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Cell Theory
Cell Theory
Cells are the basic unit of structure and function.
(cell→ tissue→ organ→ organ system→ organism)
All cells come from preexisting cells (not spontaneous generation as previously thought).
All living things are made up of one (unicellular) or more cells (multicellular).
Organelles
Organelles
Organelles: any structure within a cell that performs a specific function for the cell.
Cytoplasm- Gel-like fluid that fills a cell and holds all other organelles in place. (arrows pointing to the cytoplasm often look like they are pointing at nothing).
Cell Wall- Outer layer of a plant cell that provides shape and support (made of cellulose)
Cell Membrane- A semi-permeable (allows only some things to come and go from cells) covering around all cells that controls what enters and exits a cell.
Chloroplast- The site of photosynthesis in plant cells. It contains the pigment chlorophyll that causes it to be green.
Nucleus- The control center of a cell. This is the location where DNA is stored in a cell.
Mitochondria- The site of cellular respiration where oxygen and glucose combine to make energy for the cell.
Vacuole- Storage site in a cell. It is used to store water, nutrients, and wastes.
Central Vacuole- Large vacuole in plants that mainly stores water. It pushes against the cell wall to help plants with pressure (allows them to stand up).
Lysosome- The waste disposers of a cell. It contains chemicals for breaking down food and unwanted materials.
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