Scientific Argumentation

Scientific argumentation is an important practice in science.  Scientific argumentation is an attempt to validate or refute a claim on the basis of reasons in a manner that reflects the values of the scientific community.  A claim is not simply an opinion or an idea; rather, it is a conjecture, explanation, or other conclusion that provides a sufficient answer to a research question.  The term reasons is used to describe the support someone offers for a conclusion. The term evidence is often used to describe the reasons used by scientists, especially when the support is based on data gathered through an investigation. Yet reasons do not have to be based on measurements or observations to be viewed as scientific. 

Why Should I Include Scientific Argumentation in My Classroom?

A major aim of science education in the United States is for all students to become proficient in science by the time they finish high school. Science proficiency consists of four interrelated aspects.  First, it requires an individual to know important scientific explanations about the natural world, to be able to use these explanations to solve problems, and to be able to understand new explanations when they are introduced. Second, it requires an individual to be able to generate and evaluate scientific explanations and scientific arguments. Third, individuals need to understand the nature of scientific knowledge and how scientific knowledge develops over time. Finally, and perhaps most importantly, individuals that are proficient in science should be able to understand the language of science and be able to participate in scientific practices (such as inquiry and argumentation)

Why should I include scientific arguementation in my classroom?

How Can I Implement Science Argumentation in My Classroom?

Below you will find resources to help you teach using science argumentation.

Rubrics and Other Resources