AJHS Science - Grade 10

Artwork by Juan Diego Antonio of Batch 2021

Welcome to Grade 10 Science, where we blast off with Physics!

Course Description

The Grade 10 Science Program equips learners with scientific knowledge and skills essential for understanding the world and solving real-life problems. It emphasizes critical thinking, practical applications, and sustainability through focused teaching approaches in Physics. Lessons are organized in these three main themes:

1) Motion

The teacher introduces motion by guiding students through the Nature and Methods of Science (observation, data collection, and analysis) of real-life movement. Inquiry-based strategies will help learners understand Kinematics while the teacher integrates environmental contexts related to Green Education—such as transportation and sustainable mobility—and mentors them in formulating research questions, variables, significance, scope, and limitations for their Science Research (SciRe) project.

2) Forces

The teacher facilitates hands-on activities and experiments to explore how Forces affect objects, while also reinforcing scientific reasoning and hypothesis testing. Lessons will connect to societal issues, like materials recovery systems, allowing students to frame their SciRe projects around relevant Filipino community context, global needs, and relevant Sustainable Development Goals.

3) Energy

The teacher utilizes practical investigations to teach forms, transformations, and conservation of energy. Emphasis will be placed on Renewable Sources of Energy and Climate Action, with students applying their learning to propose Green Solutions in their SciRe projects—aligning with the SDGs and presenting their findings with strong scientific communication skills.

Learning Outcomes

At the end of the course, the students are expected to:

explain the interrelationships among the different physical characteristics and processes of matter (COMPETENCE);
demonstrate discernment and scientific process skills in investigating the natural world, which leads to caring for our planet through conserving energy and resources, preserving the environment, and developing sustainably (CONSCIENCE);
apply scientific methodologies in creating innovative solutions to face the global challenge of enhancing quality of life (COMMITMENT);
communicate to others the importance of taking a scientific mindset in analyzing and solving the problems of society (COMPASSION); and
gain a deeper appreciation of the order instituted by God in the natural world, which is a reflection of His divine nature. (CHRIST-CENTEREDNESS)

LESSONS (Regular)

FIRST TERM - Motion (August to October)*

O - Schola Brevis

1.1 - Physics and its Branches

1.2 - Filipino Physicists

1.3 - Nature of Science (NOS): All Domains and Tenets of Science

Scientific World View
- The World is Understandable
- Scientific Ideas are Preliminary
- Scientific Knowledge is Durable
- Science cannot Provide Explanations/ Answers to Everything
Scientific Inquiry
- Science Demands Evidence
- Science is a Blend of Logic and Imagination
- Science Explains and Predicts
- Scientists Identify and Avoid Bias
- Science is Not Authoritarian
Scientific Enterprise
- Science is a Complex Social Activity
- Science is Interdisciplinary
- Ethical Principles are Observed in the Conduct of Science
- Scientists Participate as Specialists and as Citizens

1.4 - Sustainable Development Goals

Green Education: Blue Prints for Tomorrow (create a classroom-level policy that is aligned to Green Education and SDGs)

1.5 - Methods of Science (MOS)

Writing the Problem Statement
Formulating Hypothesis
Identifying Variables, Scope, and Limitations of the Study
Writing the Significance of the Study with SDGs
Gathering and Selecting Related Literature Using Online and Library Sources
Properly Citing the Sources using APA format

1.6 - MOS: Measurement

Accuracy and Precision of Measurements
Significant Figures (with Rounding)
Scientific Notation
Three-Step Dimensional Analysis
Using the Scientific Calculator

1.7 - MOS: Motion Graphs

Distance-Time Graph
Velocity-Time Graph
Acceleration-Time Graph

1.8 - Physical Quantities of Matter: Fundamental and Derived

Scalars and Vectors
Distance, Displacement, Speed, Velocity, and Acceleration

1.9 - Horizontal Motion

Choosing Kinematic Equations

1.10 - Vertical Motion

Objects Thrown Upward
Objects Dropped

1.11 - Projectile Motion

Horizontally-launched Projectile
Angled Projectile

1.R - Research Project (SciRe):

Chapter 1 (Introduction)
Chapter 2 (Review of Related Literature)

SECOND TERM - Force (November to February)*

2.1 - Physical Quantities of Matter: Fundamental and Derived

Mass
Acceleration
Force

2.2 - Types of Forces and Newton’s Laws of Motion

Law of Inertia
Law of Acceleration
Law of Action-Reaction

2.3 - Moments and Equilibrium

Translational Equilibrium
Rotational Equilibrium

2.4 - Uniform Circular Motion

Centripetal Force

2.5 - Impulse, Momentum, and Collisions

Conservation of Momentum

2.6 - Pressure

Pascal’s Principle
Stress and Strain

2.7 - Green Education: ADMU Materials Recovery Scheme

2.R - Research Project (SciRe):

Chapter 3 (Methodology) and Experimentation
Green Education: Writing and Performing Proper Waste Disposal for Research Experimentation
Methods of Science (MOS)
- Writing the Methodology in Statement Form
- Conducting Experiments and Gathering Data

THIRD TERM - Energy (February to April)*

3.1 - Physical Quantities of Matter: Fundamental and Derived

Temperature
Work
Power
Energy

3.2 - Conservation of Energy

3.3 - Thermodynamics

Heat
Calorimetry

3.4 - Acoustics

Wave Motion
Sounds

3.5 - Light and Optics

Properties of Light
Image Formation
Green Education: Blue Goes Green (Mini-Greenhouse Making)

3.6 - Electricity

Circuits
Ohm’s Law
Green Education: Energy Audit

3.6 - Renewable Energy

Solar Energy
Wind Energy
Ocean Wave Energy
Hydropower Energy
Geothermal Energy
Biomass
- Biofuels

3.R1 - Research Project (SciRe): Chapters 4 (Discussion and Analysis) and 5 (Conclusion and Recommendations)

Methods of Science (MOS)
Creating Data Tables and Graphs
Analyzing and Discussing Data based on observed trends and scientific concepts
Writing the Conclusion and Recommendation based on the results gathered
Properly Citing the Sources using APA 7th Edition format

3.R2 - (SciRe) Research Project Presentation and Defense

Methods of Science (MOS)
- Communication and Presentation Skills: Presenting the Research Paper
- Critical Thinking and Subject Matter Expertise: Research Question and Answer

*Schedule and modules could be subject to change

LESSONS (Advanced)

FIRST TERM - Motion (August to October)*

Schola Brevis

MODULE 1: The Study of Physics, NoS, MoS, SDG

The Study of Physics
Filipino Physicists
Nature of Science (NOS): All Domains and Tenets of Science
- Scientific World View
  - The World is Understandable
  - Scientific Ideas are Preliminary
  - Scientific Knowledge is Durable
  - Science cannot Provide Explanations/ Answers to Everything
- Scientific Inquiry
  - Science Demands Evidence
  - Science is a Blend of Logic and Imagination
  - Science Explains and Predicts
  - Scientists Identify and Avoid Bias
  - Science is Not Authoritarian
- Scientific Enterprise
  - Science is a Complex Social Activity
  - Science is Interdisciplinary
  - Ethical Principles are Observed in the Conduct of Science
  - Scientists Participate as Specialists and as Citizens
Sustainable Development Goals
Methods of Science (MOS):
- Writing the Problem Statement
- Formulating Hypothesis
- Identifying Variables, Scope, and Limitations of the Study
- Writing the Significance of the Study with SDGs
- Gathering and Selecting Related Literature Using Online and Library Sources
- Properly Citing the Sources using APA format
MOS: Measurement
- Accuracy and Precision of Measurements
- Significant Figures (with Rounding)
- Scientific Notation
- Three-Step Dimensional Analysis
- Using the Scientific Calculator

MODULE 2: KINEMATICS

Motion Graphs
- Distance-Time Graph
- Velocity-Time Graph
- Acceleration-Time Graph
Physical Quantities of Matter: Fundamental and Derived
- Scalars and Vectors
- Distance, Displacement, Speed, Velocity, and Acceleration
- Mass
- Acceleration
- Force
Horizontal Motion
- Choosing Kinematic Equations
- Green Education: Sustainable Commuting Pattern Analysis (Road Warriors)
Vertical Motion
- Objects Thrown Upward
- Objects Dropped
- Object Thrown Downward
- Newtonian vs Einsteinian Gravity
Projectile Motion
- Horizontally-launched Projectile
- Angled Projectile

MODULE 3: FORCES & DYNAMICS

Forces & FBDs
- Normal, Gravity, Tension, Magnetic
- Friction
- Spring
- Law of Universal Gravitation
Newton’s Laws of Motion
- Law of Inertia
- Law of Acceleration
- Law of Interaction

Translational Equilibrium

MODULE 4: WORK, ENERGY & POWER

Physical Quantities of Matter: Fundamental and Derived
- Temperature
- Work
- Power
- Energy
Conservation of Energy
Efficiency

SCIRE MODULE: PROPOSAL PHASE

Research Project (SciRe):
- Topic Proposal
- Chapter 1 (Introduction)
- Chapter 2 (Review of Related Literature)

SECOND TERM - Force (November to February)*

MODULE 5: IMPULSE & MOMENTUM

Impulse, Momentum, and Collisions
- Impulse-Momentum Theorem
- Conservation of Momentum
- Elastic & Inelastic Collisions
- Explosions

MODULE 6: ROTATIONAL KINEMATICS & DYNAMICS

Moments and Equilibrium
- Center of Gravity
- Moment
- Rotational Kinematics
- Rotational Equilibrium
Uniform Circular Motion
- Centripetal Force

MODULE 7: PRESSURE & FLUIDS

Pascal’s Principle
Bernoulli’s Principle
Stress & Strain
Young’s Modulus of Elasticity
Green Education: ADMU Materials Recovery Scheme
- Upcycling plastics (Rocket Launch)

MODULE 8: THERMODYNAMICS

Thermodynamics
- Heat & Temperature
- Modes of Heat Transfer
- Calorimetry
- Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics

MODULE 9: OSCILLATIONS

Simple Harmonic Motion & Energy
Frequency & Period

MODULE 10: WAVES & SOUND

Acoustics
- Wave Properties
- Sounds
- Echo
- Doppler Effect
- Law of Vibrating Strings

SCIRE MODULE: EXPERIMENT PHASE

Research Project (SciRe):
- Chapter 3 (Methodology) and Experimentation
- Green Education: Writing and Performing Proper Waste Disposal for Research Experimentation
- Methods of Science (MOS)
  - Writing the Methodology in Statement Form
  - Conducting Experiments and Gathering Data

THIRD TERM - Energy (February to April)*

MODULE 11: LIGHT & OPTICS

Light and Optics
- Properties of Light
- Image Formation
- Snell’s Law
- Mirrors
  - Laws of Reflection
- Lenses
  - Laws of Refraction
- Total Internal Reflection

MODULE 12: ELECTRICITY

Charges
Coulomb’s Law
Conductors & Insulators
Safety in Electricity
Simple, Series, Parallel & Compound Circuits
Ohm’s Law
Power Consumption
Electricity Transmission
Renewable Energy
- Solar Energy
- Wind Energy
- Ocean Wave Energy
- Hydropower Energy
- Geothermal Energy
- Biomass
  - Biofuels

MODULE 13: MAGNETISM & ELECTROMAGNETISM

Types of Magnets
Magnetic Fields
Fleming’s Right Hand Rule
Lorentz Force

MODULE 14: MODERN PHYSICS

Relativity
Time Dilation & Length Contraction
Energy - Mass Equivalence

SCIRE MODULE: PRESENTATION PHASE

Research Project (SciRe): Chapters 4 (Discussion and Analysis) and 5 (Conclusion and Recommendations)
- Methods of Science (MOS)
  - Creating Data Tables and Graphs
  - Analyzing and Discussing Data based on observed trends and scientific concepts
  - Writing the Conclusion and Recommendation based on the results gathered
  - Properly Citing the Sources using APA 7th Edition format
(SciRe) Research Project Presentation and Defense
- Methods of Science (MOS)
  - Communication and Presentation Skills: Presenting the Research Paper
  - Critical Thinking and Subject Matter Expertise: Research Question and Answer

*Schedule and modules could be subject to change

ASSESSMENT TASKS (Regular)

1ST TERM ASSESSMENT TASKS:
AT 1: Onsite Tests (9%)
1.1 Nature of Science (Post Test)
1.2 Methods of Science (Post Test)

1.3 MOS: Measurements (Post Test)
1.4 MOS: Measurements (Moving Test)
AT 2: Onsite Drills and Exercises (Graded LAS) (6%)
2.1 Graded LAS: Problem Solving Horizontal Motion (Choosing KE)
2.2 Graded LAS: Problem Solving Vertical Motion (Cases 1 & 2)
2.3 Graded LAS: Horizontal Projectiles
AT 3: Online Submissions (Gizmos Activities) (5%)
3.1 Distance-Time and Velocity-Time Graphs
3.2 Free Fall Tower
3.3 Feed the Monkey
AT 4: Laboratory Performance (5%)
4.1 A-maze-ing Race (INDOOR LAB)
4.2 I Am Ready (INDOOR LAB)
4.3 Running Man (OUTDOOR LAB)
4.4 Hang Time (INDOOR LAB)
4.5 Projectiles Using Launcher (INSIDE LAB)
AT 5: Laboratory Reports (15%)
5.1 A-maze-ing Race (INDOOR LAB)
5.2 I Am Ready (INDOOR LAB)
5.3 Running Man (OUTDOOR LAB)
5.4 Hang Time (INDOOR LAB)
5.5 Projectiles Using Launcher (INSIDE LAB)
AT 6: Green Education and SciRe (20%)
6.1 Blue Prints for Tomorrow
6.2 RP Chapter 1: Introduction
6.3 RP Chapter 2: RRL
AT 7: Long Test (20%)
7.1 LT Horizontal Motion and Vertical Motion
7.2 LT Projectile Motion
AT 8: Periodical Exam (15%)
AT 9: Others (5%)
9.1 Worktext-Portfolio
9.2 Recitation

2ND TERM ASSESSMENT TASKS:
to follow*

3RD TERM ASSESSMENT TASKS:
*to follow*

NOTE: The Assessment Tasks are not necessarily in chronological order and could have varying deadlines.

Updated as of August 1, 2025

ASSESSMENT TASKS (Advanced)

FIRST TERM

1.1 Nature of Science (Post Test)
1.2 Methods of Science (Post Test)
1.3 Measurement Moving Test
1.4 Projectile Launcher Practical Quiz
1.5 LikeNaYan pt. 1 - Life Stories of Filipino Physicists
2.1 Graded LAS - Vector Addition
2.2 Graded LAS - Horizontal Motion
2.3 Graded LAS- Vertical Motion
2.4 Graded LAS- Projectile Motion
2.5 Graded LAS - Force Equilibrium
2.6 Graded LAS - Work, Energy & Power
3.1 Vectors/ Adding Vectors
3.2 Distance-Time and Velocity-Time Graphs
3.3 Free Fall Tower
3.4 Feed the Monkey
3.5 Force & Fan Carts
3.6 Rollercoaster Physics
4.1 I Am Ready INDOOR LAB
4.2: Road Warriors HOME-BASED LAB
4.3: Hang Time with Sensors INSIDE LAB
4.4: Arrowstorm Attack VIRTUAL LAB
4.5: Coaster-vation of Energy VIRTUAL LAB
4.1 I Am Ready INDOOR LAB
4.2: Road Warriors HOME-BASED LAB
4.3: Hang Time with Sensors INSIDE LAB
4.4: Arrowstorm Attack VIRTUAL LAB
4.5: Coaster-vation of Energy VIRTUAL LAB
6.1 Chapter 1: Introduction
6.2 Individual Summaries for RRL
6.3 Chapter 2: RRL
7.1 Written LT 1 - Kinematics
7.2 Written LT 2 - Forces & Dynamics
7.3 Oral LT - Slides + Presentation
7.4 Practical LT - Rubber Band Racers
8.1 Periodical Exam
9.1 Worktext-Portfolio
9.2 Recitation

MATERIALS

Official Book

Ateneo Junior High School Physics Worktext-Portfolio with Science Research Module Guides and Samples Compilation 2024 Edition. Ateneo de Manila University Press.
Galisky, J., & Rylander, J. (2020). HMH science dimensions: Physics in the universe. (ADVANCED ONLY)

Other References (used by teachers)

Chew, C., Foong C., & Tiong, H., Physics Matters for GCE 'O' Level (4th Edition) Textbook. Marshall Cavendish Education.
Crowell, B. Conceptual Physics. Light and Matter: Open Source Physics Textbooks. Click here to download the free ebook.
Hewitt, P. Conceptual Physics (12th edition). Pearson Education.
Serway, R. A., & Faughn, J. S. (2017). Holt McDougal Physics: Student Edition. Holt McDougal.
Young, H., & Freedman, R. University Physics (13th edition). Pearson Education.

Learning Materials

Everyday Materials
- Scientific calculator
- Blue or black pen
- No. 2 pencil
- Science notebook
- Size 1, 2 & 4 pad paper
- Orions ruler and protractor
- Learning device: Laptop/Tablet (1 per laboratory or research group- can be provided in the lab)
Grade 10 Physics Worktext-Portfolio

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