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Programming languages fall into a number of different categories or paradigms e.g. Procedural, Object orientated, Visual, Event-Driven, Mark-Up, Assembly and many others.
Features of Mark-Up Language Programming Paradigm
Features of Mark-Up Language Programming Paradigm
Mark-up languages add commands, or mark-up, to a text document to offer meaning to the text.
The commands give instructions to the program reading the file on how to interpret / format / and display the text.
One of the most common mark-up languages is HTML.
The commands in HTML are called tags, are surrounded by chevrons.
Commands are opened, for example <h1>, so that any text that follows will have that format applied to it.
Commands are then ended using a forward slash inside the tag, for example </h1>.
XML (eXtensible Mark-up Language) is another mark-up language that is commonly used in web applications.
XML is used for structuring and marking-up data for storage rather than information for display.
The developer is free to create their own tags and specify their own meaning to them.
Mark-up languages are commonly combined with other languages, such as JavaScript with HTML.
Features of Procedural Languages
Features of Procedural Languages
Procedural languages are used in traditional programming based on algorithms or a logical step-by-step process for solving a problem
(An imperative) A language in which program statements can be grouped into self-contained blocks called procedures and functions
They obey (ordered) instructions and carry out actions / calculations etc.
A procedural programming language provides the programmer a way to define precisely each step when performing a task
Allows tight/close control over the underlying operation of the hardware
Used in (large complicated) programs where the same procedures are run out at varying stages of the program execution.
PROGRAMMING CONSTRUCTS
Programming languages use constructs to control the order in which commands are carried out.
Selection Construct
A selection construct will use a logical condition to determine which line of code is to be processed next. If the condition is true then action 1 will be carried out. If the condition is false then action 2 will be carried out.
Selection Constructs - Nested
Nesting is when one selection statement is contained by another selection construct. If a logical condition is true, action 1 is carried out and then a second selection condition will govern whether action 3 or action 4 should be executed next.
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