PRL workshops are intended to be of mutual benefit to the language community and the participating linguist(s). Tangible results of a PRL workshop include language documentation, orthography decisions, literacy material, and on-the-job training for both community members and linguists. Specific results in terms of outputs, outcomes, and impacts are described below.
Photographer Credit: Marc Ewell
"By the end of 3 weeks, questions about the vowel and tone system of the language were mostly solved, and the Ngbugu participants revised the orthography into something that was much more readable for native speakers."
-Kenneth S. Olson, Facilitator (Central African Republic)
PRL workshops are designed to develop (or revise) an orthography that will be easy for mother tongue speakers to learn and to use.
The phonemic and phonotactic structure of the language is determined from data that is contributed by the workshop participants themselves. Workshop activities are structured so that the resultant orthography:
Accurately represents all relevant phonological contrasts based on insider knowledge and awareness
Adequately marks relevant grammatical features (e.g. TAM distinctions, etc.)
Is intuitive and acceptable to native speakers
Provides suitable rules for word boundaries (including numbers, derivational morphemes, and clitics)
Various other materials can be produced during and/or after the workshop, depending on the language community's goals and desires. Such materials may include:
Alphabet posters (with example words and illustrations selected by participants)
Vowel-teaching booklets
Thematic picture booklets (e.g. body parts, animals, plants, etc. )
Small lexicons
Story booklets and other cultural literature
Collections of proverbs
Orthography guides (drafted by the participants)
Testing materials (to test the new orthography in the community)
Write-ups of workshop discoveries, along with examples and orthography decisions
Descriptions of ongoing orthography challenges and possible solutions, as an aid in seeking input from others in the community
Workshop data can also be used as material for linguistic publications, such as descriptive sketches, dissertations, and/or historical and comparative studies.
PRL workshops provide opportunity for both community members and facilitating linguists to grow in competency.
Participants:
Learn how to use their own data to discover the sound system of their language, including its phone inventory, relevant suprasegmentals, and grammar.
Increase in knowledge of linguistic topics such as vowels, consonants, syllable structure and tone through hands-on activities, and gain a metalanguage with which to discuss these concepts
Become more equipped to recognize the structural and phonological differences between their language and other known languages
Grow in confidence and competency in reading and writing their language through facilitator-led practice
Gain more awareness of the difficulties inherent in creating an orthography
Begin developing a writing style for their language
Linguists:
Hone skills in community engagement and workshop facilitation through practical experience
Acquire experience analyzing “messy” language data
Gain proficiency in writing up research results as a descriptive language sketch
Become further equipped to replicate the PRL method in other contexts and to train others
The impact of a PRL workshop extends beyond the immediate tangible results to future language research and development.
The resultant orthography can be used by the language community to...
Exchange electronic messages with family and friends
Document their history
Write down traditional stories, proverbs, poems, and songs
Print a translation of the Bible in their language
Write books
Etc.
The training received empowers workshop participants to...
Have ownership of the writing system used for their language
Make more informed decisions regarding orthography choices and revisions
Share what they have learned about their language with the wider language community
Teach the new orthography to others
Pursue further linguistic training
Carry forward the development of their language
Facilitators report that participants exit the workshop with a strengthened sense of identity, an increased confidence in their ability to develop an orthography and expand linguistic knowledge about their language, an interest in further language research, and an excitement to use the new orthography and teach it to others.
"Je parlais ma langue comme un oiseau des champs, maintenant je commence à la comprendre."
(I spoke my language like a bird of the field, now I am beginning to understand it.)
-Belinga Ndono Damase, Participant (Cameroon)