ADDIE stands for Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation. It is widely used by instructional designers to ensure that the instructional materials meet the needs of learners and achieve the desired learning outcomes (Morrison, Ross, & Kemp, 2019).
SAM stands for Successive Approximation Model. In comparison with ADDIE, this model highlights the iterative, agile, and collaborative nature of the design process. Thus, SAM is suited for projects that require frequent iteration in collaboration with stakeholders (Allen, 2012)
During our Analysis phase, we laid out our project timeline, determined our stakeholders, and conducted several analyses on the gaps and problems that needed to be addressed. Utilizing surveys from students, teachers, and parents' input, and an interview with a middle school graduate support program director, we analyzed insights. We found that students would benefit from learning how to perform conflict resolution tactics such as regulating emotions and active listening. Additionally, students could benefit from spaces to reflect and collaboratively evaluate solutions.
In our design phase, our team first revisited our learning goals and objectives to ensure alignment with our project needs. We then brainstormed utilizing various learning theories and strategies, as well as media/technology options, resulting in several early design ideas. To consolidate our learning design into a 4-week in-person course, we developed a logic model to articulate the rationale behind our design decisions.
In the development phase, we transformed our ideas into learning materials and activities. Using Google Sites, we built our course platform, which houses lesson outlines, instructions, and presentation slides with embedded videos. These resources are designed to support students and professionals leading the course.
Finally, we created Learning assessments using observations, interviews, and surveys to evaluate the learners' experiences to further iterate our design.
Our design process model focuses on elements of ADDIE while emphasizing components of SAM --- collaboration and frequent iteration. Due to time constraints and limited access to stakeholders, we spent more energy on the analysis and design phases over development and implementation/evaluation. In future iterations, we would replicate our project methodology plan and take time on the tasks within the analysis phase, particularly in establishing clear learning objectives. Improved stakeholder access would enable better alignment of designs with the specific needs of the program/learning environment, and facilitate effective implementation of learner assessments for further iteration. Additionally, revisiting learning objectives and analysis insights during the development phase ensures ongoing alignment with initial needs and problems.
References
Allen, M. (2012). Leaving ADDIE for SAM: An agile model for developing the best learning experiences. American Society for Training and Development.
Morrison, G. R., Ross, S. M., & Kemp, J. E. (2019). Designing effective instruction. John Wiley & Sons.