Backing Tracks:
Loops from Pop Repertoire (see the "adding vi" category)
1) Lady Gaga, “The Edge of Glory,” chorus
From Born this Way (2011), words and music Stefani Germanotta, Fernando Garibay, Paul Blair
Audio: Youtube (1:02–1:37)
A E
I'm on the edge of glory
F#m D
And I'm hangin' on a moment of truth
A E
Out on the edge of glory
F#m D
And I'm hangin' on a moment with you
A E
I'm on the edge, the edge, the edge, the edge
F#m D
The edge, the edge, the edge
A E
I'm on the edge of glory
F#m D
And I'm hangin' on a moment with you
A
I'm on the edge with you
C G/B Am F
I remember when we used to sit
C G/B
In the government yard in
Am F
trenchtown
C G/B Am F
Observing the hypocrites
C G/B
Mingle with the good people we
Am F
meet
C G/B
Good friends we had
Am F
Good friends we lost
C G/B F Am
Along the way
C G/B
In this bright future
Am F
You can't forget your past
C G/B Am F
So dry your tears I say
C G
And she will be loved
Am F
She will be loved
C G
And she will be loved
Am F
And she will be loved
E B
Just a small town girl
C#m A
living in a lonely world
E B
She took the midnight train
C#m A
going anywhere
E B
Just a city boy
C#m A
born and raised in South Detroit
E B
He took the midnight train going
C#m A
anywhere
C G Am
No one no one no one
F
Can get in the way of what I'm feeling
C G Am
No one no one no one
F
Can get in the way of what I feel for
C G Am
you... you... you...
F
Can get in the way of what I feel for
C
you
8) Brandie Carlile, “The Story,” verse 1
From The Story (2007), written by Brandi Carlile
Audio: Youtube (0:09–0:50)
C
All of these lines across my face
G7
tell you the story of who I am
Am
So many stories of where I've been
F
and how I got to where I am
C G7
But these stories don't mean anything,
Am F
when you've got no one to tell them to
C G7 C
It's true, I was made for you
9) Diego Torres, “Un Poquito,” verse 1
From Atlántico a Pie (2021), written by Diego Torres, Jorge Luis Chacín, JonTheProducer, Yadam González, Oscar Hernández, Andrés Castro & Carlos Vives
Audio: Youtube (0:18–0:40)
Instructor Note: | I | V | vi | IV | (x2)
A E
No está de moda enamorarse
F#m
Ya nadie quiere ser sincero
D
Pero en ti yo encuentro Todo,
A
todo, todo lo que quiero
E
De febrero hasta febrero
F#m
Medellín o Buenos Aires
D
Cierro los ojos y pensarte
A
Se me ha vuelto inevitable
I V
No está de moda enamorarse
vi
Ya nadie quiere ser sincero
IV
Pero en ti yo encuentro Todo,
I
todo, todo lo que quiero
V
De febrero hasta febrero
vi
Medellín o Buenos Aires
IV
Cierro los ojos y pensarte
I
Se me ha vuelto inevitable
10) Ed Sheeran (ft. YEBBA), “Best Part of Me,” verse 2
From No. 6 Collaborations Projects (2019), written Ed Sheeran, Benny Blanco, Joe Rubel
Audio: YouTube (1:44–2:18)
D Asus4 Bm7 Gadd9
I overthink and still forgive
D Asus4 Bm7 Gadd9
I lose my phone and place my bets
D Asus4 Bm7 Gadd9 D
And I never catch the train on time, always 30 minutes behind
Asus4 Bm7 Gadd9
Your worries ain't seen nothin' yet
11) The Rolling Stones, “Beast of Burden,” verse 1
From Some Girls (1978), written Mick Jagger & Keith Richards
Audio: Youtube (0:39–0:57)
E B C#m A E B C#m A
I'll never be your beast of burden My back is broad but it's a hurting
E B C#m A E B C#m A
All I want is for you to make love to me
E B C#m A E B C#m A
I'll never be your beast of burden My back is broad but it's a hurting
E B C#m A E B C#m A
All I want is for you to make love to me
This includes rotations of the Axis progression or minor variants of the pattern.
1) Rihanna, “Umbrella,” chorus
From Good Girl Gone Bad (2007), words and music Christopher Stewart, Terius Nash, Kuk Harrell, Shawn Carter
Audio: Youtube (0:56-1:18)
G♭
When the sun shines
D♭
We’ll shine together
A♭
Told you I'll be here forever
B♭m
Said I'll always be your friend
(B♭m) G♭
Took an oath, I'ma stick it out to the end
D♭
Now that it's raining more than ever
A♭
Know that we still have each other
Bbm
You can stand under my umbrella
G♭
You can stand under my umbrella
2) Beyonce, “If I Were a Boy,” verse
From I Am... Sasha Fierce (2008), words and music by Brittany Jean Carlson
Audio: Youtube (0:00-0:42)
3) Justin Bieber, “Ghost,” verse
From Justice (2021), written by Michael Pollack, Stefan Johnson, Jordan K. Johnson, Jon Bellion & Justin Bieber
Audio: Youtube (0:13-0:31)
Bm G D A
Youngblood thinks there's always tomorrow
Bm G D A
I miss your touch on nights when I'm hollow
Bm G D A
I know you crossed the bridge that I can't follow
4) AJR, “I'm Not Famous,” Pre-chorus & Chorus
From The Click (2017), written by Ryan Met, Jack Met & Adam Met
Audio: Youtube (0:41-1:06)
[Pre-Chorus]
C Dm B♭ F
Paparazzi is at an all time low
C Dm B♭ F
Paparazzi, they don't care where I go
[Chorus]
C Dm
Where my haters, where my haters
B♭ F
I don't got 'em, I'm not famous, no
C Dm B♭ F
C Dm
It don't matter what my name is
B♭ F
I don't got one, I'm not famous, no
5) One Republic, “Kids,” chorus
From Oh My My (2016), written by Brandon Collins, Steve Wilmot, Brent Kutzle & Ryan Tedder
Audio: Youtube (1:15-1:35)
G
Back when we were kids
Am F C
Swore we would never die
G
You and me were kids
Am F C
Swear that we’ll never die
Em C
I was here...
G D
I lived, I loved
Em C
I was here...
G D Em C
I did, I've done, everything that I wanted
G D Em
And it was more than I thought it would be
C G D
I will leave my mark so everyone will know
Em C
I was here...
7) Olivia Rodrigo & Joshua Bassett, “I Think I Kinda, You Know,” verse
From High School Musical (2020), written by Alan Zachary & Michael Weiner
Audio: Youtube (0:07-0:40)
Csus2 G/B
So much has happened, think of what we've done
Am7 Fsus2
In the time that the Earth has traveled 'round the Sun
Csus2 G/B
Winter, spring, summer an' we're back to fall
Am7 Fsus2
We've been together hand-in-hand through it all
Csus2 G/B
From the minute we kissed and my heart skipped a beat
Am7 Fsus2
To the night that we danced, I was swept off my feet
Csus2 G/B
Sure as every year has to come to an end
Am7 Fsus2
I'd go spinnin' 'round the Sun with you again and again and again and again
8) Mau y Ricky, “La Boca,” chorus
From Para Aventuras y Curiosidades (2019), written by Ricky Montaner, Mau Montaner, Tainy, Morelli, JonTheProducer & Camilo
Audio: Youtube (0:40–1:02)
Bm G D A
Que me muero por besarte la boca, mamá
Bm G D A
Hace tiempo que mi sueño e' volverla a probar
Bm G D A
porque bailas como nadie más sabe bailar
Bm G D A
Te pareces a la playa y las olas del mar.
9) Eminem (ft. Rihanna), “Love the Way You Lie,” chorus
From Recovery (2010), written by Skylar Grey, Eminem & Alex da Kid
Audio: Youtube (1:08-1:43)
Em C
Just gonna stand there and watch me burn,
G D
But that's alright because I like the way it hurts.
Em C
Just gonna stand there and hear me cry,
G D
But that's alright because I love the way you lie,
Em C
I love the way you lie
G D
I love the way you lie
10) Nightwish, “Amaranth,” chorus
From Dark Passion Play (2007), written by Tuomas Holopainen
Audio: Youtube (1:11-1:27)
Note: The schema repeats until the last two chords.
Dm B♭ F C Dm
Caress the one, the Never-Fading rain in your heart
B♭ F C
The tears of snow-white sorrow
Dm B♭ F
Caress the one, the hiding amaranth
C B♭ E♭
In a land of the daybreak
11) Red Hot Chili Peppers, “Don't Forget Me," verse
From By the Way (2002), written by Anthony Kiedis, Flea, John Frusciante & Chad Smith
Audio: Youtube (0:15–0:47)
A5 F5
I'm an ocean in your bedroom
C5 G5
Make you feel warm, make you wanna resume
A5 F5 C5 G5
Now we know it all for sure
A5 F5
I'm a dance hall, dirty breakbeat
C5 G5 A5
Make the snow fall up from underneath your feet
F5 C5 G5 A5
Not alone, I'll be there, tell me when you want to go
16) Toto, “Africa,” chorus
From Toto IV (1982), written by David Paich and Jeff Porcaro
Audio: YouTube (1:08–1:35)
F#m D A E
It's gonna take a lot to drag me away from you
F#m D
There's nothing that a hundred men or
A E
more could ever do
F#m D A E
I bless the rains down in Africa
F#m D
Gonna take some time to do the
A C#m E F#m E/G# A
things we never had... ooh, ooh.
1) P!nk, "Who Knew," chorus
From I'm Not Dead (2006), written by Dr. Luke, Max Martin & P!nk
Audio: Youtube (0:47–1:23)
D E F#m7 A
If someone said three years from now you'd be long gone,
D E F#m7 A
I'd stand up and punch them out, cuz they're all wrong . . .
Dsus2 E F#m7 A
I know better, cuz you said forever,
Dsus2 E A
and ever . . . Who knew?
2) Taylor Swift, "Love Story - You Belong with Me"
From Fearless (2008), written by Liz Rose & Taylor Swift
Audio: Youtube (0:47–1:23)
Student Note: The pre-chorus and chorus use different schemas. Identify each.
[Pre-Chorus]
G A
That you were Romeo, you were throwing pebbles
Bm D
And my daddy said, "Stay away from Juliet"
G
And I was crying on the staircase
A Bm G A
Begging you please don't go, and I said
[Chorus]
D
Romeo take me somewhere we can be alone
A
I'll be waiting all there's left to do is run
Bm
You'll be the prince and I'll be the princess
G A D
It's a love story baby just say "yes"
3) Counting Crows, "Round Here," chorus
From August and Everything After (1993), written by Chris Roldan, Dan Jewett, Dave Janusko, David Bryson, Adam Duritz
Audio: Youtube (2:01–2:33)
C D Em G
Round here we're carving out our names
C D Em G
Round here we all look the same
C D
Round here we talk just like lions
Em G
But we sacrifice like lambs
4) Katy Perry, "E. T.," chorus
From Teenage Dream (2010), written by Katy Perry, Max Martin, Dr. Luke, Ammo
Audio: Youtube (1:39–2:07)
D♭ E♭
Kiss me, ki-ki-kiss me
Fm A♭
Infect me with your love and fill me with your poison
D♭ E♭
Take me, ta-ta-take me
Fm A♭
Wanna be your victim, ready for abduction
D♭ E♭
Boy, you're an alien
Fm A♭ D♭
Your touch, so foreign
E♭ Fm
It's supernatural
A♭
Extraterrestrial
5) Zedd, "Stay the Night," verse
From Clarity (2013), Zedd, Benjamin Eli Hanna, Hayley Williams, Carah Faye
Audio: Youtube (0:00–0:30)
D♭
I know that we are upside down
E♭ Fm A♭
So hold your tongue and hear me out
D♭
I know that we were made to break
E♭ Fm A♭
So what? I don't mind
D♭
You kill the lights, I'll draw the blinds
E♭ Fm A♭
Don't dull the sparkle in your eyes
D♭
I know that we were made to break
E♭ Fm A♭
So what? I don't mind
6) Lana Del Rey, "Young and Beautiful," chorus
From The Great Catsby: Music from Baz Luhrman's Film (2013), written by Rick Nowels & Lana Del Rey
Audio: Youtube (0:48–1:24)
G
Will you still love me
A Bm D
when I'm no longer young and beautiful
G
Will you still love me
A Bm D
when I got nothing but my aching soul
G A
I know you will, I know you will
Bm D
I know that you will
G
Will you still love me
A Bm
when I'm no longer beautiful
7) Rosé and Bruno Mars, “APT.,” chorus
Single (2024), written by Amy Allen, Bruno Mars, Chae Young Park, Christopher "Brody" Brown, Henry Walter, Michael Chapman, Nicholas Chinn, Omer Fedi, Phillip Lawrence, Rogét Chahayed, Theron Thomas
For songs that use the Doo Wop variant I - vi - ii - V, see the Chord Loop section “Adding ii & iii.”
2) Alanis Morissette, “Head Over Feet,” chorus
From Jagged Little Pill (1995)
Audio: Youtube (0:35-53)
D Bm G A
You've already won me over, in spite of me
D Bm B♭ A
Don't be alarmed if I fall head over feet
D Bm G A
And don't be surprised if I love you for all that you are
3) Go West, “King of Wishful Thinking,” verse
From Indian Summer (1992), written by Peter Cox, Richard Drummie & Martin Page.
Audio: Youtube (0:29–0:47)
Am F G C
I don't need, to fall at your feet
Am F G C
Just cause you cut me to the bone
Am F G C
And I won't miss, the way that you kiss me
Am F G C
We were never carved in stone
4) Lady Gaga, “Million Reasons,” verse
From Joanne (2016), written by Hillary Lindsey, Mark Ronson, Lady Gaga
Audio: Youtube (0:13–0:45)
C
You're giving me a million reasons to let you go
Am
You're giving me a million reasons to quit the show
F
You're givin' me a million reasons
Give me a million reasons
G
Givin' me a million reasons
About a million reasons
C
If I had a highway, I would run for the hills
Am
If you could find a dryway, I'd forever be still
F
But you're giving me a million reasons
Give me a million reasons
G
Givin' me a million reasons
About a million reasons
5) Sam Cooke, “Wonderful World,” verse
From The Wonderful world of Sam Cooke (1960), written by Sam Cooke, Lou Adler & Herb Alpert
Audio: Youtube (0:03–0:19)
G Em
Don't know much about history,
C D
Don't know much biology.
G Em
Don't know much about a science book,
C D
Don't know much about the French I took.
6) Whitney Houston, “I Will Always Love You,” chorus
From the film, The Bodyguard (1992), written by Dolly Parton.
Audio: Youtube (1:46–2:10)
A F#m D E
And I________ will always
A F#m D E A
Love you, you, I, will always love you
7) Taylor Swift, “The Best Day,” verse, chorus
From Fearless (2008), written by Taylor Swift
Audio: Youtube (0:46–1:18)
Note: The chorus uses the standard form of the schema. The chorus uses a variation. How is the progression varied?
[Verse]
D♭ B♭m
I'm five years old
G♭ A♭
It's getting cold, got my big coat on
D♭ B♭m
I hear your laugh
G♭ A♭
And look up at smilin at you, I run and run
D♭ B♭m
Past the pumpkin patch
G♭ A♭
And the tractor rides, Look now, the sky is gold
D♭ B♭m
I hug your legs
G♭ A♭
And fall asleep on the way home
[Chorus]
G♭ A♭ D♭ Fm/C B♭m
I don't know why all the trees change in the fall
G♭ A♭ D♭ Fm/C B♭m
But I know you're not scared of anything at all
G♭ A♭ D♭ Fm/C B♭m
Don't know if Snow White's house is near or far away
G♭ A♭ D♭
But I know I had the best day with you today
1) Ed Sheeran, “Photograph,” verse
From x (2015), written by Ed Sheeran, Johnny McDaid, Martin Harrington, and Tom Leonard
Audio: YouTube (0:15–0:52)
Harmonic Rhythm:
|E|E|C#m|C#m|B|B|A|A| (x2)
E
Loving can hurt
C#m
Loving can hurt sometimes
B A
But it's the only thing that I know
E
When it gets hard
C#m
You know it can get hard sometimes
B A
It is the only thing that makes us feel alive
2) Lana Del Rey, “Never Let Me Go,” chorus
Single (2012), written by Steven Mertens & Lana Del Rey
Audio: YouTube (0:54–1:24)
Harmonic Rhythm:
| G | Em | D | C | (x2)
G
If you love me hardcore, then don't walk away,
Em
It's a game boy, I don't wanna play,
D
I just wanna be yours, like I always say,
C
Never let me go.
G
Boy, we're in a world war, let's go all the way,
Em
Play your four-to-the floor, will you walk my way?
D
Tell me that you need me more and more every day,
C G
Never let me go, just stay.
3) Pink, “Don't Let Me Get Me,” chorus
From Missundaztood (2001), written by Pink and Dallas Austin
Audio: YouTube (0:32–0:55)
Harmonic Rhythm:
| E♭| Cm | B♭| A♭| (x3)
E♭
I’m a hazard to myself…
Cm
don’t let me get me,
B♭ A♭
I’m my own worst enemy
E♭
it’s bad when you annoy yourself…
Cm
So irritating,
B♭ A♭
don’t wanna be my friend no more
E♭
I wanna be somebody else…
Cm B♭ A♭
I wanna be somebody else…
4) Kate Bush, “Suspended in Gaffa,” chorus
From The Dreaming (1982), written by Kate Bush
Audio: YouTube (0:49–1:13)
Harmonic Rhythm:
| C | Am | G | F | (x3)
C Am
Suddenly my feet are feet of mud.
G F
It all goes slow-mo
C Am
I don't know why I'm crying.
G F
Am I suspended in gaffa?
C Am
Not until I'm ready for you
G F
Not until I'm ready for you
Can I have it all?
5) James Taylor, “Mexico,” chorus
From Gorilla (1975), written by James Taylor
Audio: YouTube (0:32–0:46)
Harmonic Rhythm:
| F# D#m | C# B | (x3)
F# D#m C# B
Oh, Mexico
F# D#m C# B
It sounds so simple I just got to go
F# D#m C# B
The sun's so hot I forgot to go home
6) Spin Doctors, “Two Princes,” chorus
From Pocket Full of Kryptonite (1992), written by Mark White, Eric Schenkman, Chris Barron, and Aaron Comess
Audio: YouTube (1:21–1:40)
Harmonic Rhythm:
| D Bm| A G | (x4)
Note: The same progression is used in the verses.
D Bm A
Said if you want to call me baby
G
(Just go ahead, now)
D Bm A
And if you like to tell me maybe
G
(Just go ahead, now)
D Bm A
If you wanna buy me flowers
G
(Just go ahead, now)
D Bm A
And if you like to talk for hours
G
(Just go ahead, now)
7) Lady Gaga, “Million Reasons,” chorus
From Joanne (2016), written by Hillary Lindsey, Mark Ronson & Lady Gaga
Audio: YouTube (1:34–2:02)
Harmonic Rhythm: | F | C | Am| G| (x3)
| F | F | C | C |
F C Am
I bow down to pray
G
I try to make the worst seem better
F C Am
Lord, show me the way
G
To cut through all his worn out leather
F C Am G
I've got a hundred million reasons to walk away
F C
But baby, I just need one good one to stay
8) Bastille, “Pompeii,” verse, prechorus
From Bad Blood (2013), written by Dan Smith
Audio: YouTube (0:31–1:02)
Harmonic Rhythm: | D | A | F#m7| V| (x2)
| D | A | F#m| V| (x2)
D A F#m7 E
I was left to my own de-v-i-c-e-s
D A F#m7 E
Many days fell away with nothing to show
D A
And the walls kept tumbling down
F#m E
In the city that we l-o-v-e-d
D A
Great clouds roll over the hills
F#m E
Bringing darkness from a-b-o-v-e
9) Tracy Chapman, “Fast Car,” verse 1
From Tracy Chapman (1988), written by Tracy Chapman
Audio: YouTube (0:21–1:02)
Harmonic Rhythm:
| Dmaj7 A | F#m Eadd4| (x4)
Dmaj7 A
You got a fast car.
F#m Eadd4
I want a ticket to anywhere.
Dmaj7 A
Maybe we make a deal,
F#m Eadd4
Maybe together we can get somewhere.
Dmaj7 A
Any place is better.
F#m Eadd4
Starting from zero, got nothing to lose.
Dmaj7 A
Maybe we'll make something,
F#m Eadd4
Me myself, I got nothing to prove.
10) Muse, “Mercy,” verse
From Drones (2015), written by Matt Bellamy
Audio: YouTube (0:16–0:47)
Harmonic Rhythm:
| C | G | Em | D | (x4)
C G Em D
Help me, I’ve fallen on the inside
C G Em D
I tried to change the game, I tried to infiltrate
C G
But now I'm losing, men in cloaks
Em D
Always seem to run the show
C G
Save me from the ghosts and shadows
Em D
Before they eat my soul
11) Maroon 5, “Payphone,” chorus
From Overexposed (2012), written by Ben Levin, Ammar Malik, Dan Omelio, and Shellback
Audio: YouTube (0:51–1:27)
Harmonic Rhythm:
| E| B | G#m7| F#| (x4)
E B
I’m at a payphone trying to call home
G#m7 F#
All of my change I spent on you
E
Where have the times gone
B
Baby it’s all wrong,
G#m7 F#
where are the plans we made for two?
E B
If happy ever after did exist
G#m7 F#
I would still be holding you like this
E B
All those fairy tales are full of it
G#m7 F#
One more stupid love song I’ll be sick
12) Taylor Swift, “The Great War,” chorus
From Midnights (2022), written by Taylor Swift & Aaron Dessner
Audio: YouTube (0:39–1:02)
Harmonic Rhythm:
| E♭ | B♭| Gm | F |(x2)
E♭
All that blood shed, crimson clover
B♭
Uh-huh, sweet dream was over
Gm F
My hand was the one you reached for
E♭
All throughout the Great War
B♭
Always remember, uh-huh, tears on the lettеr.
Gm F
I vowed not to cry anymore
E♭
If we survived thе Great War
13) Lizzy McAlpine, “Apple Pie,” chorus
From Give Me a Minute (2020), written by Lizzy McAlpine
Audio: YouTube (2:22–2:39)
Harmonic Rhythm:
| Gm | F | E♭ | B♭ | (x3)
Gm F
Every house looks the same
E♭ B♭
in my dreams,
Gm F
Every house feels like home
E♭ B♭
for a couple weeks,
Gm F
I been runnin round tryna to find a
E♭ B♭
place where I can breathe,
14) Shawn Mendes, “Treat You Better,” chorus
From Illuminate (2016), written by Shawn Mendes, Teddy Geiger, and Scott Harris
Audio: YouTube (0:56–1:21)
Harmonic Rhythm:
| B♭m| A♭| G♭|D♭| (x4)
B♭m A♭
I know I can treat you better
G♭ D♭
Than he can
B♭m A♭ G♭ D♭
And any girl like you deserves a gentleman
B♭m
Tell me why are we wasting time
A♭
On all on your wasted cryin'
G♭ D♭
When you should be with me instead
B♭m A♭
I know I can treat you better
G♭
Better than he can
Rosenberg, From Rock Music to Theory Pedagogy, Appendix C (includes a list of popular music using I-V-vi-IV and vi-IV-I-V)
Yale Musical Examples Database: See the "Harmonic Progressions" tab at the bottom.
Scott Lipscomb, "12 -Bar Blues Songs," History and Styles of Rock
Scott Lipscomb, Songs with the "I-vi-IV-V Progression," History and Styles of Rock
See the list of examples of the Doo-Wop Progression on Wikipedia here.