Embedded Files
Martin van Meytens, Empress Maria Theresa, her husband Franz, and their children (including Joseph, later Emperor Joseph II, in the red suit).
Websites
Archival research on Viennese music by the Austrian musicologist Michael Lorenz michaelorenz.blogspot.com
Research project: Opera buffa in Vienna, 1763–1782 http://www.univie.ac.at/muwidb/operabuffa/projekt_en.htm
Neoclassicism (Metropolitan Museum of Art) http://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/neoc_1/hd_neoc_1.htm
Joseph Daniel von Huber's Bird's-Eye View of Vienna, 1778: http://teca.bncf.firenze.sbn.it/TecaViewer/index.jsp?RisIdr=BNCF0003495768
Musical Facsimile
Early manuscript full score of Gluck's Orfeo ed Euridice http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b74000745.r=Orfeo.langEN
A ball given by Empress Maria Theresa during Carnival 1744 in celebration of the wedding of her younger sister Marianne. The orchestra, arranged in two tiers, sits at the base of the far wall
Videos
Michael Haydn's Requiem in C minor (1771), in a strangely compelling multimedia production by Hannu Sonninen, conducted by Andres Mustonen: Youtube
Gluck's Orfeo ed Euridice in the eighteenth-century theater at Cesky Krumlov: Youtube
See also "Audio and Video Recordings to Accompany Anthology" (Click on left)
Recordings
Cecilia Bartoli: Gluck, Italian Arias, CD, Decca 2001
Natalie Dessay singing Mozart's "Popoli di Tessaglia," K. 316: Youtube
Reading
Brown, A. Peter. "Haydn and Mozart's 1773 Stay in Vienna: Weeding a Musicological Garden," Journal of Musicology 10 (1992), 192–230 JSTOR
Brown, Bruce Alan. “Maria Theresa’s Vienna,” The Classical Era: From the 1740s to the End of the 18th Century, ed. Neal Zaslaw (Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall, 1989), 99–125 Worldcat
Brown, Bruce Alan. Gluck and the French Theatre in Vienna (Oxford: Clarendon, 1991) Worldcat
Archduchess Marie Antoinette at the keyboard
Brown, Bruce Alan. "Zéphire et Flore: A 'Galant' Early Ballet by Angiolini and Gluck," Opera and the Enlightenment, ed. Thomas Bauman and Marita Petzoldt McClymonds (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1995), 189–216 Worldcat
Butler, Margaret. “Italian Opera in the Eighteenth Century,” The Cambridge History of Eighteenth-Century Music, Simon Keefe, ed. (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2009), 238–44 Worldcat
Chen, Jen-yen. "Catholic Church Music in Austria," The Cambridge History of Eighteenth-Century Music, Simon Keefe, ed. (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2009), 59–112 Worldcat
Godt, Irving. Marianna Martines: A Woman Composer in the Vienna of Mozart and Haydn, ed. John A. Rice (Rochester, NY: University of Rochester Press, 2010) Worldcat
Heartz, Daniel, Haydn, Mozart, and the Viennese School, 1740–1780 (New York: Norton, 1995) Worldcat
Landon, H. C. Robbins. Haydn: Chronicle and Works I: The Early Years (Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1980) Worldcat
Lorenz, Michael. “The Jenamy Concerto,” Newletter of the Mozart Society of America 10 (27 January 2005), 1–3 http://mozartsocietyofamerica.org/publications/newsletter/archive/MSA-JAN-05.pdf
MacIntyre, Bruce C. The Viennese Concerted Mass of the Early Classic Period (Ann Arbor: UMI, 1986) Worldcat
Bernardo Bellotto,
View of Vienna, 1759
Morrow, Mary Sue. “The Symphony in the Austrian Monarchy,” The Eighteenth-Century Symphony, ed. Mary Sue Morrow and Bathia Churgin (Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 2012), 411–71 Worldcat
Music in Eighteenth-Century Austria, ed. David Wyn Jones (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1996) Worldcat
Page, Janet K. "Music and the Royal Procession in Maria Theresia's Vienna," Early Music 27 (1999), 96–118 JSTOR
Le Turc généreux, a ballet performed in the Burgtheater in 1759, as depicted by Bernardo Bellotto
Rice, John A. Antonio Salieri and Viennese Opera (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1998) Worldcat
Riley, Matthew. The Viennese Minor-Key Symphony in the Age of Haydn and Mozart (New York: Oxford University Press, 2014) Worldcat
Taruskin, Richard. Oxford History of Western Music (New York: Oxford University Press, 2005), vol. 2, 452–59 Worldcat
Wangermann, Ernst. The Austrian Achievement, 1700–1800 (London: Thames and Hudson, 1973) Worldcat
Yonan, Michael. Empress Maria Theresa and the Politics of Habsburg Imperial Art (University Park: Penn State Press, 2011) Worldcat
Marianna Martines (1744–1812), Viennese composer, keyboard player, and singer
Study Guide
Some names, titles, and terms introduced in chapter 8
Habsburg dynasty
Holy Roman Empire
The monarchy
Emperor Charles VI
Johann Joseph Fux
Antonio Caldara
Kärntnertor Theater
Empress Maria Theresa
Burgtheater
Georg Christoph Wagenseil
Marie Antoinette, princess of Austria, later queen of France
Christoph Gluck
Je n'aimais pas le tabac beaucoup
classicism
neoclassicism
Johann Joachim Winckelmann
David Garrick
Francesco Algarotti
Jean-Georges Noverre
Ranieri de' Calzabigi
Gasparo Angiolini
Gaetano Guadagni
Orfeo ed Euridice
Che farò senza Euridice
Alceste
Johann Baptist Vanhal
Missa pastoralis
Maria Theresia von Paradis
Caterina and Marianna Auenbrugger
Joseph Auernhammer
Victoire Jenamy
Mozart, Piano Concerto in E flat, K. 271, "Jenamy"
Topic for discussion
Read the excerpt from Francesco Algarotti's Essay on the Opera in Strunk's Source Readings in Music History: The Late Eighteenth Century, ed. Wye Jamison Allanbrook (New York: Norton, 1998), 175–188. Algarotti's essay was published in 1755. In what ways are his ideas realized in Gluck's Orfeo, first performed seven years later? Seven years after the performance of Orfeo, Gluck and Calzabigi published a full score of the next work they wrote together, Alceste. In his preface to that score (reprinted in Strunk's Source Readings in Music History: The Late Eighteenth Century, 199–200), Gluck explained the aesthetic principles that underlie that opera. To what extent to those principles apply to Orfeo as well?
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