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4. Action, time and finance plan
4. Action, time and finance plan
Formulates and evaluates well-documented action, time and finance plans with clear evidence of their application to the project, system or environment (PSE).
4a. Action Time Plan
4a. Action Time Plan
Time action plans are a visual plan to scaffold your design process for your project. As the name 'time action' describes the plan should indicate the process you intend to take with your project.
The project management section of your portfolio requires you to develop a timeline plan using a table, Gantt chart or spreadsheet. The timeline plan should break down your major project and portfolio into a series of tasks and estimate the estimated time allocated and finish time for each task. The timeline plan should be used as an ongoing tool for assessment of progress and therefore, used as a management tool to assist in the successful completion of the major project.
Steps for Success
Steps for Success
The timeline plan should show:
a sequence of every task required to complete your major project and portfolio.
estimated time of completion of each task, and the actual time of completion of each task.
any variation to the planned sequence.
an evaluation that explains any future changes or adaptations.
Refer to the exemplars below and read the assessment marking criteria to guide your Time Plan.
For further guidance refer to the exemplar portfolios at the bottom of the page.
4b. Finance Plan
4b. Finance Plan
The finance plan is a projection of the cost of materials and other resources. This will identify what finance is available (ie. your budget), estimates of costs, actual costs and a progressive balance. Demonstrate a genuine effort to develop a budget based on available finances.
It is not just a number of receipts collected and totalled at the end of the project.
Document the finance plan as an ongoing exercise this will also provide you with an opportunity to demonstrate ongoing evaluation.
Demonstrating that everything in the finance plan has been used in the project.
Make sure that any variation/s in cost due to changes in design and other changes are evident in the project.
Showing any variation in design due to unforeseen costs is evident in the project. retaining all receipts and include them in your folio as evidence of all financial costs explaining all changes to the finance plan in the ongoing evaluation.
The finance plan should not be written after the event rather updated throughout the duration of the project.
Steps for success:
Steps for success:
Follow the layout similar to an exemplar portfolio (include: Brief description of your budget, a table breaking down the estimated cost and actual cost of your project and then evaluate your finance plan)
Evaluation of the estimated and actual finance plan should be included within the portfolio.
Questions to answer include:
How successful was the budget?
Did you go over budget? if so why?
If you were to scale your product up to sell it how would you reduce costs?
Refer to the exemplars below and read the assessment marking criteria to guide your Finance Plan.
For further guidance refer to the exemplar portfolios at the bottom of the page.
5. Evidence of creativity - Idea Generation, Degree of difficulty and exploration of existing ideas.
5. Evidence of creativity - Idea Generation, Degree of difficulty and exploration of existing ideas.
Demonstrates the substantial application of creativity in the development of the Major Design Project (MDP).
Your portfolio depicts the creativity and design process you use in solving your problems throughout your major project. The section titled 'Evidence of creativity' is broken up into 3 sections:
5a. Idea generation
5a. Idea generation
The first step is to start with a mood board. A mood board is a way to express your general feelings of the design you wish to develop, it demonstrates the concepts you are exploring, from materials, colour, systems, technologies.
Second, you are generating a series of concept sketches. A concept sketch is a rough design idea that details the features of the design using annotations (notes). To take these further you can design 3D CAD models using Onshape or Sketchup.
5b. Degree of difference
5b. Degree of difference
The title describes this section of the evidence of creativity. You are required to compare and contrast your design ideas (concept sketches) to existing ideas. Compare similarities and differences, what your ideas do better or differently to existing products.
5c. Exploration of existing ideas
5c. Exploration of existing ideas
This is where you document a series of existing design ideas that are already on the market. You then critically analyse each design using a PINE analysis (see below for details on how to create a PINE analysis.
Steps for success:
Steps for success:
Follow the layout similar to an exemplar portfolio
Include images with a PINE analysis for a series of existing designs, relate the project to a known benchmark with modification and innovation.
Draw multiple design concept sketches, and then break them down into smaller more detailed sections. Include annotations to describe your sketches and the ideas behind them.
Compare and contrast the similarities and differences of your designs to the existing market.
Creativity is shown/discussed/demonstrated or applied.
Clearly demonstrate the evolution of PSE, prototypes, models and ideas.
What is a PINE Analysis?
What is a PINE Analysis?
A PINE Analysis is a series of dot points that break down the critique of a project into four areas: positive, interesting, negative and evaluation. For each letter of the word PINE, you will identify and describe two to three points.
P = Positive
Describe positive features of the project, reflect on material colour, type of material, features, construction techniques, is it a simple or hard project etc).
I = Interesting
Describe any interesting details, or techniques that have been used, how could they be incorporated into your major project.
N = Negative
Describe any areas of the project you do not like refer to: design how it looks (aesthetics) and how the project functions, reflect on your skill level is this project too complex.
E = Evaluation
Justify your final opinion of the project relating the whole project or aspects of the design to the following areas:
have you got the skills to construct a project like this or aspects of it;
Can the project be completed in the time frame (3 Terms);
Have you got any experience in making a project of this type;
Materials are they suitable would you change them, can you afford to construct the project, what costs are involved.
Developing creative skills
Developing creative skills
Design Strategy 1 - SCAMPER
Design Strategy 1 - SCAMPER
The image below shows a designer using SCAMPER to generate a range of ideas from a basic rubber/eraser. The following link provides more information on the Scamper design strategy - https://litemind.com/scamper/
Design Strategy 2 - Inversion
Design Strategy 2 - Inversion
This design strategy is referred to as ‘Inversion’. This technique involves turning the problem around and looking at it in a completely different way.
Think of all the different ways you can solve the problem?
Look at it from different perspectives, the needs of the consumer, the user and the manufacturer. The following link provides more information on the process of inversion. https://jamesclear.com/inversion
This sheet shows a designer using the Inversion technique to generate a range of ideas for filling up a vessel with water.
Design Strategy 3 - Morphological Analysis
Design Strategy 3 - Morphological Analysis
This design strategy is called, ‘Morphological Analysis’
This is a way of developing new ideas by using lists to analyse existing products. It tends to provide a large range of ideas.
This is how it works:
List the attributes or features of a product for example a toothbrush – power supply, head shape, material, style, target audience etc.
Draw a table with the attributes forming the headings of each column
Write down as many variables of each attribute as you can think of (this can be completed by the students suggesting variables) – see example opposite for a light source
Select one entry from each column to generate a new idea for a product.
Repeat several times with different combinations
For further guidance refer to the exemplar portfolios at the bottom of the page.
6. Consideration of design factors relevant to the Major Design Project.
6. Consideration of design factors relevant to the Major Design Project.
Analyses a range of design factors relevant to the Project and applies them.
As a designer, you are always analysing factors that may affect your design, such as how it functions, the aesthetics, cost of materials, available machinery, ethical implications etc. This section of your portfolio requires you to identify several factors that may affect your design. analyse their potential impact and then apply these factors throughout your design process.
Steps for success:
Steps for success:
Create a 4 column table including the headings across the top row (Factor, Analysis of the effect, Importance and on pages) refer to Exemplar 1.
Use the factors affecting the design section of the website to help identify any factor relevant to your project.
Definition: Analyse
Definition: Analyse
Identify components and the relationship between them; draw out and relate implications.
Click the button to access the section of the website
For further guidance refer to the exemplar portfolios at the bottom of the page.
7. Appropriate research and experimentation of: Materials, Tools, Techniques and Testing of Design Solutions.
7. Appropriate research and experimentation of: Materials, Tools, Techniques and Testing of Design Solutions.
Undertakes, evaluates and applies appropriate research, experimentation and design solution testing in the development of the MDP.
A critical part of the design process is testing and evaluating, materials, tools and techniques. This section comprises the majority of the project portfolio. There are many ways this can be presented. The portfolio should demonstrate the following areas:
Varied types and sources of materials are presented.
Appropriate testing to aid in evolution and solution to the problem.
Evidence presented aids in the development and production of the PSE. Relevant research is conducted.
True evaluation of testing and research to develop the PSE.
Clear and concise presentation of the findings.
The related testing may enhance the practical skills,
The design solution has been tested throughout its evolution
Definition: Evaluate
Definition: Evaluate
Make a judgement based on criteria; determine the value of
Steps for success:
Steps for success:
Read the marking criteria carefully.
Refer to the layout and information presented in the exemplars below.
Identify the research or test, describe the process/information, evaluate the impact on the final design.
Ensure there is a clear spot for the evaluation in your portfolio.
Anything you test or research needs to be documented in this section.
For further guidance refer to the exemplar portfolios at the bottom of the page.
8. Application of conclusion
8. Application of conclusion
Applies conclusions drawn from research and experimentation and design solution testing to the MDP.
The application of conclusions is demonstrated through the previous section, however, some portfolios outline the specific conclusions from research and testing.
High quality portfolios demonstrate the following:
Decision-making is on-going and from a range of areas.
Decisions are seen, presented, reflected in the development and final solution.
Decisions link to research, experiments and tests.
Conclusions are drawn from the results of research.
The clarity of the conclusions is evidenced in PSE and documentation.
Steps for success:
Steps for success:
Read the marking criteria carefully.
Refer to the layout and information presented in the exemplars below.
Ensure spelling and grammar have been checked.
For further guidance refer to the exemplar portfolios at the bottom of the page.
9. Identification and justification of ideas and resources used
9. Identification and justification of ideas and resources used
Justifies the selection and use of ideas and resources used in the PSE.
This section requires you to explain and then justify the selection of ideas and resources used within the development of the Major Project.
Ideas and resources are presented with appropriate reasons relating to a solution to the candidates problem.
Relevance to the projects outcome and development.
Does generic evidence relates to the specific problem?
Explanations are presented to show why the correct choice was made.
Definition: Justify
Definition: Justify
Support an argument or conclusion.
Steps for success:
Steps for success:
Create a 3 column table including the headings across the top row (Resources, Identification, and justification of resource) refer to Exemplar 2.
Ensure the justification clearly identifies the implications the resource had on the development of the project.
For further guidance refer to the exemplar portfolios at the bottom of the page.
10. Use of communication and presentation techniques
10. Use of communication and presentation techniques
Succinctly demonstrates a range of appropriate qaulity communication and presentation techiques.
This section of the portfolio does not specifically need to be addressed by creating a page outlining the communication, the portfolio naturally demonstrates this. Stronger portfolios demonstrate outstanding communication through consistent formatting, quality photos, sketches and CAD drawings. Refer to the exemplars by clicking the link below.
Does the MDP show clarity and is it succinct?
Presentation and story easy to follow and understand.
Does it contribute to the level of practical skills demonstrated?
Documentation should be related to the PSE presented,
e.g. for a piece of furniture - workshop drawings, cutting list would be necessary.
For further guidance refer to the exemplar portfolios at the bottom of the page.
11. Evidence and application of practical skills to produce a quality project
11. Evidence and application of practical skills to produce a quality project
Applies a range of high quality practical skills in the development of the PSE.
This section of the portfolio does not specifically need to be addressed by creating a page outlining the production of the project. Unless section 7. appropriate research and experimentation does not adequately demonstrate the practical skills used in the production of the project.
Practical project depends on the brief or what the student was trying to achieve, e.g. a stage dress /costume does not need perfect sewing techniques.
The range of processes have taken place to produce the PSE.
Management, communication and construction techniques are evident in the solution presented by the student.
Evidence in prototypes and modeling and use of programs/software or machines.
For further guidance refer to the exemplar portfolios at the bottom of the page.
12. Recording and application of evaluation procedures throughout the design of project.
12. Recording and application of evaluation procedures throughout the design of project.
Critically evaluates aspects of the PSE throughout its entire development.
Project evaluation is an ongoing component of the Major Project and Portfolio. Quality Portfolios have a clearly identified section on each page which critically evaluates the research, testing and overall design process.
Steps for success:
Steps for success:
Create single cell table, and add it to the bottom of each page of the Portfolio
Use a PINE analysis to structure your evaluation
Make it stand out, with the heading 'Evaluation' and change the colour of the table to separate it from the rest of the information.
Questions to consider:
What impact has the research and testing had on the development of the project?
Was it successful? if so/ how? if not what are the next steps that need to be taken?
Use the criteria to evaluate success which was developed at the beginning of the Portfolio demonstrate consistency with the vision and purpose of the project.
Definition: Critically Evaluate
Definition: Critically Evaluate
Add a degree or level of accuracy depth, knowledge and understanding, logic, questioning, reflection and quality to (analyse/evaluate).
For further guidance refer to the exemplar portfolios by clicking the button below.
When the above sections have been fully completed Assessment 4 is ready to be submitted. Ensure that spelling and grammar is corrected and headings match the headings from the marking criteria. Note Assessment 4 is not the final submission of the Portfolio and Project, this is done for the HSC submission.
Click the link below to access the information and guides for the final submission of the HSC Major Project and Portfolio.
Click the link below to access the information and guides for the final submission of the HSC Major Project and Portfolio.
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