Social Service

SECTION-1

WEAKER SECTIONS OF OUR SOCIETY AND THEIR NEEDS

Ques 1 – What are the various weaker sections of Indian society?

Ans (a) Scheduled Caste (SC)

(b) Scheduled Tribes (ST).

Ques 2 - What are various arguments in favour of Reservation Policy?

Ans - (a) Social diversity is desirable in campuses and work places. It can bring out hidden talent of society.

(b) One way to do it is to provide relaxed entry criteria for under privileged groups.

(c) Hardship faced by those in general category is due to shortage of seats in professional colleges and shortage of employment opportunities and not due to reservation.

Ques 3 What are various points against reservation policy?

Ans - (a) Economic conditions should be the basis for reservation.

(b) Reservation decisions are taken keeping political interests in mind.

(c) Allocation of quotas on the basis of caste is a form of racial discrimination and thus contrary to right to equality.

(d) Merit is severely compromised by reserving seats for certain caste-based communities.

(e) Caste system is being kept alive by reservation policy.

Ques 4 – Write down contribution of NCC cadets to help the weaker section of our society?

Ans - (a) Help colleagues from weaker section of society in studies and to acquire vocational skills.

(b) Do not discriminate on the basis of social status of any one.

SECTION-2

SOCIAL SERVICE AND ITS NEED

Ques 1 – What are the various types of social services?

Ans - (a) Education.

(b) Family welfare, Medical care, Family planning and Nutrition.

(d) Old age support systems.

(e) Employment.

(f) Social assistance, Social security, Care & protection.

(g) Housing and Rehabilitation.

(h) Recreation, Sports and Social activities.

SECTION-3

FAMILY PLANNING

Ques 1 - Define family planning?

Ans - Family planning is defined as the voluntary, responsible decision made by individual and couples as to the desired family size and timing of birth.

Ques 2 – What are the various methods of family planning?

Ans - (a) Vasectomy.

(b) Tubectomy.

(d) Oral pills.

Ques 3 – What are the suggested measures to ensure sucess of family planning policy of the Govt?

Ans - These are as under : -

(a) Voluntary encouragement of family planning for healthy children

(b) Stringent laws and massive campaign through the electronic and print media to create conducive environment.

(d) Educating women particularly in backward areas.

(e) Early marriage be strictly checked and efforts be made to raise the living standard and improve literacy rate.

(f) Couples adopting family planning should be given all possible assistance.

(g) Provide basic health care facilities in the backward areas.

(h) Involvement of religious leaders in the programme.

(j) Development of rural areas.

SECTION-4

HIV/AIDS: CAUSES & PREVENTION

AND

CONTRIBUTION OF YOUTH TOWARDS PREVENTION OF AIDS

Ques 1 - Define HIV?

Ans - HIV (Human Immuno-deficiency Virus) is a virus that gradually destroys the body’s immune system.

Que 2 - Define AIDS?

Ans - AIDS (Acquired Immuno Deficiency Syndrome) is a condition wherein various diseases affect the body because of the body’s weak natural defence mechanism – the immunity.

Note - AIDS is an acquired condition in which a person may have various diseases that cause similar symptoms, all of which are due to the body’s diminished ability to fight diseases. Anyone who has HIV infection will develop AIDS over a period of time.

Ques 3. – How does HIV/AIDS spreads

Ans - (a) Sexual transmission

(b) Blood transfusion.

(d) Mother-to-child transmission during pregnancy, delivery or breastfeeding

Ques 4 - Is there any risk of HIV/AIDS infection due to blood donation?

Ans - Blood donation has no risk of getting HIV infection because the needles and other equipment used for collecting blood are safe.

Ques 5 – What are various methods to prevent HIV/AIDS?

Ans - There are four main methods which are as under : -

(a) Being in a mutually faithful sexual relationship

(b) Checking all the blood and blood products for HIV infection before transfusion.

(d) Reducing the risk of mother-to-child transmission by following recommended guidelines for preventing parent to child transmission of HIV infection.

Ques 6 . What is the role of youth in preventing HIV infection?

Ans - (a) Preventing HIV infection/re-infection at individual/community level.

(b) Spread awareness and educate the under privileged section of society.

(d) Imbibe values and play active role to address gender imbalance.

(e) Educate general public that the HIV can not be transmitted by the following modes:-

(a) Shaking Hands.

(b) Sharing of Clothes.

(d) Sharing of Toilets.

(e) Insect Bites.

(f) Hugging or Kissing.

(g) Working in the same office or travelling in the same vehicle.

(h) Playing or swimming with the infected person.

(j) Coughing, sneezing or in routine patient-care activities (bed- making, feeding etc).

SECTION-5

CANCER, ITS CAUSES AND PREVENTIVE MEASURES

Ques 1 - What are the causes of cancer?

Ans - Main causes of cancer are:-

(a) Prolonged chewing of tobacco, zarda, pan and pan masala.

(b) Heavy smoking.

(d) Poor oral hygiene and inadequate dental care.

(e) Air and water pollution.

(f) Deficiency of balanced diet.

Ques 2 – What are the early signs of cancer amongst Gutka and tobacco users?

Ans - (a) Any sore and ulcer on tongue, cheek or gums that does not heal within a fortnight.

(a) Red and white patches on the lips or mouth.

(b) A lump of swelling anywhere in the mouth or neck.

(d) Difficulty in speech.

(e) Repeated bleeding in the mouth.

(f) Numbness in the mouth.

Ques 3 – What are the preventive measure against cancer?

Ans -

(a) Avoiding smoking.

(b) Avoiding tobacco in any form.

(d) Avoiding diet high in processed and preserved meat, smoked and salted food.

(e) Avoiding obesity.

(f) Handling asbestos and certain dyes with precaution.

(g) Early treatment on detection.

SECTION-6

CONTRIBUTION OF YOUTH TOWARDS SOCIAL WELFARE

Ques 1 – What is the contribution of youth towards social welfare?

Ans - Contribution of youth is as under : -

(a) Leadership.

(b) Community Service.

(c ) National and Cultural Integration.

(d) Education and Literacy. .

(e) Environment.

(f) Health Care and Family Welfare.

(g) Physical Education and Adventure Training.

(h) Old Age Care.

(j) Watershed and Waste Land Development.

SECTION-7

NON- GOVERNMENT ORGANISATION AND

THEIR CONTRIBUTION TO THE SOCIETY

(Only for JD/JW Cadets)

Ques 1 - Define NGO?

Ans - An NGO is a non-profit group or association that acts outside of institutionalised political structures and pursue matters of interest to its members by lobbying, persuasion, or direct action. Their goals are primarily non-commercial. They collect funds both from people and the government.

Ques 2 - What are the various types of NGOs?

Ans - (a) INGO. International NGOs.

(b) BINGO. Business oriented International NGO.

(d) ENGO. Environment NGO.

Ques 2 - What are the various activities under taken by NGOs?

Ans - (a) Blood Donation.

(b) Adult Literacy.

(d) Anti Leprosy Drive.

(e) Anti Drug Drive.

(f) Tree Plantation.

(g) Environmental Programmes.

(h) Help in natural calamities such as Flood, Earth-quake.

(j) Educating people about AIDS.

(k) Family Planning Programmes.

(l) Community Development Work.

(m) Promotion of Social-equality.

(n) Wildlife and Animal Care.

(o) Human-rights.

(p) Awareness Campaign.

(q) Child Care.

(r) Polio Eradication drive.

(s) Providing schooling facilities especially in remote villages and rural areas.

(t) Creating and providing health and hygiene infrastructure and facilities.

(u) Cottage Industry.

(v) Orphanage and Old Age Homes.

SECTION-8

DRUG TRAFFICKING AND CRIME

(Only for SD/SW cadets)

Ques 1 – Define Drug?

Ans - A `DRUG` is a substance–solid, liquid or gas that brings about physical and / or psychological changes. Drugs affect the central nervous system.

Ques 2 – What are the various types of drugs and name the common drugs in each category?

Ans (a) Depressants. Depressants are drugs that slow down the function of the central nervous system. Depressant drugs do not necessarily make a person feel depressed. They include:-

(i) Alcohol.

(ii) Cannabis.

iii) Barbiturates, including Seconal, Tuinal and Amytal.

(iv) Benzodiazepines (Tranquilisers), Benzos, Tranx, such as Rohypnol, Valium, Serepax, Mogadon, Normison and Eupynos.

(v) GHB (Gamma- hydroxybutrate), or Fantasy

(vi) Opiates and Opioids, including Heroin.

(b) Stimulants. Stimulants act on the central nervous system to speed up the messages to and from the brain. They make the user feel more awake, alert or confident. Stimulants increase heart rate, body temperature and blood pressure. Other effects include appetite, dilated pupils, talkativeness, agitation and sleep disturbance. Mild stimulants include:-

(i) Ephedrine used in medicines for bronchitis, high fever and asthma.

(ii) Caffeine in coffee, tea and cola drinks.

(iii) Nicotine in tobacco.

(c) Hallucinogens. Hallucinogens affect perception, People who have taken them may believe they see, hear and perceive things that are not really there or what they see may be distorted in some way. The effects of hallucinogens vary a great deal, so it is impossible to predict how they will affect a particular person at a particular time. Hallucinogens include:-

(i) Dhatura

(ii) Ketamine

Ques 3 – What is the role of “Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances (NDPS) Act and Rules”?

Ans - (a) Punishment of upto 20 yrs rigorous imprisonment and fine up to Rupees Two Lakhs for indulging in trafficking of narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances.

(b) Death sentence in case of repeat of this offence.

(d) Regulating of legitimate trade and commerce of NDPS for medicinal and scientific purposes. The “Prevention of Illicit Trafficking in Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances”( PITNDPS) provides for detention of persons indulging in trafficking of narcotic drugs for 1 to 2 years by an executive order