Syllabus

(e) redox reactions of metals with acids to form salts, including full equations

What does this mean?

In Year 9 you should have learned the general equation:

Metal + Acid → Salt + Water

And you probably learned it along with the neutralisation reactions of Acids and Bases.

But this is not just neutralisation because it also involves changes of Oxidation Number, which makes this a Redox reaction.

For instance,

Calcium + Sulphuric Acid → Calcium Sulphate + Hydrogen

Ca(s) + H2SO4(aq) → CaSO4(aq) + H2(g)

Calcium has gone from an element (Oxidation No.= 0) to a compound (Oxidation No. =+2)

This is Oxidation

Hydrogen has gone from a compound (Oxidation No. = +1) to an element (Oxidation No. = 0)

This is Reduction

The same would be true for any Metal-Acid combination as we can show through Ionic Equations for metals which form 1+, 2+ and 3+ ions respectively.

2M(s) + 2H+(aq) → 2M+(aq) + H2(g)

M(s) + 2H+(aq) → M2+(aq) + H2(g)

M(s) + 3H+(aq) → M3+(aq) + 1.5 H2(g)

Revision

.You still need to recall which acids make which salts:

That should allow you to write a balanced chemical equation for any combination of Metal & Acid.

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