Publication Ethics and Malpractice Statement

Vall Salina e-Journal is committed to upholding the highest standards of publication ethics and takes all possible measures against any publication malpractice. The journal follows internationally recognized ethical guidelines for scholarly publishing and expects all parties involved — authors, reviewers, and editors — to adhere to principles of integrity, transparency, and academic rigor.

1. Responsibilities of Authors

Authors submitting to Vall Salina e-Journal must ensure that:

• Their work is original and has not been published elsewhere, nor is it under consideration by another journal.

• All sources are properly cited and referenced.

• All listed authors have made a significant contribution to the research.

• Any potential conflicts of interest are clearly disclosed.

• Data presented in the manuscript are accurate and not manipulated.

Plagiarism in any form, including self-plagiarism, constitutes unethical publishing behavior and is not acceptable.

2. Responsibilities of Reviewers

Reviewers are expected to:

• Provide objective, constructive, and timely evaluations of the manuscript.

• Maintain confidentiality regarding the content of the manuscript.

• Declare any conflicts of interest that may affect their impartiality.

• Identify relevant published work that has not been cited by the authors.

3. Responsibilities of Editors

The Editorial Board is responsible for:

• Making publication decisions based on the scientific merit of the manuscripts.

• Ensuring a fair and unbiased review process.

• Maintaining confidentiality of submitted manuscripts.

• Addressing ethical issues, including cases of plagiarism, data fabrication, or authorship disputes.

4. Plagiarism and Misconduct

All manuscripts are subject to plagiarism detection and editorial control. In cases of suspected misconduct, the journal will follow appropriate procedures, which may include:

• Rejection of the manuscript

• Retraction of published articles

• Notification to the authors’ institutions

5. Conflict of Interest

All participants in the publication process (authors, reviewers, editors) must disclose any financial, personal, or professional relationships that could influence their work.

6. Open Access Policy

Vall Salina e-Journal provides immediate open access to its content, supporting the principle that making research freely available to the public fosters a greater global exchange of knowledge.

7. Ethical Guidelines

The journal follows the principles and recommendations of the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) for best practices in scholarly publishing.