There is increasing evidence that higher education also must address the primary personal needs of students by providing a comprehensive set of out-of-classroom student services and programs commonly referred to as student services. (IASAS, 2009).

The diverse range of students entering Higher Education Institutions results in the need for additional support available to support student's academic and personal development. Support can include study skills to help with academic writing skills and subject-specific support to address gaps in subject knowledge and understanding. This support contributes to the quality of the student's learning experience and their educational achievement. (Dillon, et al. 2006). 

According to the Student Services Handbook (2017), CAS Functional Area Standards for Higher Education Programs and Services, which can be divided into four different groups: (1) academic-related services, (2) health-related services, (3) counseling services and (4) services for underrepresented groups (p. 400-412). 

Academic and Professional Development Services

1. • Academic Advising: Academic advisors help students to plan a course of study, achieve their goals, and promote their development.

   • Admissions: admissions professionals work to recruit and enroll students.

   • Assessment: to evaluate programs, support student learning and development, set priorities, and make data-driven decisions.

   • Education Abroad and International Student Programs: works with domestic students and faculty members to help them minimize the difficulties while studying and teaching in other countries.

   • Civic Engagement and Service-Learning Programs: to develop syllabi and community partners for service-learning courses, help students engage in community service, and connect community agencies with volunteers and interns.

   • Career Services: In addition to aiding students and alumni in their job searches, career services professionals develop relationships with employers to secure job, internship, and co-op placements for students.

   • Graduate and Professional Student Programs and Services: recruitment and admissions, orientation, advising, professional development, graduate council, and scholarship and fellowship programs.

   • Orientation and First-Year Programs: introduce the academic life of the campus as well as support services and campus life.

   • Student Veteran Support Services: connects student veterans to institutional resources, deal with military mobilization, and etc.

   • Women Student Programs and Services: support women, advocate gender equality.

Health-Related Services 

1. • Counseling Services: support for students’ personal development and psychological health, leading to a decrease in substantial mental health concerns.

   • Health and Wellness Programs: to promote the health and wellness of the campus community.

Counseling Services

1. • Auxiliary Services Functional Areas: to offer many employment opportunities for on-campus student. For example, housing, bookstores, dining, health services, student unions, and conference and event programs.

   • Counseling Services: support for students’ personal development and psychological health, leading to a decrease in substantial mental health concerns.

Services for Underrepresented Groups  

1. • Disability Services: secure access and accommodation for students with disabilities.

   • Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, and Queer (LGBTQ) Student Programs and Services: provide programs, services, and advocacy to promote a campus climate welcoming to LGBTQ students and staff and faculty members.

   • TRiO and Other Educational Opportunity Programs: identify, provide support services for low-income students, first generation students, disabled students.

Student Life Services

1. • College Union and Campus Activities: acts as the living room of the campus, a gathering place for students and faculty, staff, and community members, it usually offers cultural, educational, social, and recreational programming in addition to for-profit services such as a bookstore, bank, full-service and fast food restaurants, and game rooms.

   • Commuter and Off-Campus Student Services: provide programs and services specifically for commuter students and assist them to find suitable housing, work with property owners, live peaceably with neighbors, and engage in the campus community.

   • Fraternity and Sorority Programs: work with individual members, chapter leaders, the campus FS system, alumni, local and national FS headquarters, and national organizations devoted to fraternities and sororities to advance chapter and system goals and to promote community, leadership, scholarship, and philanthropy.

   • Intercollegiate Athletics: involving sports competition between different colleges

   • Multicultural Student Programs and Services: promote a culture of inclusion in which all students can thrive, can offer academic support programs, promote social justice, advocate for students, etc.

Osfield, J., K. and Ludeman, B. J. (2009). "Section VIII: Student affairs and services functions in higher education: professional services and programmes delivered for enhancement of student learning and success" in Student affairs and services in higher education: Global foundations, issues and best practices. International Association of Student Affairs and Services (IASAS). p. 65.67. 

Dhillon, J., McGowan, M., & Wang, H. (2006). What do we mean by student support? Staff and students’ perspectives of the provision and effectiveness of support for students.

Australian Government, Standard 6: Student support services (https://internationaleducation.gov.au/regulatory-information/Education-Services-for-Overseas-Students-ESOS-Legislative-Framework/National-Code/nationalcodepartd/Pages/ExplanatoryguideD6.aspx)

Nguyen Van Tuan et al. (2018). The effects of the quality of support services on the image of the university: A case of Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology, Ho Chi Minh City Open University Journal of Science, https://journalofscience.ou.edu.vn/index.php/soci-vi/article/view/882