Anatomy & Physiology

Anatomy

• • Levels of organisation (chemical→organism).

  • Taxonomy + phylogenetic trees. Kingdom Animalia. 

  • Comparative anatomy framing: which body plans are shared and why.

Physiology application

• • Biodiversity station lab — classify specimens by traits, connect to function. Positions comparative anatomy as the course lens.

Assessments

• • Biodiversity station lab (A + SEP2, SEP8) 

  • ICFES phylogeny questions

  • Planes and sections coloring page

Scaffolding

• • Organism diversity → conserved body plans → why we dissect multiple species

Anatomy

• • Elemental composition puzzle

  • Organelle structure + function — Mystery Cells (ID cell type from organelle complement). 

  • SA:V ratio, cell membrane basics.

Physiology application

• • SA:V Ratio Lab: worksheet calculation (potato cubes + diffusion indicator if possible). Calculate, graph, connect result to cell specialisation — bridge to tissue preview in U3.

  • Cell membrane bubble lab

Assessments

• • ICFES Organelle quiz (A + SEP6) 

  • SA:V lab (A + SEP5, SEP4)

Scaffolding

• • Organelle function → specialisation → cell shape predicts tissue role

Anatomy

• • Parts + functions, parfocal use, wet mount prep. 

  • Biological drawing standards (scale bar, shading, line weight, labels).

  • Microscope Mania.

Physiology application

• • "What can you learn about a cell's job from how it looks at 400×?" Predict function from form before identifying — the core habit of the course.

Assessments

• • Microscope quiz (A + SEP3)

  • Wet mount slide prep (SEP3, SEP2)

Scaffolding

• • Instrument skills → drawing conventions → carry into every future histology + dissection summative

Anatomy

• • 4 primary tissues: epithelial, connective (blood, osseous, adipose, fibrous), muscle (skeletal, cardiac, smooth), nervous.

  • Histology workbook — identify, draw, annotate structure-to-function.

Physiology application

• • For each tissue: "why does it look exactly this way?"  Permanent reference for all remaining units.

    • Stratified squamous → abrasion. 

    • Intercalated discs → cardiac syncytium. 

    • Lacunae rings → bone cell nutrition. 

Assessments

• • Histology station summative (A + SEP2, SEP6), Reappears in cumulative final

Scaffolding

• • Tissue micro-anatomy → named at macro level in every subsequent unit

Anatomy

• • Directional terms + planes (all 6 directions, 3 planes). Body cavities. 

  • Anatomical movements poster.

  • Crimes Against Anatomy reading + audio.

Physiology application

• • Reverence essay — ethical argument using textual evidence + scientific rationale for dissection. First Standard C (SEP7) summative.

Assessments

• • Anatomical directions poster (A + SEP2, SEP8) 

  • Reverence essay (C + SEP7) — first Std C grade

Scaffolding

• • External body → internal organisation → directional language used every dissection hereafter

Anatomy

• • Feedback loops (negative/positive), set point, receptor–control–effector

  • Endocrine day: major glands, hormone types, nervous vs endocrine.

  • Integumentary System

Physiology application

• Reflex Olympics: Cerebral Sprint, Chain Reaction Relay, Ready? Set? WHOA! Collect + graph reflex data. 

• Hormone-Homeostasis hexagon case study.

• Burn Classification Case Study

Assessments

• • Reflex Olympics (C + SEP3, SEP4) — major Std C summative

  • Endocrine embedded in homeostasis discussion

Scaffolding

• • Reflex arc (U5) → feedback loop model → endocrine parallel system → sets up U8 hormonal cycle