Matter can be categorized as PURE SUBSTANCES or MIXTURES
Pure Substances: Matter made of only one kind of substance.
- Same composition throughout.
- Has a set recipe (formula)
- Every sample has the same properties.
- Elements:Made of exactly one kind of atom. Can not be broken into simpler substances.
- Atom:Smallest unit of an element. IE: One atom of a Oxygen (O)
- Compounds: Made of more than one kind of atom in a fixed ratio/recipe (chemical formula: H2O)
- Molecules: Smallest unit of a compound. IE: One molecule of CO2
Mixtures: Matter made of MORE than one kind of substance.
- Has different properties depending on the ratio of substances.
- Not always made the same way. (Different recipe/composition)
- Heterogeneous Mixtures: You can SEE the different substances
- Suspensions:Mixtures where the various parts are clearly separate.
- LARGE particles
- CAN be filtered
- DOES separate into layers
- DOES scatter light
- Homogenous Mixtures: CAN NOT see the different substances.
- Solutions:One substance is completely dissolved in another.
- SMALL particles
- can NOT be filtered
- does NOT separate into layers
- does NOT scatter light
- Colloids: A mixture where particles are evenly distributed but larger than a solution. (gels, emulsions, etc.)
- MEDIUM particles
- can NOT be filtered
- does NOT separate into layers
- DOES scatter light (looks foggy)