Embedded Files
2 Main types of Bonds
2 Main types of Bonds
2 types of bonds hold compounds together.
Covalent Bonds= When two or more nonmetals form compounds.
Ionic Bonds= When metals bond with nonmetals to form compounds.
Covalent Bonds
Covalent Bonds
Covalent Bonds-valence electrons are SHARED between non-metal atoms so that all atoms have full outer orbitals
Ex: Oxygen has 6 valence electrons (2 more would make a full outer orbital), and Carbon has 4 valence electrons (4 more would make a full outer orbital). In the compound CO2, the atoms share electrons so that all have full outer orbitals
Ionic Bonds
Ionic Bonds
Ionic Bonds-valence electrons are TRANSFERED from a metal atom to a nonmetal atom so that all atoms have full outer orbital.
Ex: Sodium (Na-11) has 1 valence electron and Chlorine (Cl-17) has 8 valence electrons. Sodium donates its valence electron to chlorine, filling both atoms’ outer orbitals.
Sodium lost an electron. Now it only has 2 orbitals instead of 3, but its outer orbital is full with 8 electrons.
Chlorine gained an electron . It now has a full outer orbital with 8 electrons. Atom now has a negative charge because it has more electrons (18-) than protons (17+).
Na+ + Cl- → NaCl
Page updated
Report abuse