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Under this subject is included the scientific and professional production of terrestrial and aquatic food animals. The production of companion and animals for sport and pleasure are included in this discipline. While quantity production is the objective, quality in terms of good health and safety from the consumer’s standpoint should likewise be emphasized. These considerations are what differs zootechnics from animal science and animal husbandry.
I. PRINCIPLES OF ANIMAL BREEDING, SELECTION AND IMPROVEMENT (10%)
A. Type, Breeds, Breeding, Reproduction and Improvement Principles of Farm Animals
B. Principles of Variations in Economic Traits in Farm Animals
C. Principles of Selection of Superior Breeding Stocks
SAMPLE QUESTIONS
1. The rate of improvement in a herd or breed in dependent on the following EXCEPT:
a. The genetic association among traits upon which selection is based
b. The difference between selected individuals and the average of the herd or group from which they come
c. The average age of parents when the offspring are born
d. The percentage of observed differences between animals that is due environment.
2. It refers to the “amount” by which the offspring exceeds the mean of both parents:
a. Heterozygosity
b. None of these
c. Hybrid
d. Hybrid vigor
II. PRINCIPLES OF ANIMAL NUTRITION, ANIMAL PRODUCTION AND HEALTH PROGRAMS (20%)
A. Digestion Physiology and Feed Efficiency Conversion
B. Composition, Function to Analysis of Feed Nutrients and Feedstuffs
C. Feed Formulation and Feeding Standards
D. Health Programs, Housing and Facilities
SAMPLE QUESTIONS
1. What is the required crude protein percentage of a dairy cow in early lactation?
a. 22%
b. 12%
c. 19%
d. 15%
2. What is measured in a bomb calorimeter?
a. Heat energy
b. Digestible energy
c. Gross energy
d. Metabolized energy
3. It is the most important vitamin required in cattle rations
a. Vitamin C
b. Vitamin A
c. Vitamin E
d. Vitamin D
4. A chromic dermatitis with scaly skin and a thinning of the hair coat with rough appearance in primates is caused by a deficiency of:
a. Niacin
b. Biotin
c. Folic acid
d. Pantothenic acid
5. Salivary amylase acts on starch to produce:
a. Glucose
b. Galactose
c. Sucrose
d. Maltose
III. CATTLE, CARABAO AND SMALL RUMINANT PRODUCTION (15%)
A. Breeds, Breeding and Selection Principles
B. Reproduction, Trends and Development
C. Nutrition, Care and Herd Management
SAMPLE QUESTIONS
1. A normal carrying capacity of an undeveloped pasture is:
a. 1 cow per hectare
b. 10 cows per hectare
c. 30 cows per hectare
d. 20 cows per hectare
2. The floor space requirement for buck is:
a. 3.5 sq.m.
b. 2.8 sq.m.
c. 1.5 sq.m.
d. 1.9 sq.m.
3. If a ewe is bred on January 1, when is it going to lamb?
a. May 20
b. May 25
c. May 29
d. June 4
IV. SWINE PRODUCTION AND MANAGEMENT (15%)
A. Breeds, Breeding and Selection Principles
B. Reproduction, Trends and Development
C. Nutrition, Care and Herd Management
SAMPLE QUESTIONS
1. Early weaning of piglets is now practical at:
a. 10-12 days
b. 24-30 days
c. 18-21 days
d. 30-45 days
2. A 20-kg pig has to be fed 16% protein ration. Corn containing 8.9% protein and a 36% protein supplement are available. What percent of the ration should consist of corn and the 36% protein supplement?
a. 24.8% corn and 75.2% supplement
b. 73.8% corn and 26.2% supplement
c. 75.2% corn and 24.8% supplement
d. 73.8% corn and 26.2% supplement
3. Which of the following traits in swine has the lowest percentage of heritability?
a. Litter weight at weaning
b. Litter size at weaning
c. Birth weight of pigs
d. Daily gain from weaning to marketing
4. Handling and transport of animals in the Philippines are now regulated by the passage of the ____.
a. Veterinary Practice Act
b. Agriculture and Fisheries Modernization Act
c. All of these
d. Animal Welfare Act
5. A pig consumed 280 kgs of feed to reach 90 kgs from its starting weight of 15 kgs. What is its feed conversion ratio (FCR)?
a. 4.0
b. 3.6
c. 3.73
d. 3.11
V. POULTRY PRODUCTION AND MANAGEMENT (15%)
A. Breeds, Stock Selection and Reproduction Physiology of the Chicken
B. Nutrition, Production and Management Principles at Different Stages
C. Health Programs
SAMPLE QUESTIONS
1. When should culling of chickens take place?
a. Before the laying period
b. During transfer to the laying house
c. After the laying period
d. Throughout the year
2. Change from a starter ration to a growing ration occurs when chicks are:
a. 4 weeks old
b. 10 weeks old
c. 8 weeks old
d. 6 weeks old
3. What is the average culling percentage of a laying flock under normal conditions?
a. 25%
b. 20%
c. 40%
d. 30%
4. Use of trapnests is a way of:
a. Measuring egg production
b. Mating
c. Measuring feed intake
d. Culling
5. A bird whose ovaries have been removed is called a:
a. Slip
b. Capon
c. Poulard
d. Pullet
VI. EQUINE PRODUCTION AND MANAGEMENT (15%)
A. Breeding and Selection Principles
B. Nutrition, Care, Management, Behavior and Training Principles
C. Health Programs
SAMPLE QUESTIONS
1. Because of the limited bacterial action in the horse, this is not used in horse rations.
a. Urea
b. Slat
c. Lysine
d. Phosphorus
2. A smooth mouthed horse is ____ years of age.
a. 5
b. 10
c. 8
d. 12
3. Mares usually stay in heat for:
a. 1-2 days
b. 3-7 days
c. 10-14 days
d. 7-10 days
4. The frequency of mating of a 3-year old stallion should be:
a. 3 services/week
b. 2-3 services/day
c. 1 service/day
d. 2 service/week
VII. ZOO AND EXOTIC ANIMAL MANAGEMENT (5%)
A. Nutrition and Care Management Principles
B. Health Programs
SAMPLE QUESTIONS
1. The following are breed of rabbit EXCEPT:
a. Harlequin
b. English Angora
c. Australian White
d. New Zealand White
VIII. RESTRAINT OF ANIMALS (5%)
REFERENCES
1. Animal Nutrition by Maynard, L.A., Loosli, T.K. Hitz, H.F. and Warner, R.G. 7th ed.
2. Animal Science and Industry. 1991. Acher, D and Cunningham, M.
3. Applied Animal Nutrition by Cheedks, R. 1991
4. Beef Cattle Production. Lesley, J.F. 1981
5. Breeding and Improvement of Farm Animals. 6th ed. Andrews, F.N. Warwick, E.T. and Legates, J.F. New York, St. Louis: McGraw Hill Book Co.
6. Breeding and Improvement of Farm Animals. 7th ed. 1980. Warwick, E.T. and Legates, J.E. London, Sidney: McGraw Hill Book Co.
7. Breeding Management and Foal Development. T. Warren Evan, Research Editor Equine Research, inc. Tyler, Texas, 1982
8. Farm Animal Behavior, 1980. Fraser, Andrew F. Spottiswoods Ballantyne Ltd. Colchester and London.
9. Feeds and Feeding by Cullison, A.E. and Lowrey R.S. 4th ed.
10. Feed Composition Tables for the Philippines by PCCARRD. 1994
11. Genetics of Livestock Improvement. 3rd ed. 1978. Lesley, J.F. Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey: Prentice Hall Inc.
12. The Horse. 1977. Evans, J.W., A. Horton, H.F. Hintz, and L.D. Van Leck. W.H. Freeman and Co., San Francisco, pp 766
13. The Horse Breeding Farm. 1979. Willes, L.C. A.S. Barnes and Co., Inc. N.T.
14. Horses and Horsemating, Latest ed. 1977. Ensminger, M.E. The Interstate Printers and Publishers, Ill, pp546.
15. Husbandry and Health of Domestic Buffalo. Cockrill, W.R. 1974
16. Hy-line Commercial Management Guide, 4th ed. 1991
17. Introduction to Livestock and Production. 1966. Cole, H.
18. Livestock Husbandry Techniques, 1983. Mc Nitt, JI and Clay, R. The Chaucer Press Ltd. Bungay Suffolk.
19. Mastitis Control and Herd Management, 1981. Bramley, A.J. Dodd, F.H. and Griffin T.K. Technical Bulletin no. 4, the National Institute for Research in Daitying, Reading, UK, 290pages
20. Philippine Food Composition Tables, 1997. FNRI-DOST.
21. Philippines Recommends for Beef Cattle Production, 1985
22. Philippines Recommends for Broiler Production, 1988
23. Philippines Recommends for Dairy Cattle Production, 1985
24. Philippines Recommends for Goat Farming, 1985
25. Philippines Recommends for Sheep Raising. 1989
26. Poultry International (Journal 1990-1993)
27. Poultry Production, 12th ed. 1979. Neishem, M.C. et al.
28. Restraint of Animals, 1953. Leahy, John R and Barrow, Pat. Cornell Campus Store.
29. Schaum’s Outline of Theory and Problems of Genetics. 1969. Stansfield, W.D. London Sidney: McGraw Hill Book Co.
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