The court ruled that giving all students the same desks, books, teachers, and lessons does not mean that they have equal oppotunity, especially if there are students that do not speak English.

The Fifth Circuit Court established a three-part test to determine if school districts are complying with the Equal Educational Opportuniites Act of 1974. The requirements include:

1. Theory - The school must implement a program based on sound educational theroy or, at a minimum, a legitimate experimental program design. 

2. Practice - The school idstrict must put into practice the educational program they have designed. They must allocate the necessary personnel and practices to transfer theory to practice.

3. Results - The school must stop programs that fail to produce results. 

The court ruled that schools cannot deny students access simply because they are undocumented (illegal) aliens. In other words, the schools are not agencies or agents for enforcing immigration law.