Periodic Table Notes
PERIODIC TABLE -a collection of all the elements organized into families/groups and periods ELEMENTS -various kinds of atoms. Each element is set apart by the number of protons it has.
Organization of Periodic Table:
Families or Groups:
● These are the columns
● 18 total
● Elements in a family share a common characteristic (they have the same number of valence electrons-outer electrons)
Period:
● Horizontal rows
● Corresponds to the number of orbitals an element has
○ Hydrogen (H) is on Period 1 so it has 1 orbital
○ Oxygen (O) is on Period 2 so it has 2 orbitals
○ Magnesium (Mg) is on Period 3 so it has 3 orbitals
● 7 Periods total
● Atomic number increases by 1 as you go left to right