Planning

Direct Instruction

Direct instruction is teacher based and focused learning. It is also known as systematic teaching, active teaching, clinical teaching, and mastery teaching. This is a behaviorist approach to learning with the teacher having control over most or all of the lesson and learning that is being done. This is popularized by the Madeline hunter theory and shows that it is beneficial for students in remedial need, procedures, basic skills, and sequential instruction/queuing. I would use this when teaching some events in history, or something like science instructions. This is beneficial to some students and not to others, remembering that when teaching is important and remember to use frequent breaks, questioning, and modeling. https://th.bing.com/th/id/OIP.htdRCrXXxdRGOmqKeIMYTAHaFj?w=210&h=180&c=7&r=0&o=5&pid=1.7

BDA

BDA is a before, during, and after teaching and learning strategy. It is an instructional model that scaffolds and has students read in three different phases, before, during, after. Before is the preview text to motivate the students, during helps assist with comprehension, and after helps students to summarize the reading. Most BDA strategies are things that students do naturally or should already be doing while reading. Some of the more common BDA strategies used include KWL charts (Know, want to know, learned), graphic organizers, word walls, making predictions, etc. https://www.jpattonassociates.com/wp-content/uploads/2007/01/bda_model-300x215.gif

Gradual Release Model

The gradual release model is used where guided practice and independent practice are added into the lesson. The different sections are "I Do", "We do", "You do it together", and "You do it alone". What is involved in this section include:

1. I do (Focused instruction)

2. We do (Guided practice)

3. You do it together (Collaborative learning)

4. You do it alone (Independent learning)

https://th.bing.com/th/id/OIP.BONSPAGR8amDhslzJElh8wHaFj?w=251&h=188&c=7&r=0&o=5&pid=1.7

5E Controlled Inquiry

The 5E instructional model involves 5 sections throughout the model. This is used throughout lesson plans, primarily used within science lesson plans, but is able to be used/modeled in all subjects. This is a more involved and engaging lesson plan model, and helps to both keep students on task, as well as getting as much knowledge and experience out of the topic learned as possible. The 5E's stand for

• Engage (activating prior knowledge, engage students, use of media)

• Explore (student led, generate hypothesis and observations, problem solving)

• Explain (Teacher led, teacher uses questioning to clarify what student has observed)

• Elaborate (Students get deeper understanding, skills practiced, independent practice)

• Evaluate (individual assessment, check for mastery, closure activities and any clarifications)

I use this model for any lesson that needs to be more engaging or has a lot of in-depth learning involved. It is helpful for something you are teaching that involves a lot of activities. https://th.bing.com/th/id/OIP.sgNSiHf0jxCYT6vQp3ijrQHaEJ?w=290&h=180&c=7&r=0&o=5&pid=1.7

Unit Planning

Unit planning is how the whole year or unit is organized. It is organized into daily lessons and plans that connect with materials and application throughout all lessons. This is how organized and well the lessons and topics are being taught together and work with each other to almost build off of one another. Students should be able to explore and learn major concepts and themes throughout the connected learning and planned lessons. They can be organized in many ways including chronological, Sequential, and Thematic. Chronological is used in social studies content and works within cause and effect and those relationships in learning. Sequential is more Skill-based and is a step-by-step instruction. Thematic helps students to understand more complex ideas deeply and develop more cross-curricular learning experiences. https://th.bing.com/th/id/OIP.Eb1B4ZQo2QLXeolZb7c-GgHaDs?w=349&h=174&c=7&r=0&o=5&pid=1.7