should be designed using WordPress standards with structured PHP, valid HTML (HyperText Markup Language), and Cascading Style Sheets (CSS). Themes may be directly installed using the WordPress "Appearance" administration tool in the dashboard, or theme folders may be copied directly into the themes directory, for example via FTP.[16] The PHP, HTML and CSS found in themes can be directly modified to alter theme behavior, or a theme can be a "child" theme that inherits settings from another theme and selectively overrides features.[17] WordPress themes are generally classified into two categories: free and premium. Many free themes are listed in the WordPress theme directory (also known as the repository), and premium themes are available for purchase from marketplaces and individual WordPress developers. WordPress users may also create and develop their own custom themes. The free theme Underscores created by the WordPress developers has become a popular basis for new themes.[18] WordPress' plugin architecture allows users to extend the features and functionality of a website or blog. As of January 2020, WordPress.org has 55,487 plugins available,[19] each of which offers custom functions and features enabling users to tailor their sites to their specific needs. However, this does not include the premium plugins that are available (approximately 1,500+), which may not be listed in the WordPress.org repository. These customizations range from search engine optimization (SEO), to client portals used to display private information to logged in users, to content management systems, to content displaying features, such as the addition of widgets and navigation bars. Not all available plugins are always abreast with the upgrades and as a result they may not function properly or may not function at all. Most plugins are available through WordPress themselves, either via downloading them and installing the files manually via FTP or through the WordPress dashboard. However, many third parties offer plugins through their own websites, many of which are paid packages. Web developers who wish to develop plugins need to learn WordPress' hook system which consists of over 300 hooks divided into two categories: action hooks and filter hooks. Phone apps for WordPress exist for WebOS,[20] Android,[21] iOS (iPhone, iPod Touch, iPad),[22][23] Windows Phone, and BlackBerry.[24] These applications, designed by Automattic, have options such as adding new blog posts and pages, commenting, moderating comments, replying to comments in addition to the ability to view the stats.[22][23] The WordPress Accessibility Team has worked to improve the accessibility for core WordPress as well as support a clear identification of accessible themes.[25] The WordPress Accessibility Team provides continuing educational support about web accessibility and inclusive design. The WordPress Accessibility Coding Standards state that "All new or updated code released in WordPress must conform with the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines 2.0 at level AA."[26] WordPress also features integrated link management; a search engine–friendly, clean permalink structure; the ability to assign multiple categories to posts; and support for tagging of posts. Automatic filters are also included, providing standardized formatting and styling of text in posts (for example, converting regular quotes to smart quotes). WordPress also supports the Trackback and Pingback standards for displaying links to other sites that have themselves linked to a post or an article. WordPress posts can be edited in HTML, using the visual editor, or using one of a number of plugins that allow for a variety of customized editing features. Prior to version 3, WordPress supported one blog per installation, although multiple concurrent copies may be run from different directories if configured to use separate database tables. WordPress Multisites (previously referred to as WordPress Multi-User, WordPress MU, or WPMU) was a fork of WordPress created to allow multiple blogs to exist within one installation but is able to be administered by a centralized maintainer. WordPress MU makes it possible for those with websites to host their own blogging communities, as well as control and moderate all the blogs from a single dashboard. WordPress MS adds eight new data tables for each blog. As of the release of WordPress 3, WordPress MU has merged with WordPress.[27] b2/cafelog, more commonly known as b2 or cafelog, was the precursor to WordPress.[28] b2/cafelog was estimated to have been installed on approximately 2,000 blogs as of May 2003.[29] It was written in PHP for use with MySQL by Michel Valdrighi, who is now a contributing developer to WordPress. Although WordPress is the official successor, another project, b2evolution, is also in active development. WordPress first appeared in 2003 as a joint effort between Matt Mullenweg and Mike Little to create a fork of b2.[30] Christine Selleck Tremoulet, a friend of Mullenweg, suggested the name WordPress.[31][32] In 2004 the licensing terms for the competing Movable Type package were changed by Six Apart, resulting in many of its most influential users migrating to WordPress.[33][34] By October 2009 the Open Source CMS MarketShare Report concluded that WordPress enjoyed the greatest brand strength of any open-source content management system. As of June 2019, WordPress is used by 60.8% of all the websites whose content management system is known. This is 27.5% of the top 10 million websites.[6][35] Main releases of WordPress are codenamed after well-known jazz musicians, starting from version 1.0.[41][42] The December 2018 release of WordPress 5.0, "Bebo", is named in homage to the pioneering Cuban jazz musician Bebo Valdés.[87] It included a new default editor "Gutenberg" – a block-based editor; it allows users to modify their displayed content in a much more user friendly way than prior iterations. Blocks are abstract units of markup that, composed together, form the content or layout of a web page.[88] Past content that was created on WordPress pages is listed under what is referred to as a Classic Block.[89] Prior to Gutenberg, there were several block-based editors available as WordPress plugins, e.g. Elementor, and following the release of Gutenberg it was compared to existing plugins.[90][91] The Classic Editor Plugin was created as result of User preferences & as a way to help website developers to maintain past plugins only compatible with WordPress 4.9.8 giving plugin developers time to get their plugins updated & compatible with the 5.0 release. Having the Classic Editor plugin installed restores the "classic" editing experience that WordPress has had up until the WordPress 5.0 release.[92] The Classic Editor Plugin will be supported at least until 2022.[93] The Classic Editor plugin is active on over 5,000,000 installations of WordPress.[94] Matt Mullenweg has stated that the future of WordPress is in social, mobile, and as an application platform.[95][96] Many security issues[97] have been uncovered in the software, particularly in 2007, 2008, and 2015. According to Secunia, WordPress in April 2009 had seven unpatched security advisories (out of 32 total), with a maximum rating of "Less Critical". Secunia maintains an up-to-date list of WordPress vulnerabilities.[98] In January 2007, many high-profile search engine optimization (SEO) blogs, as well as many low-profile commercial blogs featuring AdSense, were targeted and attacked with a WordPress exploit.[99] A separate vulnerability on one of the project site's web servers allowed an attacker to introduce exploitable code in the form of a back door to some downloads of WordPress 2.1.1. The 2.1.2 release addressed this issue; an advisory released at the time advised all users to upgrade immediately.[100] In May 2007, a study revealed that 98% of WordPress blogs being run were exploitable because they were running outdated and unsupported versions of the software.[101] In part to mitigate this problem, WordPress made updating the software a much easier, "one click" automated process in version 2.7 (released in December 2008).[102] However, the filesystem security settings required to enable the update process can be an additional risk.[103] In a June 2007 interview, Stefan Esser, the founder of the PHP Security Response Team, spoke critically of WordPress' security track record, citing problems with the application's architecture that made it unnecessarily difficult to write code that is secure from SQL injection vulnerabilities, as well as some other problems.[104] In June 2013, it was found that some of the 50 most downloaded WordPress plugins were vulnerable to common Web attacks such as SQL injection and XSS. A separate inspection of the top-10 e-commerce plugins showed that seven of them were vulnerable.[105] In an effort to promote better security, and to streamline the update experience overall, automatic background updates were introduced in WordPress 3.7.[106] Individual installations of WordPress can be protected with security plugins that prevent user enumeration, hide resources and thwart probes. Users can also protect their WordPress installations by taking steps such as keeping all WordPress installation, themes, and plugins updated, using only trusted themes and plugins,[107] editing the site's .htaccess configuration file if supported by the web server to prevent many types of SQL injection attacks and block unauthorized access to sensitive files. It is especially important to keep WordPress plugins updated because would-be hackers can easily list all the plugins a site uses, and then run scans searching for any vulnerabilities against those plugins. If vulnerabilities are found, they may be exploited to allow hackers to, for example, upload their own files (such as a web shell) that collect sensitive information. Developers can also use tools to analyze potential vulnerabilities, including WPScan, WordPress Auditor and WordPress Sploit Framework developed by 0pc0deFR. These types of tools research known vulnerabilities, such as a CSRF, LFI, RFI, XSS, SQL injection and user enumeration. However, not all vulnerabilities can be detected by tools, so it is advisable to check the code of plugins, themes and other add-ins from other developers. In March 2015, it was reported by many security experts and SEOs, including Search Engine Land, that a SEO plugin for WordPress called Yoast which is used by more than 14 million users worldwide has a vulnerability which can lead to an exploit where hackers can do a Blind SQL injection.[108][109] To fix that issue they immediately introduced a newer version 1.7.4 of the same plugin to avoid any disturbance on web because of the security lapse that the plugin had.[110] In January 2017, security auditors at Sucuri identified a vulnerability in the WordPress REST API that would allow any unauthenticated user to modify any post or page within a site running WordPress 4.7 or greater. The auditors quietly notified WordPress developers, and within six days WordPress released a high priority patch to version 4.7.2 which addressed the problem.[111][112] As of WordPress 5.2, the minimum PHP version requirement is PHP 5.6,[113] which was released on August 28, 2014,[114] and which has been unsupported by the PHP Group and not received any security patches since December 31, 2018.[114] Thus, WordPress recommends using PHP version 7.3 or greater.[113] In the absence of specific alterations to their default formatting code, WordPress-based websites use the canvas element to detect whether the browser is able to correctly render emoji. Because Tor Browser does not currently discriminate between this legitimate use of the Canvas API and an effort to perform canvas fingerprinting, it warns that the website is attempting to 'extract HTML5 canvas image data'. Ongoing efforts seek workarounds to reassure privacy advocates while retaining the ability to check for proper emoji rendering capability.[115] Matt Mullenweg and Mike Little were co-founders of the project. The core lead developers include Helen Hou-Sandí, Dion Hulse, Mark Jaquith, Matt Mullenweg, Andrew Ozz, and Andrew Nacin.[116][117] WordPress is also developed by its community, including WP testers, a group of volunteers who test each release. They have early access to nightly builds, beta versions and release candidates. Errors are documented in a special mailing list or the project's Trac tool. Though largely developed by the community surrounding it, WordPress is closely associated with Automattic, the company founded by Matt Mullenweg.[118] On September 9, 2010, Automattic handed the WordPress trademark to the newly created WordPress Foundation, which is an umbrella organization supporting WordPress.org (including the software and archives for plugins and themes), bbPress and BuddyPress. WordCamps are casual, locally organized conferences covering everything related to WordPress.[119] The first such event was WordCamp 2006 in August 2006 in San Francisco, which lasted one day and had over 500 attendees.[120][121] The first WordCamp outside San Francisco was held in Beijing in September 2007.[122] Since then, there have been over 1,022 WordCamps in over 75 cities in 65 different countries around the world.[119] WordCamp San Francisco 2014 was the last official annual conference of WordPress developers and users taking place in San Francisco, having now been replaced with WordCamp US.[123] First ran in 2013 as WordCamp Europe, regional WordCamps in other geographical regions are held with the aim of connecting people who aren't already active in their local communities and inspire attendees to start user communities in their hometowns.[124] In 2019, the Nordic region had its own WordCamp Nordic.[125][126] The first WordCamp Asia was to be held in 2020,[127] but cancelled due to the 2019–20 coronavirus pandemic.[128] WordPress' primary support website is WordPress.org. This support website hosts both WordPress Codex, the online manual for WordPress and a living repository for WordPress information and documentation,[129] and WordPress Forums, an active online community of WordPress users.[130] Arthdal ChroniclesArthdal Chronicles[3] (Korean: 아스달 연대기; RR: Aseudal yeondaegi) is a 2019 South Korean television series directed by Kim Won-seok written by Kim Young-hyun and Park Sang-yeon, starring Jang Dong-gun, Song Joong-ki, Kim Ji-won and Kim Ok-vin.[4][5][6][7] The series aired every Saturday and Sunday on tvN at 21:00 (KST) starting from June 1, 2019.[8][9][10] It premiered internationally on Netflix.[11][12] The series was renewed for a second season.[13] In a mythical land called Arth, the inhabitants of the ancient city of Arthdal contend with power struggles, while some encounter love along the way. Eun-seom goes through hardships to bring his tribe back to life and learns of his true origins in the process.[14][15] The cast and crew attended a workshop in Yangju, Gyeonggi-do, on August 21, 2018.[34] The first script read was held on August 26, 2018.[35] Filming officially started on December 5, 2018 with the opening ceremony of the set, whose construction took place for eight months.[36] The drama was filmed overseas in Brunei. Song Joong-ki went first on February 24, 2019.[37] The drama serves as a reunion project for Song Joong-ki and Kim Ji-won who both starred in the 2016 hit drama Descendants of the Sun.[5] The drama received mixed reviews. It was criticized by Game of Thrones fans for sharing similarities with that series, while critics felt that it employs poor use of CGI, has a formulaic plot, is similar to other foreign fantasy dramas and films centered on ancient times, and has a slow-paced storyline, which can make viewers lose interest.[38][39] Viewers were also bewildered by the historical setting, as the drama is set in the Bronze Age but cast members are seen wearing armors and weapons that do not belong to that era.[40] Conversely, the drama was praised for its intriguing storyline and unique setting, touching on subjects like the meaning of a tribe, an alliance and a nation, as well as religion.[40] Writer Park Sang-yeon said, "I wouldn't even think of comparing our series to [Game of Thrones] and I don't think our goal is to create something similar... I wouldn't try to claim to do anything similar to the show and I don't think it's an appropriate comparison." He added, "We tried to create a great series by building a fictitious world of our own with our imagination and I hope you see our series as it is."[41] Although John Serba of Decider.com gave the series a "Skip It" rating, he said, "Arthdal occurs in a more primitive time than [Game of Thrones], and appears to be set up to explore different ideas about the human creature and its thirst for power and possessions." He said that the show further differentiates itself from Game of Thrones by its absence of nudity and sex scenes.[42] Forbes contributor Joan MacDonald said, "Stunning camera work makes The Arthdal Chronicles a visual pleasure to watch, capturing sweeping panoramas that place fledgeling humans in the context of a wide world waiting to be explored—and possibly conquered."[43] The series received lower-than-expected viewership ratings, in comparison to its massive budget,[44][45] but the first episode received ratings of 6.7 percent and peaked at 8 percent, placing it first for all dramas in its time slot, including non-cable broadcasting stations.[46] It achieved a ratings high on June 9, with its fourth episode, scoring an average rating of 7.7 percent nationwide, which was an increase of 1.3 percent from the night before. The episode peaked at 8.9 percent nationwide.[47] The production team was criticized for mistreatment of its production staff. The production team was accused of violating labor laws from local civic groups, including the Seoul-based Hanbit Media Labor Rights Center and Hope Solidarity Labor Union, as the drama crew had been subject to a "murderous" working environment that made them work up to 150 hours a week.[48] The organizations reported Studio Dragon to the Seoul Employment and Labor Administration. The standards were agreed upon and announced by the studio last September to enhance the labor environment of its staff.[38][49] Studio Dragon responded to the allegations, saying they abided by its own labor rules, but admitted that they had filmed for 113 hours during the week they went to Brunei in order to make the most out of their time shooting overseas. The studio denied reports that an injured staff member was ignored and told to continue working.[50][38][51] In this table, the blue numbers represent the lowest ratings and the red numbers represent the highest ratings. the best ways to start local seoFocusing on local SEO has become quite essential and you need to have a good local SEO campaign for your business website. Having a local SEO strategy will help you to bring traffic to your locally based business. Hire a SEO expert who can help you to achieve success in the local market.Local SEO is quite essential to capture nearby consumers who might be trying to find products and services offered by you.�By optimising the site, together with your company’s listings on websites (like Google My Business), you'll be able to attain online visibility in search engine results page when a consumer is seeking the services you offer. Without Local SEO, your competitors will score and you’ll be nowhere in competition.�Look at the significant role of local SEO nowadays: �����There are plenty of things that go into local search engine marketing results. A great part of these are reviewed in the straightforward local search engine marketing checklist, so here’s a summary of many critical factors to help you become successful in Local market.�To know more local SEO Tips, you can read our blog posts: “Boost Your Local SEO Campaign with These Excellent Tips” .��Whilst Google+ could possibly be rumoured to be useless, the reality is that it’s simply not correct. Your Google My Business company profile, and especially its associated reviews, becomes visible often when users perform regional queries.�The easiest way to improve and increase your nearby search engine optimisation with Google My Business would be to update it with details about your business and get a personalized URL. The details will turn out to be the Meta description from the search results. Provide the details you believe precisely signify your company.�It’s good to confirm your contact info, including your business email and site, as this helps in establishing authority. Your organization name needs to be what consumers know you as commonly and would seek for you by the same name. It’s vital local search engine marketing to employ your exact address and other details. Make sure that your website has a proper listing on Google Maps. �One more advantage of having a Google My business page becomes more obvious. Take a look at the image below.���Reviews are excellent to spice up clarity for your online business, and opinions motivate promotion. Majority of people are relying on reviews to get a better idea about the product or services they’re about to purchase. Getting positive reviews is an important part of the Google+ method.�Additionally it is vital that you define categories so you appear appropriately on search engine results, and list the hours you provide services. Lastly, make sure to include things like an image to make your Google My Business web page look more professional.���“NAP” means your company’s Name, Address and phone details. Providing NAP data d on external websites, which include directories and sites related to your industry, is crucial for local SEO strategy. Every mention of your organization on the net is called a “citation,” and you should simply get maximum citations possible.�How can you make this happen successfully? Remember, it’s all about consistency. Be clear that your name, address, and contact number are precise at every place you’re doing promotion. Don’t add excess keywords in the identity of your business, so let it be more about what people recognise you with.��Reviews can simply make or break your company. No matter whether you’re on Facebook, Google+, Yahoo, or, you getting people’s opinions someday and they better be positive in nature.�Among the finest stuff you can perform for your business enterprise is to stay active about customer support for both detrimental and optimistic responses. This creates an optimistic impression about your business among the consumers. It shows that you care about the need of consumers, if you thank them for a positive response and apologise for a bad experience.��Mobile-friendliness is a must have nowadays. Almost 75% of searches on Smartphone result in offline purchases. If your site isn’t good enough to manage mobile website traffic, then that’s something you should have fixed long before.�You can use Google mobile-friendly test to determine whether your business website renders to the need of Smartphone users or not.�If it doesn’t appear good, then you must get responsive design as soon as possible. Even Google has rolled out an update in April (Mobilegeddon) �that punishes all the websites that don’t have a proper responsive design. So, if you want to stay in Google’s good books then go for responsive design.how to build your offline business with online local directoriesBonnie Jo Davis submits and manages offline business listings to local internet directories. She is a published author, expert in article marketing, and feels comfortable working in a virtual environment.� If you need help getting your business into local directories visit http://local-map-listings.com/services-2/local-directory-submission for more information.heart ear eye mind mouth local seo exercises for your least technical clientsIt is important to choose a marketer who is fully invested and dedicated in marketing and the work he does. There are plethoras of different ways than just technical techniques to target your customer...It is important to choose a marketer who is fully invested and dedicated in marketing and the work he does. There are plethoras of different ways than just technical techniques to target your customers, in order to deeply connect with your customers it is important for you to have your heart, eyes, ear, mind and mouth targeted towards the aim. They are known as five simple meditation techniques that serves as a complimentary way to SEO, UTRs, UPS. Having these five simple meditation techniques incorporated in your business can help digital marketers connect and relate with the customers even better.Heart It is extremely vital for the�digital marketing company in UK�to have their heart in the right place at the right time, so that they can serve sincerely and dedicatedly. Customers are very sensitive and can sense if marketers are being sincere and honest and dedicated with the work, it is their dedication and sincerity which strikes customers attention. Having said so, if these attributes are found, customers tend to stay loyal and spread positive word of mouth about the company. In order to do so, it is important to create such an environment and culture which empowers its employees, fairly treats and represents the products, does not indulge in any inappropriate action and lastly by giving back to the community by contributing in community service. Therefore, digtal marketer needs to be mindful about having these factors in mind when devising a technique. Ear For any business, it is very important to know where they actually stand in the eyes of the customers and this achieved when they hear out the demands, requirements and complaints of the customers. In order to do so, it is important to have continuous customer engagement, to analyze the conversations with the customers, ask them to fill surveys and rate your customer service and lastly, reading reviews and ratings given by the customers on different social media platforms, for example, Facebook, Twitter etc. A keen marketer will divide the customers based on the requirements and attributes, organize them and analyze each group formed. Eyes It is important to evaluate all the factors that may prove to be beneficial for your business and leave no stone unturned. Eyes play an important role in it as it helps you in analyzing what are the prime locations that are preferred by customers, where majority of competitors have their physical store open, which area has more foot fall, in regard to customers, and which area gives in more return on investment. �� Mind Just like the eyes, ears and heart it is important for the mind to be customer centric too. Customers are the only valuable assets that keep your business going, therefore it is extremely important to keep thinking of ideas to engage and surprise your customers. This in turn will prove to be beneficial and help you maintain a long term profitable relationship with your customers. Mouth Word of mouth spreads faster than fire, it is important that customers have positive word of mouth related to your business. This can be done by organizing live chats, interview sessions, lucky draws, taking the help of bloggers and by providing giveaways. The sole purpose to do so is to have more and more people talk about your company. are you trying to find a trade expert here is how you choose from local tradesmenFirst of all, when the internet was not so much in use people used to find it really tough to find a trade expert. In smaller towns and cities there would be one or two of these professionals and they would always be busy. People had to almost lay ambushes to get hold of the local tradesmen. how to become an expert fingerprint examinerOne needs to undergo intensive training program and cover some of the major subjects which can be beneficial in case studies. One should contact the local agency or professional agent to have some useful guidance to become an expert fingerprint technician.Fingerprint technicians are the experts who help in solving crimes by collecting the finger print samples at the crime scene. By collecting the fingerprint samples, it becomes quite easy for them to solve any type of crime very easily. The technicians use different types of technological enhancements and chemicals to read the ridge impressions of known suspects. The fingerprint experts need to arrange detailed reports which they have collected from the crime scenes. The experts also need to appear in the courts as expert witness. The fingerprint technicians are hired by several agencies, like FBI, police agencies and other detective agencies. The salary of these technicians is also quite satisfactory with good thrill and action. There are some effective ways to become an expert fingerprint technician and these tips will really help in achieving good results.It is quite difficult to become a fingerprint expert but if the plan is focused one can easily choose the best college or institute for this course. One needs to gather huge amount of information before applying for the job. Here are some of the important points which one should remember before applying for fingerprint technician.Contact Local PoliceIf someone really wants to enter into this career, he just needs to contact the local police department for the informal communication with their fingerprint experts. It is obvious that every police department will have their own fingerprint experts, so this is the easiest way to approach any experienced technician. Ask them, if there is any question; enquire the educational requirements, any entrance exam or any experience needed to apply to become a finger print expert. They can provide accurate information about applying and requirements to become a fingerprint expert.CoursesOne can do little research about the colleges or institutes on internet that provide courses in fingerprint technology. Of course, there are several institutes which provide the best courses in this field. Look out for the local agencies and contact them. Several agencies provide the training at their own base and train them with all the advanced tools and latest strategies involved. Select any bachelor course but consider the reputation and staff of college. It will always be better if there is experienced staff as they can guide much effectively.Consider IAI TrainingJust go to the website of IAI, International Association of Identification which provides the certifications and training to the interested candidates. However, the certifications offered by them are usually given to experienced people but one can collect some really good information which can be further advantageous for the candidate.ExperienceExperience is the main factor which plays crucial role in becoming a fingerprint technician. There are several agencies or organizations available which provide intensive training to interested candidates. Contact the officials who are involved in the area and gather as much information as possible.So, the above are the important tips that can be beneficial in providing the accurate information on how to become an expert fingerprint technician. One should follow these measures to get improved results.growing grassThe local landscape supply in Santa Cruz, CA will be able to also provide you with fertilizers and additives that can assist your yard in growing. Either way, getting the tools and products you need for your lawn to be beautiful is not that difficult when you have a local gardening expert to guide you through what is necessary.� write for your local newspaper and magazine and become the expert in your fieldMany people out there want to start web pages, but they need no idea how to break in to the idea of being taken seriously as an expert in their field.where to enjoy authentic local cuisine in dubrovnikExperience authentic local cuisine in and around Dubrovnik with these four recommendations by John Dixon, Croatia expert at Prestige Holidays.�With a seaside location and a history of maritime trade, it’s no wonder much of Dubrovnik’s local cuisine includes freshly caught fish and seafood, grilled with local olive oil, garlic and lemon. Italian influences can be experienced as well, with many pasta and risotto dishes, often served with a squid ink sauce.Many of Dubrovnik’s local resto’s also serve oysters that have been freshly farmed from an oyster bed located 60km from shore. And if desserts are your thing, you will need to try Dubrovniks’ most famous dessert, cr�me caramel pudding, known locally as Dubrova ki Rozata...Whatever your gastronomic preferences, you will not be disappointed in the local cuisine of Dubrovnik, or the number of quality establishments to enjoy a wonderful meal. Here are four I recommend.Lokanda PeskerijaA popular seafood restaurant located in the old harbour along the city walls, Lokanda Peskerija offers a limited but authentic Croatian menu amongst a rustic vibe. Popular menu items include traditional local cuisine favourites such as calamari, grilled prawns, mussels in wine sauce, cuttlefish risotto, and octopus salad, all served in small pots. Try to grab a table on the terrace under an umbrella for views of the harbour.Villa RuzaLocated on the small, quiet island of Kolocep, Villa Ruza has an easy, laid-back atmosphere and is accessible by taxi boat. The sunset views can’t be beat and the restaurant will even provide guests with blankets on cool evenings.Popular is the grilled “catch of the day” fish fillet and freshly-baked bread. You may also want to start your meal with a choice of smoked swordfish carpaccio with crushed pepper, marinated zucchini, tempura prawns or the beef tagliatelle pasta with truffles. Delicious!Restaurant KominLocated a little outside the old town and opposite the Valamar President Hotel is Restaurant Komin, a traditional Croatian restaurant. Serving simple but hearty local cuisine, the charm of this restaurant rests in the open grill in the middle of the eatery. Choose grilled lobster, lamb, or fish with veggies roasted on the grill and you will not be disappointed.If you’re not in a hurry, order Peka – a Croatian tradition of cooking food slowly in a shallow but wide dish with a terracotta or metal lid over burning wood embers for several hours, producing a flavour like none other. Request a seat on the terrace, as the parkland makes for a lovely setting for dining outdoors.PantarulLocated outside of the old city, it’s no secret that Pantarul is one of the most popular restaurants for authentic local cuisine and attentive service. Reservations are not only recommended, they are a necessity and should be made well in advance.The fillet of beef is a favourite, as are the scallops, calamari risotto, and tuna dishes. You can even order a fried chicken starter dish with garlic mashed potatoes – something a little different than the usual Mediterranean fare popular to the area.With so many delicious options to choose from, however, you may want to opt for the tasting menu, and be treated with a variety of small dishes and wine pairings sure to please every palate.expert envyExperts have become omnipresent. Being the Expert is one of the most efficient, effective ways to ensure professional & financial success. It�s obvious to see the benefits inherent in Being the Expert, it's not always clear how one comes to be recognized as the Expert. This can lead to a condition known as expert envy�local seo recommendations for your local businessIn case your clientele are all local, then you should choose local SEO to organic SEO. Local SEO is a myriad of tactics that are as used by website owners to be able to compete pertaining to top searc...In case your clientele are all local, then you should choose local SEO to organic SEO. Local SEO is a myriad of tactics that are as used by website owners to be able to compete pertaining to top search positions pertaining to regional queries inside their business area for pertaining to distinct key phrases in connection with their own products.For Instance: If you’re a health care provider inside Cardiff, your clientele will probably include mainly people through the town associated with Cardiff not through the UK as a whole. Google, with launch of Local SEO algorithms make it clear that local organization have a very exclusive area and it is not really within global SEO. They need to move their own initiatives to pay attention to local SEO as an alternative.Local SEO can turn the tables for any regional company. When you’re seeking to develop a big customer base, you will need to get a reliable regional SEO company that could handle your online business needs. When your website demonstrates in search results pertaining to various other cities, then those particulars are pretty much wasted mainly because these visitors won’t convert to actual sales after all. Is it doesn't regional customers you need, this new method could seriously help you very easily cash in as well as develop a far better clientele.When you’re a company, Local SEO works healthier, instead of multinationals. It will definitely boost the reputation of the company, get consumer opinions as well as feedback at no cost and aid new potential customers discover you very easily. When you initially begin regional web optimization, your primary focus has to be less used keywords which are longer, often called long-tail keywords in the industry. Most of these key phrases can be very easily positioned and can begin getting a trickle associated with targeted traffic very easily with no considerably efforts. Once you got these out of the way, you can concentrate on more profitable, more challenging keywords. Although these kind of keywords will require effort and time, the particular delay is normally rewarded with leads as well as income.For local SEO to work through while you plan, your internet site should be optimized on the hilt pertaining to Google to recognize your location positioned and the characteristics as well as scope associated with products and services you offer. The neighborhood portion of your online business and that is the city or the area should be present within the URL of your website, the website title or in content and if possible, in all of them. That ensures highest presence. When you seek the services of a local SEO company, be sure to discuss it to recognize their targets for your organization and the endeavors they ready to set up. Quite a few advertisements fade away in to the dark without any income or perhaps lead to because there was absolutely no plan associated with execution.One more important factor is the main search term, which can be as part of the company name pertaining to web marketing requirements. While name might sound general, it will provide you with an improved go start than your competitors have experienced and can allow you to get leads as well as income swifter than other people. One example is, when you’re the bakery inside Cardiff named Bartholomew, you may have websites name as Bartholomew Bakery Cardiff. The particular name appears to be general, yet will help you greatly since you grow your local SEO initiatives. This is a highly effective, innovative SEARCH ENGINE MARKETING tactic that is disregarded largely, and will probably be your secret weapon in order to monopolize your own ratings in your area.Your website can also perform well by having your name, address or contact number, NAP once we call it in the industry on every web page, inserted easily for a location very easily noticeable to your customers. That is beneficial, both via an SEO standpoint as well as through the client’s. You buyer cannot should fidget over the website to find a way to get in touch with you and Google must all times be referenced to your physical address and contact number so that it appreciates whom to related the particular contents from the web page to. The absolute right place for this info was in the header or the footer, the former being preferable. Your address helps create trust with the end user. What number of times have you seen an office address displaying on every webpage of the website? That is something that end user need to have and when you supply, aids these individuals consider you. When you’re ready to have a move additional, you may also use a Google Map inserted with all your location within it which in turn furthers your cause and helps your potential customers very easily locate your region.Modern Psychology describes that the customer experiences a range of diverse stages before actually generating a purchase. You’ll have to make sure to target potential buyers inside appropriate step. Your key phrases should be very carefully chosen to acquire simply those users who are interested in buying the particular offerings that you are advertising. Window buying will be widespread on the internet far too, as well as you’ll not really enjoy having those types of website visitors aimed at your website. To search concerning this, put oneself inside customer’s shoes or boots as well as imagine exactly what they’d look for when they were seeking your products and services. That is procedure for reduction. Rooting available the particular wasted key phrases can easily greatly raise your income as well as decrease your initiatives at the same time. This is often a have to and can simply be achieved by means of you, who may have heavy information straight into your industry.Most of these responsibilities usually are time-taking and should be completed by means of a professional. Be sure to seek the services of a local SEO company�associated with repute with more information on customers who’ve viewed achievement inside their campaigns. The simplest way is usually to discuss around with your town and enquire pertaining to references via people who’ve profited via regional SEO and possess viewed numerous customers becoming known from their on-line existence.While above things don’t fully include the particular internal associated with local SEO, they are a fantastic kick off and surely make many income to encourage you to definitely plunge inside even more. Put into practice these kinds of things effectively and find out your clientele increase, slowly yet absolutely.breaking seo myths part one the seo expertHow do you know if you are dealing with an SEO expert? What are their credentials? How do you discern between the expert and the expert fake? be the expert the key to creating high level visibility and attracting all the clients you needAre you an expert? Many coaches don't believe they are. If you're not bought in, neither will your prospects be. Claim yourself as the expert you are. Then the people who are looking for an expert for their particular challenge will be beating down your door.what are the best ways to locate a security management professional that is well pricedThere is a range of different ways to find a security management expert, you could open the yellow pages, look in the local paper or a security management expert may have been recommended to you by a friend or family member.local seo factors that you should not ignoreThere are a lot of features one has to think about when opting their site for Local SEO. Unlike the classic one that we all know of, Local SEO takes your business into a smaller but much more specific scale of online exposure - in your local area to be more precise.There are similarities, however there are also differences. Below are some of the important factors that you need to know about in regards to Local SEO.1.�Location of BusinessWhere your business is geographically located is one of the most important aspects of your Local SEO. Preferably, it should be near a city because of Google’s centroid bias - the nearer a business is in the center of a city, the bigger the chances of it showing up on the local search for that particular place.Your business could potentially come out of the searches even if the user doesn't specify an address - Google can track where they’re doing the search and it will suggest the nearest available places to the user. However, these can only be achieved if you have properly supplied Google with your business’ specific address via its Google+ Local page.2.�Putting Your Address on Your Site and NAPYour site needs to be opted for Local SEO as well. The first thing you can do is to put your local address of your business to your domain name. You will also need to put it on your site’s Title and Description tags. And then you can start putting NAP on your site pages. NAP stands for your business Name, Address, and Phone number.Your NAP has to be placed in that exact order, at ALL times. put it in a conspicuous area in your homepage as well as on the other pages of your site.3.�Citations on Authoritative Local DirectoriesNow this is where you get to use your NAP - by having online directories catalogue them. These are called citations and you need them to increase your standing in the local listings. There are a bunch of online local directories out there. First start from the most credible ones like Google, Yahoo and Bing and then go from there.A precaution when doing your citations - always be consistent with your NAP. Failure in doing so could result in Google showing wrong information regarding your business (e.g it’s location, name or phone number)4.�Link BuildingOne of the major points where classic SEO and Local SEO�converge is Link Building. In Local SEO you’ll need to do a lot of organic inbound links from credible sites. There are ways that you can earn them. You can hold local events and invite bloggers near your area - you can also hold free giveaway events.There are a lot to mention but in a nutshell, the best way to gain local inbound links is to open up to everyone in your local area. Build a good relationship with everyone by providing them with great services and offers, and they will hopefully link back to you and talk about you to their friends..5.�Client ReviewsTo see how useful the service you’re providing to everyone is, you need to provide them a space where they could comment or review on it. Sometimes those spaces are provided for you (like in your Google+ Places for instance). These are important as it’ll let you see how transparent your services are to them - of course you need to reply to these reviews no matter how negative they may be.Another precaution - never put in fake reviews. You need to earn them the honest and hard-earned way. Using a shortcut method like that could end up having your site penalized by Google. If you’re faking a review in a 3rd party site, then your business might end up being completely removed from their database.6.�Social Media PromotionLet’s admit to a single truth about our business - we want it to get its needed exposure. We want everyone to notice it. Aside from doing what Google wants us to do, we can also use the power of the social media to boost its popularity. Facebook, Twitter, LinkedIn, Instagram and more - these social networking sites can easily share your business to everyone.Make sure to provide complete information to your business’ Facebook page - do that for your other social media accounts too. This will save the users time to find info about your company as they won’t need to go to another site to find said information. You can use these social networks to post your latest updates regarding your site, products, services and more.why hire seo expert in austin for seo of your businessSearch engine optimization has become quintessential for every business in today’s time. If your business is not visible online, you are as good as not at all having an online presence. And when you realize the importance of SEO for your local business, the first thing that comes into mind is how to do it and that too at minimum cost. Well, DIY is one way to go, hiring an SEO expert in Austin is other, and postponing is another.Hiring professional SEO experts for SEO of your local business has many benefits. Let’s have a look at some of the key benefits.Right SEOAnyone can start SEO. There is no compulsion that only professionals are allowed to do it. But the question is, are you capable of doing it right? There are many practices that when you implement it on your website, your SEO results will be endangered. And getting wrong in DIY SEO is not difficult. All it requires is some misunderstanding of Google algorithms or following a wrong DIY SEO guide. You may be following unethical strategies which could result in your website getting permanently banned or removed from search results. Hence, you end up doing more harm than good. On the other hand, professionals have the right training, skills, and expertise. They know what works and what doesn’t and how to achieve desired results.Improve websiteFor many years, SEO means stuffing keyword. Hence, many people easily become so-called SEO experts, but today, SEO has changed a lot. Google considers everything forms relevance of content to website speed, ease of navigation, and HTML tags. When you hire professionals, every little aspect of your website gets improved. They will improve your website loading speed, interface & navigation, build backlinks, add listings, and optimize the website for the right keywords. One cannot address the technical aspects without the right training and skills.Focus on resultsSEO is not about just getting any kind of traffic. There is a huge difference between traffic oriented SEO and result oriented SEO. There is no point of getting website traffic that does not convert. An�SEO expert in Austin makes sure your website get quality web traffic that has higher chances of conversion. They follow the SEO strategies that not only focus on ranking your website but getting more conversions. You may have also heard about many people saying they have been doing SEO for many years, but still, haven't achieved the top rankings for competitive keywords. Well, it is the result of poor SEO. Professionals perform proper keyword research, audit website, and prepare the result-driven SEO strategy for your website.Simplified reportingAnalytics play a big role in the success of your SEO campaign. And navigating through your Google Analytics to determine conversion rates, acquisition channels, tracking keywords rankings, split testing landing pages, evaluating bounce rate, and tracking down the results is not at all an easy task. It requires certain skills and knowledge to deal with analytics. An SEO expert in Austin prepares the reports for you in a simplified manner without technical jargon, which will allow you to understand the results of SEO efforts easily and prepare a plan of action.hire local seo expert page optimization website 1290336local seo expert must performing page seo business 1289210hire local seo expert get best online service website 1257927 Today every single company is moving to internet marketing which is an easy, efficient and cost effective procedure for making money from business and is better than that of manual marketing procedures. The aim of every webmaster is to see its website positioning in the top search result of major search engines. To fulfill the aim of success they need to hire a Local SEO Expert who'll not only work for the financial benefits but also for promotion and branding of the company and its products. For this, different techniques could be followed which have different features and working. One is PPC which is pay per click. Whenever any search is made, some adds appear on the top and right side of the page. These are at the top because they are paying for it and whenever a person clicks on any of these a fixed amount of money is deducted from the company's account. This is because they actually don't have such a good presence that they are ranking high but are paying for that position. This is an easy task for new ones to make their presence and even make a profit but this does not work every time because traffic may not be real all the time and even the opponent may them to make them suffer a loss. To stay away from such a mischief and loss, one must get the services of SEO. A person just needs to Guaranteed SEO Services who'll work to make efficient result. This technique brings organizing traffic to the website and a person need not to pay for every single click because they are working for their rank but not paying for it. This is not an ad but a natural process for the progression of the company in the field of online marketing. SEO is the process of optimizing search engine for high ranking of the website though various aspects like link building, back links, on-page, off-page etc. This procedure does not consume much time and energy and gives relevant users who are more towards converting as a customer. Today maximum people are adopting organic SEO techniques as its cost effective and most importantly reliable for the beneficial result as it brings the organic traffic. Today a number of skilled professionals are available for a company so that they can hire SEO expert according to their choice. But as a company looks for the affordable service because they don't have the capacity to invest much in this service, so they must have sound knowledge about this term, what amount can provide a good service and what all will be provided in the same. Whether the company will be provided with all techniques of SEO or only a few. Make sure that the effects one are covered. Whether they will be having a strategy for working of not because it's a must to have this to gain success. A person must check the portfolio of each and every individual who will be working for the company and they must be from SEO background and that too with experience it the same. factors processed local seo expert high ranking website 1254467different routines local seo expert 1250866techniques local seo expert 1247565cultural evolution local seo expert 1245249basic need hiring local seo expert 1242715 Before starting this we are giving you a little information about the term SEO. SEO is abbreviated as the search engine optimization process. Which main work is to maintain the website ranking on all the major search engines on top always & also for making more & more business & money also with the help of internet. So for achieving this goal we have to hire a professional SEO expert for our company. Now we will discuss about the hiring qualities & work function of a professional SEO expert in a software company. As the word abbreviated HPSE is to be explained as hiring professional SEO expert by any software company. If any software company is want to become always on the top ranking on all the major search engines & also to increase more & more traffic to the company website & to make more business also through the help of internet. So for achieving this goal completely you need to hire a Local SEO Expert in your company which is having all the basic knowledge about SEO & it's all various techniques of working also. There were two types of professional SEO experts one of senior level professional SEO expert which too many years work experience in this field & the other one were junior level professional SEO experts which have with the work experience of three to five years only in the same field. So there is a specific criteria made for the hiring process of a professional SEO expert by any software company is to be explained as follows- In brief we can say that a professional SEO expert must be able to improve the website position in the search engine results in short time duration, able to making a successful & best planning for the implementation of that planning also. summary support hire seo expert 1264778what local seo services 448485sustainable seo tips why recovery google update hire seo expert 1250028hire seo expert know about google guidelines 1246863justification hire seo expert 1244762todays desire hire seo expert betterment business 1243193reach local customers effectively local seo campaign 1573608Local SEO Somerset | +44 7976 625722Contact Us Today!+44 7976 62572249B Bridle Way, Barwick, Yeovil, BA22 9TNhttps://sites.google.com/site/localseoservicesgold/http://www.localseoservicescompany.co.uk/