Epistaxis (nosebleeds)
NOSEBLEEDING
What Causes a Nosebleed?
When the membranes lining the inside of the nose dry out and become irritated, the blood vessels break, causing a nosebleed. These are more common in the winter months, when the air is cold and dry. Other factors that may contribute to nosebleeds include:
Colds
Allergies
Sinus infections
Nose picking
Blowing the nose too hard
Frequent sneezing
Overuse of nasal sprays
Foreign objects in the nose
Trauma to the nose
What to Do
Have your child sit up with his or her head tilted slightly forward.
Do not have your child lean back — this may cause gagging, coughing, or vomiting.
Pinch the soft part of the nose at the bottom of the nostrils for at least 10 minutes. You can apply cold pack on the nape.
After the bleeding stops, DO NOT bend over, strain and/or lift anything heavy. DO NOT blow or rub your nose.
Get Medical Care if Your Child:
has nosebleeds often
may have put something in the nose
bruises easily or has heavy bleeding from minor wounds
recently started a new medicine
Get Emergency Medical Care if Bleeding:
is heavy
happens along with dizziness or paleness
continues after two or three times of applying pressure for 10 minutes each
is the result of a blow to the head or a fall
Think Prevention!
You can use a humidifier in your child's bedroom.
Discourage nose picking and keep kids' fingernails short.
REFERENCES:
https://calhns.com/when-should-you-worry-about-a-nosebleed/
https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/13464-nosebleed-epistaxis
https://kidshealth.org/en/parents/nosebleeds-sheet.html