High Redshift Emission-Line Galaxies
The most common electronic transition in the universe is the 2-to-1 decay of hydrogen at 1216 Å, commonly called Lyα. Ironically, very few local galaxies emit this line, as whenever Lyα is emitted, it is quickly re-absorbed (and re-emitted) by nearby hydrogen. While the photon may be able to random walk out the galaxy, it is more likely to run into a spec of dust somewhere along the line and be destroyed.
In the z > 2 universe, Lyα has a better chance of escaping into intergalactic space. This allows to identify and measure galaxies that would otherwise be too faint to see.
Publications
Lee, K.-S., Gawiser, E., Park, C., Yang, Y., Valdes, F., Lang, D., Ramakrishnan, V., Moon, B., Firestone, N., Appleby, S., Artale, M.C., Andrews, M., Bauer, F.E., Benda, B., Broussard, A., Chiang, Y.-K., Ciardullo, R., Dey, A., Farooq, R., Gronwall, C., Guaita, L., Huang, Y., Hwang, H.S., Im, S.H., Jeong, W.-S., Karthikeyan, S., Kim, H., Kim, S., Kumar, A., Nagaraj, G., Nantais, J., Padilla, N., Park, J., Pope, A., Popescu, R., Schlegel, D.J., Seo, E., Singh, A., Song, H., Troncoso, P., Vivas, A.K., Zabludoff, A., & Zenteno, A. 2023, `The One-hundred-deg^2 DECam Imaging in Narrowbands (ODIN): Survey Design and Science Goals,'' Ap. J., 962, 36 [ADS Entry]
Leung, G.C.K., Finkelstein, S., Weaver, J., Papovich, C., Larson, R., Chworowsky, K., Ciardullo, R., Gawiser, E., Gronwall, C., Jogee, S., Kawinwanichakij, L., Somerville, R., Wold, I., & Yung, L.Y.A. 2023, "The Spitzer-HETDEX Exploratory Large Area Survey. IV. Model-Based Multi-wavelength Photometric Catalog,'' Ap. J. Suppl., 269, 46 [ADS Entry]
Ramakrishnan, V., Moon, B., Hyeok Im, S., Farooq, R., Lee, K.S., Gawiser, E., Yang, Y., Park, C., Hwang, H.S., Valdes, F., Artale, M.C., Ciardullo, R., Dey, A., Gronwall, C., Guaita, L., Jeong, W.-S., Padilla, N., Singh, A., & Zabludoff, A. 2023, "ODIN: Where Do Lyman-alpha Blobs Live? Contextualizing Blob Environments within the Large-Scale Structure,'' Ap. J., 951, 119 [ADS Entry]
Nagaraj, G., Ciardullo, R., Bowman, W.P., Lawson, A., & Gronwall, C. 2023, "The Hα and [O III] λ5007 Luminosity Functions of 1.2 < z < 1.9 Emission-Line Galaxies from Hubble Space Telescope (HST) Grism Spectroscopy," Ap. J., 943, 5 [ADS Entry]
Florez, J., Jogee, S., Guo, Y., Cora, S.A., Weinberger, R., Dave, R., Hernquist, L., Vogelsberger, M., Ciardullo,, R., Finkelstein, S.L., Gronwall, C., Kawinwanichakij, L., Leung, G.C.K., LaMassa, S., Papovich, C., Stevans, M.L., & Wold, I. 2021, "AGN and Star Formation at Cosmic Noon: Comparison of Data to Theoretical Models," M.N.R.A.S., 508, 762 [ADS Entry]
Stevans, M.L., Finkelstein, S.L., Kawinwanichakij, L., Wold, I., Papovich, C., Somerville, R.S., Yung, L.Y.A., Sherman, S., Ciardullo, R., Dav'e, R., Florez, J., Gronwall, C., & Jogee, S. 2021, "The NEWFIRM HETDEX Survey: Photometric Catalog and a Conservative Sample of Massive Quiescent Galaxies at z = 3 - 5 over 17.5 deg2 in the SHELA Field," Ap. J., 921, 58 [ADS Entry]
Bowman, W.P., Ciardullo, Zeimann, G.R., Gronwall, C., Jeong, D., Nagaraj, G., Abelson, C., Weiss, L.H., Molina, M., & Schneider, D.P. 2021, "The z ~ 2 [O III] Luminosity Function of Grism-Selected Emission-Line Galaxies," Ap. J., 920, 78 [ADS Entry]
Sherman, S., Jogee, S., Florez, J., Finkelstein, S.L., Ciardullo, R., Wold, I., Stevans, M.L., Kawinwanichakij, L., Papovich, C., & Gronwall, C. 2021, "The shape and scatter of the galaxy main sequence for massive galaxies at cosmic noon," M.N.R.A.S., 505, 947 [ADS Entry]
Nagaraj, G., Ciardullo, R., Bowman, W.P., and Gronwall, C. 2021, "Stellar, Gas, and Dust Emission of Star-forming Galaxies out to z ~ 2," Ap. J., 913, 34 [ADS Entry]
Nagaraj, G., Ciardullo, R., Lawson, A., Bowman, W.P., Zeimann, G., Yang, G., & Gronwall, C. 2021, "Measuring Stellar Masses of Emission-line Galaxies at 1.2 < z < 1.9," Ap. J., 912, 145 [ADS Entry]
Fuzia, B.J., Kawinwanichakij, L., Mehrtens, N., Aiola, S., Battaglia, N., Ciardullo, R., Devlin, M., Finkelstein, S.L., Gralla, M., Hilton, M., Huffenberger, K.M., Hughes, J.P., Jogee, S., Maldonado, F.A., Page, L.A., Papovich, C., Partridge, B., Rykoff, E., Sehgal, N., Sifon, C., Staggs, S.T., & Wollack, E. 2021, "The Atacama Cosmology Telescope: SZ-based masses and dust emission from IR-selected cluster candidates in the SHELA survey," M.N.R.A.S., 501, 4026 [ADS Entry]
Sherman, S., Jogee, S., Florez, J., Stevans, M.L., Kawinwanichakij, L., Wold, I., Finkelstein, S.L., Papovich, C., Ciardullo, R., Gronwall, C., Cora, S., Hough, T., Vega-Martinez, C.A. 2020, "Investigating the growing population of massive quiescent galaxies at cosmic noon," M.N.R.A.S., 499, 4239 [ADS Entry]
Florez, J., Jogee, S., Sherman, S., Stevans, M.L., Finkelstein, S.L., Papovich, C., Kawinwanichakij, L., Ciardullo, R., Gronwall, C., Urry, C.M., Kirkpatrick, A., LaMassa, S.M., Ananna, T.T., &, Wold, I. 2020, "Exploring AGN and star formation activity of massive galaxies at cosmic noon," M.N.R.A.S., 497, 3273 [ADS Entry]
Bowman, W.P., Zeimann, G.R., Nagaraj, G., Ciardullo, R., Gronwall, C., McCarron, A.P., Weiss, L.H., Molina, M., Belles, A., & Schneider, D.P. 2020, "MCSED: A Flexible Spectral Energy Distribution Fitting Code and Its Application to z ~ 2 Emission-line Galaxies," Ap. J., 899, 7 [ADS Entry]
Kawinwanichakij, L., Papovich, C., Ciardullo, R., Finkelstein, S.L., Stevans, M.L., Wold, I.G.B., Jogee, S., Sherman, S., Florez, J., Gronwall, C. 2020, "On the (Lack of) Evolution of the Stellar Mass Function of Massive Galaxies from z = 1.5 to 0.4," Ap. J., 892, 7 [ADS Entry]
Bowman, W.P., Zeimann, G.R., Ciardullo, R., Gronwall, C., Schneider, D.P., McCarron, A.P., Weiss, L.H., Yang, G., Hagen, A. 2019, "Galaxies of the z # 2 Universe. I. Grism-selected Rest-frame Optical Emission-line Galaxies," Ap. J., 875, 152 [ADS Entry]
Wold, I.G.B., Kawinwanichakij, L., Stevans, M.L., Finkelstein, S.L., Papovich, C., Devarakonda, Y., Ciardullo, R., Feldmeier, J., Florez, J., Gawiser, E., Gronwall, C., Jogee, S., Marshall, J.L., Sherman, S., Shipley, H.V., Somerville, R.S., Valdes, F., & Zeimann, Gregory R. 2019, "The Spitzer-HETDEX Exploratory Large Area Survey. II. The Dark Energy Camera and Spitzer/IRAC Multiwavelength Catalog," Ap. J. Suppl., 240, 5 [ADS Entry]
Stevans, M.L., Finkelstein, S.L., Wold, I., Kawinwanichakij, L., Papovich, C., Sherman, S., Ciardullo, R., Florez, J., Gronwall, C., Jogee, S., Somerville, R.S., & Aaron Yung, L.Y. 2018, "Bridging Star-forming Galaxy and AGN Ultraviolet Luminosity Functions at z = 4 with the SHELA Wide-field Survey," Ap. J., 863, 63 [ADS Entry]
Leung, A.S., Acquaviva, V., Gawiser, E., Ciardullo, R., Komatsu, E., Malz, A.I., Zeimann, G.R., Bridge, J.S., Drory, N., Feldmeier, J.J., Finkelstein, S.L., Gebhardt, K., Gronwall, C., Hagen, A., Hill, G.J., & Schneider, D.P. 2017, "Bayesian Redshift Classification of Emission-line Galaxies with Photometric Equivalent Widths," Ap. J., 843, 130 [ADS Entry]
Bridge, J.S., Zeimann, G.R., Trump, J.R., Gronwall, C., Ciardullo, R., Fox, D.B., & Schneider, D.P. 2016, "Disentangling AGN and Star Formation Activity at High Redshift Using Hubble Space Telescope Grism Spectroscopy," Ap. J., 826, 172 [ADS Entry]
Hagen, A., Zeimann, G.R., Behrens, C., Ciardullo, R., Grasshorn Gebhardt, H.S., Gronwall, C., Bridge, J.S., Fox, D.B., Schneider, D.P., Trump, J.R., Blanc, G.A., Chiang, Y.-K., Chonis, T.S., Finkelstein, S.L., Hill, G.J., Jogee, S., & Gawiser, E. 2016, "HST Emission Line Galaxies at z ~ 2: Comparing Physical Properties of Lyman Alpha and Optical Emission Line Selected Galaxies," Ap. J., 817, 79 [ADS Entry]
Grasshorn Gebhardt, H.S., Zeimann, G.R., Ciardullo, R., Gronwall, C., Hagen, A., Bridge, J.S., Schneider, D.P., & Trump, J.R. 2016, "Young, Star-forming Galaxies and their Local Counterparts: the Evolving Relationship of Mass-SFR-Metallicity Since z ~ 2.1," Ap. J., 817, 10 [ADS Entry]
Zeimann, G.R., Ciardullo, R., Gronwall, C., Bridge, J., Brooks, H., Fox, D., Gawiser, E., Gebhardt, H., Hagen, A., Schneider, D.P., & Trump, J.R. 2015, "The Dust Attenuation Curve Versus Stellar Mass for Emission Line Galaxies at z ~ 2," Ap. J., 814, 162 [ADS Entry]
Chiang, Y.-K., Overzier, R.A., Gebhardt, K., Finkelstein, S.L., Chiang, C.-T., Hill, G.J., Blanc, G.A., Drory, N., Chonis, T.S., Zeimann, G.R., Hagen, A., Schneider, D.P., Jogee, S., Ciardullo, R., & Gronwall, C. 2015, "Surveying Galaxy Proto-Clusters in Emission: A Large-Scale Structure at z = 2.44 and the Outlook for HETDEX," Ap. J., 808, 37 [ADS Entry]
Zeimann, G., Ciardullo, R., Gebhardt, H., Gronwall, C., Hagen, A., Trump, J., Bridge, J., Luo, B., & Schneider, D.P. 2015, "Hubble Space Telescope Emission Line Galaxies at z ~ 2: The Mystery of Neon," Ap. J., 798, 29 [ADS Entry]
Zeimann, G.R., Ciardullo, R., Gebhardt, H., Gronwall, C., Schneider, D.P., Hagen, A., Bridge, J., Feldmeier, J., & Trump, J.R. 2014, "3D-HST Emission Line Galaxies at z ~ 2: Discrepancies in the Optical/UV Star Formation Rates," Ap. J., 790, 113 [ADS Entry]
Yajima, H., Li, Y., Zhu, Q., Abel, T., Gronwall, C., & Ciardullo, R. 2014, "Escape of Lyα and Continuum Photons from Star-Forming Galaxies," M.N.R.A.S., 440, 776 [ADS Entry]
Wardlow, J.L., Malhotra, S., Zheng, Z., Finkelstein, S., Bock, J., Bridge, C., Calanog, J., Ciardullo, R., Conley, A., Cooray, A., Farrah, D., Gawiser, E., Gronwall, C., Heinis, S., Ibar, E., Ivison, R.J., Marsden, G., Oliver, S.J., Rhoads, J., Reichers, D., Schulz, B., Smith, A.J., Viero, M., Wang, L., & Zemcov, M. 2013, "Constraining the Lyα Escape Fraction with Far-Infrared Observations of Lyman Alpha Emitters," Ap. J., 787, 9 [ADS Entry]
Vargas, C.J., Bish, H., Acquaviva, V., Gawiser, E., Finkelstein, S.L., Ciardullo, R., Ashby, M.L.N., Feldmeier, J., Ferguson, H., Gronwall, C., Guaita, L., Hagen, A., Koekemoer, A., Kurczynski, P., Newman, J.A., & Padilla, N. 2014, "To Stack or Not to Stack: Spectral Energy Distribution Properties of Lyα-Emitting Galaxies at z= 2.1,'' Ap. J., 783, 26 [ADS Entry]
Chiang, C.-T., Wullstein, P., Jeong, D., Komatsu, E., Blanc, G.A., Ciardullo, R., Drory, N., Fabricius, M., Finkelstein, S., Gebhardt, K., Gronwall, C., Hagen, A., Hill, G.J., Jee, I., Jogee, S., Landriau, M., Mentuch Cooper, E., Schneider, D.P., & Tuttle, S. 2013, "Galaxy Redshift Surveys with Sparse Sampling," JCAP, 12, 30 [ADS Entry]
Feldmeier, J.J., Hagen, A., Ciardullo, R., Gronwall, C., Gawiser, E., Guaita, L., Hagen, L.M.Z., Bond, N.A., Acquaviva, V., Blanc, G.A., Orsi, A., & Kurczynski, P. 2013, "Searching for Neutral Hydrogen Halos around z ~ 2.1 and z ~ 3.1 Lyα Emitting Galaxies," Ap. J., 776, 75 [ADS Entry]
Yajima, H., Li, Y., Zhu, Q., Abel, T., Gronwall, C., & Ciardullo, R. 2012, "Were Progenitors of Local L* Galaxies Lyα Emitters at High Redshift?," Ap. J., 754, 118 [ADS Entry]
Bond, N., Gawiser, E., Guaita, L., Padilla, N., Gronwall, C., Ciardullo, R., & Lai, K. 2012, "Evolution in the Continuum Morphological Properties of Lyα-Emitting Galaxies from z=3.1 to z=2.1," Ap. J., 753, 95 [ADS Entry]
Berry, M., Gawiser, E., Guaita, L., Padilla, N., Treister, E., Blanc, G., Ciardullo, R., Francke, H., & Gronwall, C. 2012, "Stacked Rest-Frame UV Spectra of Lyα-Emitting and Continuum-Selected Galaxies at 2 < z < 3.5," Ap. J., 749, 4 [ADS Entry]
Zheng, Z.-Y., Malhotra, S., Wang, J.-X., Rhoads, J.E., Finkelstein, S,L., Gawiser, E., Gronwall, C., Guaita, L., Nilsson, K.K., & Ciardullo, R. 2012, "X-Ray Constraints on the Lyman-Alpha Escape Fraction," Ap. J., 746, 28 [ADS Entry]
Ciardullo, R., Gronwall, C., Wolf, C., McCathran, E., Bond, N.A., Gawiser, E., Guaita, L., Feldmeier, J.J., Treister, E., Padilla, N., Francke, H., Matković, A., Altmann, M., & Herrera, D. 2012, "The Evolution of Lyα Emitting Galaxies Between z = 2.1 and z = 3.1," Ap. J., 744, 110 [ADS Entry]
Gronwall, C., Bond, N.A., Ciardullo, R., Gawiser, E., Altmann, M., Blanc, G.A., & Feldmeier, J.J. 2011, "The Rest-Frame Ultraviolet Light Profile Shapes of Lyα-Emitting Galaxies at z=3.1," Ap. J., 743, 9 [ADS Entry]
Guaita, L., Acquaviva, V., Padilla, N., Gawiser, E., Bond, N.A., Ciardullo, R., Treister, E., Kurczynski, P., Gronwall, C., Lira, P., & Schawinski, K. 2011, "Lyα-Emitting Galaxies at z = 2.1: Stellar Masses, Dust, and Star Formation Histories from Spectral Energy Distribution Fitting," Ap. J., 733, 114 [ADS Entry]
Bond, N.A., Feldmeier, J.J., Matkovic, A., Gronwall, C., Ciardullo, R., & Gawiser, E. 2010, "Evidence for Spatially Compact Lyα Emission in z = 3.1 Lyα-Emitting Galaxies," Ap. J., 716, 200 [ADS Entry]
Guaita, L., Gawiser, E., Padilla, N., Francke, H., Bond, N.A., Gronwall, C., Ciardullo, R., Feldmeier, J.J., Sinawa, S., Blanc, G.A., & Virani, S. 2010, "Lyα-emitting Galaxies at z=2.1 in ECDF-S: Building Blocks of Typical Present-day Galaxies?" Ap. J., 714, 255 [ADS Entry]
Bond, N.A., Gawiser, E., Gronwall, C., Ciardullo, R., Atlmann, M., & Schawinski, K. 2009, "Sizes of Lyman-Alpha-Emitting Galaxies and Their Rest-Frame Ultraviolet Components at z=3.1," Ap. J., 705, 1686 [ADS Entry]
Lai, K., Huang, J.-S., Fazio, G., Gawiser, E., Ciardullo, R., Damen, M., Franx, M., Gronwall, C., Labbe, I., Magdis, G., & van Dokkum, P. 2008, "Spitzer Constraints on the Stellar Populations of Lyα Emitting Galaxies at z = 3.1," Ap. J., 674, 70 [ADS Entry]
Gawiser, E., Francke, H., Lai, K., Schawinski, K., Gronwall, C., Ciardullo, R., Quadri, R., Orsi, A., Barrientos, L.F., Blanc, G.A., Fazio, G., Feldmeier, J.J., Huang, J.-S., Infante, L., Lira, P., Padilla, N., Taylor, E.N., Treister, E., Urry, C.M., van Dokkum, P.G., Virani, S.N. 2007, "Lyα Emitting Galaxies at z = 3.1: L* Progenitors Experiencing Rapid Star Formation," Ap. J., 671, 278 [ADS Entry]
Gronwall, C., Ciardullo, R., Hickey, T., Gawiser, E., Feldmeier, J.J., van Dokkum, P.G., Urry, C.M., Herrera, D., Lehmer, B.D., Infante, L., Orsi, A., Marchesini, D., Blanc, G.A., Francke, H., Lira, P., Treister, E. 2007, "Lyα Emission-Line Galaxies at z = 3.1 in the Extended Chandra Deep Field-South," Ap. J. 667, 79 [ADS Entry]
Gawiser, E., van Dokkum, P.G., Gronwall, C., Ciardullo, R., Blanc, G.A., Castander, F.J., Feldmeier, J., Francke, H., Franx, M., Haberzettl, L., Herrera, D., Hickey, T., Infante, L., Lira, P., Maza, J., Quadri, R., Richardson, A., Schawinski, K., Schirmer, M., Taylor, E.N., Treister, E., Urry, C.M.. Virani, S.N. 2006, "The Physical Nature of Ly-emitting Galaxies at z=3.1," Ap. J. (Letters), 642, L13 [ADS Entry]
Ciardullo, R., Feldmeier, J.J., Krelove, K., Jacoby, G.H., & Gronwall, C. 2002, "A Measurement of the Contamination in [O III] 5007 Surveys of Intracluster Stars and the Surface Density of z=3.13 Ly-alpha Galaxies," Ap. J., 566, 784 [ADS Entry]
Kudritzki, R.-P., Mendez, R.H., Feldmeier, J.J., Ciardullo, R., Jacoby, G.H., Freeman, K.C., Arnaboldi, M., Capaccioli, M., Gerhard, O., & Ford, H.C. 2000, "Discovery of 9 Ly-alpha Emitters at Redshift z = 3.1 Using Narrow-Band Imaging and VLT Spectroscopy," Ap. J., 536, 19 [ADS Entry]