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Local search engine optimisation

Local search engine optimization (Local SEO) is similar to (national) SEO in that it is also a process affecting the visibility of a website or a web page in a web search engine's unpaid results (SERP- search engine results page) often referred to as "natural", "organic", or "earned" results.[1] In general, the higher ranked on the search results page and more frequently a site appears in the search results list, the more visitors it will receive from the search engine's users; these visitors can then be converted into customers.[2] Local SEO, however, differs in that it is focused on optimizing a business' online presence so that its web pages will be displayed by search engines when users enter local searches for its products or services.[3] Ranking for local search involves a similar process to general SEO but includes some specific elements to rank a business for local search.

For example, local SEO is all about ‘optimizing‘ your online presence to attract more business from relevant local searches.

The majority of these searches take place on Google, Yahoo, Bing and other search engines but for better optimization in your local area you should also use sites like Yelp, Angie's List, LinkedIn, Local business directories, social media channels and others.[4] The origin of local SEO can be traced back[5] to 2003-2005 when search engines tried to provide people with results in their vicinity as well as additional information such as opening times of a store, listings in maps, etc.

Local SEO has evolved over the years to provide a targeted online marketing approach that allows local businesses to appear based on a range of local search signals, providing a distinct difference from broader organic SEO which prioritises relevance of search over a distance of searcher.

Local searches trigger search engines to display two types of results on the Search engine results page: local organic results and the 'Local Pack'.[3] The local organic results include web pages related to the search query with local relevance.

These often include directories such as Yelp, Yellow Pages, Facebook, etc.[3] The Local Pack displays businesses that have signed up with Google and taken ownership of their 'Google My Business' (GMB) listing.

The information displayed in the GMB listing and hence in the Local Pack can come from different sources:[6] Depending on the searches, Google can show relevant local results in Google Maps or Search.

This is true on both mobile and desktop devices.[7] Google has added a new Q&A features to Google Maps allowing users to submit questions to owners and allowing these to respond.[8].

This Q&A feature is tied to the associated Google My Business account.

Google My Business (GMB) is a free tool that allows businesses to create and manage their Google listing.

These listings must represent a physical location that a customer can visit.

A Google My Business listing appears when customers search for businesses either on Google Maps or in Google SERPs.

The accuracy of these listings is a local ranking factor.

Major search engines have algorithms that determine which local businesses rank in local search.

Primary factors that impact a local business's chance of appearing in local search include proper categorization in business directories, a business's name, address, and phone number (NAP) being crawlable on the website, and citations (mentions of the local business on other relevant websites like a chamber of commerce website).[9] In 2016, a study using statistical analysis assessed how and why businesses ranked in the Local Packs and identified positive correlations between local rankings and 100+ ranking factors.[10] Although the study cannot replicate Google's algorithm, it did deliver several interesting findings: Prominence, relevance, and distance are the three main criteria Google claims to use in its algorithms to show results that best match a user's query.[12] According to a group of local SEO experts who took part in a survey, links and reviews are more important than ever to rank locally.[13] As a result of both Google as well as Apple offering "near me" as an option to users, some authors[14] report on how Google Trends shows very significant increases in "near me" queries.

The same authors also report that the factors correlating the most with Local Pack ranking for "near me" queries include the presence of the "searched city and state in backlinks' anchor text" as well as the use of the " 'near me' in internal link anchor text" An important update to Google's local algorithm, rolled out on the 1st of September 2016.[15] Summary of the update on local search results: As previously explained (see above), the Possum update led similar listings, within the same building, or even located on the same street, to get filtered.

As a result, only one listing "with greater organic ranking and stronger relevance to the keyword" would be shown.[16] After the Hawk update on 22 August 2017, this filtering seems to apply only to listings located within the same building or close by (e.g.

50 feet), but not to listings located further away (e.g.325 feet away).[16] As previously explained (see above), reviews are deemed to be an important ranking factor.

Joy Hawkins, a Google Top Contributor and local SEO expert, highlights the problems due to fake reviews:[17]

Search engine optimization

Search engine optimization (SEO) is the process of growing the quality and quantity of website traffic by increasing the visibility of a website or a web page to users of a web search engine.[1] SEO refers to the improvement of unpaid results (known as "natural" or "organic" results) and excludes direct traffic and the purchase of paid placement.

Additionally, it may target different kinds of searches, including image search, video search, academic search,[2] news search, and industry-specific vertical search engines.

Promoting a site to increase the number of backlinks, or inbound links, is another SEO tactic.

By May 2015, mobile search had surpassed desktop search.[3] As an Internet marketing strategy, SEO considers how search engines work, the computer-programmed algorithms that dictate search engine behavior, what people search for, the actual search terms or keywords typed into search engines, and which search engines are preferred by their targeted audience.

SEO is performed because a website will receive more visitors from a search engine when website ranks are higher in the search engine results page (SERP).

These visitors can then be converted into customers.[4] SEO differs from local Search engine optimization in that the latter is focused on optimizing a business' online presence so that its web pages will be displayed by search engines when a user enters a local search for its products or services.

The former instead is more focused on national or international searches.

Webmasters and content providers began optimizing websites for search engines in the mid-1990s, as the first search engines were cataloging the early Web.

Initially, all webmasters only needed to submit the address of a page, or URL, to the various engines which would send a web crawler to crawl that page, extract links to other pages from it, and return information found on the page to be indexed.[5] The process involves a search engine spider downloading a page and storing it on the search engine's own server.

A second program, known as an indexer, extracts information about the page, such as the words it contains, where they are located, and any weight for specific words, as well as all links the page contains.

All of this information is then placed into a scheduler for crawling at a later date.

Website owners recognized the value of a high ranking and visibility in search engine results,[6] creating an opportunity for both white hat and black hat SEO practitioners.

According to industry analyst Danny Sullivan, the phrase "Search engine optimization" probably came into use in 1997.

Sullivan credits Bruce Clay as one of the first people to popularize the term.[7] On May 2, 2007,[8] Jason Gambert attempted to trademark the term SEO by convincing the Trademark Office in Arizona[9] that SEO is a "process" involving manipulation of keywords and not a "marketing service." Early versions of search algorithms relied on webmaster-provided information such as the keyword meta tag or index files in engines like ALIWEB.

Meta tags provide a guide to each page's content.

Using metadata to index pages was found to be less than reliable, however, because the webmaster's choice of keywords in the meta tag could potentially be an inaccurate representation of the site's actual content.

Inaccurate, incomplete, and inconsistent data in meta tags could and did cause pages to rank for irrelevant searches.[10][dubious – discuss] Web content providers also manipulated some attributes within the HTML source of a page in an attempt to rank well in search engines.[11] By 1997, search engine designers recognized that webmasters were making efforts to rank well in their search engine, and that some webmasters were even manipulating their rankings in search results by stuffing pages with excessive or irrelevant keywords.

Early search engines, such as Altavista and Infoseek, adjusted their algorithms to prevent webmasters from manipulating rankings.[12] By relying so much on factors such as keyword density which were exclusively within a webmaster's control, early search engines suffered from abuse and ranking manipulation.

To provide better results to their users, search engines had to adapt to ensure their results pages showed the most relevant search results, rather than unrelated pages stuffed with numerous keywords by unscrupulous webmasters.

This meant moving away from heavy reliance on term density to a more holistic process for scoring semantic signals.[13] Since the success and popularity of a search engine is determined by its ability to produce the most relevant results to any given search, poor quality or irrelevant search results could lead users to find other search sources.

Search engines responded by developing more complex ranking algorithms, taking into account additional factors that were more difficult for webmasters to manipulate.

In 2005, an annual conference, AIRWeb (Adversarial Information Retrieval on the Web), was created to bring together practitioners and researchers concerned with Search engine optimization and related topics.[14] Companies that employ overly aggressive techniques can get their client websites banned from the search results.

In 2005, the Wall Street Journal reported on a company, Traffic Power, which allegedly used high-risk techniques and failed to disclose those risks to its clients.[15] Wired magazine reported that the same company sued blogger and SEO Aaron Wall for writing about the ban.[16] Google's Matt Cutts later confirmed that Google did in fact ban Traffic Power and some of its clients.[17] Some search engines have also reached out to the SEO industry, and are frequent sponsors and guests at SEO conferences, webchats, and seminars.

Major search engines provide information and guidelines to help with website optimization.[18][19] Google has a Sitemaps program to help webmasters learn if Google is having any problems indexing their website and also provides data on Google traffic to the website.[20] Bing Webmaster Tools provides a way for webmasters to submit a sitemap and web feeds, allows users to determine the "crawl rate", and track the web pages index status.

In 2015, it was reported that Google was developing and promoting mobile search as a key feature within future products.

In response, many brands began to take a different approach to their Internet marketing strategies.[21] In 1998, two graduate students at Stanford University, Larry Page and Sergey Brin, developed "Backrub", a search engine that relied on a mathematical algorithm to rate the prominence of web pages.

The number calculated by the algorithm, PageRank, is a function of the quantity and strength of inbound links.[22] PageRank estimates the likelihood that a given page will be reached by a web user who randomly surfs the web, and follows links from one page to another.

In effect, this means that some links are stronger than others, as a higher PageRank page is more likely to be reached by the random web surfer.

Page and Brin founded Google in 1998.[23] Google attracted a loyal following among the growing number of Internet users, who liked its simple design.[24] Off-page factors (such as PageRank and hyperlink analysis) were considered as well as on-page factors (such as keyword frequency, meta tags, headings, links and site structure) to enable Google to avoid the kind of manipulation seen in search engines that only considered on-page factors for their rankings.

Although PageRank was more difficult to game, webmasters had already developed link building tools and schemes to influence the Inktomi search engine, and these methods proved similarly applicable to gaming PageRank.

Many sites focused on exchanging, buying, and selling links, often on a massive scale.

Some of these schemes, or link farms, involved the creation of thousands of sites for the sole purpose of link spamming.[25] By 2004, search engines had incorporated a wide range of undisclosed factors in their ranking algorithms to reduce the impact of link manipulation.

In June 2007, The New York Times' Saul Hansell stated Google ranks sites using more than 200 different signals.[26] The leading search engines, Google, Bing, and Yahoo, do not disclose the algorithms they use to rank pages.

Some SEO practitioners have studied different approaches to Search engine optimization, and have shared their personal opinions.[27] Patents related to search engines can provide information to better understand search engines.[28] In 2005, Google began personalizing search results for each user.

Depending on their history of previous searches, Google crafted results for logged in users.[29] In 2007, Google announced a campaign against paid links that transfer PageRank.[30] On June 15, 2009, Google disclosed that they had taken measures to mitigate the effects of PageRank sculpting by use of the nofollow attribute on links.

Matt Cutts, a well-known software engineer at Google, announced that Google Bot would no longer treat any nofollow links, in the same way, to prevent SEO service providers from using nofollow for PageRank sculpting.[31] As a result of this change the usage of nofollow led to evaporation of PageRank.

In order to avoid the above, SEO engineers developed alternative techniques that replace nofollowed tags with obfuscated JavaScript and thus permit PageRank sculpting.

Additionally several solutions have been suggested that include the usage of iframes, Flash and JavaScript.[32] In December 2009, Google announced it would be using the web search history of all its users in order to populate search results.[33] On June 8, 2010 a new web indexing system called Google Caffeine was announced.

Designed to allow users to find news results, forum posts and other content much sooner after publishing than before, Google caffeine was a change to the way Google updated its index in order to make things show up quicker on Google than before.

According to Carrie Grimes, the software engineer who announced Caffeine for Google, "Caffeine provides 50 percent fresher results for web searches than our last index..."[34] Google Instant, real-time-search, was introduced in late 2010 in an attempt to make search results more timely and relevant.

Historically site administrators have spent months or even years optimizing a website to increase search rankings.

With the growth in popularity of social media sites and blogs the leading engines made changes to their algorithms to allow fresh content to rank quickly within the search results.[35] In February 2011, Google announced the Panda update, which penalizes websites containing content duplicated from other websites and sources.

Historically websites have copied content from one another and benefited in search engine rankings by engaging in this practice.

However, Google implemented a new system which punishes sites whose content is not unique.[36] The 2012 Google Penguin attempted to penalize websites that used manipulative techniques to improve their rankings on the search engine.[37] Although Google Penguin has been presented as an algorithm aimed at fighting web spam, it really focuses on spammy links[38] by gauging the quality of the sites the links are coming from.

The 2013 Google Hummingbird update featured an algorithm change designed to improve Google's natural language processing and semantic understanding of web pages.

Hummingbird's language processing system falls under the newly recognized term of "conversational search" where the system pays more attention to each word in the query in order to better match the pages to the meaning of the query rather than a few words.[39] With regards to the changes made to Search engine optimization, for content publishers and writers, Hummingbird is intended to resolve issues by getting rid of irrelevant content and spam, allowing Google to produce high-quality content and rely on them to be 'trusted' authors.

In October 2019, Google announced they would start applying BERT models for english language search queries in the US.

Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers (BERT) was another attempt by Google to improve their natural language processing but this time in order to better understand the search queries of their users.[40] In terms of Search engine optimization, BERT intended to connect users more easily to relevant content and increase the quality of traffic coming to websites that are ranking in the Search Engine Results Page.[41] The leading search engines, such as Google, Bing and Yahoo!, use crawlers to find pages for their algorithmic search results.

Pages that are linked from other search engine indexed pages do not need to be submitted because they are found automatically.

The Yahoo! Directory and DMOZ, two major directories which closed in 2014 and 2017 respectively, both required manual submission and human editorial review.[42] Google offers Google Search Console, for which an XML Sitemap feed can be created and submitted for free to ensure that all pages are found, especially pages that are not discoverable by automatically following links[43] in addition to their URL submission console.[44] Yahoo! formerly operated a paid submission service that guaranteed crawling for a cost per click;[45] however, this practice was discontinued in 2009.

Search engine crawlers may look at a number of different factors when crawling a site.

Not every page is indexed by the search engines.

The distance of pages from the root directory of a site may also be a factor in whether or not pages get crawled.[46] Today, most people are searching on Google using a mobile device.[47] In November 2016, Google announced a major change to the way crawling websites and started to make their index mobile-first, which means the mobile version of a given website becomes the starting point for what Google includes in their index.[48] In May 2019, Google updated the rendering engine of their crawler to be the latest version of Chromium (74 at the time of the announcement).

Google indicated that they would regularly update the Chromium rendering engine to the latest version.

[49] In December of 2019, Google began updating the User-Agent string of their crawler to reflect the latest Chrome version used by their rendering service.

The delay was to allow webmasters time to update their code that responded to particular bot User-Agent strings.

Google ran evaluations and felt confident the impact would be minor.

[50] To avoid undesirable content in the search indexes, webmasters can instruct spiders not to crawl certain files or directories through the standard robots.txt file in the root directory of the domain.

Additionally, a page can be explicitly excluded from a search engine's database by using a meta tag specific to robots (usually <meta name="robots" content="noindex"> ).

When a search engine visits a site, the robots.txt located in the root directory is the first file crawled.

The robots.txt file is then parsed and will instruct the robot as to which pages are not to be crawled.

As a search engine crawler may keep a cached copy of this file, it may on occasion crawl pages a webmaster does not wish crawled.

Pages typically prevented from being crawled include login specific pages such as shopping carts and user-specific content such as search results from internal searches.

In March 2007, Google warned webmasters that they should prevent indexing of internal search results because those pages are considered search spam.[51] A variety of methods can increase the prominence of a webpage within the search results.

Cross linking between pages of the same website to provide more links to important pages may improve its visibility.[52] Writing content that includes frequently searched keyword phrase, so as to be relevant to a wide variety of search queries will tend to increase traffic.[52] Updating content so as to keep search engines crawling back frequently can give additional weight to a site.

Adding relevant keywords to a web page's metadata, including the title tag and meta description, will tend to improve the relevancy of a site's search listings, thus increasing traffic.

URL canonicalization of web pages accessible via multiple URLs, using the canonical link element[53] or via 301 redirects can help make sure links to different versions of the URL all count towards the page's link popularity score.

SEO techniques can be classified into two broad categories: techniques that search engine companies recommend as part of good design ("white hat"), and those techniques of which search engines do not approve ("black hat").

The search engines attempt to minimize the effect of the latter, among them spamdexing.

Industry commentators have classified these methods, and the practitioners who employ them, as either white hat SEO, or black hat SEO.[54] White hats tend to produce results that last a long time, whereas black hats anticipate that their sites may eventually be banned either temporarily or permanently once the search engines discover what they are doing.[55] An SEO technique is considered white hat if it conforms to the search engines' guidelines and involves no deception.

As the search engine guidelines[18][19][56] are not written as a series of rules or commandments, this is an important distinction to note.

White hat SEO is not just about following guidelines but is about ensuring that the content a search engine indexes and subsequently ranks is the same content a user will see.

White hat advice is generally summed up as creating content for users, not for search engines, and then making that content easily accessible to the online "spider" algorithms, rather than attempting to trick the algorithm from its intended purpose.

White hat SEO is in many ways similar to web development that promotes accessibility,[57] although the two are not identical.

Black hat SEO attempts to improve rankings in ways that are disapproved of by the search engines, or involve deception.

One black hat technique uses hidden text, either as text colored similar to the background, in an invisible div, or positioned off screen.

Another method gives a different page depending on whether the page is being requested by a human visitor or a search engine, a technique known as cloaking.

Another category sometimes used is grey hat SEO.

This is in between black hat and white hat approaches, where the methods employed avoid the site being penalized but do not act in producing the best content for users.

Grey hat SEO is entirely focused on improving search engine rankings.

Search engines may penalize sites they discover using black or grey hat methods, either by reducing their rankings or eliminating their listings from their databases altogether.

Such penalties can be applied either automatically by the search engines' algorithms, or by a manual site review.

One example was the February 2006 Google removal of both BMW Germany and Ricoh Germany for use of deceptive practices.[58] Both companies, however, quickly apologized, fixed the offending pages, and were restored to Google's search engine results page.[59] SEO is not an appropriate strategy for every website, and other Internet marketing strategies can be more effective, such as paid advertising through pay per click (PPC) campaigns, depending on the site operator's goals.

Search engine marketing (SEM) is the practice of designing, running and optimizing search engine ad campaigns.[60] Its difference from SEO is most simply depicted as the difference between paid and unpaid priority ranking in search results.

Its purpose regards prominence more so than relevance; website developers should regard SEM with the utmost importance with consideration to visibility as most navigate to the primary listings of their search.[61] A successful Internet marketing campaign may also depend upon building high quality web pages to engage and persuade, setting up analytics programs to enable site owners to measure results, and improving a site's conversion rate.[62] In November 2015, Google released a full 160 page version of its Search Quality Rating Guidelines to the public,[63] which revealed a shift in their focus towards "usefulness" and mobile search.

In recent years the mobile market has exploded, overtaking the use of desktops, as shown in by StatCounter in October 2016 where they analyzed 2.5 million websites and found that 51.3% of the pages were loaded by a mobile device.[64] Google has been one of the companies that are utilizing the popularity of mobile usage by encouraging websites to use their Google Search Console, the Mobile-Friendly Test, which allows companies to measure up their website to the search engine results and how user-friendly it is.

SEO may generate an adequate return on investment.

However, search engines are not paid for organic search traffic, their algorithms change, and there are no guarantees of continued referrals.

Due to this lack of guarantees and certainty, a business that relies heavily on search engine traffic can suffer major losses if the search engines stop sending visitors.[65] Search engines can change their algorithms, impacting a website's placement, possibly resulting in a serious loss of traffic.

According to Google's CEO, Eric Schmidt, in 2010, Google made over 500 algorithm changes – almost 1.5 per day.[66] It is considered a wise business practice for website operators to liberate themselves from dependence on search engine traffic.[67] In addition to accessibility in terms of web crawlers (addressed above), user web accessibility has become increasingly important for SEO.

Optimization techniques are highly tuned to the dominant search engines in the target market.

The search engines' market shares vary from market to market, as does competition.

In 2003, Danny Sullivan stated that Google represented about 75% of all searches.[68] In markets outside the United States, Google's share is often larger, and Google remains the dominant search engine worldwide as of 2007.[69] As of 2006, Google had an 85–90% market share in Germany.[70] While there were hundreds of SEO firms in the US at that time, there were only about five in Germany.[70] As of June 2008, the market share of Google in the UK was close to 90% according to Hitwise.[71] That market share is achieved in a number of countries.

As of 2009, there are only a few large markets where Google is not the leading search engine.

In most cases, when Google is not leading in a given market, it is lagging behind a local player.

The most notable example markets are China, Japan, South Korea, Russia and the Czech Republic where respectively Baidu, Yahoo! Japan, Naver, Yandex and Seznam are market leaders.

Successful search optimization for international markets may require professional translation of web pages, registration of a domain name with a top level domain in the target market, and web hosting that provides a local IP address.

Otherwise, the fundamental elements of search optimization are essentially the same, regardless of language.[70] On October 17, 2002, SearchKing filed suit in the United States District Court, Western District of Oklahoma, against the search engine Google.

SearchKing's claim was that Google's tactics to prevent spamdexing constituted a tortious interference with contractual relations.

On May 27, 2003, the court granted Google's motion to dismiss the complaint because SearchKing "failed to state a claim upon which relief may be granted."[72][73] In March 2006, KinderStart filed a lawsuit against Google over search engine rankings.

KinderStart's website was removed from Google's index prior to the lawsuit, and the amount of traffic to the site dropped by 70%.

On March 16, 2007, the United States District Court for the Northern District of California (San Jose Division) dismissed KinderStart's complaint without leave to amend, and partially granted Google's motion for Rule 11 sanctions against KinderStart's attorney, requiring him to pay part of Google's legal expenses.[74][75]

Seo Taiji and Boys

Seo Taiji and Boys (Korean: 서태지와 아이들) was a South Korean music group active from 1992 to 1996.

Its three members Seo Taiji, Yang Hyun-suk, and Lee Juno experimented with many different genres of popular Western music.[1] Seo Taiji and Boys was highly successful and is credited with changing the South Korean music industry by pioneering the use of rap in Korean pop music and utilizing social critique, despite pressure from ethics and censorship committees.[2][3] The band won the Grand Prize at the Seoul Music Awards in both 1992 and 1993.[4] In April 1996, Billboard reported that the band's first three albums had each sold over 1.6 million copies, with the fourth nearing two million,[5] making all four some of the best-selling albums in South Korea.

After the breakup of the heavy metal band Sinawe in 1991, Seo Taiji switched gears and formed the group Seo Taiji and Boys with dancers and backing vocalists Yang Hyun-suk and Lee Juno.

Yang said he first met Seo when the musician came to him to learn how to dance.

"Blown away" by his music, Yang offered to join the group, and they later recruited Lee who was one of the top dancers in Korea and joined the group as a background dancer, despite being highly regarded in his own right, because the music "moved [his] heart."[6] Seo Taiji came across MIDI technology for the first time in South Korea in the early 1990s and started experimenting with different MIDI sounds to create a new type of music that had not been heard by the public.

He initially had no plans to debut as a dance/pop boy group, and Seo Taiji and Boys' mainstream success was a surprise.

The trio debuted on MBC's talent show on April 11, 1992 with their song "Nan Arayo" (난 알아요, "I Know") and got the lowest rating from the jury.[7] However, the song and their self-titled debut album became so successful that, according to MTV Iggy, "K-pop music would never be the same" again.[8] One of the first Korean rap songs,[9] "Nan Arayo" was a hugely successful hit;[10] its new jack swing-inspired beats, upbeat rap verses and pop-style choruses combined with a focus on new dance moves took Korean audiences by storm.[8][9] Influenced by the videos for Technotronic's Pump Up the Jam and Snap!'s The Power,[11] the music video for "Nan Arayo" features varying color saturation and chroma key editing, varying the angles of the dancers' bodies constantly.

The group sold over 1.5 million copies of the album within a month of its release,[11] and Seo Taiji and Boys won a Golden Disc Award for "Nan Arayo" in 1992.[12] Spin named "Nan Arayo" number 4 on their 2012 list of the 21 Greatest K-Pop Songs of All Time.[13] In 2015, Rolling Stone named it number 36 on its list of the 50 Greatest Boy Band Songs of All Time.[14] "Nan Arayo" is also recognized for establishing the popularity of rap in K-pop and hybridizing the Korean ballad style with rap, rock, and techno.[9] Their 1993 second album took a different turn.

Although remaining a mostly dance album, a few songs such as "Hayeoga" (하여가, 何如歌, "Anyway") combined elements of heavy metal and traditional Korean folk music through the use of the taepyeongso, a double-reed wind instrument, and melodic structure.[3] While there was controversy that the guitar solo in the middle of the song plagiarized Testament's "First Strike is Deadly," the guitarist for the solo, Lee Tae-Seop, mentioned in an interview[15][16] that the solo's arpeggios reinterpreted Scandinavian folk songs, which had no copyright.

"Hayeoga" earned them their second Golden Disc Award.[12] Moreover, while promoting the album, the group was banned from appearing on the national television channel KBS-TV because they wore earrings, ripped jeans and had dreadlocks, which ethics committees associated with reggae, resistance movements, and rejection of social norms (although their brightly dyed long hair in 1995 did not attract a similar ban).[3][17][18] This was the first of the numerous controversies regarding Seo Taiji and Boys.

The band's second album became the first 'double million sellers' album in Korean history.

The third album shifted to a more heavy metal and rock style.

Danceable tunes were nearly non-existent except "Balhaereul Kkumkkumyeo" (발해를 꿈꾸며, "Dreaming of Balhae"), an alternative rock song indicating a hope of reuniting North and South Korea, which earned the group its third Golden Disc Award.[12] Instead, songs such as the controversial "Kyoshil Idea" (교실 이데아, "Classroom Ideology") with death growl vocals, influenced by bands such as the Beastie Boys and Rage Against the Machine, by Ahn Heung-Chan of Crash took center stage.[19] "Kyoshil Idea" was extremely critical of the Korean education system and the pressure placed on youth to succeed academically, such as doing well on university entrance exams.[17] The song was banned from being played on TV and radio (but passed by ethics committees) for the censuring of the education system in its lyrics:Every morning you lead us into a tiny classroom by 7:30, forcing the same things into the 7 million heads of children around the country.

These dark, closed classrooms are swallowing us up.

My life is too precious to be wasted here.[3]Additionally, the band was accused of backmasking Satanic messages in "Kyoshil Idea." Although the mainstream news media later proved these accusations to be groundless, the moral panic proved difficult to eliminate entirely.[20] Not backing down, Seo Taiji and Boys' fourth album exploded with more controversial songs.

"Come Back Home" was a foray into gangsta rap, featuring a high-pitched nasal voice influenced by B-Real of Cypress Hill in "Insane in the Brain" and by House of Pain.[3] "Pilseung" (필승, 必勝, "Certain Victory") was also a hit with alternative rock sound and shouting voice reminiscent of House of Pain's "Jump Around." However, "Sidae Yugam" (시대유감, 時代遺憾, "Shame of the Times") was banned by the Public Performance Ethics Committee for having lyrics that criticized the government.[21] The version of the song included on the album is instrumental only, as a refusal by Seo to rewrite or remove the original three lines that the Ethics Committee demanded be changed (in bold):[3][17] Educated elders are walking down the street holding pretty dolls.

It seems that the day everyone has been secretly hoping for is coming today.

Lips stained black.

Gone is the era of honest people.

[...] I wish for a new world that'll overturn everything.

[...] I hope I can avenge the grudge in my heart.

Tonight![3]The backlash from the fans was immense, and the system of "pre-censorship" (사전심의제) was abolished in June 1996, partially as a result of this reaction.

An EP titled Sidae Yugam including the original version of the song was released a month after the system was abolished.

Seo Taiji and Boys retired from South Korea's popular music scene in January 1996 during its heyday.

Lee later stated that Seo made the decision to disband while recording their fourth album, much to the surprise of Yang and himself.[20] The band's announcement of retirement was a huge disappointment for millions of fans in Korea.

The compilation album Goodbye Best Album was released later that year.

Seo Taiji headed over to the United States soon after, while Lee Juno and Yang Hyun-suk established record labels right after their retirement.

Yang Hyun-suk was successful in founding YG Entertainment, one of the three biggest record companies in the country.[6] Seo Taiji returned to music two years later with a very successful solo career; he is now referred to as "the President of culture" in South Korea.[6] In 2007, all four of Seo Taiji and Boys' albums were included in Kyunghyang Shinmun's Top 100 Pop Albums, with their first ranking the highest at number 24.[22][23][24][25] In 2014, when asked about a possible Seo Taiji and Boys reunion, Seo revealed that the three members had talked about it often.

However, he said:The biggest obstacle is that in the past, we put on really beautiful performances, which fans remember, but if we get back together now, I worry we might disappoint, so I am not confident.

I lack more and more confidence as I get older.

I don't think I'd be able to dance as fiercely as I had in the past.[26]Prior to Seo Taiji and Boys, the Korean music industry was primarily influenced by American and Japanese folk music due to the colonial roots of South Korea.

This music dominated the Korean music industry until the country lifted the travel ban which was in place until 1988.

The lift of the ban allowed musical elements from foreign countries to become more accessible.

Consequently, in the 1990s Seo Taiji and Boys used MIDI technology to begin incorporating Western music elements such as rap, rock, and techno into his music.

Also, Seo Taiji and Boys began incorporating the English language into their music, a popular trend in South Korea, that resulted due to increased reliance on the United States for economic stability.[citation needed] By incorporating these musical elements with Korea’s ballad music, Seo Taiji and Boys provided the basis for the hybridization of Korea's music with that of the West, resulting in the foundation of modern K-pop.

This hybridization of music and foregrounding of dance movements was one of the fundamental reasons for the popularity of Korean pop music, especially among teenage and early 20s listeners, as it also promoted Korean pop music's ability to penetrate foreign markets in what has become known as the Korean Wave.[9] Doobo Shim, a researcher of Asian culture, credits Seo Taiji and Boys with creating the "distinctively Korean pop style" which became commonplace.[27] Moreover, the band was voted as the most crucial Korean cultural product in a survey conducted by the Samsung Economic Research Institute in 1997.[3] Seo Taiji and Boys acted as an instrument of change within Korea, challenging censorship laws as well as the television networks hegemony over the music market.

In 1995 the Korean Broadcasting Ethics Committee demanded that Seo Taiji and Boys change the lyrics for "Shidae Yugam." This incited protests and resulted in the abolishment of music pre-censorship in Korea.

Seo Taiji also did not have to rely on television networks due to the fact that he owned his own studio.

This autonomy allowed Seo to bring subcultures in Korea, such as heavy metal, to the forefront of popular culture and challenge pervasive social norms.[3] The band's independent success diminished the power of the television networks to dictate which artists appeared on shows, and gave rise to the influence of record labels and talent agencies.[27][28] Such companies led to the formation of bands such as H.O.T., Sechs Kies, Uptown, and Shinhwa.[27] Additionally, Seo Taiji and Boys' fashion contrasted sharply with the convention at the time.

The band members' style ranged from wearing tailored jackets and neat dress shirts to street fashion.

They incorporated traditional Korean folk costumes and Scottish kilts, showcasing a variety of cultures.

Seo Taiji and Boys pioneered the "snowboard look," which included dark sunglasses, ski hats, and large parkas.

Furthermore, the band members' wearing of dreadlocks in 1993 caused a reactionary ban of the band on national television.[3] Another aspect of Korean pop that Seo Taiji and Boys influenced was dance.

The band was the first to turn dance into a dominant feature in performance by including breakdancing routines.[3][29] Dancer Nam Hyun-joon cites Seo Taiji and Boys as a primary influence, and appeared in one of band member Lee Juno's music videos.[30] Celebrating the Seo Taiji and Boys' 25th anniversary project "TIME: TRAVELER",[31] the band BTS remade "Come Back Home" in 2017, reflecting a similar sentiment to the societal change that Seo argued for in his songs.

While maintaining the gangsta rap style, J-Hope raps: "I feel suffocated in my life.

What is blocking my life is my fear towards tomorrow," while RM adds, "Because we are still young, there's a decent future.

Now wipe those old tears and come back home." [32][33] While Seo's social critique of Korean culture was predated by songs of Kim Min-ki, who focused on political violence during the Fourth Republic of Korea under the leader Park Chung-hee, Seo's songs included more direct lyrics and maintained his musical identity by refusing to acquiesce to the pre-censorship policies of the time.[3] In fact, his artistry was unhampered by marketing and advertising campaigns, which may have contributed to the band's success.[3]

SEMrush

SEMrush is a software as a service (SaaS) company based in Boston that sells online visibility and marketing analytics software subscriptions.[2][3][4][5] It was founded by Oleg Shchegolev and Dmitry Melnikov as a SEO tool and a browser extension before adopting the SaaS model.

The software can provide intelligence data including website traffic information, keywords, projected AdWords spend, site audits, topic research, lead generation, and other SEO-related data.[6][7][8] The company's customers include eBay, Quora, Booking.com, Hewlett Packard Enterprise, and BNP Paribas.[9] Oleg Shchegolev and Dmitry Melnikov started off as SEO enthusiasts who were interested in industry developments and new technologies and wanted to build a tool that could identify market trends and best industry practices.[10] After sharing their first findings with friends and local influencers, more people were curious and started using it daily.

Through word of mouth, the tool started increasing in popularity and a community of influencers grew as a result.

The software was first launched as Seodigger before being launched as a Firefox extension and was subsequently renamed to SeoQuake Company in 2007[11] and eventually to SEMrush with more than 650 employees in offices in Boston, Philadelphia, Czech Republic, Cyprus, and Russia.

In 2016, it reached its milestone of 1,000,000 users with clients in more than 100 countries.[10] In April 2018, the company received $40m (USD) in a funding round co-led by venture capital firms Greycroft, e.ventures, and Siguler Guff, for expansion to various search platforms including to those owned by Amazon, Microsoft, and Baidu.[12][13] In 2019 SEMrush released a product called "Sellerly", which provides Amazon retailers the ability to split test product detail pages.[14] Also in 2019 the company released a tools called "Traffic Analytics API", which is used for gathering various online data.[15] According to Forbes, "the company increased its user base by 45% in 2019".[16]

Midnight Runners

Midnight Runners (Korean: 청년경찰; Hanja: 靑年警察; RR: Cheongnyeon gyeongchal; lit.

Young Cop) is a 2017 South Korean action comedy film directed by Jason Kim (Kim Ju-hwan) and starring Park Seo-joon and Kang Ha-neul.

The film was released on August 9, 2017.[3][4][5][6][7][8] Ki-joon (Park Seo-joon) and Hee-yeol (Kang Ha-neul) are students at the Korean National Police University.

At around midnight one night, they witness a kidnapping on their way back from the club.

The local police station's missing persons department, however, is busy with the kidnapping of a son of a business mogul at the time and is unable to investigate the case.

Knowing that they are in the critical hours after a kidnapping, they embark on their own amateur investigation.[9] When Ki-joon and Hee-yeol catch up with the kidnappers, it appears that the gang is running an unfertilized egg harvesting ring and there are many more girls locked up at their hideout.

Ki-joon and Hee-yeol tries to save them but are instead beaten and locked up.

After escaping their captors, they return the next day to an empty hideout and a cold trail.

As they are not acting police officers, their professor tells them not to pursue the case any further.

Unable to wait for the bureaucracy to resolve the case, they once again embark on their own investigation.

They undergo heavy physical training and manage to track the kidnappers down, with the help of CCTV footage, to a fertility clinic.

Armored up, the duo venture in to liberate the girls by themselves, this time much more prepared, successfully taking out all the kidnappers and the kidnapper's boss.

Unable to arrest the kidnappers and rescue all the kidnapped girls themselves, they call the police in, knowing they might get expelled for their actions.

However, due to some among the disciplinary committee believing that they had done the right thing morally, they are instead held back a year in their studies and sentenced to 500 hours of community service, leaving the two satisfied with the outcome.

In a mid-credit scene, the girl kidnapped at the beginning of the film visits Ki-joon and Hee-yeol as they're serving their community service and thanks them.

Ki-joon is a light-hearted, risk-taker who acts first and thinks later.[11] Hee-yeol is the total opposite of Ki-joon.

He is fairly nerdy and more of thinker than a doer.[13] Midnight Runners marks Park Seo-joon's first time playing a lead role in a film.[10] Midnight Runners was sold to six countries at the Hong Kong International Film & TV Market.

The rights to the film have been purchased by companies including Japan's The Klockworx, Taiwan's Long Shong, Hong Kong's Deltamac HK, Philippines' Viva Comm and Singapore's Purple Plan.[15] Filming began on November 21, 2016 in Yongin, Gyeonggi Province, South Korea and ended on February 23, 2017.[16][17] The film was released on August 9, 2017.

It was screened across South Korea in 1,058 theatres.[18] The film placed second at the box office on the opening day and earned US$1.97 million with a total of 308,303 ticket sales.

During the first five days of its release, the film attracted 1.9 million viewers[19] and earned a total of US$13.6 million.[20] Within the first eight days after its release, the movie garnered 2.73 million admissions, earning a total of US$18.9 million, which exceeded the production budget of US$6.13 million.[21] By August 20, less than two weeks after the movie was released, Midnight Runners had been watched by a total of 3,906,566 people.[22][23] By August 21, within 13 days after its premiere, the movie surpassed 4 million ticket sales.[24] As of August 24, the film has grossed US$30 million with a total of 4.3 million ticket sales.[25] The total number of admissions increased to 4.83 million by August 27, 19 days after the movie was released, and the film earned a gross income of US$34.04 million.[26] As of September 14, five weeks after its release, the film reached 5.61 million admissions mark with US$39 million gross, making it the 4th highest-grossing South Korean film in 2017.[27] Midnight Runners was screened in 12 countries.

After the initial release in local cinemas, the film was released in Indonesia on August 23, followed by North America on August 25, Australia on August 31 then proceeded to be screened in New Zealand, Hong Kong, Britain, Singapore, Malaysia, Japan, Taiwan, Vietnam, and the Philippines.[28]

Believer (2018 South Korean film)

Believer[3] (Korean: 독전; RR: Dokjeon) is a 2018 South Korean action crime film directed by Lee Hae-young.

It is a remake of the 2012 Johnnie To film Drug War.

The film features actor Kim Joo-hyuk's final film performance.[4][5][6][7] The film was released in South Korea on May 22, 2018.

An extended version was released theatrically on July 18, 2018.[8] Won-ho is a police detective attempting to bring down Asia's biggest drug cartel run by a man called Mr.

Lee.

He has been seen by no one, and as a result, a lot of drug dealers have been posing as Mr.

Lee to conduct illegal trades.

One day, when Won-ho is approached by Oh Yeon-ok, who has recently survived an explosion intended to kill her, Won-ho's team arrives at the site and finds a survivor.

When he is admitted to hospital and tries to escape in order to find out about the fate of his mom and pet dog, the police catch him and make him speak the truth.

His name is revealed to be Rak, and he had been working in Lee's gang.

Won-ho takes him to his dog and reveals his mother to be dead, causing Rak to team up with the police to seek revenge against the boss responsible for his mother's death and dog's poor condition.

Rak and Won-ho arrange a meeting with Ha-rim, who poses to be Mr.

Lee.

While establishing a fake business with him, Won-ho learns his lines and eventually disguises just like Ha-rim, posing as Mr.

Lee as Rak arranges a meeting between him and Park Sun-Chang, a criminal aspiring to work with Mr.

Lee.

Won-ho imitates Ha-rim and tricks Park Sun-Chang into believing he's Mr.

Lee.

But the tables turn when Park Sun-Chang offers him his own drug, and unable to refuse, Won-ho has to snort it.

The drug shows its side effects but his team saves him.

Won-ho and his team get the drug materials from Ha-rim and Rak takes them to two mute drug makers, Dong-Young and Joo-Young.

As they produce drugs, a new criminal named Director Brian comes into play.

Won-ho watches him from a distance and now having learnt of Rak's real identity from his own mouth as an adopted child of a family, he prepares to make the next move.

Brian thrashes Sun-chang for meeting him in person, while Ha-rim's girlfriend Bo-Ryung arrives on spot as Won-ho and Rak are taking away the manufactured drugs, kidnapping them both.

They are taken to Ha-rim and a prolonged fight ensues, resulting in Won-ho getting injured and Ha-rim getting killed by Rak, while one of the team members from Won-ho's team gets killed in an explosion at the drug manufacturing site.

Bo-ryoung dies due to consuming the drug.

Despite of being disappointed by their team member's death, Won-ho re-prepares his team to catch Brian, whom he suspects to be Mr.

Lee.

As they arrive at the site, Sun-chang takes Rak in a room, gagging to kill him.

Fully convinced that Brian is not but posing to be Lee, Won-ho and his assistant officer break into a fight with Brian and his henchmen.

Won-ho's team arrives to arrest the criminals, but as Rak kidnaps Brian, only to reveal himself to be the real Mr.

Lee, he severely wounds him with the help of his mute friends after making his condition similar to his dog.

It is also revealed that Brian was the one responsible for the explosion causing the death of Rak's mother.

An injured Won-ho searches for both Rak and Brian, only to find the latter severely wounded.

He goes back to find Rak's dog missing.

It is then revealed that Won-ho found out the dog's real name was Lieca, while trying to communicate with it.

Rak had faked its name to be Jindo but had named their drug after his dog.

Eventually, Won-ho tracks Rak down with the help of a GPS device he had planted on Lieca and finds him living with the mute drug makers.

As Won-ho is fully aware that Rak is Mr.

Lee, who is now officially declared dead, the latter offers him coffee as they both sit down to drink, with their guns on the table.

Looking outside the window at the mountains, an emotional Won-ho asks Rak if he ever had been happy in his life, before the camera moves outside the house and a gunshot is heard.

Principal photography began on 1 July and ended on November 16, 2017.[13][14][15] Believer premiered in South Korean cinemas on May 22, 2018.[16] On review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes, the film has an approval rating of 73% based on 11 reviews and an average rating of 5.6/10.[17] Metacritic assigned the film a score of 58 out of 100 based on 5 critics, indicating "mixed or average reviews".[18] Richard Kuipers of Variety gave a positive review and wrote, "Believer may be more impressive around the edges than at its core, but that doesn’t prevent it from delivering a pretty solid two hours of action and suspense that’s muscularly directed by Lee and stylishly shot by Kim Tae-kyung.

Punching the narrative along is a terrific, predominantly electronic, score by ace composer Dalpalan.

All other technical work is spot on."[19] Cary Darling of Houston Chronicle rated the film 3.5 out of 5 and said, "Lee Hae-yeong's gripping retelling of Johnnie To's Drug War...stands on its own and is different enough from the original to make it less a clone and more of a genuflection."[20] Simon Abrams of RogerEbert.com rated the film 2 out of 4 and said, "Believer doesn't add up to much because Lee and Chung essentially tried to improve something that was already perfectly unsettling."[21] According to the Korean Film Council Believer surpassed one million moviegoers in five days, becoming the fastest Korean movie to accomplish this milestone in 2018.

A total of 1,004,563 people had seen the movie as of 26th May.[22] The film had attracted 3,001,539 moviegoers by June 2, and became the fastest Korean film to surpass three million moviegoers in twelve days this year.[23] During the second weekend at box office the film held 63.4% of the weekend sale by selling 981,000 tickets at 1,531 screens.[24] Believer became the first Korean film to surpass five million admissions in 2018.

The film was seen by a total of 5,063,620 people by September 29, 2018, way exceeding its break-even point of 2.8 million admissions.[25][2]

The Last Princess (film)

The Last Princess (Korean: 덕혜옹주; Hanja: 德惠翁主; RR: Deokhye-ongju; lit.

Princess Deokhye) is a 2016 South Korean period drama film directed by Hur Jin-ho with a screenplay by Hur, Lee Han-eol, and Seo Yoo-min, based on the best-selling novel by Kwon Bi-young.

It stars Son Ye-jin as Princess Deokhye, the last princess of the Joseon Dynasty.[2] The film depicts Princess Deokhye's life in Japan after she was forced to move there at age 13 by the Imperial Japanese government, and her attempts to return to Korea.[2][3] In 1925, Korea is ruled by Japan, and 13-year-old Princess Deokhye – the last princess of the Joseon Dynasty – is forced to move to Japan to attend school there.

She misses her home, and after she finishes school she makes several attempts to return, but is prevented by pro-Japanese general Han Taek-soo.

One day, she is reunited with her childhood friend, Kim Jang-han, an officer in the Japanese army who is also part of the Korean independence movement.

Kim plans a secret operation to move Deokhye and her brother Yi Un to Shanghai, site of the Provisional Government of the Republic of Korea.

This attempt fails after Han Taek-soo discovers the plan, and Deokhye and Kim are separated, losing contact with each other.

She is forced to marry Count Takeyuki So in 1931, and develops schizophrenia after giving birth to their daughter the following year.

Kim becomes a newspaper reporter and eventually finds Deokhye in a Japanese mental hospital, decades after they were separated.

He then persuades the South Korean government to allow her in the country, and in 1962, Deokhye is finally able to return to her homeland.

Director Hur Jin-ho decided to make a film about Princess Deokhye after watching a documentary about her on television; he could not forget the scene showing the princess reuniting with her court ladies at the Gimpo Airport, when she was finally allowed to return to Korea after 38 years in Japan.[4][5] The film's screenplay was co-written by Hur, Lee Han-eol, and Seo Yoo-min, based on the best-selling novel Princess Deokhye (2009) by Kwon Bi-young.[6] The story is a mix of fact and fiction, as Kim Jang-han is a fictional character.[5] Princess Deokhye's story had never been made into a film before this.[7] At the 2012 Busan International Film Festival (BIFF), Hur's film project was selected to receive co-production development support from the Korean Film Council.

Pre-production for The Last Princess began in 2014.

In August 2015, Son Ye-jin and Park Hae-il were announced to be starring in the film.

Son had previously worked with Hur on the 2005 film April Snow.[8] The Last Princess was launched in October 2015 at BIFF's Asian Film Market.[9] Principal photography commenced on 30 November and was completed on 23 March 2016, with filming taking place in Japan and South Korea.[10][11] The film was initially funded with US$8.6 million,[12] and Son invested ₩1 billion (US$886,500) into the film after production costs rose, so the staff would have a "more comfortable working environment".[13] Son accepted the role of Princess Deokhye with no hesitation.[13] In an interview, she said "I know how hard it is to find a film that places such importance on a female character and deals with her life's journey...I have no hope that I'll come across another film like this for the rest of my career."[7] However, she felt "tremendous pressure" portraying a historical figure, and it was her first time playing such a role.

At a press conference, she said of the role: "The most difficult part about acting out Princess Deokhye was to think over and over what the princess would have done whenever I was confronted with the discrepancy between the existing archives and the film-adaptation version."[14] After seeing the completed film, she said she had no regrets about her performance.[13] The Last Princess opened in third place at the box office on August 3, and rose to the number one spot during the weekend of August 5–7.[15] Over the weekend, 1.2 million tickets were sold across 961 screens, accounting for 24 percent of all ticket sales in South Korea.[16] The film earned US$12.4 million in a five-day period (August 3–7), with 1.7 million tickets sold.[17] The film grossed US$35.4 million in South Korea.[18] It grossed US$40.35 million worldwide.[1] The film received generally positive reviews by critics.

Sung So-young of the Korea JoongAng Daily praised the film for being "interesting enough to hold the audience's interest from beginning to end", even though she felt Hur's imagination went too far in several scenes.

She said major events from Princess Deokhye's life were portrayed well, and the film's biggest virtue was how it made audiences want to know more about her.[6] Woo Jae-yeon, writing for Yonhap, said the film confirms Hur's reputation as a director who "has a proven track record in weaving a love story from a delicate web of emotions that each character experiences".

Woo also praised Son Ye-jin's "outstanding" performance for her portrayal of "the unfathomable depths of the emotional ups and downs of Deokhye."[2] Rumy Doo of The Korea Herald said the film was a "refreshing change from typical dramas about the Japanese occupation of Korea, which are usually intent on delivering a message of patriotism, and tend to be heavy-handed in their emotional arcs".

Doo appreciated Hur's "muted approach" in his handling of the character's emotions, and praised the performances of the two leads, saying Park Hae-il showed "deft skill and subtlety" and Son Ye-jin proved herself a "sensitive and technically refined performer".[19] Yun Suh-young of The Korea Times praised the film for being "engaging, entertaining and moving", rare for a historical film, and complemented Hur's "masterful" direction and the cast's "superb" acting.[5]

Memories of Murder

Memories of Murder (Korean: 살인의 추억; RR: Sarinui chueok) is a 2003 South Korean crime drama film[2] co-written and directed by Bong Joon-ho.

It is loosely based on the true story of Korea's first serial murders in history, which took place between 1986 and 1991 in Hwaseong, Gyeonggi Province.

Song Kang-ho and Kim Sang-kyung star as Detective Park and Detective Seo, respectively, two of the detectives trying to solve the crimes.

The film was the second feature film directed by Bong, following his 2000 debut film Barking Dogs Never Bite.

The screenplay was adapted by Bong and Shim Sung-bo from Kim Kwang-rim's 1996 stage play about the same subject.

The film's earned critical praise for cinematography and musical score, as well as Song Kang-ho's performance, Bong's direction and screenplay.

It is considered as one of the best South Korean films of all time.[3] In October 1986, two women are found raped and murdered in a ditch near a field.

Local detective Park Doo-man, not having dealt with such a serious case before, is overwhelmed — key evidence is improperly collected, the police's investigative methods are suspect, and their forensic technology is near non-existent.

Park claims he has a way of determining suspects by eye contact.

He learns from his girlfriend that a scarred mentally handicapped boy, Baek Kwang-ho, resides in the town and decides to question him first.

He finds him and uses his eye contact method, instinctively thinking Baek is responsible.

Park has his partner Cho beat confessions out of Baek and secretly record him talking about one of the murders.

Seo Tae-yoon, a detective from Seoul, volunteers to assist them.

However he and Park's methods clash and they get into a fight during a party.

Seo looks at Baek's hands and deems them too weak and scarred to be able to commit such an elaborate crime, clearing his name.

After more murders are committed they realize that the killer waits until a rainy night and only kills women wearing red.

A female police officer, Kwon Kwi-ok, realizes that a local radio station is always requested to play a particular song during the nights the murders are committed.

Park continues to search for the killer, but finds nothing.

At the latest crime scene, Park, Cho and Seo all arrive to investigate in different ways, but then a local man arrives, pulls out undergarments, and masturbates in a woman's red lingerie.

Cho accidentally steps on a twig, prompting the man to run.

They chase him into a crowd.

Seo attempts to find a way to get everyone's attention, but Park identifies the man first after seeing him bend over and partially exposing the red lingerie underneath his pants.

Despite already having identified him, he acts as if he is using his eye contact method once more and has Cho apprehend him.

Park and Cho continue their tactic and brutally beat the man.

Seo finds a survivor of the killer after tracing rumors around the local school with the help of Kwon.

Upon learning from the survivor that the killer's hands were noticeably soft, Seo manages to clear the man as his hands are very rough.

Infuriated that they lost their suspect, Park scuffles with Seo, until Kwon alerts them that the same song the murderer requested is playing.

They realize it's raining and arrive too late to find another woman murdered.

Park and Seo and Cho decide to all work together.

Upon doing an autopsy of the latest victim, they discover pieces of what looks like a peach in the body.

Seo talks to a schoolgirl about a possible suspect and help her put a band-aid on an injury on her waist.

They follow a trail of clues to a factory worker, Park Hyeon-gyu, who had only moved to the area a short time before the first murder.

They track the song using documents (a source that Seo always trusts, saying, "The documents never lie.") from the radio station to his address.

The detectives are initially unable to pin anything on him.

However, Seo notes that his hands are soft like the survivor he questioned earlier had described.

Hyeon-gyu begins to show discomfort when Seo presents the peaches and he thinks he's found the killer.

Before he can question more, Cho loses control and beats Hyeon-gyu, prompting their superior to ban him from the interrogation room.

Park and Seo listen to Baek's earlier confession to a previous murder.

Seo points out that he talks as if someone else did it and they realize he knew details of the murder because he witnessed it.

They go to Baek's father's restaurant, only to discover a drunken Cho there.

As people make fun of Cho on the TV, he beats everyone in the restaurant.

Baek arrives partway through the brawl and joins the fray, swinging a wooden board at Cho's leg and accidentally piercing it with a rusty nail.

Park and Seo chase Baek and question him, but he gets frightened and runs into the path of an oncoming train where he is hit and killed.

Park learns that Cho's leg will have to be amputated because the rusty nail caused tetanus, leaving Park feeling guilty about what he had gotten his partner and best friend into.

They discover a trace of semen on one of the bodies, but because of lack of forensic technology the sample has to be sent to the United States to confirm if suspect Hyeon-gyu is the killer with DNA evidence.

Seo tries to follow Hyeon-gyu, but he dozes off and misses his chance.

That night Park's girlfriend walks through the forest watched by an unknown figure in the shadows, but a younger girl passes by and she is captured and killed instead.

The next morning her body is discovered.

Seo sees a band-aid on her waist and recognizes her as the same schoolgirl that he befriended while investigating the murders.

Enraged at the loss, Seo's frustrations finally flow over and he snaps.

He attacks Hyeon-gyu until he is interrupted by Park bringing documents from America regarding the semen sample.

However, the papers state the sample does not match Hyeon-gyu's DNA.

Seo shouts that the documents are lying and that he knows Hyeon-gyu is the murderer.

Park uses his eye contact method on the suspect, but realizes he cannot draw any conclusions unlike before.

Seo attempts to shoot the suspect, but Park stops him and lets Hyeon-gyu go.

In the end, the crimes remain unsolved.

While visiting the crime scene years later in 2003, Park Doo-man, now a businessman, learns from a little girl that the scene had recently been visited by another, unknown, man with a 'normal' face.

The little girl had asked the man why he was looking at the ditch and was told that he was reminiscing about something he had done there a long time ago.

The film ends as Park, realizing this, looks straight at the camera, seemingly using his eye-contact method to spot the killer among the audience.

Memories of Murder was well received by both critics and audiences.

On review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes, the film has an approval rating of 90% based on 40 reviews, with an average rating of 7.75/10.

The site's critics consensus reads, "Memories of Murder blends the familiar crime genre with social satire and comedy, capturing the all-too human desperation of its key characters."[4] On Metacritic, the film has a weighted average score of 82 out of 100 based on 15 critics, indicating "universal acclaim".[5] The film won the South Korean film industry's 2003 Grand Bell Awards for best film, while Bong Joon-ho and Song Kang-ho won the awards for best director and best leading actor respectively.[citation needed] By the end of the film's domestic run it had been seen by 5,101,645 people,[6] making it the most watched film during the year 2003 in South Korea.

While it was eventually outgained by Silmido, which was released in the same year, most of Silmido's audience did not see it until 2004.[citation needed] At the end of the film's run, Memories of Murder was also the fourth most viewed film of all time in the country, after Shiri, Friend and Joint Security Area.[citation needed] The commercial success of the film has been credited as saving one of its production companies, Sidus Pictures, from bankruptcy.[7] Memories of Murder received screenings at several international film festivals, including Cannes Film Festival, Hawaii International Film Festival, London International Film Festival, Tokyo International Film Festival and San Sebastian International Film Festival, where Bong Joon-ho won the Best Director Award.[citation needed] Director Quentin Tarantino named it, along with Bong's The Host, one of his Top 20 favorite movies since 1992.[8] It was also chosen as the best Korean film of the century.[9] While a total body count was never mentioned in the film, at least 10 similar murders were committed in the Hwaseong area between October 1986 and April 1991.

This killing spree became known as the Hwaseong serial murders.

Some of the details of the murders, such as the killer gagging the women with their underwear, were also taken from the case.[10] As in the film, the investigators found bodily fluids suspected to belong to the murderer in the crime scenes, but did not have access to equipment to determine whether the DNA matched with the suspects until late in the investigations.

After the ninth murder, DNA evidence was sent to Japan (unlike the film, where it was sent to America) for analysis, but the results did not correspond with the suspects.[11] As in the film, at the time of its release, the actual murderer had not yet been caught.

As the case was growing closer to reaching the statute of limitations, South Korea's leading Uri Party sought to amend the law to give the prosecutors more time to find the murderer.

However, in 2006, the statute of limitations was reached for the last-known victim.[12] More than 13 years later, on 18 September 2019, police announced that a man in his 50s, Lee Choon-jae, had been identified as a suspect in the killings.[13] He was identified after DNA from the underwear of one of the victims was matched with his, and subsequent evidence linked him to four of the nine unsolved murders.[14] At the time he was identified he was already serving a life sentence at a prison in Busan for the rape and murder of his sister-in-law.[15] Lee initially denied any involvement in the serial murders,[16][17] but on 2 October 2019, police announced that Lee had confessed to killing 14 people, including all 9 unsolved serial murders and 5 others.

Three of those murders happened in Hwaseong but had not previously been attributed to the serial killer, and the other two happened in Cheongju.

As of October 2019, details about those 5 victims have not been released because the investigation is ongoing.[18] In addition to the murders, he also confessed to more than 30 rapes and attempted rapes.[19][20] After Lee's arrest, Bong Joon-ho commented, "When I made the film, I was very curious, and I also thought a lot about this murderer.

I wondered what he look[ed] like." He later added, "I was able to see a photo of his face.

And I think I need more time to really explain my emotions from that, but right now I’d just like to applaud the police force for their endless effort to find the culprit.”[21] Screenwriter Kim Eun-hee (Sign, Phantom) was attached to a television adaptation with the working title Signal, which aired on tvN in 2016.[23] Gap-dong, which aired on tvN in 2014, was also loosely inspired by the film.

Kim Jung-hyun (actor, born 1990)

Kim Jung-hyun (born April 5, 1990) is a South Korean actor.

He has starred in dramas such as Don't Dare to Dream, The Rebel and is best known for his lead roles in the movie Overman, KBS2 teen drama School 2017, JTBC youth series Welcome to Waikiki, MBC melodrama Time and tvN romantic drama Crash Landing on You.

Kim was born in Busan in South Korea.

He has majored in Acting at the Korea National University of Arts.

Kim completed his mandatory military service as an assistant in Kangwon-do’s 3rd division when he was 21 years old.

[1] After having acted in several Musical theatre plays, Kim made his silver screen debut in the film Overman, which premiered at the 2015 Busan International Film Festival.[2] This earned him Best New Actor nominations at 25th Buil Film Awards and 22nd Chunsa Film Art Awards.

Kim made his small screen debut in 2016 and gained much attention with his role as Gong Hyo-jin's little brother in the hit romance comedy Don't Dare to Dream.[3] Thereafter, he starred in historical drama The Rebel.[4] The series was a critical and commercial success and Kim won the Best New Actor award at the 2017 MBC Drama Awards.

The same year, he was cast in MBC's 2-episode series, Binggoo alongside Han Sun-hwa.[5] Thereafter, he played the male lead in KBS2's teen drama School 2017[6][7] alongside Gugudan's Kim Se-jeong.The series was very popular among the youth leading to his increased popularity and Kim's portrayal of a troubled and rebellious student was praised by the critics and audience.

The series earned him three Best New Actor nominations at the 54th Baeksang Arts Awards, the 2017 KBS Drama Awards and the 1st The Seoul Awards.

Kim then featured in 4Men's Music Video Break Up In The Morning.

Later in the year Kim was cast in a lead role in KBS2 drama special Buzzcut Love.[8] In 2018, Kim starred in JTBC's youth series titled Welcome to Waikiki playing a cynical but kind-hearted movie director.[9] The series was a hit across Asia and solidified Kim's status as a versatile actor.

He then started in the 4DX VR movie Meet The Memories alongside Seo Ye-ji playing the role of an aspiring musician with stage fright.

[10] Kim lent his vocals to the OST of the movie titled Moonlight.

Later he starred in MBC melodrama Time[11] alongside Girls' Generation's Seohyun, playing a chaebol whose time is running out due to his failing health.

Kim's portrayal of a terminal patient was praised but he had to drop out of the drama in the midway following his Eating and Sleeping disorder caused by his Method acting.[12] In July 2019, Kim’s agency confirmed that he will be making his small screen return after the hiatus in the tvN drama Crash Landing on You alongside Hyun Bin, Son Ye-jin and Seo Ji-hye.[13]The show topped the ratings throughout its run thereby becoming a cultural and phenomenal hit in South Korea and accumulated 1.75 billion online views globally.

It is the highest rated tvN drama and the third-highest-rated Korean drama in cable television history.

Kim's character was much loved and became immensely popular among the local and international audiences.Many were left emotional over the tragic fate of his character.His character's name “Goo Seung Joon” went on to trend at No.

1 in Korea’s realtime search rankings,which he, later in an interview, described as incredibly rewarding.[14] On March 27, MBC confirmed that Kim will be reuniting with his Crash Landing on You co-star Seo Ji-hye through Special Appearance In Her Upcoming Drama Shall We Eat Dinner Together.[15]

Crash Landing on You

Crash Landing on You[3] (Korean: 사랑의 불시착; RR: Sarangui Bulsichak; MR: Sarangŭi pulshich'ak; lit.

Love's Emergency Landing) is a South Korean drama directed by Lee Jeong-hyo and featuring Hyun Bin, Son Ye-jin, Kim Jung-hyun, and Seo Ji-hye.

It is about a South Korean woman who accidentally crash-lands in North Korea.

It aired on tvN in South Korea and on Netflix worldwide from December 14, 2019, to February 16, 2020.

It is the highest rated tvN drama and the third-highest-rated Korean drama in cable television history.

Crash Landing on You tells the story of two star crossed lovers, Yoon Se-ri (Son Ye-jin), a South Korean Chaebol heiress, and Ri Jeong-hyeok (Hyun Bin), a member of the North Korean elite and a Captain in the North Korean Special Police Force.

One day while Yoon Se-ri goes for a short paragliding ride in Seoul, South Korea, a sudden tornado knocks her out and blows her off course.

She awakens to find her paraglider had crashed into a tree in a forest in the DMZ in North Korea (an area forbidden for South Koreans).

She then meets Ri Jeong-hyeok and falls into his arms when descending from the tree.

Ri Jeong-hyeok eventually gives Yoon Se-ri shelter, and develops plans to secretly help her return to South Korea.

Over time, they fall in love, despite the divide and dispute between their respective countries.

Her family suppresses the news of her disappearance out of fear that it will depress the stock price of the family-controlled chaebol.

In particular, Se-ri's two brothers, Se-jung and Se-hyung who are rivals, both claiming to be the rightful heir to their father's company.

Just before Se-ri's disappearance, their father had announced that he planned to anoint her as heir because his sons are incompetent.

Her brothers are supported by their equally ambitious wives, Do Hye-Ji (Hwang Woo-seul-hye) and Ko Sang-a (Yoon Ji-min).

Se-ri's and Jeong-hyeok's story is intertwined with that of Seo Dan (Seo Ji-hye) and Gu Seung-jun (Kim Jung-hyun).

Dan is the beautiful daughter of a wealthy North Korean department store owner.

She has been studying cello in Russia for several years but returns so that she can marry Jeong-hyeok, to whom she is engaged through an arranged marriage (and whom she has only met a few times).

As she returns to Pyongyang, she crosses paths, not for the first time, with Gu Seung-jun.

Gu Seung-jun, who had previously been engaged to Se-ri, fled to North Korea (under the protection of corrupt North Korean officers) in order to escape from the pursuit of Se-ri’s brother Se-hyung, under whose incompetent watch he had embezzled large amounts of money.

Although their initial encounters are unpleasant, they eventually fall in love.

The story follows Jeong-hyeok and Se-ri as they try to get her home.

They are impeded by Cho Cheol-gang (Oh Man-seok), an evil State Security officer, who a number of years ago had arranged for the murder of Jeong-hyeok's older brother, an officer who tried to expose him.

The story eventually shifts to Seoul where both comedy and drama ensue for all four main characters, Se-ri’s family, and the arch-villain Cho Cheol-gang.

The premise of Crash Landing on You was inspired by a real event involving South Korean actress, Jung Yang.[2][10] In September 2008, Yang and three others had to be rescued after bad fog had caused their leisure boat to drift "into the maritime boundary between North and South Korea."[11] Park Ji-eun, the drama's screenwriter, was introduced to North Korean defector turned film adviser and writer Kwak Moon-wan, who became part of the drama's writing team.[12][13] Kwak, who studied film directing in Pyongyang and had also been a member of an elite security force protecting the Kims, helped in crafting the drama's plot and in conceptualizing the setting and scenes in the drama portraying North Korean life.[12][13] The production process proved to be "painstakingly meticulous", owing to South Korea's relationship with North Korea where most of the story's plot ensues.[14] The use of the honorific Chairman to refer to North Korea's leaders was avoided, and the North Korean lapel pins used by the cast members taking North Korean roles were one third smaller than their actual size.[15] Props manager Joo Dong-man said the crew did not have a "guidebook on multiple hurdles he had to hop over — skillfully and delicately – to accurately depict the country while dodging criticism" and, thus, had to be careful "not to misrepresent the state".

They worked with guidance from North Koreans living in South Korea and research.[14][2] The first script reading took place on July 31, 2019 in Sangam-dong, Seoul, and filming overseas started at the end of August 2019.[16] North Korean scenes were shot in South Korea and Mongolia.[2] Scenes that took place in Switzerland were shot on location.[2] On Rotten Tomatoes, Crash Landing on You has two (out of two) positive reviews.[17] Variety Magazine named it one of "The Best International Shows on Netflix."[18] Jo Walker of The Guardian's "Stream Team" called it "addictively off-the-wall, heartbreaking and hilarious."[19] Time ranks Crash Landing on You as one of the best Korean dramas to watch on Netflix.[20] Aljazeera has also cited the drama as one of the most recent hallyu’s success.[21] Early in its run, Crash Landing on You was the fourth highest rated Korean cable drama.[22] The final episode's ratings made it the third highest rated Korean drama in cable television history, surpassing fellow tvN dramas Reply 1988 and Guardian: The Lonely and Great God.[23] Crash Landing on You emerged as one of the top shows on Netflix (who owns the distribution rights outside South Korea) and continued to enjoy widespread popularity even after the show has ended.[24] It became a hit in South Korea.

With 1.75 billion online views, Crash Landing on You outperformed the prior leader, Mr.

Sunshine, for most viewed drama clips by 200 million views as of February 17th, 2020.

[25] It was also a hit in Singapore,Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, and Thailand.

A-list celebrities from these countries posted pictures on their social media platforms stating that they are currently binge-watching the drama.

Some even photoshopped themselves on photos with lead stars Hyun Bin and Son Ye-jin.

[26] The drama was also an immense success in China.

The hashtag for the drama’s final episode has received over 460 million views on China’s Twitter-like—Weibo.

The streaming website for the South Korean drama, which holds the copyright in China with Chinese subtitles, crashed on the night it aired the final episode due to the enormous number of users.[27] The drama also became a big hit in Japan reaching number 1 on Netflix.It became viral on the internet with many Japanese celebrities stated that they binge watched the show.

[28] According to Yahoo Japan,the drama attracts a wide range of people.

One of The North Korean scenes where there was a blackout also gives a nostalgic feeling to Japanese people in their 50’s because they were familiar with the power shortage when they were young.

Also, the success of the drama helps revive the hallyu wave in Japan that has been declining for years.

[29] Although the series' depiction of North Korea is fictional, it has received praise "for its portrayal of everyday life in the North, even down to accents and words."[30][31] It also received positive reviews from North Korean defectors.[15][12] A North Korean defector, who had served with the Supreme Guard Command (which protects the ruling Kim family) worked as an adviser for the series, providing the writers with details about life in North Korea as well as North Korean governmental agencies that added credibility to the show.[32] One of the extras (who portrayed a North Korean villager) is a writer and actress from North Korea who states that she felt "like [she] was actually back in a North Korean village."[30] Yun Suk-jin, a professor at Chungnam National University, also notes that the series "changed the stereotypes on North Korea and candidly showed that it too is a place where people live."[30] Sarah A.

Son, Lecturer in Korean Studies at the University of Sheffield also agrees, noting that Crash Landing on You responds to the "socio-cultural divide" between the North and the South, which academic scholarship cites as one of the biggest obstacles to future unification.

Son argues that "through the re-framing of stereotypes, albeit with some creative licence, Crash Landing on You arguably humanises the North for its audience in ways that inter-Korean dialogue has not in recent years.

Despite its soft-focus romanticisation of the political situation, Crash Landing on You brings the pain of the division to a personal level for a generation of Koreans who, unlike their grandparents, have no memory of what it was like to be a single nation."[13] Joanna Elfving-Hwang, associate professor of Korean studies at the University of Western Australia concurs, stating that “North Korea tends to appear in our imagination as the ‘axis of evil’, we think of [negative things like] nuclear weapons and human rights abuses…this drama has dared to think about North Korean people differently and represented them as quite human and quite Korean.”[33] Steve Hung Lok-wai, a Korean affairs expert from Chinese University of Hong Kong states that the drama sidestepped larger political issues through a narrative that did not end with the defection of either character.

Thus, he argues, it's "quite smart because they avoided all the real taboos but made it believable enough where it would make people think about these political problems."[33] John Delury, a professor at Yonsei University, praised the series for its decision to draw parallels between powerful families in both the South and the North, and to humanize North Koreans beyond generic stereotypes.[34] There were also critical responses to the themes of the drama in both regions.

In January 2020, The Christian Liberal Party (CLP) filed a complaint in South Korea against tvN at the Seoul Metropolitan Police Agency, accusing the network of glamorizing North Korea through this series, in violation of the National Security Law.[35][36][37] Then, in March 2020, a few North Korean media outlets criticized unnamed South Korean programs and films that explored relations between North and South Korea.

While Crash Landing on You was not directly mentioned by the media outlets, it was perceived to be among the referenced works.

Another is the 2019 film, Ashfall, although that film was also not directly cited in the articles.[38][39] The success of the drama helped to boost brand items due to product placement.

The lead characters portrayed by Hyun Bin and Son Ye-jin ate Gold Olive Chicken, a product which had a 100% sales improvement due to the show.[2][40] There was also an increase in sales of the Swarovski earrings worn by Son Ye-jin.[41] The following is the official track list of Crash Landing on You: Original Soundtrack.[42][43][44] The tracks with no indicated lyricists and composers are the drama's musical score; the artists indicated for these tracks are the tracks' composers themselves.

In this table, the blue numbers represent the lowest ratings and the red numbers represent the highest ratings.

Paju (film)

Paju (Korean: 파주; RR: Paju) is a 2009 South Korean film.

It tells the tale of a teenage schoolgirl (Seo Woo) and her complex relationship with her older sister’s husband (Lee Sun-kyun).

Set in the city where it takes its name from – a longtime military area and now a developing city located close to the North/South Korean border – its narrative deals with guilt, mystery, love and redemption, as well as the psychological layers of its characters.

The film also offers a glimpse into South Korean society and the struggles some residents of Paju face.

In 2010 Paju became the first ever Korean film to open the International Film Festival Rotterdam[2][3][4][5][6][7][8] and to compete at the Tribeca Film Festival.[9][10][11] Twenty-something Eun-mo listens to a taxi driver drone on as she rides down a foggy highway.

The story then cycles back eight years earlier, when a lustful Joong-shik accidentally causes a woman to neglect her baby with disastrous consequences.

Suffering from guilt, Joong-shik goes on the lam and holes up in the titular city of Paju, an underdeveloped and desolate city just north of Seoul and near the North Korean border.

Teaching religious classes to the town's schoolgirls, Joong-shik captures the heart of local house owner Eun-soo, despite the protestations of her pubescent younger sister and Joong-shik's student Eun-mo.

Back in the present day, Joong-shik is now the ringleader of a political protest group whose interests run from obstructing the city's plans of gentrification to strengthening relations with North Koreans.

Squatting in Paju's derelict apartments, the group is under siege from an unidentified property developer who has engaged goons to bulldoze the buildings.

With only the briefest of hints as to what has transpired, Eun-soo is nowhere to be seen and Joong-shik and Eun-mo are clearly at odds.

While believing her brother-in-law killed her sister for insurance money, Eun-mo finds herself falling in love with him, the sole guardian and grownup in the lonely girl's life.

Narrative flashes back twice more to sparingly fill in the gaps on their shifting lives.[12][13] This is Park Chan-ok's long-awaited follow-up to her critically praised 2002 debut Jealousy Is My Middle Name.[20] Park had found it difficult to secure funding for her sophomore film amidst Korean cinema's currently declining investment environment,[21][22] and though her screenplay won the Kodak Award and received ₩20 million (US$19,000) worth of negative film from the Pusan Promotion Plan in 2005,[23] it would eventually take almost seven years to complete Paju.

Park said, "I stopped (filming) because I could not make any more modifications to it.

I wanted to talk about emotions shared by two people who are similarly alone.[24] More than a love affair between a man and a woman, the relationship between Joong-shik and Eun-mo is more of compassion that those in agony are likely to develop for each other."[25] Park said Paju is the perfect backdrop for this mysterious and gripping story.[26] "When I think of Paju, I always view it as a mysterious place because it was always foggy whenever I visited there and it also sits right next to the border area dividing the two Koreas.

I wanted to portray that mysterious feeling in the film."[25] Paju played to highly impressed reviews in its debut in the 14th Busan International Film Festival.

The PIFF jury awarded it the NETPAC Award, describing it as "a fine example of passionate, high-quality filmmaking."[27] Screen International said of director Park, "This should help to cement Park's reputation as one of [South] Korea's most talented arthouse directors"[28] while Variety praised the film's handling of elements of melodrama, action and mystery, saying they "make it function like a Bergmanesque thriller."[29] The Hollywood Reporter wrote that "Seo delivers one of the most believable depictions of conflicted female emotion as has ever been put on film in Korea."[30] Koreanfilm.org called it "without question one of the best Korean films of 2009."[31][32][33] In 2020, the film was ranked by The Guardian number 14 among the classics of modern South Korean cinema.[34]

The Host (2006 film)

The Host (Korean: 괴물; RR: Gwoemul; lit.

"Monster") is a 2006 South Korean monster film directed by Bong Joon-ho and starring Song Kang-ho, Byun Hee-bong, Park Hae-il, Bae Doona and Go Ah-sung.

The film concerns a monster kidnapping a man's daughter, and his attempts to rescue her.

According to the director, his inspiration came from a local article about a deformed fish with an S-shaped spine caught in the Han River.[2] Following the success of the director's work Memories of Murder, The Host was highly anticipated.[3] It was released on a record number of screens in its home country on July 27, 2006.

By the end of its run on November 8, 13 million tickets had been sold, making it (at the time) the highest-grossing South Korean film of all time.

The film was released on a limited basis in the United States on March 9, 2007, and on DVD, Blu-ray, and HD DVD formats on July 24, 2007.

It won several awards including Best Film at the Asian Film Awards and at the Blue Dragon Film Awards.

In 2000, an American military pathologist (Scott Wilson) orders his Korean assistant to dump 200 bottles of formaldehyde down a drain leading into the Han River.

Over the next several years, there are sightings of a strange amphibious creature in the waterway, and the fish in the river die off.

In 2006, a slow-witted young man named Park Gang-du (Song Kang-ho) runs a small snack-bar in a park near the river with his father, Hee-bong (Byun Hee-bong).

Other family members are Gang-du's daughter, Hyun-seo (Go Ah-sung); his sister Nam-joo (Bae Doona), a national medalist archer; and his brother, Nam-il (Park Hae-il), an alcoholic college graduate and former political activist.

A huge creature (voiced by Oh Dal-su) emerges from the Han River and begins attacking people.

Gang-du tries to grab his daughter from the crowd and run but sees the creature snatching Hyun-seo and diving back into the river.

After a mass funeral for the victims, government representatives and the American military arrive and quarantine people who had contact with the creature, including Gang-du and his family.

It is announced that the creature is the host of a deadly, unknown virus.

Gang-du receives a phone call from Hyun-seo.

She explains that she is trapped in the sewers with the creature, but her phone stops working.

Gang-du and his family escape the hospital and prepare supplies to look for Hyun-seo.

Two homeless boys, Se-jin and Se-joo, are attacked and swallowed by the creature.

It returns to its sleeping area in the sewer and regurgitates them.

Only Se-Joo is alive.

Hyun-seo helps Se-Joo hide in a spot the creature cannot reach.

The Parks encounter the creature and shoot at it until they run out of ammunition.

Provoked, the creature kills Hee-bong.

Gang-du is captured by the Army and Nam-il and Nam-joo are separated from each other.

Nam-il meets an old friend (Yim Pil-sung) for help and learns that the government has placed a bounty on his family.

The friend tries to capture Nam-il, but he escapes after obtaining Hyun-seo's location.

Gang-du overhears an American scientist discussing that there is no virus; it is made up to distract people from the creature's origin.

They decide to lobotomize Gang-du to silence him.

While the creature is sleeping, Hyun-seo makes a rope from old clothes and uses it to get out of the hole.

She realizes that the creature only feigns sleep to lure her out of hiding.

She and Se-joo are swallowed by the creature.

Gang-du escapes by taking one of the nurses hostage.

Nam-il meets a homeless man (Yoon Je-moon) who helps him.

The government announces the plan to release a chemical called Agent Yellow into the river, hoping it will kill the creature.

Gang-du finds the creature and sees Hyun-seo's arm hanging out of its mouth.

The creature goes to the location where Agent Yellow is released and a large crowd has formed in protest.

As it attacks the crowd, Agent Yellow is released, which appears to stun it.

Gang-du pulls Hyun-seo out of its mouth and sees her still clutching Se-joo; she has died protecting him.

Gang-du, enraged at his daughter's death, attacks the creature, aided by Nam-il, Nam-joo, and the homeless man.

They set it on fire and Gang-du impales it with a pole, finally killing it.

As they mourn Hyun-seo, Gang-du revives Se-joo.

Some time later, it is seen that Gang-du has adopted Se-joo.

They have a meal together, ignoring a news broadcast about the aftermath of the incident.

The film was the third feature-length film directed by Bong Joon-ho.

Following the positive reaction to the director's debut, Barking Dogs Never Bite, coupled with the critical acclaim and box-office success of his previous work, Memories of Murder, the film was given a generous production budget of around ₩10 billion[4] (just over US$10 million), huge by local industry standards.[5] Some of the filming took place in the real sewers near the Han River, rather than on a set.

The stars and crew were inoculated against tetanus by the medical officer.

During filming, the crew had to deal with the effects of changes in weather and ambient temperature.

This including the sewage water freezing in cold temperatures, so that it had to be broken up and melted; and during hot and windy periods, the water evaporated and the silt turned to dust, which blew around in the breeze and into the faces of the crew.[6] The director had to work around the budget-imposed restrictions, especially when it came to special effects.

The creature was designed by Chin Wei-chen, the modeling was done by New Zealand-based Weta Workshop and the animatronics were by John Cox's creature Workshop.[7] The CGI for the film was done by The Orphanage, which also did some of the visual effects in The Day After Tomorrow.[8] The monster was designed with some specific parameters in mind.

According to the director himself the inspiration came from a local article about a deformed fish with an S-shaped spine caught in the Han River.[9] Therefore, the director's wishes were for it to look like an actual mutated fish-like creature, rather than have a more fantastical design.

In the opening scenes of the film, two fishermen presumably encounter the creature whilst it is still small enough to fit in one of their cups; suggestive of its humble, more realistic origins.

The monster also exhibits frontal limbs similar to amphibians' legs.

This element of its design seems to have been more a choice of functionality on the designers' part as the monster needed to be able to run and perform certain acrobatic movements during the film.[7] For a genre film monster, the creature's size is rather small, only about the size of a truck.

Also unlike in many other monster-themed films, the creature is fully visible from early on in the film, sometimes for large stretches of time and even in broad daylight, which earned the film some critical praise.[10] The film was in part inspired by an incident in 2000, in which a Korean mortician working for the U.S.

military in Seoul reported that he was ordered to dump a large amount of formaldehyde down the drain.

In addition to its environmental concerns, this caused some antagonism toward the United States.[11] The American military stationed in South Korea is portrayed as uncaring about the effects their activities have on the locals.

The chemical agent used by the American military to combat the monster in the end, named "Agent Yellow" in a thinly-veiled reference to Agent Orange, was also used to satirical effect.[7] The director, Bong Joon-ho, commented on the issue: "It's a stretch to simplify The Host as an anti-American film, but there is certainly a metaphor and political commentary about the U.S."[12] Because of its themes, which can be seen as critical of the United States, the film was lauded by North Korean authorities,[13] a rarity for a South Korean blockbuster film.

The film features a satirical portrayal of the South Korean government as bureaucratic, inept, and essentially uncaring.

Korean youth protesters are featured satirically in the film, in a mixed way, partially heroic and partially self-righteous and oblivious.

According to Bong Joon-ho, the Park Nam-il character is a deliberate anachronism, a reference to South Korea's troubled political history, which involved violent protest.

"When you look in terms of this character, it's sort of like the feeling of time going backwards.

[...] You could say that he is the image of the college protester back ten years ago; it doesn't exist in the present day."[14] The Host premiered at the Cannes Film Festival on May 21, 2006 and was released nationally in South Korea on July 27, 2006.

Having been heavily hyped and featuring one of the most popular leading actors in the country, Song Kang-ho, the film was released on a record number of screens and made the South Korean record books with its box office performance during its opening weekend.

The 2.63 million admissions and US$17.2 million box office revenue easily beat the previous records set by Typhoon.[15][16] The film reached six million viewers on August 6, 2006.[17] In early September the film became South Korea's all time box office leader, selling more than 12.3 million tickets in just over a month in a country of 48.5 million.

By the end of its run on November 8, the viewing figures came in at 13,019,740.[5] The film was released theatrically in Australia on August 17, 2006.

During the first half of September 2006, it premiered in Japan, Singapore, Taiwan, Thailand and Hong Kong.

It received a theatrical release in the United Kingdom on November 10, 2006.

This was its first official release outside of film festivals, and outside Asia and Australia.

Its American release was March 9, 2007.

It was also released in France, Ireland, Sweden, Germany, and Spain, amongst other countries.

The Host received screenings on several film festivals.

In addition to its opening in Cannes, among the most prominent were the Toronto, Tokyo and New York film festivals.

The film swept Korea's Blue Dragon Awards : The Host received five awards, Go Ah-sung took Best New Actress and Byun Hee-bong was awarded as Best Supporting Actor.[18] The French film magazine Cahiers du cinéma ranked the film as 3rd place in its list of best films of the year 2006[19] and 4th for the 2000–2009 decade.[20] The Japanese film magazine Kinema Junpo selected it as one of the top 10 best foreign films of the year 2006.

(Flags of Our Fathers won the best foreign film of the year 2006.)[21] With a limited American release starting March 11, 2007, The Host received critical acclaim.

It holds a 93% approval rating on Rotten Tomatoes, based on 151 reviews with an average rating of 7.7/10.

The website's critical consensus states, "As populace pleasing as it is intellectually satisfying, The Host combines scares, laughs, and satire into a riveting, monster movie."[22] In addition, it was ranked one of the top films of 2007 on Metacritic with a score of 85 out of 100 based on 35 reviews, indicating "universal acclaim".[23][24] Manohla Dargis of The New York Times wrote "The Host is a loopy, feverishly imaginative genre hybrid about the demons that haunt us from without and within."[25] The filmmaker Quentin Tarantino included it in his list of top 20 films released since 1992 (the year he became a director).[26] The film was also listed at #81 on Empire's list of The 100 Best Films of World Cinema.[27] The region-2 UK release of the film was released on March 5, 2007, while the region-1 US DVD was released on July 24, 2007, in both single-disc and a two-disc collector's edition in DVD, HD-DVD and Blu-ray Disc formats.[28] Twitch Film announced on November 3, 2009 that a video game was planned,[29] to be released as a multi-platform first-person shooter.[30] As of April 2020, no game had been released and is assumed to be vaporware In June 2007, it was announced that a 3D film - alternately referred to as a sequel or prequel in news reports - was in progress, with a different director.[31][32] The budget for The Host 2 was announced at close to US$12 million, and would be based on a script by webcomic artist Kang Full.[33] A FX demo reel debuted at the Tokyo International Film Festival in 2010 and the projected release date of summer 2012 was announced.[34] However, as of 2020, there have been no further updates on the project and its current status is unknown.

In November 2008, it was announced that Universal Studios would be remaking The Host with Gore Verbinski producing, Mark Poirier writing the script, and first-time director Fredrik Bond directing the film.

The film was set for a 2011 release.[35] However, the production has remained in so-called "development hell".[citation needed] The film appeared on several critics' top ten lists of the best films of 2007.[36]

The World of the Married

The World of the Married[2] (Korean: 부부의 세계; Hanja: 夫婦의 世界; RR: Bubu-ui Segye; lit.

Couple's World) is a 2020 South Korean television series starring Kim Hee-ae, Park Hae-joon and Han So-hee.[3] The series is based on BBC One’s drama series Doctor Foster, starring Suranne Jones in the title role.

It aired on JTBC on Fridays and Saturdays at 10:50 (KST) from March 27 to May 16, 2020.[4][5][6] The drama tells a story of a married couple whose betrayal of one another leads to a whirlwind of revenge.

The World of the Married is the highest-rated Korean drama in cable television history, overtaking Sky Castle.[7] The drama received critical acclaim for its screenplay, direction and performances.[8] Ji Sun-woo (Kim Hee-ae) is a revered family medicine doctor.

She is married to Lee Tae-oh (Park Hae-joon) and they have a son.

Sun-woo seems to have everything, including a successful career and a happy family, but unbeknownst to her, she is betrayed by her husband and friends.

Meanwhile, Lee Tae-oh dreams of becoming a famous movie director.

He runs an entertainment business with the support of his wife.

Even though he loves his wife, Lee Tae-Oh falls into a dangerous relationship.

Kang Eun-kyung, who wrote popular TV series such as King of Baking, Kim Takgu (2010) and Dr.

Romantic (2016-2020), served as the creator.

The drama series is directed by Mo Wan-il PD of the 2018 hit romance-thriller series Misty.

In response to questions about the difference between the drama and the British original Doctor Foster, Mo said, "While the original is focused more on the main character, in adapting the story for the Korean drama, we wanted to portray a whirlwind of emotions to rage around the main character and the people around her." Mo then emphasized that unlike the original series, The World of the Married does not just focus on one person but also focuses on the relationships in which the main female character, Ji Sun-woo, is involved with.[11] Kim Hee-ae and Park Hae-joon were confirmed to star in The World of the Married on September 30, 2019.[3] Park Hae-joon initially said no to the drama saying that, "I wanted to do it, but I was worried about whether I could do it well."[12] Speaking to GQ Korea, he revealed that he was hesitant due the strong extreme traits of the male lead character who cheats on his wife.

He also stated that he did not feel confident to give justice to the role of a cheating husband with the needed intensity as he did not have much time to prepare.

However, he eventually accepted the offer after talking to a friend.[13][14] Subsequently, Han So-hee and Lee Moo-saeng were confirmed to join the cast on October 7 and on December 4, 2019, respectively.[15][16] The first to the sixth episodes were fixed at late-night hours so that only those aged 19 or older can watch them under the Juvenile Protection Act.

The drama's portrayal (of married life) was deemed as too realistic to be shown to those who are under 19.

For the seventh and eighth episodes, they were lowered to allow those aged 15 or older to watch them.[17] However, after facing criticisms from a portion of viewers for including some aggressive scenes in Episode 7 and Episode 8, the rating was altered back to 19 or older starting from the ninth episode in order for the production team to be able to capture the complex emotions that the characters will face in future episodes.[18] The World of the Married has become the talk of the town due to its intense, unpredictable storyline and cliffhanger endings.

After only 12 episodes, the drama series became the most watched drama on Korean cable TV according to Nielsen Korea, surpassing the previous record of 23.8 percent set by another JTBC smash-hit Sky Castle.

This marks the highest viewership by a drama episode aired on a local cable channel and the second-highest for all programs aired on cable networks.[19] Although the drama is restricted to only viewers above 19, it became highly popular among the public for its realistic and stimulating content.

As a result, the keyword 'adultery', which is considered to be a serious and rarely-discussed topic on Korean broadcasting channels, went beyond the drama into other entertainment programs and became a widely-discussed topic on social media.[20] Storylines about workplace racism have also been shared broadly on the internet and further prompted many women to share about their negative experiences with male colleagues.[21] According to The Guardian, the drama won praises for its portrayal of life after divorce and how it broke the way how men are usually portrayed in Korean dramas with plot lines implying issues such as the widening social inequality and gender inequality.[22] The production team has also received positive reviews for their willingness to push the boundaries not only with the story but with their unique filming approach.[23] The drama series sparked viewer criticisms for a violent scene featured in Episode 8, which was edited from the perpetrator's view similar to what it is in virtual reality.[24] The unprecedented "detailed first-person perspective" of the scene was said to be too aggressive for television and could possibly be a trauma trigger for some viewers.

Nevertheless, there were viewers who found the "first-person perspective" camerawork to be refreshing and experimental in the Korean drama scene as it added to the overall tension of the moment.[23] Actor Jung Joon-won who plays Cha Kang-hae, Lee Joon-young's classmate, was reported to have recently engaged in underage drinking and smoking.

Jung Joon-won was born in 2004, making him 16 in international age and 17 in Korean age.

Photos began circulating online that were purportedly from Jung Joon-won’s Facebook account.

Although Jung Joon-won is currently a minor, the photos appeared to show him engaging in drinking and smoking with his friends.

On May 10, an office from JTBC clarified that the actor would not appear in the last two episodes as Episode 14 was his last.[25] On May 10, 2020, a controversy arose over posts Jeon Jin-seo, who plays Lee Joon-young, had made on Facebook.

The controversial posts included an illustration of a male manhwa character giving the middle finger with both hands.

A speech bubble above the character reads, “All women, get lost” in rude language.

Conversations with his friends on Facebook were also shared in which the actor used many swear words.

On May 11, 2020, Jeon Jin-seo’s agency released a statement expressing their apology and citing that he is a young actor who is still maturing and developing his values, and they recognize that they have not done enough to give him guidance.

The agency assured that along with his guardian, they will work hard and guide him so that he can develop upright standards regarding his words and actions as well as his attitude.[26] In this table, the blue numbers represent the lowest ratings and the red numbers represent the highest ratings.

Search engine marketing

Search engine marketing (SEM) is a form of Internet marketing that involves the promotion of websites by increasing their visibility in search engine results pages (SERPs) primarily through paid advertising.[1] SEM may incorporate search engine optimization (SEO), which adjusts or rewrites website content and site architecture to achieve a higher ranking in search engine results pages to enhance pay per click (PPC) listings.[2] In 2007, U.S.

advertisers spent US $24.6 billion on Search engine marketing.[3] In Q2 2015, Google (73.7%) and the Yahoo/Bing (26.3%) partnership accounted for almost 100% of U.S.

search engine spend.[4] As of 2006, SEM was growing much faster than traditional advertising and even other channels of online marketing.[5] Managing search campaigns is either done directly with the SEM vendor or through an SEM tool provider.

It may also be self-serve or through an advertising agency.

As of October 2016, Google leads the global search engine market with a market share of 89.3%.

Bing comes second with a market share of 4.36%, Yahoo comes third with a market share of 3.3%, and Chinese search engine Baidu is fourth globally with a share of about 0.68%.[6] As the number of sites on the Web increased in the mid-to-late 1990s, search engines started appearing to help people find information quickly.

Search engines developed business models to finance their services, such as pay per click programs offered by Open Text[7] in 1996 and then Goto.com[8] in 1998.

Goto.com later changed its name[9] to Overture in 2001, was purchased by Yahoo! in 2003, and now offers paid search opportunities for advertisers through Yahoo! Search Marketing.

Google also began to offer advertisements on search results pages in 2000 through the Google AdWords program.

By 2007, pay-per-click programs proved to be primary moneymakers[10] for search engines.

In a market dominated by Google, in 2009 Yahoo! and Microsoft announced the intention to forge an alliance.

The Yahoo! & Microsoft Search Alliance eventually received approval from regulators in the US and Europe in February 2010.[11] Search engine optimization consultants expanded their offerings to help businesses learn about and use the advertising opportunities offered by search engines, and new agencies focusing primarily upon marketing and advertising through search engines emerged.

The term "Search engine marketing" was popularized by Danny Sullivan in 2001[12] to cover the spectrum of activities involved in performing SEO, managing paid listings at the search engines, submitting sites to directories, and developing online marketing strategies for businesses, organizations, and individuals.

Search engine marketing uses at least five methods and metrics to optimize websites.[citation needed] Search engine marketing is a way to create and edit a website so that search engines rank it higher than other pages.

It should be also focused on keyword marketing or pay-per-click advertising (PPC).

The technology enables advertisers to bid on specific keywords or phrases and ensures ads appear with the results of search engines.

With the development of this system, the price is growing under a high level of competition.

Many advertisers prefer to expand their activities, including increasing search engines and adding more keywords.

The more advertisers are willing to pay for clicks, the higher the ranking for advertising, which leads to higher traffic.[15] PPC comes at a cost.

The higher position is likely to cost $5 for a given keyword, and $4.50 for a third location.

A third advertiser earns 10% less than the top advertiser while reducing traffic by 50%.[15] Investors must consider their return on investment when engaging in PPC campaigns.

Buying traffic via PPC will deliver a positive ROI when the total cost-per-click for a single conversion remains below the profit margin.

That way the amount of money spent to generate revenue is below the actual revenue generated.[16] A positive ROI is the outcome.

There are many reasons explaining why advertisers choose the SEM strategy.

First, creating a SEM account is easy and can build traffic quickly based on the degree of competition.

The shopper who uses the search engine to find information tends to trust and focus on the links showed in the results pages.

However, a large number of online sellers do not buy search engine optimization to obtain higher ranking lists of search results but prefer paid links.

A growing number of online publishers are allowing search engines such as Google to crawl content on their pages and place relevant ads on it.[17] From an online seller's point of view, this is an extension of the payment settlement and an additional incentive to invest in paid advertising projects.

Therefore, it is virtually impossible for advertisers with limited budgets to maintain the highest rankings in the increasingly competitive search market.

Google's Search engine marketing is one of the western world's marketing leaders, while its Search engine marketing is its biggest source of profit.[18] Google's search engine providers are clearly ahead of the Yahoo and Bing network.

The display of unknown search results is free, while advertisers are willing to pay for each click of the ad in the sponsored search results.

Paid inclusion involves a search engine company charging fees for the inclusion of a website in their results pages.

Also known as sponsored listings, paid inclusion products are provided by most search engine companies either in the main results area or as a separately identified advertising area.

The fee structure is both a filter against superfluous submissions and a revenue generator.

Typically, the fee covers an annual subscription for one webpage, which will automatically be catalogued on a regular basis.

However, some companies are experimenting with non-subscription based fee structures where purchased listings are displayed permanently.

A per-click fee may also apply.

Each search engine is different.

Some sites allow only paid inclusion, although these have had little success.

More frequently, many search engines, like Yahoo!,[19] mix paid inclusion (per-page and per-click fee) with results from web crawling.

Others, like Google (and as of 2006, Ask.com[20][21]), do not let webmasters pay to be in their search engine listing (advertisements are shown separately and labeled as such).

Some detractors of paid inclusion allege that it causes searches to return results based more on the economic standing of the interests of a web site, and less on the relevancy of that site to end-users.

Often the line between pay per click advertising and paid inclusion is debatable.

Some have lobbied for any paid listings to be labeled as an advertisement, while defenders insist they are not actually ads since the webmasters do not control the content of the listing, its ranking, or even whether it is shown to any users.

Another advantage of paid inclusion is that it allows site owners to specify particular schedules for crawling pages.

In the general case, one has no control as to when their page will be crawled or added to a search engine index.

Paid inclusion proves to be particularly useful for cases where pages are dynamically generated and frequently modified.

Paid inclusion is a Search engine marketing method in itself, but also a tool of search engine optimization since experts and firms can test out different approaches to improving ranking and see the results often within a couple of days, instead of waiting weeks or months.

Knowledge gained this way can be used to optimize other web pages, without paying the search engine company.

SEM is the wider discipline that incorporates SEO.

SEM includes both paid search results (using tools like Google Adwords or Bing Ads, formerly known as Microsoft adCenter) and organic search results (SEO).

SEM uses paid advertising with AdWords or Bing Ads, pay per click (particularly beneficial for local providers as it enables potential consumers to contact a company directly with one click), article submissions, advertising and making sure SEO has been done.

A keyword analysis is performed for both SEO and SEM, but not necessarily at the same time.

SEM and SEO both need to be monitored and updated frequently to reflect evolving best practices.

In some contexts, the term SEM is used exclusively to mean pay per click advertising,[2] particularly in the commercial advertising and marketing communities which have a vested interest in this narrow definition.

Such usage excludes the wider search marketing community that is engaged in other forms of SEM such as search engine optimization and search retargeting.

Creating the link between SEO and PPC represents an integral part of the SEM concept.

Sometimes, especially when separate teams work on SEO and PPC and the efforts are not synced, positive results of aligning their strategies can be lost.

The aim of both SEO and PPC is maximizing the visibility in search and thus, their actions to achieve it should be centrally coordinated.

Both teams can benefit from setting shared goals and combined metrics, evaluating data together to determine future strategy or discuss which of the tools works better to get the traffic for selected keywords in the national and local search results.

Thanks to this, the search visibility can be increased along with optimizing both conversions and costs.[22] Another part of SEM is social media marketing (SMM).

SMM is a type of marketing that involves exploiting social media to influence consumers that one company’s products and/or services are valuable.[23] Some of the latest theoretical advances include Search engine marketing management (SEMM).

SEMM relates to activities including SEO but focuses on return on investment (ROI) management instead of relevant traffic building (as is the case of mainstream SEO).

SEMM also integrates organic SEO, trying to achieve top ranking without using paid means to achieve it, and pay per click SEO.

For example, some of the attention is placed on the web page layout design and how content and information is displayed to the website visitor.

SEO & SEM are two pillars of one marketing job and they both run side by side to produce much better results than focusing on only one pillar.

Paid search advertising has not been without controversy and the issue of how search engines present advertising on their search result pages has been the target of a series of studies and reports[24][25][26] by Consumer Reports WebWatch.

The Federal Trade Commission (FTC) also issued a letter[27] in 2002 about the importance of disclosure of paid advertising on search engines, in response to a complaint from Commercial Alert, a consumer advocacy group with ties to Ralph Nader.

Another ethical controversy associated with search marketing has been the issue of trademark infringement.

The debate as to whether third parties should have the right to bid on their competitors' brand names has been underway for years.

In 2009 Google changed their policy, which formerly prohibited these tactics, allowing 3rd parties to bid on branded terms as long as their landing page in fact provides information on the trademarked term.[28] Though the policy has been changed this continues to be a source of heated debate.[29] On April 24, 2012, many started to see that Google has started to penalize companies that are buying links for the purpose of passing off the rank.

The Google Update was called Penguin.

Since then, there have been several different Penguin/Panda updates rolled out by Google.

SEM has, however, nothing to do with link buying and focuses on organic SEO and PPC management.

As of October 20, 2014, Google had released three official revisions of their Penguin Update.

In 2013, the Tenth Circuit Court of Appeals held in Lens.com, Inc.

v.

1-800 Contacts, Inc.

that online contact lens seller Lens.com did not commit trademark infringement when it purchased search advertisements using competitor 1-800 Contacts' federally registered 1800 CONTACTS trademark as a keyword.

In August 2016, the Federal Trade Commission filed an administrative complaint against 1-800 Contacts alleging, among other things, that its trademark enforcement practices in the Search engine marketing space have unreasonably restrained competition in violation of the FTC Act.

1-800 Contacts has denied all wrongdoing and appeared before an FTC administrative law judge in April 2017.[30] AdWords is recognized as a web-based advertising utensil since it adopts keywords that can deliver adverts explicitly to web users looking for information in respect to a certain product or service.

It is flexible and provides customizable options like Ad Extensions, access to non-search sites, leveraging the display network to help increase brand awareness.

The project hinges on cost per click (CPC) pricing where the maximum cost per day for the campaign can be chosen, thus the payment of the service only applies if the advert has been clicked.

SEM companies have embarked on AdWords projects as a way to publicize their SEM and SEO services.

One of the most successful approaches to the strategy of this project was to focus on making sure that PPC advertising funds were prudently invested.

Moreover, SEM companies have described AdWords as a practical tool for increasing a consumer’s investment earnings on Internet advertising.

The use of conversion tracking and Google Analytics tools was deemed to be practical for presenting to clients the performance of their canvas from click to conversion.

AdWords project has enabled SEM companies to train their clients on the utensil and delivers better performance to the canvass.

The assistance of AdWord canvass could contribute to the growth of web traffic for a number of its consumer’s websites, by as much as 250% in only nine months.[31] Another way Search engine marketing is managed is by contextual advertising.

Here marketers place ads on other sites or portals that carry information relevant to their products so that the ads jump into the circle of vision of browsers who are seeking information from those sites.

A successful SEM plan is the approach to capture the relationships amongst information searchers, businesses, and search engines.

Search engines were not important to some industries in the past, but over the past years the use of search engines for accessing information has become vital to increase business opportunities.[32] The use of SEM strategic tools for businesses such as tourism can attract potential consumers to view their products, but it could also pose various challenges.[33] These challenges could be the competition that companies face amongst their industry and other sources of information that could draw the attention of online consumers.[32] To assist the combat of challenges, the main objective for businesses applying SEM is to improve and maintain their ranking as high as possible on SERPs so that they can gain visibility.

Therefore, search engines are adjusting and developing algorithms and the shifting criteria by which web pages are ranked sequentially to combat against search engine misuse and spamming, and to supply the most relevant information to searchers.[32] This could enhance the relationship amongst information searchers, businesses, and search engines by understanding the strategies of marketing to attract business.

Another Miss Oh

Another Miss Oh[1] (Korean: 또! 오해영; Hanja: 또! 誤解영; RR: Tto! O Hae-yeong; MR: Tto! O Hae-yŏng; lit.

Another Oh Hae-young) is a South Korean television series starring Eric Mun, Seo Hyun-jin, Jeon Hye-bin.[2][3][4][5][6][7] It replaced Pied Piper and broadcast on cable network tvN on Mondays and Tuesdays at 23:00 (KST) time slot for 18 episodes[8][9] from May 2 to June 28, 2016.[10] The series held the record highest audience rating for a tvN Monday-Tuesday show and became one of the highest rated Korean dramas in cable television history.

The drama was extended by 2 episodes and 2 specials.[11] Park Do-kyung (Eric Mun) is a sound director in his 30s.

A year ago, his bride, Oh Hae-young (gold) (Jeon Hye-bin), disappeared on their wedding day leaving him miserable.

One year after that incident, Do-kyung was told that Hae-young is going to marry a young entrepreneur named Han Tae-jin (Lee Jae-yoon).

Do-kyung exacted revenge by sabotaging Tae-jin's business leaving him bankrupt.

However, the woman who has the name Oh Hae-young (soil) (Seo Hyun-jin) was actually just a stranger who coincidentally has the same name with the other Oh Hae-young (gold) who left him.

Coincidentally, Oh Hae-young (soil) is the girl that Do-kyung had been seeing lately in his visions, and he sees snapshots of the future with her in it.

Tae-jin was soon to be sent to jail due to bankruptcy, and hence before his imprisonment he meets fiancée, Hae-young (soil), and tells her that he doesn't love her that much to marry her and wants to call off their wedding.

Truthfully, Tae-jin was lying and his true intentions was to let her go so that she will gain happiness.

Amidst all of this, Do-kyung and Hae-young (soil)'s lives turn as they cross paths.

After sharing similar unfortunate experiences of being dumped before their weddings, the two of them got even closer.

Will Do-kyung start to fall in love with Hae-young (soil)? But, will Hae-young (soil) look at Do-kyung the same way when she finds out that he is the one who ruined her wedding? Is it a love story between two people who should not be destined to be together? Or will Do-kyung's visions of her actually prove that they are meant for each other? A 36-year-old man, he is a sound director.

He has a very reserved and aloof personality and is intimate and meticulous with his work.

He is unable to forget his ex-girlfriend, Oh Hae-young (gold), who disappeared on the day of their wedding.

After he mistook Oh Hae-young (soil) with Hae-young (gold), Do-kyung keeps seeing visions that are always related to Hae-young (soil) as if he sees the future.

He falls in love with Hae-young (soil) but knows he doesn't deserve her, because he was the one who ruined her wedding with her ex-fiancé, Han Tae-jin.

A 32-year-old woman, she is a product planning team representative of the catering division of her company.

Her life got ruined after her ex-fiancé Tae-jin dumped her the day before their wedding, and as a result she becomes the main topic of gossip because of it.

She describes herself as a pitiful and unlucky person but is cheered up by Do-kyung and eventually becomes attracted to him.

Meanwhile, she is clueless that Do-kyung is the person who ruined her wedding.

Because she shares the same name with the beautiful and perfect Oh Hae-young (gold), she is always compared and feels small.

A 32-year-old woman, she is the TF team leader of the catering division Oh Hae-young (soil) works in.

She also is Do-kyung's ex-lover who ditched their wedding and left for Europe.

After one year, she still loves him and decided to come back to him.

She comes from a wealthy family with many marriage issues, where her mother and father marry and divorce back-and-forth, and has many step-siblings.

She always appears cheerful in front everyone in order to hide her true self who lacks love from her parents.

A 44-year-old woman, she is the catering division director and Do-kyung's older sister.

She is an alcoholic who always babbles in French when she gets drunk and has a habit of falling for any man whom she ever sleeps with.

Hae-young (soil) and her other subordinates give her the nickname "Isadora" ("isa" = two four (24) and "dora" = "running around" meaning she is around all the time -24/7) because of her habit of constantly checking up on her subordinates.

A 36-year-old man, he is a lawyer and Do-kyung's friend.

He is the first person who mistook Hae-Young (soil) as Hae-young (gold) and persuaded Do-kyung to seek revenge.

He said to Do-kyung he would stay in Do-kyung's house for a while to protect himself from dangerous people that are related to the case he is handling.

But in reality, he is hiding from the husband of a woman he recently seduced.

A 33-year-old man, he is a sound recording studio staff and Do-kyung's younger brother.

Even though they have the same last name, Do-kyung and Hoon are not actually blood-related - Do-kyung and Soo-kyung are from the maternal side, while Hoon is from the paternal side.

He seems to be frustrated with his step-brother, and they don't get along with each other often and share different opinions.

He always gets crazy while searching for a girlfriend.

A 63-year-old woman, she is a film producer and Do-kyung's mother.

She is a gold-digger and only cares about living a luxurious life, and always asks Do-kyung for money even though she never pays him back.

She was against Do-kyung's marriage to Hae-young (gold) as she knew Do-kyung wouldn't give her money once he gets married.

For this purpose, she emotionally and psychologically tortures Hae-young (gold) into running away on the day of their wedding.

A 36-year-old man, he is an entrepreneur and Hae-young (soil)'s ex-fiancé.

He decides to call off their wedding and dumps Hae-young (soil) in order to let her live happily.

Not long after he dumped her, he went to jail because of the bankruptcy.

He is curious as to why Do-kyung decided to destroy his business as they never met each other previously.

Even after he walks out from the jail, he still has feelings for his ex-fiancé, Hae-young (soil).

A 60-year-old man, he is Hae-young (soil)'s father.

As a man he is talented in cooking, and he seems to be more patient and calm then Hae-young (soil)'s mother.

A 57-year-old woman, she is Hae-young (soil)'s mother.

She feels pressured after her daughter called off her wedding, as her friends in the neighborhood keep talking about her daughter behind her back.

She has a weird habit of taking off her clothes when she's angry.

She is a film producer and Hae-young (soil)'s best friend.

Thanks to her, Do-kyung and Hae-young (soil) meet for the first time in person.

She has been Hae-young (soil)'s sole dependable friend since their high school days.

Even though both of them are close, Hee-ran is popular with boys unlike Hae-young (soil).

She is Hae-young (soil)'s aunt.

She used to help with house work often, but after Hae-young (soil) called off her marriage, she becomes annoying and regularly argues with Deok-yi.

A 21-year-old woman, she is a part-time staff of a convenience store and Hoon's girlfriend, and seems to not want to get married during her lifetime.

She tells Hoon during their 100th day anniversary that she wants the both of them to live together, but Hoon constantly rejects her idea because they are not a married couple.

A 74-year-old man, he is a conglomerate chairman and Hae-young (gold)'s step-father, as Hae-young (gold)'s mother was once married him but eventually got divorced.

He is Do-kyung's psychiatrist and the only person who knows about Do-kyung's visions that are related to Hae-young (soil).

In this table, the blue numbers represent the lowest ratings and the red numbers represent the highest ratings.

Architecture 101

Architecture 101 (Korean: 건축학개론; RR: Geonchukhakgaeron; lit.

Introduction to Architecture) is a 2012 South Korean romance film written and directed by Lee Yong-ju.

The film tells the story of two students who meet in an introductory architecture class and fall in love.

Fifteen years later, the girl tracks down her first love to seek his help in building her dream house.[2] Seoul, the present day.

Out of the blue, architect Lee Seung-min (Uhm Tae-woong) is approached by Yang Seo-yeon (Han Ga-in), whom he knew at college some 17 years previously, to design a new house for her on the site of her 30-year-old family home on Jeju island.

Seung-min reluctantly agrees but can't come up with a design that pleases her.

In the end, they decide to renovate and expand the existing house, and he and Seo-yeon spend a considerable amount of time together down in Jeju, to the growing annoyance of his fiancée Eun-chae (Go Joon-hee), with whom he is soon to be married and move to the US.

As Seo-yeon cares for her dying father (Lee Seung-ho) and Seung-min learns more about what became of Seo-yeon in the intervening years, he recalls their initial meeting at college in the early 1990s.

Seung-min and Seo-yeon (Lee Je-hoon and Suzy) had lived in the same neighborhood (Jeongneung-dong, Seoul) and attended the same architecture class.

He remembers her liking rich student Jae-wook (Yoo Yeon-seok), his inability to declare his attraction to her, and the times being coached by his best friend, Nab-ddeuk (Jo Jung-suk) in how to get girls.

Hoping to confess his feelings to her at the perfect timing, Seung-min asks Seo-yeon to meet him at the abandoned house they frequent, on the first day that it snows that coming winter.

But one night he catches Jae-wook and a drunk Seo-yeon entering her house together.

Fearing the worst, he ends his friendship with Seo-yeon due to his pain of believing she had chosen Jae-wook.

The first day of snow arrives, and Seo-yeon is left waiting in the abandoned house alone.

Heartbroken, she leaves behind her portable CD player with a CD of her favorite artist.

Seo-yeon in the present day receives that very same CD player and CD from Seung-min, meaning that he actually went to the house later and remembered their promise.

But despite the bitter-sweetness of their first love, in the end, Seung-min still chooses his fiancée Eun-chae and flies with her to America, while Seo-yeon sits in the house he built for her, listening to the CD.[3][4][5][6] Director Lee Yong-ju has a bachelor's degree in architecture from Yonsei University, and collaborated with architect Gu Seung-hoe to accurately depict the architectural details shown and mentioned in the film.[18] The film was shot on location in the Seoul neighborhood of Jeong-neung and in Jeju Island.[4] It was chosen as the closing film at the 15th Shanghai International Film Festival.[19][20][21][22] In late August 2012, Typhoon Bolaven, regarded as the most powerful storm to strike the Korean Peninsula in nearly a decade, severely damaged Seo-yeon's house that was constructed especially for the movie.[23] The house was rebuilt and renovated,[24] designed by architect Gu Seung-hoe (executive consultant of construction for the film), with the interior design by Woo Seung-mie (the film's art director).

It opened in March 2013 as a cafe, called Cafe Seo-yeon's House.[25] The film reignited 1990s throwback fever among Koreans and made the fashion, music and celebrities of the period cool once again.

Songs from the '90s, including duo Exhibition’s "Etude of Memory" were included on the score.

Characters also use pagers, hair mousse, and portable CD players.

The protagonist is even obsessed with GUESS T-shirts - counterfeits that were popular among Koreans in the 1990s.

Nostalgia-inducing scenes that feature characters expressing awe at a one gigabyte hard drive computer or communicating with each other via landline telephones also brought the audience back in time.[26] And the movie’s impact on the present-day market was felt.

Exhibition, the duo known as JeonRamHwe in Korea, saw a sudden increase in sales of its first EP, which was released in 1993, by 70 times in April compared to the previous month, with sales of the duo’s following EPs also on the rise.

Yes 24 temporarily made a page on its official website that lists EPs from the 1990s alongside contemporary artists who are known to emulate the sentiments of the 1990s.[26] Architecture 101 was released in South Korean theaters on March 22, 2012.

It was subsequently released in Hong Kong on October 22, 2012.[27] On September 19, 2012, a two-disc limited edition DVD was released containing extra footage shot and edited by the director Lee Yong-ju, audio commentary by actors Uhm Tae-woong, Lee Je-hoon and Suzy,[28] interviews and trailers, and a book containing pictures and production images from the set.[29] Among the deleted scenes are a flashback scene of Seung-min and Nab-ddeuk walking side by side; adult Seung-min taking a drunk Seo-yeon to her hotel room; and a longer, deeper kiss between Lee Je-hoon and Suzy.

The scenes ended up on the cutting room floor because the director felt they did not fit the movie's tone.[30] The film captured viewers’ attention and earned critical plaudits with its restrained style and well drawn characters.[4] It held the No.

1 spot at the box office for three weeks after its release, attracting over 1 million viewers in only eight days, passing 2 million in seventeen days, and reaching 3 million on April 18.[31][32][33][34][35] Male moviegoers are the backbone of the movie’s sales, an unusual path to success for a romantic drama.[36] Critics have said that Architecture 101 especially resonates with the nostalgia men feel for their first loves.[37] It was one of the ten most-watched films in Korea in the first quarter of 2012 (No.

4 with 3.4 million tickets sold).[38][39] 9 weeks after its theater release, it reached over 4.1 million admissions, a new box office record for Korean melodramas.[4][40][41]

Girls%27 Generation 1979

Girls' Generation 1979[4] (Korean: 란제리 소녀시대; RR: Lanjeri Sonyeosidae; lit.

Lingerie Girls' Generation) is a South Korean television series based on the 2009 novel of the same name by Kim Yong-hee.

The drama slated for eight episodes with 1970s Daegu as the backdrop.

It premiered on KBS2 on September 11, 2017 and aired every Monday and Tuesday at 22:00 (KST).[5] Lee Jung-hee is the second daughter of a family who owns a lingerie factory.

She leads a group of teenage girls, whom they have chaotic adventures together.

She meets Bae Dong-moon through a group date and Dong-moon immediately falls for her.

However, Jung-hee has a crush on Sohn Jin who is a cute looking senior student of a boys school and begins to follow him around to draw his attention.

Then one day, Park Hye-joo who is a transfer student from Seoul joins their class and becomes the center of attention, creating jealousy and friction among the heroine and her friends.

Despite Jung-hee's attention, Sohn Jin is attracted to Hye-joo.

However, Hye-joo has no romantic feelings for Sohn Jin as she is interested in Joo Young-choon who is an ex-gangster now turned to a local handy-man.

It's the story of their growing friendship, as the heroine and the new girl starts to bond despite the initial rivalry.

There's also a darker side to the story, with a mystery surrounding an increasing number of sexual assaults in the city.

And at the local toy factory, female workers begin disappearing one by one.

The first script reading meeting of the cast was held on August 18, 2017 at KBS Annex Building in Yeouido, Seoul.[1]

My Golden Life

My Golden Life[1] (Korean: 황금빛 내 인생; RR: Hwanggeumbit Nae Insaeng) is a 2017 South Korean television series starring Park Si-hoo, Shin Hye-sun, Lee Tae-hwan, and Seo Eun-soo.

The series aired on KBS2 every Saturday and Sunday from 19:55 to 21:15 (KST).[2] Revolves around a woman who has a chance to rise in status and a man who finds happiness in her.

A mother's misguided love has caused her daughters to get swapped in status, and so the heroine Seo Ji-an enters the chaebol household to have a better life without knowing she is actually not their long-lost daughter, but her "former twin" sister instead.

What will happen to her once the secret gets revealed, and what will happen to her relationship with the son of chaebol family Choi Do-kyung, whom she has gotten closer to as siblings? He is the only heir to Haeseong Group and the head of Strategic Planning Team.

He is a third generation chaebol who has returned from the USA after finishing his MBA.

He is a gentleman with admirable physique and elegance.

He takes pride in the fact that he practices Noblesse Oblige unlike other chaebols who like to power trip.

When the "perpetrator" of an accident involving his car, Seo Ji-An, is later revealed to be his younger sister, 'Choi Eunseok,' his life takes a new turn.

She is on a two-year contract with the marketing team of Haeseong Group.

Before her father went bankrupt 10 years ago, she used to be the original 'girl crush.' Everyone admires her competitive spirit and cheerful personality.

Now she only dreams of being a full-time employee of the Haeseong Group.

When that dream is shattered by a friend, she hits rock bottom.

Then, like a miracle, she gets a chance to reverse her life as the daughter of Haeseong Group.

She chooses to take the silver spoon and live a glamorous life.

But unexpected challenges are waiting for her.

He is Ji-An’s high school friend.

With a major in interior design, he runs a DIY furniture shopping mall.

He has a cheerful and feisty personality, but he also has a cranky side and his likes and dislike are very clear.

Ever since he fell in love with Ji-An at first sight in high school, he has had a crush on her.

He does not realize that Ji-Soo, who has a crush on him, is Ji-An’s twin sister.

Ji-An’s twin sister; After graduating from vocational college, she has been making a living as a part-timer for years.

She is without a worry in the world.

Since she loves bread so much, she gets a job at a local bakery.

Without knowing the relationship between Ji-An and Sunwoo, she has a secret crush on Sunwoo.

When her twin sister enters the chaebol family, she learns the secret behind her birth and becomes confused.

Tae-Soo has been the breadwinner for his family for his entire life.

He previously had a successful life as a self-made man, but after going bankrupt some years earlier, he has been working as a day laborer.

She thought she would live as a housewife without ever having to get her hands dirty.

Her pride is battered with her husband Tae-Soo’s bankruptcy.

Reality makes her feel miserable.

She prays that her daughter Ji-An, who enters a chaebol family, does not end up like her.

The drama became one of the fastest-growing in ratings among KBS2 TV series in the same timeslot, starting with 19.7% for the first episode and surpassing 30% mark (30.9%) in 8 episodes.[9] It went on to become the fastest to reach the National Drama level of 40% rating (41.2% in 30 episodes) among KBS2 TV series in the same timeslot.[10][11] The drama was praised as an atypical family drama, avoiding cliches such as family conflicts and typical Cinderella stories, instead focusing on pursuing personal happiness based on one's own decision.[12] It was praised for sensitively drawn characters, emotional details and family histories;[13] which successfully established an emotional connection between the viewers and the protagonists.[14] Because of its popularity, it was also the first KBS2 drama in the same time slot to have a special episode.

The 2½-hour program consisted of behind-the-scenes footage, cast and staff interviews, director's cuts of the first 10 episodes.

It aired on October 4, 2017 from 3:25 to 6 pm (KST) during the Chuseok national holiday period.[15] In this table, the blue numbers represent the lowest ratings and the red numbers represent the highest ratings.

Seo Taiji and Boys III

Seo Taiji and Boys III is the third studio album by Korean musical group Seo Taiji and Boys.

With over 1.6 million copies sold, it is one of the best-selling albums in South Korea.

This third album switched gears to being much more heavy metal and rock driven.

It was partially recorded in Los Angeles using American session musicians.[1] The danceable tunes are nearly non-existent except "Balhaereul Ggumggumyeo" (발해를 꿈꾸며, "Dreaming of Balhae"), an alternative rock song which indicates a hope of reuniting North and South Korea.

Instead, songs such as the controversial "Gyoshil Idea" (교실 이데아, "Classroom Idea") with death growl vocals by Ahn Heung-chan of thrash metal band Crash take center stage.

The version of the album included in Seo Taiji's 15th anniversary box set adds a remix of "Gyoshil Idea" and six live tracks, including a cover of "Farewell to Love" originally by Seo's previous band Sinawe.

The songs "Classroom Idea", "Dr.

Jekyll and Mr.

Hyde" and "It's My Business" highly criticized the older generation of Koreans and their education system.[2] "Classroom Idea" was extremely critical of the education system and the pressure placed on the country's youth to succeed academically.

The fact that Seo is a high school dropout himself added to the discussion, with the group labelled as a negative influence to young people.[3][4] The song was banned from TV and radio, even though the government run Public Performance Ethics Committee gave the song a pass.[2] Shortly after the album's release, the group were accused of backmasking Satanic messages in their songs, specifically in "Classroom Idea".

Although the mainstream news media later proved these accusations to be based on extremely tenuous evidence, the moral panic proved difficult to eliminate entirely.[4][5] Seo Taiji and Boys won a Golden Disc Award for "Balhaereul Ggumggumyeo" in 1994.[6] In April 1996, Billboard reported that the album had sold over 1.6 million copies.[7] Kyunghyang Shinmun ranked the album number 57 on its 2007 list of the Top 100 Pop Albums.[8] English titles are based on the official translations provided by the Seotaiji Company for international markets.

All tracks are written by Seo Taiji, except track 9 lyrics by Yang Hyun-suk, and track 13 lyrics by Kim Jong-seo and music by Kim Jong-seo and Shin Daechul.

The Villainess

The Villainess (Korean name 악녀; Ak Nyeo) is a 2017 South Korean action film directed by Jung Byung-gil, starring Kim Ok-vin.[2] The film had its world premiere at the 70th Cannes Film Festival in May 2017.[3][4][5] According to the director and writer, the movie was inspired by the European film La Femme Nikita (1990), which he had seen at the age of 10[6][7].

In the opening scene, an unnamed highly skilled and trained assassin enters a hallway and kills numerous people with her gun and knives before being surrounded by cops and smiling a grim smile.

The assassin is shown in a room in an unnamed facility.

She is drugged and is given plastic surgery.

While recuperating, she has a flashback showing an unnamed man with a mustache trying to resuscitate her after a breath holding exercise.

He is calling her Sook-hee.

The facility turns out to be part of South Korea's intelligence agency and is run by a woman named Kwon-sook.

Kwon-sook tells Sook-hee that to give her a new start the agency has faked her death.

Kwon-sook tells her they have given her a new identity and name, Chae Yeon-soo.

Yeon-soo says she doesn't care and wants to die.

Kwon-sook tells Yeon-soo she is pregnant.

Kwon-sook offers her a deal: train with her as an agent, work as an agent, and she will have freedom after 10 years of service.

Yeon-soo accepts and while in training, gives birth to a daughter, Eun-hye.

Still at the facility, Yeon-soo is having a procedure to remove a tattoo from her shoulder and while this is happening, she has a flashback to the unnamed man with a mustache giving her the shoulder tattoo when she was 20-year-old Sook-hee.

Another flashback occurs, and we again see 20-year-old Sook-hee as a highly skilled and trained assassin trying to kill an unnamed man with yellow teeth.

Sook-hee is captured and, while beating her, the unnamed man with yellow teeth tells her he did not kill her father.

Eventually, the unnamed man with a mustache arrives, shoots the man with yellow teeth, and frees Sook-hee.

The flashback continues, and we see Sook-hee as an 8-year-old being trained to load a pistol by the unnamed man with a mustache.

The man tells the young Sook-hee to devote her life as an assassin to him.

Kwon-sook gives Yeon-soo a folder with the info for her first "assignment." When she kills the target, she looks up to see a young girl on the stairs.

This triggers a flashback to 7-year-old Sook-hee seeing her father killed.

Sook-hee is hiding under a bed and doesn't get a look at the killer's face; she only hears him whistling an eerie tune.

When a man comes back into the room, we are shown that this person is Jang-Chun, the unnamed man with yellow teeth.

Jang-Chun was a friend of Sook-hee's father.

Her father had stolen a diamond.

Jang-Chun sells Sook-hee to a prostitution ring.

Sook-hee is about to be raped by a prostitution client when the unnamed man with a mustache arrives and rescues her.

We learn his name is Lee Joong-sang.

And we learn how it came about that Joong-sang trained Sook-hee to be this killing machine and why she is so devoted to him.

Having completed her first assignment, Yeon-soo is released from the facility and will continue to work for the agency from her own apartment that she shares with her daughter Eun-hye.

Unknown to Yeon-soo, Kwon-sook has placed a male agent in the apartment beside Yeon-soo's apartment.

His name is Jung Hyun-soo, and he is to befriend Yeon-soo and keep tabs on her.

After a few meetings with each other, Yeon-soo asks Hyun-soo out.

While noticing Hyun-soo's tie, Yeon-soo is reminded of a tie she gave to Joong-sang.

It is revealed in flashbacks that Sook-hee and Joong-sang had gotten married.

We learn in a flashback that the marriage was not the same for Joong-sang as it was for Sook-hee.

We learn that Sook-hee says that she is willing to let go of her thirst for revenge if she can get married and live a normal life.

Joong-sang sees that his trained assassin would no longer be of much use, so he sets up an act.

He stages a wedding with her and pays people to attend the wedding and while on their honeymoon, he fakes saving a gang member called Choi Chun-Mo and stages his own death.

When Sook-hee hears he is dead, she loses her mind and goes on a killing rampage and takes out the whole gang (who she thinks is behind Joong-sang's death).

Joong-sang has eliminated his rivals and Joong-sang expects Sook-hee to be killed because of her rage and the sheer numbers of the gang.

But they are no match.

This is the opening scene of the movie.

While on a mission together with Min-ju, a classmate from the facility, Yeon-soo is caught stealing a phone, and in the ensuing fight, Min-ju is killed.

The info from the phone has documents about Choi Chun-Mo and the agency is worried that since Yeon-soo knew him, she may be a double-agent.

Hyun-soo comforts Yeon-soo and this brings them closer together.

Yeon-soo continues to live at the apartment and the agency has figured their next target for her.

The agency wants to do an assassination from a wedding catering company, so it decides to arrange a wedding between Hyun-soo and Yeon-soo.

In a callback to the earlier story, the agency pays people to attend the wedding, and Yeon-soo in her wedding gown aims a rifle out a window to her target, whom she sees through the rifle scope.

The target is Joong-sang.

She can't kill him, shocked that he's still alive.

Joong-sang backtracks the location from which the shots come and identifies Yeon-soo as Sook-hee from the wedding photos.

He makes contact with Yeon-soo to verify that it is actually her.

He tapes a conversation of the agency and sends it to Yeon-soo.

The conversation reveals that Hyun-soo is actually an undercover agent.

She turns on the agency.

The agency takes Yeon-soo into custody.

In the meanwhile, Joong-sang's gang gets to Hyun-soo and Eun-hye.

Hyun-soo tries to tell Joong-sang (on the phone) that Eun-hye is, in fact, Joong-sang's daughter hoping for all the killing to stop.

Joong-sang doesn't care for the little girl and tells Hyun-soo to kill the kid in exchange for his own life.

Hyun-soo tries to fight the gang but is knocked unconscious and left with the little girl and a bomb.

Joong-sang stages a "rescue" of Yeon-soo from the agency's custody.

As she reaches her apartment, she watches as the bomb goes off and Hyun-soo and her daughter both die.

She thinks it's the work of the agency.

She goes to confront Kwon-sook, but Kwon-sook has news for her: Hyun-soo had found Jang-Chun, the unnamed man with yellow teeth, and got to know everything.

This interview was recorded on surveillance tape.

Kwon-sook plays the tape for Yeon-soo.

Yeon-soo is consumed with revenge.

Yeon-soo tracks down Joong-sang and his gang to a parking garage.

She kills all the gang members in the garage and confronts Joong-sang, who escapes to the street and meets his remaining gang members; they all speed off in a shuttle bus.

Yeon-soo chases after them.

She catches up to the bus, boards it, crashes the bus, and finally holds an axe over Joong-sang's head.

He puts his head down and starts whistling an eerie tune.

She strikes Joong-sang in the head with the axe before walking out of the wreckage with the police surrounding her; she smiles a grim smile.

The Villainess was released in South Korean cinemas on June 8, 2017.

According to the distributor Next Entertainment World the film was sold prior to the local release to 115 countries including North America, South America, France, Germany, Spain, Italy, Australia, Taiwan and the Philippines.[8] Later it was sold to additional territories which includes Japan, China, Singapore, India increasing to a total of 136 countries worldwide.[9] The Villainess received a four-minute standing ovation at Cannes Film Festival.[10] The film was also screened at the 16th New York Asian Film Festival which was held from June 30 to July 16, 2017.

At the festival, the film received the Daniel E.

Craft Award for Excellence in Action Cinema.[11] On review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes, the film has a "Certified Fresh" approval rating of 83% based on 71 reviews with an average rating of 6.9/10.

The site's critical consensus reads, "The Villainess offers enough pure kinetic thrills to satisfy genre enthusiasts -- and carve out a bloody niche for itself in modern Korean action cinema." Review aggregator website Metacritic gave the film a rating of 64 out of 100, indicating "generally favorable reviews".[12]

why set up a local company in the united arab emirates

Dubai is a well-respected pathway to the East, and since it became a financial hub, companies that engage in all types of business activities are now looking to establish a presence here.

Setting up a Local Company is an excellent way to enable you to have a presence in Dubai as well as operate within the local jurisdiction.The important issues to consider when establishing local companies include the availability of excellent ties with local partners.

UAE law dictates that 51% of the shareholding of a local company must be held by a UAE national.You should look to secure local partners who are able to give you the comfort and security to run your business in the UAE market with confidence.

Another important legal consideration revolved around the agreements which you will form with your local partner.

It is also important the activities are legal and regulated.

Here, it is important to note that Limited Liability Companies (LLC) are relatively flexible in that they enable any legal business to be carried out in the Local Market , other than insurance, banking, or investment businesses.You have various options when it comes to incorporation of a local company, and the seven categories of business organization defined by the Law are: General Partnership Company, Simple Limited Partnership, Private Joint Stock Company, Limited Liability Company and Partnership Limited with Shares.The most common business structure chosen is the LLC, which is characterized by limited liability.

Each of the partners shall only be liable to the extent of his or her share in the capital.

how to optimize a website for local search ranking

As searches for products and services in the locality increased,�local SEO has become a hot topic of discussion in Google and other search engines.

More people are looking for local stores and businesses offering a particular service online; it has become necessary for a company to rank higher in the local search result for traffic and sales.�Businesses looking to succeed in the neighborhood can not achieve so quickly.

The�local SEO services�need an approach to come up in ranking in the search result, but it requires a dedicated and continuous effort to dominate online search.��Companies looking to dominate online search ranking need to optimize their websites according to the latest local SEO service guidelines and best practices.

Here are seven proven methods to optimize a website for local search ranking immediately:��1.

Optimize the homepage��The homepage is the main page of a website that contains information about the location, services or products, aim, and objective of the company.

Mentioning every detail on the homepage becomes easy for Google to understand the company and store it in the proper category to show on a relevant search result.

Further, pages must contain title tags, header tags, and meta descriptions to inform Google.��2.

Create product pages, services, and location��Proper optimization of a website with dedicated pages for products, services, and locations is essential for SEO point of view.

Submit the product or service schema in the pages to give a clearer picture of the sitemap for search engine robots to understand.

It is an essential activity for businesses to rank higher in search results.��It is further vital to optimize a website according to the geographic locations if there are multiple locations of the company in different cities or neighborhoods.

In this way, the chance of showing the nearest stores according to the query increases higher for a company.��3.

Create Google My Business page��For every business operating online or offline, it is necessary to have a Google my business listing page.

Claiming the GMB may not be easy as listing the firm has over 2,000 categories.

Choose the accurate description of the business to avoid conflicting with the objective.

While optimizing the GMB, it is essential to use primary and LSI keywords in the content to increase the chance of ranking higher in the local area.��Businesses having multiple stores in the region must apply for a GMB page for each store to show the physical location to potential customers.��4.

Update NAP citation on the website��Update the exact Name, Address, and Phone number on the website as precisely listed on the GMB page.

The NAP update is mostly found in the footer of a website, but a website needs to have a positive impact on local search engine optimization service.��5.

Business listing on local directories��The business listing in the local directories and citation building is an integral part of the local SEO services.

It is crucial to building listing with reliable directories relevant to the business categories and services to get the desired result.

Listing is vital for the�SEO link building services for local ranking for a business.

But, there should be proper formatting and representation of the company’s information, as mentioned on the GMB page.

Otherwise, there may be conflict in knowledge leading to confusion for the search engine algorithm.��6.

Reviews and testimonials��Reviews and testimonials play an important role in the future ranking of a local business.

Ask reviews from customers on the products and services to show on the pages.

Local stores with higher reviews may enjoy a more top ranking on the search result due to favorable testimonials from genuine customers.

So, it is an essential activity in the local SEO game.��7.

Use best SEO practices for optimization and promotion��Search engine optimization is an outstanding service that helps in increasing the ranking of a website organically.

Adopt the best SEO practices with relevant content strategy, social media signal building, and quality link building help in achieving top ranking with a short time.

However, a business may get such services only from a reliable�SEO services company to get local search results immediately.

Outsource the project to an SEO expert to help in increasing the website’s ranking and traffic instead of applying some random methods for promotion.��Key takeaways��Ranking a website on a local search result needs a continuous effort with proven strategies and optimization.

Instead of adopting random SEO techniques, it is necessary to use proven strategies to achieve top local search ranking for a website.

The proven SEO service will help in driving traffic, visibility, and reach to potential customers.��

local seo company in houston solidify your local business

Continue reading the article to determine the vitality to work with a local SEO company in Houston to business expansionLocal SEO has earned huge importance in the digital marketing world that helps your business page to get visibility to the local searches looking for products or services that you deal with.

In fact, local search results appear more meaningful to local searchers simply because they prefer to procure them locally through online or offline stores.

An efficient�local SEO company in Houston can help you reach the highest number of your valued customers according to your geographic location.How Local SEO works?Simply put as your potential business buyers’ search anything of their need on Google, the search engine instantly delivers results relevant to that particular locality.

More specifically, when they search mentioning the name of a certain city or neighborhood, it’ll further narrow down their search results focusing on that exact location.

Especially for a small and medium business that typically depends on the local market, consideration of local SEO has been critical.

Not only local SEO contributes a lot to boost your business ranking but it helps your business in different ways to flourish.

Let’s have a lookؠ Increases Local ExposureThe whole objective of including local SEO in your online marketing plan is that it’ll concentrate on all local market areas where your business is operational.

For example, if you’re headquartered in Houston and involved in the food business with branches in cities like Baytown, Deer Park, Lake Jackson, or La Porte, it’s vital for you to get increased local online exposure to drive more customers to your business.

With great tools and techniques, advertising in online local classified and other means a local SEO company in Houston can brilliantly enhance your local business exposure.ؠ More Conversion RateGiven that local SEO company in Houston helps driving more potential traffic, that automatically yields faster and better conversion rate.

Consumers who are looking for more localized companies to meet their necessities and avail better service tend to convert the average of your prospects to loyal customers.

According to surveys, with effective local SEO, you can easily attain a conversion rate by 3:1 (one loyal customer out of three leads) which ends with 33% rate of conversion, just more than amazing.ؠ Get Brand Image LocallyNo wonder, with limited resources, for SEMs it’s vital to convey about their presence in the market to people residing in the city or zone.

Even without having a website, that needs you to invest quite a lot for developing it, with local SEO you can boost your brand awareness locally, grow your business and advance toward a bigger market.

By posting blogs, local updates, and online customer communication, you become a trusted company in the market.

According to Google, 50% + consumers with smartphones undergo local searches, typically visit the shop within a day, or communicate online with the enquiry.ؠ Trusted Business PartnerWhile entering in overseas business partnership might not be possible for you being a small business entrepreneur, assisted by local SEO companies in Houston, not only you gain more customers but equally the marketers involved in the same business.

This helps both enterprises enter into a potential joint venture, add on new product lineups, and reach the greater market network.

If effectively undergone, both associates can enjoy a stronger presence in the highly competitive market environment.

local seo companies are growing in popularity

Local web marketing is getting more and more popular by the day.

An SEO company in your area can help you market to local residents.The internet is truly a beautiful thing when it comes to commerce and one of its main advantages is that it allows you to reach customers globally no matter where you are based.But this global reach is not something that is desirable for all businesses.Certain small business owners only operate within a certain area.For example, carpet cleaning services, local movers or restaurants.There are also consumers who would rather shop at a place that feels local to them, rather than national or international.This applies not only to physical shops, but to the online world as well.Some studies have suggested that consumers are more willing to trust a business that is based in their local community when they do their online shopping.

This is where a Boston Web Developmentfirm can come in handy for businesses that are based in the Boston area.A local marketing firm is more likely to understand the unique challenges that online business promotion in the Boston area brings.They would more likely know what Boston residents prefer to buy and how they shop online.This is why Boston Search Engine Marketingcompanies are currently thriving.

But what if you own or plan to open up a business that conducts its operations across the country or across the world? Will you be left out of this new trend? Actually, you dont have to.Just take a look at the advertising that you see when you visit many popular websites.You will notice that a lot of the ads mention the name of your city and are thus targeted towards local residents.So, lets say that you run a website that provides information on restaurant deals around the nation.You could create sections of your website that will deal with various cities in the US.A Boston Online Marketingagency can provide you with a lot of help in putting together, operating and promoting the section of your website that is geared towards residents of Boston.Your pages will be designed in a way that appeals to local visitors.Also, advanced local search engine optimization techniques will be used so that people who live in the Boston area are more likely to end up on your website when looking for restaurant deals.You will also be given choices of advertising options and can place ads on sites that are frequented by Boston residentsHealth Fitness Articles, which will allow your site to get even more local traffic.

how to find a local mover

America is a mobile nation and Americans are as mobile today as they have ever been even in today�s harsh economic landscape.

Of course not all moves are long distance across the country type move...

online and local cad drafting companies

There is only so much business a company can get from it's local resources, and the internet can expose a company to the entire world with the right marketing techniques.After several years within the CAD drafting field, and working mostly for local companies I realized that the internet had opened a world for CAD drafting companies, and that it needed to be tapped into.

There is only so much business a company can get from it's local resources, and the internet can expose a company to the entire world with the right marketing techniques.

In the past a company or individual who needed CAD or Drafting work done would have to contact their local drafting company.

Since the internet has exposed millions of companies with new forms of advertisement the old way of doing business has changed forever.��������������� There are quite a few advantages of having an online company, and having this company perform the work you need.

The first and most important advantage to online CAD drafting companies is the cost of production.

When work is done with one of these companies they can afford to cut cost which saves the consumer money.

Electronic files can be transferred instantly from the convenience of one's home to the online CAD firm where they can receive things like drawing's, sketches, pictures, 2D blueprints, dimensions and more.

This is also the case when the 3D Design is completed, the online company can send the blueprints to the customer's closest printing shop whether it's Staples, The Office Depot, or any company that prints and has internet access.

��������������� Another advantage to these online CAD drafting companies is their ability to specialize in more than one field of expertise.

Most CAD or Drafting companies only specialize in Architecture, Machine and Mechanical Drafting, Civil Drafting, Electronic or Electrical Drafting, and 3D Modeling where as these online CAD companies have professionals in every field of CAD design.

In this situation cost are also reduced because all the 3D CAD models are all designed under the same roof in the United States, and nothing has to be sent to some other country for outsourcing where dimensions get mistranslated and all sorts of problems can arise.

This always leads to marked up pricing, late design target dates, and a bad situation for the consumer.

what you can expect from companies offering local seo services in india

Local SEO is particularly helpful for mid-sized and small businesses targeting people of a specific geographic location.

Best local SEO services and plans intend to build up and strengthen your presence on the internet through best location-based keywords and content optimization.

You need to choose an SEO company that provides customized local SEO services to meet the unique business needs of your organization.

Don’t just choose a company that is offering affordable SEO plans.

You must make sure the services included in the plan are meeting your company’s business objectives.Many businesses, especially the smaller and medium ones target people of a particular geographical area.

To attract higher traffic to your website, you need to target keywords that are locally or regionally used.

Content should also be locally relevant.

Companies offering local seo services in India create high quality on-page and off-page content that would benefit the local businesses’ online marketing techniques.On-page local SEO servicesIf you want your website to be optimized for the search engines, you need to work upon on-page local SEO strategy.

It means finding what your target audience or potential customers are looking for and how they are using the internet to find information.

On-page optimization involves use of description tags, title tags and other on-page factors that are crucial for online marketing.

Indian companies providing top-class local SEO services have full knowledge of how Google and the rest of the search engines rank websites or blogs.

Through various on-page local SEO services, your site can have better visibility, relevance and structure.

In addition to these, best of search engine optimization firms help to build effective social media connections through generation of high-quality social media content.Producing quality contentTop companies offering�local seo services in India ensure your site becomes more visible on popular search engines to get noticed by maximum targeted local audience.

The firms try to get all-natural inbound links acquired through community, relationships and manual submission.

This requires producing quality content that attract more attention online.

With Google relying on high-quality backlinks, quality content can surely keep your website high on Google and other top search engines.Local SEO benefitAnother crucial aspect of local SEO is providing your company’s name, website, address and business in front of the people that you are targeting.

There are many popular online directories where you must include your physical address, your zip code, city and state to get easily indexed and referenced by search engine spiders.

Your site must be registered with each local directory that covers your area.

The hyperlinks to your site will help you get increased traffic.One of the best ways to achieve optimum results is by using Google Maps.

Such practices will help you get easily noticed by millions of searchers.

relevance of local seo services for online growth of a business

Local SEO is a potent method to promote small or medium scale business to the local customers, online.

With the help of local SEO services, local customers can get products at a specific time within their proximity.

These services enable stability to a business and help in getting high-quality traffic resulting in high rates of conversion.

Various strategies are applied to attain this, which might differ from the ones applied for standard SEO.

The best Local SEO company in a particular area can be approached for any Local SEO related service.Local SEO provides solutions that are more specific to the existing location used during the search.

For instance, a user looking for a coffee shop on his computer (which includes a location or ‘near me’), Google will get results that are nearest to him.

Search engines comprehend the user's query and provide accurate results on the search engine result pages (SERPs).�To add more insight into local SEO, the ways to optimize websites for providing upgraded browsing benefits have been segregated in 5 categories:�Optimize the Homepage:�The homepage should contain all information related to the location, line of business and owner details.

It makes it easier to understand the different components of a business.

These components should be implicit in the page title tag, header tag and meta description.�Enhance the Meta Data:�This is an essential factor in establishing the first impression of the user’s homepage as well as helps in its ranking.

The name of the city where the user wants to concentrate his business should be included in the title tags of the page.

The area or region of the business and the products and services it specializes in should also be mentioned in the page title tags.

To make things more inclusive, it is quite essential to state all information clearly, thus, resulting in getting the optimum results.�Every Product, Service and Location should have a Dedicated Page:�As per ideal SEO practice (2019), there should be a dedicated page for every product or service offered.

It is beneficial whenever a specific offer or scheme is administered to a particular product or service it can be directly done on the designated page itself.

By doing this, the search engines will have a coherent sitemap enabling high rankings for the product page with the specific offer.

Consulting the Local SEO company can provide more inputs into the matter.�Create Social Media Listings:�Social media visibility is quite essential and beneficial for any business.

The online visibility of the business through these platforms (Twitter, Facebook, LinkedIn, Instagram, etc.) will contribute to driving more organic traffic and in turn, raise the ranking for the local SEO.

Any number or kind of content can be handled for any number of locations suitable for the business.Manage Reviews:Customers always welcome reviews before they go for a new product or service.

Good reviews always act as an icing on a cake for any product or service.

It serves as one of the criteria for the search engines while finding the best results during a particular search analysis.�To develop a business in a particular area and to attract its local customers, it is advisable to take the help of Local SEO Services.

SEO can work wonders for a business if appropriately deployed.

Right from getting the exact keywords for driving more traffic resulting in high conversion rates and also optimizing the local search properties so that it can be easily found in the local search results.

It becomes convenient to earn the customer’s trust with high rankings on search engine result pages.�Why do you need a Local SEO Company?�Every website or business needs to be appropriately optimized to get considerable high ranks on the search engine platforms.

It increases its visibility and helps in getting more potential customers to visit the website leading to future conversions.

While doing so, the SEO takes into consideration few factors like quality of the website, its popularity and the positive and negative reviews.

Without these, it becomes difficult for the search engine platforms to decide the ranking of the websites.This is when a Local SEO Company comes into the picture.

To promote a local business online, the local SEO company provides adequate marketing techniques.

It analyses the competitiveness of the market and takes prompt actions accordingly.

It helps to evaluate the current online visibility of the business and takes necessary measures to increase the visibility leading to increased organic traffic and high conversion rates.

local movers reasons to choose a moving company near you

Before you move to a new home in the same city, you should consider why using local movers can be helpful.

Learn the advantages of this type of company.

local movers information you need before hiring a company

It takes very little effort at all to hire local movers.

But while picking a name from the phone book will get someone out to your house, it will do very little to ensure you have hired a quality company.

know about hiring a good seo company for your local needs

The use of localized keywords would definitely limit the search to the local websites as compared to a global search in which the surfer could easily miss the local information due to the vastness of the results.

finding a good local moving company 8 steps

When it�s time to move, hiring a good local moving company will make the process easier.

Here are 8 steps to choosing a quality company.

how an seo company could help your local business

Big companies spend vast sums of money on their digital marketing and SEO, so it can be hard to imagine that much smaller businesses are able to outrank these giant corporations.

However, this is poss...

the power of a good local marketing company

if you are running a small business, you need to hire an experienced and highly reputed local marketing company that can provide affordable marketing solutions to reach your potential audience.Within the US there are hundred, thousands of marketing companies.

With so many companies, it’s almost impossible to find the one that would be great to work with.

Many business owners would like to work with a local branding firm, as the agency will naturally be more responsive to local clients rather than one that is the other end of the country.

Hiring a�local marketing company can be beneficial for you in the long run.

A local branding company has the experience in a certain industry.

On top of that, local firms understand the local concepts, preferences, lifestyle and local vocabulary of the people who live and work there.

Many marketing agencies are now specialized in certain industry sectors.

When these agencies work with clients, they do a great job and are recommended to the client's friends (within the same vicinity) and this definitely lead to the firms having 85% or so clients in one industry.So, it’s the best approach to hire a company that exists in your areas.

It’s obvious that the company in the Washington cannot understand the business needs of a client who lives in Alaska.

Because of the different culture and linguistics, it’s difficult for the company to analyze your business, target market, etc.

In order to market a product or service, it’s necessary to have a vast knowledge or background in a certain market.You can go through the testimonials and reviews of the clients to see whether the company is credible or not.

Make sure that the local branding company responds their clients.

Acknowledgments on the reviews and messages of potential customers are the sign of a reliable and reputable firm.

This will save both times and also hassle in calling round agencies to get quotes, trying to get the responses and communicating to the right person, but also in getting the best deal to pursue your business career in the right way.Today, more and more businesses are conducted online and via email and telephone.

By hiring a local company, you can meet with your marketing professionals, bringing samples of your brand or demonstrating your services.

These firms can give you feasible business and social media solutions.

They build your strong connections with an audience on social media platforms through conversations and speak on behalf of you.

Thus, when looking for a marketing company, take the time to locally, especially if you do business locally.

This will lead your business towards success.

need to hire a web designing company

Utilizing a web design contributes a lot for your business activities.

It gives your business a more local feel when the designing company is local to the products and services you offer.If you are running a successful business then you need to design your own website for your online presence.

If we really want to upgrade your business on a high range then it is needed to launch a new website.

Launching a new web site can be exciting period of time.

Prior to hiring the website design agency London, a person should know what to look in the companies while you are hiring them for designing.One thing that a person should must look upon while hiring a web design agency London company are some of the facts that are needed to be considered before we hire some services.

The first thing is what kind of sites they have helped design before.

This information can be a challenge to come by, but many of the companies will be more than happy to tell you what websites they helped designed if they are allowed to.

However, if the company is not willing to show a person any sites then they may want to question how good of a job they do.Something else that a person must consider when trying to find the best web Design Agency�London is how long it will take them to complete the job.

Getting your own website up and running is always a great thing to do, but a person normally only has a limited amount of time to get the site up before your domain comes to end.

Then you have to re-list your domain.

At this stage a person needs to know how long the company will take to launch the site designed and how long will it take to renew the activation of site launched.One can also design his own web site built but it really needs some brilliant performance and proper timings.

According to me if you are running a good business then you must consider the design of the website to be preferred bydesign agency London.

The reason people spend their money on hiring best professionals for creating their website is simple.

They want their web site to be designed best and different.

In order to have a great and well dignified web page with lots and lots of visitors you need to deal with the design agency London.

Web design agency London is important because it is a key factor to enroll your site amongst business marketing.

The web page needs to be functionally pleasing to the user.

Some most important things that your website needs to find on your webpage are all the proper information of your products or your services within the proper logos.Before you look for adesign agency London you must check on some basic qualities to be needed in a design agency London.

When looking for the team of professionals in web design it is important to know that the web designers of the company are highly experienced.

They should possess enough creativity in their designs to make the site look great.

A true professional will design the website so that it looks very creative and complete.Therefore if you are interested in making the website designs of your company to present your business views among the site visitors you can suggest favoring our site.

Our company provides the best and true professionals with high expertise creativity.

For more information you can log upon to our website http://www.301.co.uk

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SEO is not a new term in online marketing environment but after recent reshuffles in the Google's search results algorithms, it has become again a hot topic of debate.

The major concern of small business players with limited budget is about the effectiveness of Search Engine Optimization because Google repeats its commitment to give priority to the most authentic information considering geographical attribute.

Most of Internet Marketing Experts have common opinion- "Local SEO has become more powerful than it used to be and will be more delivering in near future, provided, it is strategic and aligned to guidelines".

Therefore, outsourcing local Search Engine Optimization services at reasonable price is a reliable power bank for the internet marketing, especially, for the businesses targeting local audience.

Cheap Local SEO Packages Or Traditional SEO Packages: When you approach a SEO Company to hire Search Engine Optimization services, you come across two common options- local SEO or traditional (organic) Search Engine Optimization.

Choose the one or the both.

What is the logic? Local SEO is oriented to geographical components while organic SEO is planned for global audience.

Organic SEO revolves around the business website to improve the ranking in search results for better traffic.

Organic SEO and local SEO don't target the same rank SERPs.

According to a combined statement by Google and Bing, almost 20% desktop users are interested more in local results while the figure for the mobile users go even up to 50%.

If the prime concern is sale through local audience local then SEO services should be the preferred choice; while, the traditional Search Engine Optimization Packages are designed especially for global branding, ranking, awareness and enquiries etc.

Benefits Of Hiring The Best Local SEO Company At Low Cost: The common perspective is that outsourcing the best Search Engine Optimization services will cost more; seems true but it is not.

A strategic approach may help you to get the early benefits of hiring the local SEO Company within low budget.

You don't need necessarily to involve all the promotional activities in SEO package; optimize it as per objectives and business's niche.

Tailor made local Search Engine Optimization services package saves considerably and start delivering earlier.

It is easy to monitor the outcome of particular practice in small packages and to re-plan for the next month.

So, what should be attributes of local SEO package or how to boost up the results? Here is the start up checklist:

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Most likely, there is a need to stand out from the rest of the world.

Unquestionably that makes a point that every fruitful task is never at only one stage.

There is undoubtedly a need to take hold of the battleground with legitimate arranging and best steps taken towards the best planning.

Such a way of work or the system is been viewed as the most proper and best-working one.

This is exceptionally valid and holds the best practice to bring the best outcomes basically in all things! In this way, when it is made to work out with having the best effect on the world, it is certain to be done in the little small steps taken on the principal note bringing a change in the business practice and impact making strategy with the help of a SEO link building service India.

Henceforth it is the best technique to focus on the nearby market when the discussion is related to working out the SEO practices utilizing the best website design and traffic fetching practices.

Local SEO - Do We Understand It Well? As the name recommends the focused region is very little.

Subsequently, most devoted and appropriately conceived techniques could be utilized very well, which draws out the best and most encouraging outcomes.

How Unique Is It? Utilizing of Long tail keywords alongside Google Maps SEO strategies help in making a customer's site to be easily searched online.

This even helps in making sure that the services are working with the primary goal as of making the SEO strategies not the same as the National, global and overall SEO systems.

Essentially, this procedure is less complex and less exhaustive as the web searchers have been centered now on the local markets! Is It Extremely Advantageous? Certainly, it is! That is the point at which the individual looks for a specific practice of utilizing the long tail keyword.

This could be normally a term to bring more of business with a specific thing embedded.

Certainly looking for the outcomes in the specific zone of the city would enable one to wipe out the challenge offered for a similar specialty business from everywhere throughout the world, thus counting on the best local SEO services, is not at all a waste of time! That sounds interesting and many fascinating outcomes it brings also! Ntier Infotech takes great consideration of the different practices like the local posting of the site along with Google also, Map posting, market focus and spot site in Yahoo and Bing placed alongside Google.

All these help in referencing site as the best ranked up, in the particular area on the part of bringing its most significant services/products in light.

To be explicit in the various groups the team of Ntier Infotech even rehearses kml area posting, GEO-focusing on the sitemap, and website admin entries alongside numerous different practices to advise web indexes to rank the particular service for the specific zone, according to the need.

Thus making a selective standard set for the best SEO services India to be performed well and hence get on taking things in the best way possible.

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In today's world, marketing your business efficiently is integral to its success.

You can improve the overall branding strategy and increase your clientele by relying on a local SEO company in Bahrain.

Such services help in improving the position of your business on search engines and help in its promotion through prominent marketing platforms.

A local SEO company in Bahrain can bring about great success to your company or venture in the following ways: Reduced Costs When you are trying to a reach a wider audience globally, you would have to spend a significant sum of money on it.

On the other hand, targeting the local customers can be a feasible option, as the expense is less and the impact is magnified.

Running a business requires time, attention, and money.

By giving your entire focus on just one aspect, you will be making a flawed attempt at the promotion of your business.

Therefore, try to curb the costs by targeting the local market initially.

Extension of the Business Having an online presence means a lot because that will give more exposure to your business than anything else.

The internet has a very wide reach and can easily spread to a greater number of people in limited time.

It is a convenient way of letting your customers know more about you and to keep them updated with the latest happenings without wasting any time.

Exposure to the Local Market Through local SEO, you will be able to reach wider audiences surrounding your business.

It helps in targeting a specific region or a particular niche and this can do wonders for your business as reaching the right kind of audience will not be a trouble anymore.

Through digital marketing services in Bahrain, you can easily strengthen the online presence of your business and increase its brand awareness.

Less Competitive As compared to the global SEO, the local one is less competitive and helps you in fulfilling your goals with ease.

When you will be facing limited competition, your online visibility will increase drastically and this, in turn, will result in more website visits.

It is through local SEO and powerful digital marketing that you can avoid the tough competition on the web and can make those website visits convert into potential sales.

Relying on Modern Technology The marketing in this century is all about being visible to the people online.

We see that people access their smartphones, tablets, and wearables more than television and newspapers, thus, proving that the best way to reach a wider audience is through the internet.

The digital marketing services in Bahrain help you in optimizing the use of online platforms in the promotion of your business in the right places.

If you want to earn significant profits and are looking for some good return on your investment, relying on a local SEO company and digital marketing services becomes essential to give a good boost to your business.

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Local SEO Somerset | +44 7976 625722

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