Elijah Grow-Hanson

Hello! My name is Elijah Grow-Hanson (He/Him/His), and I'm from St. Paul, MN. I am part of the PLU class of 2020, and also minor in Communication and French

I conducted my capstone on how Third Culture Kids form cultural identity. I absolutely loved this topic as my capstone as it is very close, being a TCK myself. Being able to write about it and engage with the existing research was fantastic.

Adult Third Culture Kids and Cultural Identity

What is a Third Culture Kid (TCK)?

The term was first coined by sociologist Ruth Useem in the mid 1960s and later expanded upon by David Pollock and Ruth Van Reken. A Third Culture Kid is "a person who spends a significant part of their first eighteen years of life accompanying parent(s) into a country that is different from at least one parent's passport country(ies) due to a parent's choice of work or advanced training" (Pollock and Van Reken 2017).

The Various Host Countries Represented Across Participants

Abstract

Third Culture Kids (TCK) are one of many forms people can have cross-cultural experiences, growing up in one or more culture(s) other that their parent’s, developing a liminal cultural space influenced by both or multiple cultures. This unorthodox experience can affect how TCKs develop cultural identity. Through ten in-depth interviews, I sought to understand how TCKs interact with the cultures that influence their lives, and how they wrestled the topic of cultural identity. Covering their experiences abroad in their host countries, how different forms of schooling impacted them and the event of repatriotization and reintegrating into American society, discussing re-entry culture shock and how they navigated their position within their new surroundings, 3 main factors played into their experience with cultural identity: (1) an acute awareness of being different while abroad; (2) experiencing a cultural disconnect when returning to the United States; (3) feeling drawn to other TCKs and members of the international community. Cultural identity was an uncertain and somewhat uncomfortable topic for most participants in this study, although nine of the ten participants believed they identified more as Americans. However, they overwhelmingly identified more with the broader TCK experience and international community, potentially pointing towards a shared TCK experience that manifests in a shared subculture. If you'd like to read my full paper, check out this link.

Further reading on Third Culture Kids

David Pollock and Ruth Van Reken's Third Culture Kids: Growing Up Among Worlds. I often refer to this as the TCK encyclopedia, and was the most impactful source when writing my capstone.

Carolyn Smith and Ruth Useem's Strangers at Home: Essays on the Effects of Living Overseas and Coming "Home" to a Strange Land

Why I chose to study Sociology?

I have always been fascinated by how people interact with each other, so coming into PLU sociology was one of the only areas I was certain I wanted to pursue. I love how it can help explain everything we deal with in life (to an extent anyway). The more I studied Sociology, the more everything started to make a little more sense, and being bewildered by American society on a daily basis, that was helpful.

My favorite Sociologists

  • Ruth Useem, David Pollock and Ruth Van Reken for their extensive work on TCKs, which has helped me not only in writing this capstone, but also with understanding myself.

  • Any other sociologist named Ruth because they seem to be super cool.

  • Every single symbolic interactionist, because it is definitively, 100%, the best way to approach sociology, and I’m totally not biased at all.

  • Max Weber.

Plans for after graduation

My immediate plans for after graduation have been turned upside due to the current global climate, but I hope to go into research or the music industry as a journalist or marketer.

Acknowledgements

I would like to thank my participants for being willing to share their stories with me; the PLU sociology department in general, but specifically our capstone advisors Kate Luther and Laura McCloud; my sociology cohort for being awesome and anyone who I've forgotten to mention, because I definitely have.

Since you've made it this far, please enjoy this picture of 9 year old me featured in the New York Times playing on the rocky beach in Dakar, Senegal - where my family lived for 10 years.