Cider making involves more than promoting cider drinking and the preservation of cultural tradition. Cider making depends on the utilization of a wide range of cider apple cultivars. In turn, growing these apple trees creates habitat for birds, badgers, hedgehogs, deer, foxes, microorganisms such as yeast, and a whole host of insects and pollinators. This diversity is greatest when apple cultivars are grown on long-lived standard rootstocks. Biodiversity also increases when the orchard floor is used as a grassland to graze animals such as sheep or cows. Maximization of biodiversity comes when a hedge is grown around the orchard as a living fence instead of use of metal wire or deer fencing.